Continuous Flash Suppression Inhibits Semantic Processing of Chinese Characters with Unawareness: An Event-Related Potential Study

Semantic processing is a high level cognition function of the human brain. It has been argued intensively whether this process could be accomplished in the absence of awareness. Continuous flash suppression (CFS) is a powerful approach to create stable unconscious state. In this study, subjects were required to observe a series of paired Chinese words and judge the correlation between them in CFS paradigm. A negative component of event related potential, N400, and a Brain symmetry index were used to measure whether the meaning of the paired stimulus was registered in subliminal semantic processing. Analysis didn’t detect a significant difference in N400 response and EEG signal symmetry between correlated and uncorrelated pairs under unconscious condition. These results support the view that semantic information of Chinese character processing is absent without consciousness created by CFS.

Nanocrystallization of Cementite in 0.4C-1Cr Steel During High-Power Surface Processing

The microstructures of the nanocrystalline surface layer of a quenched and high temperature tempered 0. 4C- 1Cr steel induced by high-power surface processing （HPSP） technique were characterized by scan- ning eleetron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that a nanocrystalline layer was fabricated on the surface of the steel 19 using HPSP treatment. The mean grain size in the surface layer is about 11 nm. The nanocrystallization of cementite is prior to that of the matrix phase, ferrite.

Suppression of Speckle in SAR Images Using Wavelet-Based HMM

In order to suppress the speckle appearing in synthesis aperture radar (SAR) images, a novel speckle reduction method based on wavelet domain hidden Markov tree (HMT) was proposed. First, the image was logarithmic transformed to change the statistical property of the speckles. Then an HMT was constructed in the correspondent wavelet domain. Based on this model, the image signal was restored by maximum likelihood estimation and speckle noise was suppressed. Simulating SAR images had shown that the performance of the filter is satisfactory for both speckle smoothing and edges presentation, and for generating visually natural images as well.

SPACE-TIME ADAPTIVE PROCESSING FOR AIRBORNE RADAR:A CONVENIENT IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH

A convenient implementation approach to space-time adaptive processing for airborne radar has been proposed, which is added by some auxiliary array elements in the area of main-lobe clutter on the basis of 2-D Capon approach . It is of practical use for its small computational load. This approach possesses the ideal performance in the area of main-lobe clutter . In addition, the approach which is added by some auxiliary beams in the area of main-lobe clutter has also been discussed.

Direct data domain approach to space-time adaptive processing

In non-homogeneous environment, traditional space-time adaptive processing doesn＇t effectively suppress interference and detect target, because the secondary data don＇ t exactly reflect the statistical characteristic of the range cell under test. A ravel methodology utilizing the direct data domain approach to space-time adaptive processing （ STAP ） in airbome radar non-homogeneous environments is presented. The deterministic least squares adaptive signal processing technique operates on a ＂snapshot-by-snapshot＂ basis to dethrone the adaptive adaptive weights for nulling interferences and estimating signal of interest （SOI）. Furthermore, this approach eliminates the requirement for estimating the covariance through the data of neighboring range cell, which eliminates calculating the inverse of covariance, and can be implemented to operate in real-time. Simulation results illustrate the efficiency of interference suppression in non-homogeneous environment.

A Novel 2-D Signal Processing Scheme for Quasi-Random Step Frequency Signal

Due to the heavy congestion in HF bands, HF radars are restricted to operating within narrow frequency bands. To improve the system bandwidth and avoid heavy interference bands, a quasi-random step frequency signal with discontinuous bands is presented. A novel two-dimensional signal processing scheme for this signal is proposed on the basis of delicate signal analysis. Simulation results demonstrate that the scheme could successfully realize the resolutions by decoupling the range-Doppler ambiguity, and effectively suppress the maximal sidelobe. Moreover, the scheme is simple and has good numerical stability.

Range anomaly suppression based on neighborhood pixels detection in ladar range images

Research on the range anomaly suppression algorithm in laser radar （ladar） range images is significant in the application and development of ladar. But most of existing algorithms cannot protect the edge and linear target well while suppressing the range anomaly. Aiming at this problem, the differences among the edge, linear target, and range anomaly are analyzed and a novel algo- rithm based on neighborhood pixels detection is proposed. Firstly, the range differences between current pixel and its neighborhood pixels are calculated. Then, the number of neighborhood pixels is detected by the range difference threshold. Finally, whether the current pixel is a range anomaly is distinguished by the neighbor- hood pixel number threshold. Experimental results show that the new algorithm not only has a better range anomaly suppression performance and higher efficiency, but also protects the edge and linear target preferably compared with other algorithms.

