Prolonged high-pressure balloon angioplasty of femoropopliteal lesions：Impact on stent implantation rate and mid-term outcome

ObjectivesTo 在 stent 培植率和回顾地注册的 femoropopliteal lesions.MethodsWe 的延长高压力 angioplasty 的中间的结果上估计影响从 2011 年 1 月的 620 个连续病人到 2011 年 12 月(75.6 &#x000b1；12.3 年， 355 男性， 76.5% 在卢班 5-6 ) ，为批评手足局部缺血参考了并且提交了到 femoropopliteal 损害的延长高压的 angioplasty。延长高压的 angioplasty 的定义为至少 120 s 包括膨胀到至少 18 atm。程序的数据，和临床、仪器的后续被分析估计比较喜欢的培植率和中间的 outcomes.ResultsThe 接近的 stent 是 ipsilateral 在 433/620 病人(69.7%) 和在 164/620 (26.4%) 的 contralateral 转线路的大腿骨的 antegrade 并且腿弯部后退 +在 23/620 (3.7%)的大腿骨的 antegrade 。技术在 193/620 病人(31.2%) 在 427/620 病人(68.8%) 和 endoluminal angioplasty 包括了 subintimal angioplasty。延长高压力汽球 angioplasty 过程在 86.2% 是成功的(次要的 intra 程序的复杂并发症率 15.7 %) ， stent 培植在 74 个病人(11.9%) 被执行，与脚关节臂的索引的重要改进(0.29 &#x000b1；0.6 对 0.88 &#x000b1；0.3， P &#x0003c；00.1 ) 并且卢班(5.3 &#x000b1；0.8 对 0.7 &#x000b1；1.9， P &#x0003c；0.01 ) ， 86.7% 的主要明显率， Doppler 超声和在 18.1 &#x000b1 的吝啬的后续的 14.8% 的目标损害 revascularization 上的 18.6 % 的狭窄；6.4 个月(范围 1-24 月) 。第二等的明显率高是 87.7%.ConclusionsProlonged femoropopliteal 损害的压力 angioplasty 看起来安全、有效允许可接受的明显和狭窄在期中考试上评价。

Treatment of benign ureteral stricture by double J stents using high-pressure balloon angioplasty

Background Balloon dilatation angioplasty is a minimally invasive surgery for treating benign ureteral stricture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of placing double J （D-J） stents using high-pressure balloon angioplasty in treating benign ureteral stricture.Methods A total of 42 patients （48 cases） with benign ureteral stricture （42 had benign ureteral stricture） were investigated by inserting dual D-J stents using high-pressure balloon angioplasty. The control group contained 50 patients （57 cases） employing the conventional balloon angioplasty with a single D-J stent inserted for comparison.Results The overall effective rate of the treated and control groups was 87.8% （36/41） and 62.7% （32/51）, respectively （P 〈0.05）.Conclusion This new approach produces a better curative effect than the conventional balloon angioplasty with a single D-J stent insertion in treating benign ureteral stricture.

Safety and efficacy of balloon angioplasty compared to stent-basedstrategies with pulmonary vein stenosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Pulmonary vein stenosis(PVS)is an uncommon but known cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children and can be managed with percutaneous revascularization strategies of pulmonary vein balloon angioplasty(PBA)or pulmonary vein stent implantation(PSI).AIM To study the safety and efficacy outcomes of PBA vs PSI in all patient categories with PVS.METHODS We performed a literature search of all studies comparing outcomes of patients evaluated by PBA vs PSI for PVS.We selected all published studies comparing PBA vs PSI for PVS with reported outcomes of restenosis and procedure-related complications in all patient categories.In adults,PVS following atrial fibrillation ablation and in children PVS related to congenital etiology or post-procedural PVS following total or partial anomalous pulmonary venous return repair were included.The patient-centered outcomes were risk of restenosis requiring re-intervention and procedural-related complications.The metaanalysis was performed by computing odds ratios(ORs)using the random effects model based on underlying statistical heterogeneity.RESULTS Eight observational studies treating 768 severe PVS in 487 patients met our inclusion criteria.The age range of patients was 6 months to 70 years and 67%were males.The primary outcome of the re-stenosis requiring re-intervention occurred in 196 of 325 veins in the PBA group and 111 of 443 veins in the PSI group.Compared to PSI,PBA was associated with a significantly increased risk of re-stenosis(OR 2.91,95%CI:1.15-7.37,P=0.025,I2=79.2%).Secondary outcomes of the procedurerelated complications occurred in 7 of 122 patients in the PBA group and 6 of 69 in the PSI group.There were no statistically significant differences in the safety outcomes between the two groups(OR:0.94,95%CI:0.23-3.76,P=0.929,I^(2)=0.0%).CONCLUSION Across all patient categories with PVS,PSI is associated with reduced risk of re-intervention and is as safe as PBA and should be considered first-line therapy for PVS.

