Influence of Horizontal Flow on Atrium in High-Rise Residential Building

In this study a 10-storied residential building model was employed to clarify the ventilation characteristics of the atrium and the rooms,which were effected by the different forms of lateral openings.The experiment was conducted under the combined effect of wind force and thermal buoyancy,and the similarity requirements were satisfied.The results have shown that the different forms of lateral openings cause the different ventilation effect of the building,and also have some certain regularity.The conclusions provide a theoretical foundation for how to use the ventilation of atrium better in high-rise residential building.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

Low-cost Plant Landscape Design of Small-scale Residential Area——A Case Study of Huayu Residential Area on Baoping Road in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province

Modern landscape emphasizes the resource conservation and sustainable development.Simple and fine residential green areas should be the development trend.Taking the landscape design of Huayu residential area on Baoping Road in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province as an example,the way how to create a fine view and a good ecological environment for the people living in the bustling city with less investment and simple maintenance was analyzed.

The mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system in high-rise residential buildings considering the Influence of Stack effect

In high-rise buildings with large indoor and outdoor temperature difference,neglecting the effect of stack effect in smoke exhaust shafts may cause calculation error of the fluid network model.In this paper,the mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system considering the influence of stack effect was put forward and it can be inserted different range hood sub-models.Compared with the results of six working conditions of the model without considering the stack effect,the error of the proposed model were reduced by 7.6%,4.3%,4.1%,2.8%,2.4%,and 2.1%.While the indoor and outdoor temperature difference varies from−5℃ to 49℃,the effect of stack effect on the pressure in the flue and the flow rate for each user was studied for six operating rates s.The results show that under the combined effect of stack effect and flue resistance,the static pressure of the kitchen smoke exhaust system showed a low-high-low distribution,and the maximum static pressure in the flue moved toward the bottom with the increase of temperature difference.User flow rates exhibit a low-high-low-high distribution,with an increased flow rate in the bottom users and the largest flow rate in the top users.

Impact of window and air-conditioner operation behaviour on cooling load in high-rise residential buildings

Space cooling is an important building energy end-use that was found in recent years to be significantly impacted by occupant behaviours.However,the majority of previous studies ignored the interplay between the operation of windows and air conditioners(ACs)on cooling load,particularly in building energy modelling.In addition,studies on the analysis of cooling load characteristics regarding high-rise buildings are insufficient.The vertical effect of high-rise buildings on cooling load remains vague.This study thus aims to examine how window and AC operation behaviours impact the cooling load of high-rise buildings in an urban context demonstrated by a real-life typical 40-floor residential building in Hong Kong.This study investigates window and AC operation behaviours jointly and examines the vertical effect on cooling load by using agent-based building energy modelling(BEM)techniques and initiating stochastic and diverse behaviour modes.A carefully designed questionnaire survey was conducted to help build behaviour modes and validate energy models.Ninety building energy models were established integrating meteorological parameters generated by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)programme for ten typical floors and nine combinations of window and AC behaviour modes.The results show that comfort-based AC modes and schedule-based window modes yielded the lowest cooling load.Considering the combined effect of AC and window uses,the maximum difference in cooling loads could be 26.8%.Behaviour modes and building height induce up to 32.4%differences in cooling loads.Besides,a deviation between the behaviour modes and height on the cooling load was found.The findings will help develop a thorough energy model inferring occupants’window and AC behaviour modes along with the building height in high-rise residential buildings.The findings indicate that the interaction impact of window and AC behaviour modes and height should be jointly considered in future high-rise building energy modelling,building energy standards,and policymaking.

Resident's Floor Level Preference in High-Rise Residential Buildings in China:A Case Study of Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province

With the constant advance of global urbanization and aggravation of urban construction land scarcity,high-rise residential buildings have become one of the main carriers of urban residential function on account of both land saving and large housing requirement.However,relevant studies on consumers' floor selection preference in high-rise residential buildings,regarding what inherent and regular features and causes it has,are still insufficient,despite that related issues have important practical significance for real estate developers and designers' decision making in terms of dwelling size ratio,floor area,indoor layout,and so on.This study,based on systematic examination of existing domestic and international researches,seeks to make empirical tests and generalization on the above issues from the aspect of "utility function"(safety,comfortableness,accessibility and economic efficiency) of the living environment that impacted by different floor levels,and floor selection features regarding consumers' social and family structure attributes,as well as the intrinsic correlation between them.The results show the existence of floor level preference in high-rise residential buildings.Its essence is a personalized characterization of consumers' social and family structures' attributes in selecting the "utility function" of the living environment,as the preference value differs under various attributes including gender,age,income,family members and others.