General Decoherence Suppression in Three-Level Atom in V-and ■-Configurations

In this paper, we present the decoupling bang-bang （BB） twin-born pulses to suppress the genera/deco- herence, both amplitude and phase decoherence, in a three-level atom in V- and Ξ-configurations. We give the exact sequence of periodic twinborn pulses in such systems.

Clutter Suppression Method in GPR Using the Convergence of Matrix Entropy

A novel clutter suppression method in ground penetrating radar （GPR） is proposed. The preliminary result is obtained by using target resolution improved processing （TRIP）. The preliminary result will be used as an initial input for TRIP iteration. All TRIP iteration steps are the adaptive linear combination of the previous TRIP result and the preliminary result. This adaptive combination strategy can balance clutter suppression and target information protection, which is considered as a troublesome contradiction and a chronic problem in clutter suppression research. When the matrix entropy of iteration result converges, the algorithm can achieve a good result both in clutter suppression and target protection. Experimental results demonstrate that the new algorithm outperforms the existing approaches.

A New Range Sidelobe Suppression Technique for Randomly Intermittent Spectra HF Radar Signal

The randomly intermittent spectra (RIS) signal is employed to combat spectrum congestion in radar and other radio services to evade the external interferences in high-frequency (HF) and ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) bands. However, the spectra discontinuity of the signal gets rise to high range sidelobes when matching the reflected echo, which is much more difficult for targets detection. So it is indispensable to investigate the technique for sidelobes suppression of the range profile when RIS signal is utilized, This paper introduced a new processing technique based on time domain filtering to lower the range sidelobes. A robust and effetive algorithm is adopted to solve the coefficients of the filter, and the restriction on the desired response of the filter is derived. The simulation results show that the peak range sidelobe can be reduced to -27 dB from -9.5 dB while the frequency band span (FBS) is 200 kHz.

改进YOLOv5的无人机航拍图像目标检测算法

针对无人机航拍图像目标检测中目标尺度多样、相似目标众多、目标聚集导致的目标漏检、误检问题,提出了改进YOLOv5的无人机航拍图像目标检测算法DA-YOLO。提出由特征图注意力生成器和动态权重学习模块组成的多尺度动态特征加权融合网络,特征图注意力生成器融合处理不同尺度目标更重要的特征,权重学习模块自适应地调节对不同尺度目标特征的学习,该网络可增强在目标尺度多样下的辨识度从而降低目标漏检。设计一种并行选择性注意力机制(PSAM)添加到特征提取网络中,该模块通过动态融合空间信息和通道信息,加强特征的表达获得更优质的特征图,提高网络对相似目标的区分能力以减少误检。使用Soft-NMS代替YOLOv5中采用的非极大值抑制(NMS)以改善目标聚集场景下的漏检、误检。实验结果表明,改进算法在VisDrone数据集上检测精度达到37.79%,相比于YOLOv5s算法精度提高了5.59个百分点,改进后的算法可以更好地应用于无人机航拍图像目标检测中。

城市污水处理过程污泥膨胀识别与抑制综述

污泥膨胀是活性污泥法污水处理过程中常见的一类异常工况,且具有严重危害性,研究污泥膨胀的识别和抑制方法对城市污水处理过程正常运行意义重大.本文主要针对城市污水处理过程中污泥膨胀的识别和抑制方法进行综述.首先,文章概述了城市污水处理过程,介绍了污泥膨胀的概念、主要特点、类型和成因;其次,概述了基于微生物生理特征、机理模型、图像识别和数据驱动的污泥膨胀识别方法,分析其发展现状并指出优缺点;然后,概述了基于过程调控和机理特征的污泥膨胀抑制方法,分析其发展现状并对比优缺点;最后,总结全文,指出了城市污水处理过程污泥膨胀识别和抑制面临的主要问题,并对其研究趋势进行了展望.