Preliminary experience with drug-coated balloon angioplasty in primary percutaneous coronary intervention

We evaluated the clinical feasibility of using drugcoated balloon(DCB) angioplasty in patients undergoingprimary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI). Between January 2010 to September 2014,89 STelevation myocardial infarction patients(83% male,mean age 59 ± 14 years) with a total of 89 coronary lesions were treated with DCB during PPCI. Clinical outcomes are reported at 30 d follow-up. Left anterior descending artery was the most common target vessel for PCI(37%). Twenty-eight percent of the patients had underlying diabetes mellitus. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 44% ± 11%. DCB-only PCI was the predominant approach(96%) with the remaining 4% of patients receiving bail-out stenting. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction(TIMI) 3 flow was successfully restored in 98% of patients. An average of 1.2 ± 0.5 DCB were used per patient,with mean DCB diameter of 2.6 ± 0.5 mm and average length of 23.2 ± 10.2 mm. At 30-d follow-up,there were 4 deaths(4.5%). No patients experienced abrupt closure of the infarctrelated artery and there was no reported target-lesion failure. Our preliminary experience showed that DCB angioplasty in PPCI was feasible and associated with a high rate of TIMI 3 flow and low 30-d ischaemic event.

Drug coated balloon angioplasty for renal artery stenosis due to Takayasu arteritis: Report of five cases

BACKGROUND Takayasu arteritis is a rare but intractable chronic disease in young female patients. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the involved renal arteries has been reported;however, few studies have reported the use of drug coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of Takayasu arteritis. We aimed to demonstrate five young female patients who presented with a history of hypertension due to Takayasu arteritis. CASE SUMMARY From April 2017 to October 2018, five female patients were diagnosed with hypertension due to Takayasu arteritis by computed tomography angiography (CTA) and laboratory tests. Four patients had a complaint of headache with or without dizziness, and one patient showed no symptom. There was no significant family or past history of hypertension or kidney disease, and the physical examinations were almost normal on admission. We performed a treatment by drug coated balloon angioplasty. Blood pressure decreased dramatically in all patients after balloon angioplasty, and the patency of treated renal artery was demonstrated with CTA over 5 months after the angioplasty procedure. CONCLUSION Drug coated balloon angioplasty is safe and effective for renal artery stenosis due to Takayasu arteritis. A prospective study with a larger sample size is necessary to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment.

Cutting-balloon angioplasty before drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of severely calcified coronary lesions