基于AI+BIM技术的住宅户型方案设计探索与研究

本文将人工智能领域中的AIGC(人工智能生成内容)工具与BIM技术相结合,探索研究AI+BIM技术在住宅项目户型方案设计中的应用,阐述两种技术相结合在户型方案设计中的应用实践。实践表明,AI技术能够为设计师提供创作思路,发散创作灵感,同时有效提升户型方案设计效率,缩短设计周期,以便设计师将重点放在设计创作本身。相较于传统设计方法,AI在创作的速度和创意性上有显著优势,且与BIM技术的结合能够有效帮助设计师提升后续工作的效率。本文阐述的AI+BIM技术结合应用能够为后续住宅户型设计提供参考借鉴,为建筑设计工作流智能化、信息化提供新思路。

住宅项目PC构件设计生产研究

主要研究混凝土(PC)预制构件设计生产流程,对预制凸窗、预制外墙、叠合楼板等PC预制构件的深化设计、模具加工、构件生产及运输等全过程施工进行阐述,提倡通过应用三维数字化技术实现应用创新,提高预制构件精细度和良品率。

Projection of residential and commercial electricity consumption under SSPs in Jiangsu province, China

Future electricity consumption may increase due to climate change,but the amplitude depends on the interaction between many uncertain mechanisms.Based on the linear model and policy model,the residential and commercial electricity consumption in Jiangsu province are projected under the shared socioeconomic pathways(SSPs).The linear model considers climate and socioeconomic factors,and the policy model also takes policy factors into account.We find that the cooling degree days(CDD)coefficient is about 3 times of heating degree days(HDD),which reflects that the cooling demand is much larger than heating,and also shows in the projection.The results of the policy model are generally lower than the linear model,which is the impact of policy factors.For example,the SSP1 and SSP2 of the policy model are 320 TW h and 241.6 TW h lower than the linear model in 2100,respectively.At the end of the 21st century,the residential and commercial electricity consumption in Jiangsu province will reach 107.7–937.9 TW h per year,1.3–11.6 times of 2010.The SSP1 scenario under the policy model is based on feasible assumptions,and can be used as the target scenario for policymakers to establish energy intensity reduction targets.

生态价值视域下既有住区绿色改造项目价值实现机制研究综述

既有住区绿色改造是助推“3060双碳”战略目标、实现生态宜居城市建设的重要举措,既有住区绿色改造项目价值实现对既有建筑绿色改造事业发展起重要推动作用。基于项目高效治理视角,从能效标识、激励政策、EPC模式优化、风险分担、适宜技术、行为策略、收益分配、效益评价、意愿影响等方面梳理了国内外既有建筑节能改造项目治理理论研究成果,剖析既有住区绿色改造项目价值形成与实现过程研究的特殊复杂性,论证了生态价值视域下既有住区绿色改造项目价值实现机制研究的必要价值性。

基于GWO-BP神经网络的住宅工程造价预测分析

为提高住宅工程评估模型预测准确性、稳定性和泛化能力,文章提出一种基于灰狼优化算法的BP神经网络(GWOBPNN)预测模型。采用GWO算法优化BPNN模型网络隐含层权值w和节点偏置b,构建了GWO-BPNN最优预测模型。通过随机测试样本验证GWO-BPNN模型预测性能,结果表明:GWO-BPNN模型单方工程预测值与样本实际值拟合优度R^(2)达到0.967,单方造价绝对误差值范围[-42.765,18.281],相对误差值范围[-2.42%,0.92%];MAE为14.536元/m^(2),MBE为6.601元/m^(2),GWO-BPNN模型表现出良好的预测精度和稳健性;同时,GWO-BPNN与BPNN模型单方造价预测性能对比分析表明,GWO-BPNN模型预测准确率和预测稳定性表现更优。本研究提出的GWO-BPNN预测模型可以稳定高效地对住宅工程造价进行预测,具有工程应用可行性。

