BACKGROUND High-riding nipple is one of the common complications after mastopexty and breast reconstruction.However,to date,a limited number of techniques have concentrated on how to lower the high-riding nipple with ...BACKGROUND High-riding nipple is one of the common complications after mastopexty and breast reconstruction.However,to date,a limited number of techniques have concentrated on how to lower the high-riding nipple with enlarged areola.CASE SUMMARY This is a case report describing a combination of surgical techniques to decrease high-riding nipple.A 26-year-old woman,who previously underwent several breast operations,sought correction for high-riding nipple with enlarged areola.Expanders were used and multi-stage techniques were performed.After one year of follow-up,lowered nipple,reduced areola size,ensured nipple blood supply,and improved breast ptosis were achieved,and the patient was satisfied with the breast contour.CONCLUSION The proposed technique offers a feasible treatment option for postoperative nipple over-elevation combined with areola dilation.展开更多
Introduction: High-riding nipple following reduction mammoplasty is a challenging problem for the plastic surgeons. To avoid such problem, many methods have been described for marking the correct nipple position but s...Introduction: High-riding nipple following reduction mammoplasty is a challenging problem for the plastic surgeons. To avoid such problem, many methods have been described for marking the correct nipple position but still controversial. We aimed in this study to present our experience in preventing excessive nipple elevation after reduction mammoplasty by using the upper footprint to set the new nipple position. Material and Methods: From March 2019 to March 2022, 25 female patients at a mean age of 38.3 years were included in this prospective study. They underwent reduction mammoplasty with inverted T scar and a combination of inferior pedicle and Würinger’s septum techniques. Resection weights, pre- and postoperative anthropometric measures were recorded. All patients were photographed at the follow-up visits and evaluated for complications if any, the nipple-areola complex (NAC) sensation, and subjective patient satisfaction using “The Breast Evaluation Questionnaire”. Results: The mean preoperative midclavicular point to nipple distance was 37.40 and 37.18 cm for the right and left breasts, respectively. The mean resection weight was 1270 and 1242 g from the right and left sides, respectively. None of our patients experienced NAC necrosis, while 2 breasts had minor wound dehiscence treated conservatively. After a mean follow-up period of 12 months, the NAC descended by an average of 1.40 cm, the distance from the IMF to nipple had an average increase of 2.24 cm, and all of patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcomes and convinced with their breast shape. Conclusion: The upper footprint dependent nipple position seems to have a real role in preventing high-riding nipple after breast reduction in hypertrophic and gigantomastic breasts. Moreover, it can be applied easily and allow for more satisfying outcomes than other methods for setting the new nipple position.展开更多
Purpose: This article identifies the advantage and disadvantage of a free nipple areola complex graft (FNACG) for nipple malposition which resulted from tissue-expander insertion and subsequently replaced with an impl...Purpose: This article identifies the advantage and disadvantage of a free nipple areola complex graft (FNACG) for nipple malposition which resulted from tissue-expander insertion and subsequently replaced with an implant after nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM). Methods: The subjects were three such patients treated using FNACG and who were followed up for at least one year postoperatively. The surgical outcome was assessed for symmetry of nipple-areola position, graft take, depigmentation, and shrinkage. Results: In all patients, the graft was accurately transferred to a position to achieve symmetry with the unaffected breast, and there was complete graft take in the areola by simple surgical design and techniques. No depigmentation of the areola was observed. The size of the areola was almost unchanged after grafting in two patients, but areolar shrinkage occurred in one other patient. There was complete graft take in the nipple in one patient and no depigmentation of the nipple was observed. Necrosis occurred at the tip of the nipple in two other patients. These patients had depigmentation, and the height of nipples decreased in proportion to the level of necrosis. Conclusion: FNACG can be a useful method if its advantages and disadvantages are well considered.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND High-riding nipple is one of the common complications after mastopexty and breast reconstruction.However,to date,a limited number of techniques have concentrated on how to lower the high-riding nipple with enlarged areola.CASE SUMMARY This is a case report describing a combination of surgical techniques to decrease high-riding nipple.A 26-year-old woman,who previously underwent several breast operations,sought correction for high-riding nipple with enlarged areola.Expanders were used and multi-stage techniques were performed.After one year of follow-up,lowered nipple,reduced areola size,ensured nipple blood supply,and improved breast ptosis were achieved,and the patient was satisfied with the breast contour.CONCLUSION The proposed technique offers a feasible treatment option for postoperative nipple over-elevation combined with areola dilation.
文摘Introduction: High-riding nipple following reduction mammoplasty is a challenging problem for the plastic surgeons. To avoid such problem, many methods have been described for marking the correct nipple position but still controversial. We aimed in this study to present our experience in preventing excessive nipple elevation after reduction mammoplasty by using the upper footprint to set the new nipple position. Material and Methods: From March 2019 to March 2022, 25 female patients at a mean age of 38.3 years were included in this prospective study. They underwent reduction mammoplasty with inverted T scar and a combination of inferior pedicle and Würinger’s septum techniques. Resection weights, pre- and postoperative anthropometric measures were recorded. All patients were photographed at the follow-up visits and evaluated for complications if any, the nipple-areola complex (NAC) sensation, and subjective patient satisfaction using “The Breast Evaluation Questionnaire”. Results: The mean preoperative midclavicular point to nipple distance was 37.40 and 37.18 cm for the right and left breasts, respectively. The mean resection weight was 1270 and 1242 g from the right and left sides, respectively. None of our patients experienced NAC necrosis, while 2 breasts had minor wound dehiscence treated conservatively. After a mean follow-up period of 12 months, the NAC descended by an average of 1.40 cm, the distance from the IMF to nipple had an average increase of 2.24 cm, and all of patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcomes and convinced with their breast shape. Conclusion: The upper footprint dependent nipple position seems to have a real role in preventing high-riding nipple after breast reduction in hypertrophic and gigantomastic breasts. Moreover, it can be applied easily and allow for more satisfying outcomes than other methods for setting the new nipple position.
文摘Purpose: This article identifies the advantage and disadvantage of a free nipple areola complex graft (FNACG) for nipple malposition which resulted from tissue-expander insertion and subsequently replaced with an implant after nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM). Methods: The subjects were three such patients treated using FNACG and who were followed up for at least one year postoperatively. The surgical outcome was assessed for symmetry of nipple-areola position, graft take, depigmentation, and shrinkage. Results: In all patients, the graft was accurately transferred to a position to achieve symmetry with the unaffected breast, and there was complete graft take in the areola by simple surgical design and techniques. No depigmentation of the areola was observed. The size of the areola was almost unchanged after grafting in two patients, but areolar shrinkage occurred in one other patient. There was complete graft take in the nipple in one patient and no depigmentation of the nipple was observed. Necrosis occurred at the tip of the nipple in two other patients. These patients had depigmentation, and the height of nipples decreased in proportion to the level of necrosis. Conclusion: FNACG can be a useful method if its advantages and disadvantages are well considered.