BackgroundSeverely 钙化的冠的损害对汽球 angioplasty 糟糕作出回应，导致不完全、不均匀的 stent 扩大。因此，在 drug-eluting stent (DES ) 以前的足够的匾修正培植是为钙化的损害治疗的钥匙。这研究是评估为严重地钙化的冠的 lesions.MethodsNinety 切汽球 angioplasty 的安全和功效 -- 有严重地钙化的损害的二个连续病人(定义为钙弧 ≥；180 °；钙长度比率 ≥；0.5 ) 在 DES 培植随机基于汽球类型被划分成二个组以前，与汽球膨胀对待：在常规汽球 angioplasty (BA ) 的 45 个病人组织，在切的汽球 angioplasty (CB ) 的 47 个病人组织。在 BA 组的七个盒子令人满意地没完成膨胀并且被变成 CB 组。 Intravascular 超声( IVUS )在汽球膨胀前并且在 stent 培植以后被执行获得质、量的损害特征并且评估 stent ，包括最小的腔代表性的区域( CSA )，钙化的弧和长度，最小的 stent CSA ， stent 并置， stent 对称， stent 扩大，容器解剖，并且分叉容器监狱。在里面医院， 1 月、 6 月的主要不利心脏的事件(向) 是 reported.ResultsThere 不是在在二个组之间的临床的特征的统计差别，包括钙弧(222.2 °；±；22.2 °；对 235.0 °；±；22.1 °；， P = 0.570 ) ，钙长度比率(0.67 ±；0.06 对 0.77 ±；0.05， P = 0.130 ) ，并且在一种总线标准前的最小的腔 CSA (2.59 ±；0.08 公里 2 对 2.52 ±；0.08 公里 2, P = 0.550 ) 。在 stent 培植以后，最后的最小的 stent CSA (6.26 ±；0.40 公里 2 对 5.03 ±；0.33 公里 2 ；P = 0.031 ) 并且尖锐的腔获得(3.74 ±；0.38 公里 2 对 2.44 ±；0.29 公里 2, P = 0.015 ) 比 BA 组的在 CB 组是显著地更大的。没有统计上在在二个组之间的 stent 扩大， stent 对称，不完全的 stent 并置，容器解剖和分支容器监狱的差别。在在严重地钙化的损害的 DES 培植看起来是包括显著地更大的最后的 stent CSA 和更大的尖锐的腔获得的更多的功效以前， 30 天、 6 月的向率也不是 different.ConclusionsCutting 汽球 angioplasty，没有增加在操作和 MACE 率在期间的复杂并发症 6 月。

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension:State of the art

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH)is a complex chronic disease in which pulmonary artery stenosis or obstruction caused by organized thrombus can lead to increased pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance,ultimately triggering progressive right heart failure and death.Currently,its exact mechanism is not fully understood.Pulmonary endarterectomy(PEA)has immediate effects with low perioperative mortality and satisfactory prognosis in experienced expert centers for CTEPH patients with proximal lesions.Nevertheless,37%of patients are deemed unsuitable for PEA surgery due to comorbidities and other factors,and nearly half of the operated patients have residual or recurrent pulmonary hypertension.Riociguat is the only approved drug for CTEPH,although its effect is limited.Balloon pulmonary angioplasty(BPA)is a promising alternative treatment for patients with CTEPH.After more than 30 years of development and refinements,emerging evidence has confirmed its role in patients with inoperable CTEPH or residual/recurrent pulmonary hypertension,with acceptable complications and comparable longterm prognosis to PEA.This review summarizes the pathophysiology of CTEPH,BPA history and development,therapeutic principles,indications and contraindications,interventional procedures,imaging modalities,efficacy and prognosis,complications and management,bridging and hybrid therapies,ongoing clinical trials and future prospects.

Experimental Study on the Early Efficacy of Excimer Laser with Adjunctive Balloon Angioplasty in Dog＇s Femoral Artery

The effect of domestically-manufactured excimer laser with adjunctive balloon angioplasty in achieving revascularization and reduction of residual stenosis was assessed. 20 femoral arteries with thrombosis and occlusion from 12 dogs were subject to angiography. At first excimer laser angioplasty was done followed by balloon angioplasty. The diameter and residual stenosis of revascularized vessel were measured. The result showed that 17 out of 20 vessels (85 %) were revascularized. The diameter of revascularized vessel by excimer laser were 1. 22±0.14 mm,while residual stenoses were 54 %±5%. After adjunctive balloon angioplasty the diameter and residual stenoses were 2. 04±0. 16 mm and 20 %±7 %respectively (P<0. 05 and P<0. 01), Complication in form of vasoperforation occurred in 3/20 vessels (15%). It is concluded that China-manufactured excimerlaser angioplasty is effective when used for revascularization. While the reduction of narrowing and residual stenoses was enhanced after adjunction of balloon angioplasty. This method can be employed in treating peripheral occlusive disease effectively and safely.