居住区地下车库与人防工程的结合设计

首先,讨论了地下车库与人防工程的结合设计,分析了地下车库的设计要点和规划考虑;其次,概述了人防工程的定义和功能,探讨人防工程在居住区的设计原则,包括与住房紧密结合、安全性和可达性等方面的考虑;再次,深入讨论了地下车库与人防工程的结合设计,强调在设计中需兼顾实用性和安全因素,包括适应多功能利用、安全设备的规划和紧急情况下的运作模式等方面。结合设计的优势在于多重功能的实现和空间利用的最大化,但也面临管理和技术上的挑战;最后,举出两个实例,总结了该设计的重要性,强调其对城市规划和居民生活的积极意义,并提出未来的发展方向和建议,包括智能化技术的应用和政策法规的完善。

基于国家质量基础设施评价的中国住宅工程质量提升研究

为提升我国住宅工程质量,利用国家质量基础设施(NQI)体系与系统性评估的方法打通我国住宅工程质量标准、检验检测、认证体系的壁垒,对住宅质量缺陷形成有效的监督管理,完善质量控制手段,注重国内住宅工程质量NQI体系评价指标建设,从而对国内住宅工程质量NQI体系中涉及的标准、检验检测与认证认可提供指导。

深圳市住宅工程质量评估情况剖析

为减少住宅工程交付使用后出现渗漏、空鼓、开裂等质量通病,督促工程参建各方切实履行质量主体责任,推进住宅工程高质量建设,工程质量监督机构需要在多个环节进行监管把控,其中对进入装修阶段的住宅工程进行质量评估是较为有效的措施。论文以深圳市建筑工程质量安全监督总站 2023 年开展的住宅工程质量评估工作情况为基础,针对评估过程中发现的典型问题进行深入分析,并提出相应的整治措施及建议。

住宅工程门窗渗漏常见问题分析及解决措施

结合实际工程案例,分析了住宅门窗多种渗漏现象的根本原因,并提出了系统性的解决方案。从设计、选材、安装施工、维修保养等各环节出发,梳理了各个阶段的质量控制要点与解决措施,强调了全过程质量监管的必要性。设计方面,提倡采用等压原理及合理构造措施;在材料与制作上,要求符合标准并确保加工精度;施工监管则注重工序控制与质量检验;维护保养上,则需定期检查与及时维修,以此综合策略有效降低门窗渗漏风险,提升建筑工程质量。

住宅工程质量投诉处理的探索与研究

为更好提升住宅工程质量,让百姓住上放心房,减少质量问题投诉,论文通过分析黄岩区2020年-2022年住宅工程质量投诉的数据统计,剖析住宅工程质量投诉内容及产生原因,探讨处理质量问题投诉的对策。

工程总承包视角下项目实施阶段风险及应对

经过一段时间的实践和发展,工程总承包模式在工程建设领域,在住宅类工程项目中应用广泛。由于这种承发包模式自身性质特点,在工程项目的具体实施阶段,仍存在着诸多的风险因素。本研究以工程总承包单位视角,从环境风险、工程款支付风险、概算风险、管理风险及其他风险等方面切入,梳理住宅类工程总承包项目实施阶段存在的风险及各类风险的成因,分析各类风险的影响程度,并提出建议,以期为日后的工程实践提供参考。

房产限额设计指标管理体系研究

房产住宅项目在设计阶段基本确定了项目整体品质,并对项目成本影响达70%~80%。因此,基于价值工程原理,从房产设计管理角度出发,分析规划方案、方案深化、施工图3个设计阶段的管理效率,以及产品价值点权重,提出各阶段管控要点,从宏观、中观、微观管理层面,形成限额指标体系,给设计决策和过程管理提供有效依据。经上海某保障房项目的实践检验,该方法可以更好地把握项目总体品质、控制成本、提升市场竞争力。

钢平台支模体系在住宅项目悬空结构板施工中的应用思考

针对住宅项目悬空结构板施工,对钢平台支模体系进行设计,并按照施工方法和操作要点进行施工,通过实际应用和有限元方法对钢平台支模体系的应用效果进行评估。结果表明,各测点的模拟位移量小于12 mm,实测位移量小于14 mm;模拟沉降量小于3.5 mm,实测沉降量小于5.7 mm。

新时代艺术介入乡村建设下的精品民宿设计研究

在乡村振兴的背景下,针对乡村民宿的发展现状及问题,利用文献分析法总结乡村精品民宿的概念。从场地分析、设计定位、空间布置、整体规划、材料运用等五个方面对岳麓区雨敞坪镇泉水村民宿进行实地调研与设计,探寻乡村民宿的本质。提出塑造整体场所、构建风景内化、结合砖混木构、创造舒适生活、营造乡村气氛的五个策略,以此提高乡村民宿设计的合理性,引导乡村民宿建筑与室内设计的发展。