飞机火焰抑制器阻火测试中混合气体的适用性研究

文章对典型民用飞机油箱通气口飞机火焰抑制器火焰传播特性开展试验研究。根据SAEARP5416中规定的H_(2)、O_(2)、Ar3种混合气体的燃爆方案,借鉴ISO16852标准下的试验方法,自建燃爆试验台,并分别在不同H_(2)体积分数、阻火芯体内部孔径和芯体长度的情况下开展系列试验,并与现行商用阻火器特性进行对比,同时使用高速摄像机获得爆燃阻火现象及规律并开展仿真对比。试验结果表明,使用体积分数为5.0%~10.0%的H_(2)进行飞机火焰抑制器火焰传播试验时,试验阻火成功率极低,并得到H_(2)体积分数升高对火焰传播速度的影响规律。研究表明,H_(2)与航空煤油蒸气的特性差异是阻火失效的关键因素。该文对此次试验的混合气体局限性进行分析,试验结果也为H2类阻火器的研究提供一定的参考。

矿井探地雷达背景杂波抑制方法综述

随着中国煤炭安全高效智能开采需求的不断提升,矿井探地雷达(ground-penetrating radar, GPR)作为一种高精度物探方法,在煤矿井下探测中有广阔的应用前景。由于探地雷达目标回波信号受系统内部噪声、外部电磁干扰、巷道回波、地下介质不均匀等干扰影响,虚警率较高。尤其对于小尺寸目标,其回波信号为弱信号,容易淹没在强烈的背景杂波中,成为目前制约探地雷达探测性能的主要因素之一,进一步实现井下煤层、构造探测、提高探测精度的关键在于对背景杂波的抑制。从对消法、滤波法、分解法和网络法出发,综述这些杂波抑制方法的基本原理、优缺点及其在探地雷达干扰抑制领域的研究进展,并探讨各种方法的适用范围和发展潜力。杂波抑制技术的不断创新将进一步提高探地雷达的信噪比与灵敏度,使其在煤矿井下探测中发挥更大的应用价值。

一种抑制后续换相失败的电流偏差控制参数整定方法

电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter-based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)系统若发生后续换相失败,将严重影响交直流混联电网的安全稳定运行。文中首先针对LCC-HVDC系统故障恢复过程中电流偏差控制作用阶段易再次发生换相失败的问题,对电流偏差控制参数与换相失败之间的关系进行理论分析,发现此阶段系统若不发生换相失败,逆变侧LCC直流电压和交流换相电压须满足一定的约束关系,且该约束关系受电流偏差控制参数的直接影响。然后,基于理论分析结果,提出一种电流偏差控制参数整定方法,可改善系统故障恢复过程中对直流电压恢复速度和程度的控制要求,使系统更易满足直流电压与交流换相电压稳定运行约束关系,以降低后续换相失败概率。最后,利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台CIGRE标准测试模型验证了理论分析的正确性以及参数整定方法的有效性。

基于波束对消的车辆运动地物杂波抑制方法

针对在快速运动车辆载体上雷达目标检测中强地物杂波的抑制问题,借鉴机载雷达空时处理原理,分析了车辆运动地物杂波分布特性,探讨了运动车辆雷达差波束地物杂波对消和波束地物杂波的适用性。实测数据表明该方法可有效抑制主副瓣地物杂波,提高车辆运动中对慢速飞行目标的检测能力。

基于KA-SRCN-pSTAP的低空风切变风速估计方法

针对由于独立同分布(IID)样本严重不足,导致极化空时自适应(pSTAP)处理性能下降,进而导致低空风切变风速估计不准确的问题,本文提出了一种基于知识辅助的稀疏表示杂波零陷极化空时自适应(KA-SRCN-pSTAP)的低空风切变风速估计方法。该方法首先利用杂波脊的先验知识辅助构造极化空时稀疏字典,然后利用极化空时稀疏字典,通过SRCN算法挑选原子并对到杂波线性子空间补空间上的投影矩阵进行估计,从而得到pSTAP权矢量,最后构造pSTAP滤波器对地杂波进行抑制,准确估计低空风切变风速。该方法仅使用少量IID样本,将SRCN算法与极化-空时域相结合,完成对风切变风速的有效估计。仿真实验结果证明该方法可以有效实现少样本情况下的风速准确估计。