Primary balloon angioplasty for chronic occlusion of intracranial internal carotid artery: A case report

Chronic occlusion of large intracranial arteries is the main cause of ischemic stroke in China.Patients with symptomatic intracranial artery occlusion and hemodynamic impairment are at high risk of recurrent stroke.Chronic occlusion of the intracranial segment of the internal carotid artery is a common type of intracranial artery occlusion.Medical management is regarded as the standard treatment for this disease.With the development of endovascular treatment,some patients with chronic cerebral artery occlusion have achieved satisfactory results with endovascular therapy.We reported a patient with symptomatic chronic occlusion of the ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery.Simple balloon angioplasty was performed,and the occluded ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery was successfully recanalized without perioperative complications.At 4 months followup,the internal carotid artery remained patent and perfusion of the right cerebral hemisphere improved dramatically.In addition,we briefly reviewed the relevant literature.

Long-Term Results of Balloon Angioplasty for Native Coarctation of the Aorta in the Surgical Specialty Teaching Hospital/Cardiac Center/Hawler

Background: Coarctation of aorta is a common congenital cardiac malformation;controversy has surrounded the use of balloon angioplasty for native coarctation of aorta as the primary treatment for patients with various ages with coarctation. Aim: This study aimed to assess the long term outcome of balloon angioplasty especially concerning aneurysm formation. Patients and Methods: A case series (case follow-up) study was carried out on a total of 50 patients (31 male and 19 female) with native coarctation of aorta aged 1 - 21 years of age who were treated with balloon angioplasty for more than 1 year at the time of follow up evaluation in surgical specialty hospital/cardiac center in Erbil Iraq. They were recalled and subjected to detail clinical examination, body weight, height, blood pressure measurements. Radiographic, Echo Doppler data, CT angiography were obtained. CT angiography was done for 34 patients. Full echocardiographic evaluation was done in follow up visits. Results: There was a significant reduction in the peak instantaneous pressure gradient across the coarctated area by Doppler echocardiogram gradient before balloon angioplasty and at the follow up visit from 56.92 ± 14.6 mmHg to 30.68 ± 16.89, P = 0.00. Six cases of total 50 patients had evidence of diastolic runoff pattern by Doppler Echcardiogram. While the only 6 of total 34 cases had the report of CT angiography that documented aneurysm formation (12%). Conclusions: Balloon angioplasty of native aortic coarctation can be performed safely and effectively with good immediate outcome. Furthermore, it offers satisfactory long-term results with low incidence of persisting restenosis, hypertension and aneurysm formation.

“Guidezilla”extension catheter combined with balloon technique for treating pulmonary artery stenosis caused by Takayasu arteritis

Takayasu arteritis(TA)is a rare systemic vasculitis of the aorta and its primary branches,which usually occurs in young women.Due to its insidious onset and lack of specific symptoms,this disease can be easily misdiagnosed or missed.Approximately 50%of the patients having TA with pulmonary artery involvement develop pulmonary hypertension(PH).The 3-year survival rate among patients with TA-related PH is lower than that among patients with TA alone.Early balloon pulmonary angioplasty(BPA)can improve the clinical symptoms and survival of patients with stable TA.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first case reported in the English literature in which a“Guidezilla”catheter was used during BPA to treat stenosis and occlusion of the pulmonary artery caused by Takayasu arteritis(TA).

52例症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者个体化血管内治疗的回顾性分析

目的评估症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄(sICAS)患者个体化血管内治疗的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性收集2019年1月至2022年12月在我院接受个体化血管内治疗的sICAS患者的临床资料,分析血管重建成功率、围手术期并发症发生率和死亡情况,以及随访期间复发性缺血性脑卒中(IS)、短暂性脑缺血发作、死亡和血管再狭窄的发生率。结果52例sICAS患者共有55处病变,均接受血管内治疗。患者平均年龄为(62.94±9.04)岁。术前病变血管狭窄程度为90%(80%,99%),狭窄长度为8(5,11)mm。采用的手术方式分别为球囊扩张式支架植入术(25例,27个病变)、自膨式支架植入术(19例,20个病变)、单纯球囊扩张血管成形术(8例,8个病变)。术后残余狭窄程度为10%(0,20%),较术前降低且差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。血管重建成功率为94.23%(49/52),围手术期并发症发生率为3.85%(2/52)。临床随访12(12,18)个月,影像学随访10(6,12)个月,血管再狭窄发生率为7.69%(4/52),复发性IS发生率为1.92%(1/52),无患者死亡。结论个体化血管内治疗对sICAS安全、有效,其可提高血管重建成功率,降低围手术期并发症、远期IS复发和再狭窄风险。

BNP、AngII、RDW及NLR对急性前壁心肌梗死患者术后左室收缩功能障碍的预测效能

目的:探讨脑钠肽(BNP)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对急性前壁心肌梗死(AAMI)患者术后左室收缩功能障碍(LVSD)的预测效能。方法:选择我院2018年1月至2022年1月收治的160例AAMI患者,根据经皮冠脉介入术后的左室射血分数(LVEF)分为无LVSD组(LVEF>40%,110例)和LVSD组(LVEF≤40%,50例)。比较两组的基本资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析AAMI患者术后LVSD的影响因素,使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析BNP、AngⅡ、RDW、NLR单独及联合检测对AAMI患者术后LVSD的预测价值。结果:与无LVSD组比较,LVSD组BNP[(347.52±82.66)pg/ml比(405.55±105.47)pg/ml]、AngⅡ[(238.11±20.43)ng/ml比(254.58±22.53)ng/ml]、RDW[(22.88±5.25)%比(25.52±5.58)%]、NLR[(4.34±1.09)比(5.31±1.50)]均显著升高(P均<0.01);BNP、AngⅡ、RDW、NLR均是影响AAMI患者术后LVSD的独立危险因素(OR=2.002~3.692,P<0.05或<0.01);BNP、AngⅡ、RDW、NLR联合检测对AAMI患者术后LVSD的预测价值显著高于单项检测[曲线下面积(AUC):0.809比0.650、0.696、0.641、0.694,P均<0.01]。结论:AAMI患者左心室收缩功能与BNP、AngⅡ、RDW及NLR有密切联系,上述指标联合检测可有效预测此类患者术后发生左心室收缩功能障碍。

外周切割球囊和高压球囊治疗移植物内瘘近静脉吻合口狭窄的临床比较

目的比较外周切割球囊(peripheral cutting balloon,PCB)和高压球囊(high-pressure balloon,HPB)治疗移植物内瘘近静脉吻合口狭窄的疗效与安全性。方法回顾性收集郑州大学第一附属医院血液净化中心2017年3月至2022年3月行经皮腔内血管成形术治疗移植物内瘘近静脉吻合口狭窄的63例患者(184例次)临床资料,并根据应用球囊类型分为PCB组(84例次)和HPB组(100例次),比较两组的手术成功率、即刻管腔获得及通畅情况。结果PCB组干预后靶病变的中位一期通畅时间显著优于HPB组[212(117,353)d比178(113,292)d,P=0.016],手术即刻管腔获得也显著高于HPB组[(2.72±0.84)mm比(2.28±0.77)mm,P<0.001]。PCB组术后半年和1年的一期通畅率分别为60.6%和23.2%,均优于HPB组的49.9%和11.6%,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PCB的靶病变标化干预率为1.59次/患者年,低于HPB组的2.10次/患者年,下降32.1%。结论相比于HPB,PCB可延长人工血管动静脉内瘘近静脉吻合口狭窄的干预后靶病变一期通畅时间,降低靶病变的干预频率。