一种捷变频雷达距离速度超分辨-恒虚警-自适应重构参数估计算法

针对捷变频雷达目标参数估计与强欺骗干扰抑制问题,提出了一种适用于距离-速度维稀疏处理模型的超分辨-恒虚警(CFAR)-自适应重构算法,实现了目标搜索、距离-速度参数估计及欺骗干扰抑制。基于量化格点的距离-速度超分辨谱实现了目标距离-速度参数与字典元素的匹配,并采用CFAR算法对距离速度平面进行二维搜索,以实现目标检测与距离速度参数估计。采用自适应重构对消方法从观测向量矩阵中减去已估计目标分量,迭代过程中更新二维谱噪声子空间维度,循环采用距离-速度谱、CFAR及自适应对消实现剩余目标估计。通过每次迭代过程中的多目标估计与对消,解决了强欺骗干扰情况下的弱目标参数估计问题。该方法为捷变频雷达距离速度维稀疏表示欠定方程数学模型提供了另一种求解途径。

OBN地震数据成像处理基本逻辑与关键方法技术

海洋油气勘探逐渐进入深水深层勘探领域,地下地质构造复杂(横向变速剧烈)、目标油藏复杂(由以构造油气藏为主转向构造与地层岩性油气藏并重),同时还可能伴随海底地形及附近岩性的复杂变化,所有因素促使海洋油气地震勘探技术不断变革。提高海洋油气勘探效益的首要问题是发展尽可能满足高精度地震波成像需求的地震数据采集技术及对应的高精度地震波成像技术。当前,无论海上和陆上油气地震勘探,“两宽一高”地震数据采集技术和全波形反演(FWI)/最小二乘逆时偏移(LS_RTM)为代表的地震波成像技术是标志性的领先技术。海上油气地震勘探中,海底节点(OBN)地震数据采集是目前业界公认的、最有可能真正实现“两宽一高”地震数据采集的技术。与拖缆数据采集相比,OBN数据采集具有宽方位照明、数据信噪比高、无检端鬼波、存在实测的(至少一阶自由表面相关)下行波场、四分量观测等优点。尤其是宽方位照明和存在至少一阶自由表面下行波场的特点,使得OBN数据具备了对中深层复杂构造和近海底介质进行高精度成像的能力。着重讨论了高精度地震波成像对地震数据采集的要求,指出OBN数据采集在海洋油气勘探中的必要性;分析了OBN数据采集的地震波场的特点,据此提出OBN数据地震波成像处理的基本逻辑及相应的关键技术;认为海洋油气勘探中地震波成像处理的特殊问题主要由特征反射层引起,海水面、海底面和地下介质中若干强反射层构成了这些特征反射层,提出了模型驱动波动理论特征反射层相关多次波预测与压制的技术路线,并对比了几种代表性的多次波预测的基础理论;指出对应当前的线性化偏移成像算子叠前数据域与叠前成像域是等价的,据此以成像道集后处理为中心,给出期望成像道集的定义,将弱旁瓣、定量的反射系数作为保真高分辨地震波成像的目标,在两个域中尽可能完美实现地下同一反(绕/散)射点、不同炮检距反(绕/散)射子波的同相位叠加,尽可能好地实现保真高分辨带限反射系数的成像;提出最好把带限反射系数成像推进到宽带波阻抗成像的技术路线;结合OBN数据的特点,给出了OBN数据地震波成像处理的基本技术流程,指出各环节的关键方法技术。最后,针对OBN数据四分量观测的特点,指出是实际观测的多波地震波场中的波现象(主要是P_SV波)与地震波传播及模拟理论不匹配导致了当前多波成像结果达不到预期,建议重点研究实际观测的多波地震波场中的波现象与地震波传播及模拟理论不匹配的物理根源,而不是发展更高端的矢量波成像算法。期望本文的思想观点对OBN地震勘探在海洋油气勘探中的进一步应用产生积极的促进作用。

基于子阵级处理的宽带非规则子阵相控阵鲁棒性干扰抑制

针对宽带非规则子阵相控阵在复杂干扰环境下性能变差的情况,提出一种基于子阵级处理的鲁棒性干扰抑制方法。首先,建立存在误差情况下的宽带阵列子阵级回波模型;通过子阵级数字Stretch处理将宽带线性调频回波信号变为窄带信号,降低处理的有效带宽;然后,进一步改进基于谱分离的干扰加噪声协方差矩阵重构方法,利用测量的先验信息划分子区间,减小重构区域,降低运算量;最后,利用获得的最优权值加权各通道数据获得阵列输出。所提方法有效利用非规则子阵优势,避免了规则子阵阵面方向图中存在栅瓣的情况,能够在存在多种组合干扰和误差的情况下抑制干扰,具有较强的鲁棒性。