巧克力球囊扩张血管成形术在股腘动脉病变中的临床应用

目的探讨巧克力球囊扩张血管成形术治疗股腘动脉病变的有效性及安全性。方法选取2021年8月至2022年12月于北京大学深圳医院诊治的65例股腘动脉硬化闭塞疾病患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将患者分为试验组(n=32,采用巧克力球囊)与对照组(n=33,采用普通球囊)。比较两组患者技术成功率、治疗成功率、临床疗效、炎症因子水平、术后踝肱指数(ABI)、血管通畅情况。结果试验组患者技术成功率、治疗成功率为100%、93.75%,均高于对照组患者的96.97%、81.82%,但差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。试验组患者夹层发生率为6.25%,低于对照组患者的24.24%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,试验组患者C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。术后1个月,两组患者ABI均高于本组术前,且试验组患者ABI高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。两组患者术后治疗效果比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论巧克力球囊扩张血管成形术治疗股腘动脉硬化闭塞疾病的近期疗效优于普通球囊,且炎症控制较好,夹层的发生率较低。

血清PCSK9水平对急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后MACE的预测价值

目的:探讨血清前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)水平对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法:将2016年5月~2020年8月本院收治的585例行PCI术的AMI患者纳入研究。收集患者一般资料和术前血清PCSK9水平。根据术后1年MACE发生情况,患者被分为MACE组(152例)与无MACE组(433例)。分析血清PCSK9水平与血脂的相关性,及AMI患者PCI术后1年发生MACE的影响因素,并分析血清PCSK9水平对AMI患者PCI术后1年发生MACE的预测价值。结果:术后随访1年,MACE发生率为25.98%(152/585)。与无MACE组比较,MACE组术前Gensini评分、年龄≥60岁、多个梗死部位、病变支数≥2支、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、LVEF<50%、术后慢血流/无复流比例、血清PCSK9水平[51.95(46.82,56.58)ng/ml比72.24(62.37,73.88)ng/ml]均显著升高,P均<0.01。Spearman相关性分析显示,AMI患者血清PCSK9水平与总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平呈显著正相关(r=0.728,0.784,P=0.014,0.008)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄≥60岁、术前Gensini评分、多个梗死部位、病变支数≥2支、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、LVEF<50%、术后慢血流/无复流、血清PCSK9水平均为AMI患者PCI术后1年内发生MACE的独立危险因素(OR=2.757~6.888,P均<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清PCSK9水平预测AMI患者PCI术后1年内发生MACE的截断值为59.11ng/ml,灵敏度、特异度、AUC(95%CI)分别为88.72%、77.37%、0.871(0.841~0.897),说明血清PCSK9水平对其具有较好的预测价值。结论:血清PCSK9高水平可增加AMI患者PCI术后MACE的发生风险,且对其具有较好的预测价值。

慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压的治疗进展

球囊肺血管成形术和药物是无法手术的慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压(CTEPH)患者的主要治疗方案。在临床实践中,药物治疗是否比球囊肺血管成形术具有更好的获益-风险比,以及二者联用是否可增加临床疗效或改善安全性尚存争议。本文将系统阐述CTEPH的治疗进展,以指导临床管理。

经皮冠状动脉腔内冲击波球囊导管成形术治疗冠状动脉钙化病变的研究进展

冠状动脉钙化通常导致动脉血管顺应性下降,诱发术后支架膨胀不全、支架内再狭窄等并发症,最终造成介入治疗失败。传统的钙化病变处理策略受限于钙化斑块的性质和病变特征等,且操作较为复杂,手术并发症多,术后不良心血管事件发生风险增高。经皮冠状动脉腔内冲击波球囊导管成形术,又称为血管内碎石术,基于球囊的导管系统,能够安全有效地修饰浅表与深层钙化、同心或偏心钙化,从而明显改善血管顺应性,有利于后续介入治疗。目前血管内碎石术成为治疗冠状动脉钙化病变越来越重要的方法。本文主要对血管内碎石术的作用机制及治疗冠状动脉钙化病变的研究进行综述。

中青年冠心病PCI术后患者自我管理干预方案的实施及效果评价

目的 探讨基于自我调节常识模型(The Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation,CSM)的中青年冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后患者干预方案的设计、实施方法及效果。方法 选取2021年7月—2022年7月收治的中青年PCI术后患者112例作为研究对象,其中2021年7月—2021年12月入院的57例患者为对照组,2022年1月—7月入院的55例患者为试验组。试验组根据CSM在认知阶段、应答阶段、评估阶段、行为及疾病结局阶段对PCI术后患者的自我管理、疾病感知及心理进行干预;对照组采取PCI术后常规护理。比较两组干预前、干预3个月后的自我管理行为、疾病感知、焦虑评分。结果 干预3个月后,试验组冠心病自我管理行为得分高于对照组(t=6.221,P<0.001);疾病感知得分、焦虑得分均低于对照组(t=3.284,6.949;P<0.05)。结论 基于CSM的干预可提高中青年冠心病PCI术后患者自我管理能力,降低负性疾病感知及负性情绪,减轻患者身心负担。

药物涂层球囊治疗老年患者冠状动脉大血管原位病变的有效性和安全性:一项队列研究

背景近年来,随着人口老龄化程度加深,老年患者冠状动脉大血管病变的发病率显著增加。药物涂层球囊(DCB)作为一种新兴治疗手段,因其能有效减少再狭窄发生率而备受关注。然而,现有研究多集中于小血管病变,对大血管原位病变的有效性数据较少。目的探讨DCB治疗老年患者冠状动脉大血管原位病变的效果。方法回顾性选取2022年就诊于内蒙古医科大学附属医院行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)且年龄>60岁老年冠心病(CHD)患者128例为研究对象。完善术前检查化验。按照PCI治疗方案分为DCB组(n=30)、药物洗脱支架(DES)组(n=64)和生物可吸收支架(BVS)组(n=34)。术前、术后即刻及术后随访分别进行冠状动脉造影(CAG),观察术前靶血管参考直径(RVD),术前、术后即刻及术后1年随访观察最小管腔直径(MLD),进一步推算术前直径狭窄程度(DS)、术后即刻观察管腔获益(AG),术后即刻与术后随访1年残余直径狭窄程度(RDS)和晚期管腔丢失(LLL)。随访期间每月定期门诊或电话随访,记录患者院内及出院后1年内患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)。采用LASSO回归分析筛选相关变量后,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究MACE发生的影响因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者发生MACE的生存曲线,生存曲线的比较采用Log-rank检验。结果DCB组、DES组和BVS组患者基线资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后即刻BVS组MLD、AG高于DCB组、DES组,RDS低于DCB组、DES组(P<0.05),术后1年DES组RDS低于DCB组(P<0.05)。3组患者院内均无MACE发生,术后中位随访时间为478(425,538)d,共发生38例MACE,随访期间3组均无心肌梗死与心源性死亡事件发生;出血事件:DCB组有0例,DES组有3例,BVS组有3例,表现为牙龈出血,经评估为轻度出血。Log-rank检验结果示3组患者无MACE存活率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.580)。LASSO回归分析筛选低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、介入治疗史纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,结果示LDL-C(OR=12.204,95%CI=3.403~43.768)、介入治疗史(OR=0.041,95%CI=0.010~0.162)是患者发生MACE的影响因素。结论DCB治疗老年CHD患者大血管病变与DES和BVS比较无明显差异,有效性及安全性DES和BVS相当。DCB是治疗老年患者冠状动脉大血管病变安全、有效的方式,LDL-C升高和介入治疗史是MACE发生的影响因素。