Design and Implementation of a High-Sensitivity Magnetic Sensing System Based on GMI Effect

A high-sensitivity magnetic sensing system based on giant magneto-impedance(GMI)effect is designed and fabricated.The system comprises a GMI sensor equipped with a gradient probe and an signal acquisition and processing module.A segmented superposition algorithm is used to increase target signal and reduce the random noise.The results show that under unshielded,room temperature conditions,the system achieves successful detection of weak magnetic fields down to 2 pT with a notable sensitivity of 1.84×10^(8)V/T(G=1000).By applying 17 overlays,the segmented superposition algorithm increases the power proportion of the target signal at 31 Hz from6.89%to 45.91%,surpassing the power proportion of the 2 Hz low-frequency interference signal.Simultaneously,it reduces the power proportion of the 20 Hz random noise.The segmented superposition process effectively cancels out certain random noise elements,leading to a reduction in their respective power proportions.This high-sensitivity magnetic sensing system features a simple structure,and is easy to operate,making it highly valuable for both practical applications and broader dissemination.

Concept and Design of a Novel High-Bandwidth,High-Sensitivity Differential Receiver for Optical Interconnections

A novel high-bandwidth, high-sensitivity differential optical receiver without any additional cost compared to general optical receivers, is proposed for high-speed optical communications and interconnections. High bandwidth and high sensitivity are achieved through a fully differential transimpedance amplifier with balanced input loads and two photodetectors to convert the incident light into a pair of differential photogenerated currents,respectively. In addition,a corresponding 0.35μm standard CMOS optoelectronic integrated receiver with two 60μm × 30μm, 1. 483pF fingered p^＋/n- well/p-substrate photodiodes is also presented. The simulation results demonstrate that it achieves a 1.37GHz bandwidth and a 81.9dBΩ transimpedance gain,supporting data rates up to at least 2Gbit/s. The device consumes a core area of 0. 198mm^2 and the optical sensitivity is at least - 13dBm for a 10^-12 bit error rate under a 2^15 - 1 PRBS input signal.

Partial frequency band match filtering based on high-sensitivity data: method and applications

During seismic data acquisition, a high-sensitivity geophone with a high inherent frequency can increase high frequency energy by suppressing low frequency signals. This could cause a worse response at low frequencies. If the advantages of high-sensitivity data and conventional data are combined, the effective bandwidth will be broadened. Considering this, we propose a partial frequency band match filtering method which can combine the advantages of both high frequency and conventional frequency ranges. By introducing Ricker wavelets with different dominant frequencies and amplitudes, we established a theoretical model which possesses characteristics of both types of seismic data and demonstrates the feasibility of the partial frequency band match filtering method. A test using single shot records shows the effectiveness of this method for widening the effective frequency band.

High-sensitivity cardiac troponins in everyday clinical practice

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin(hs-cTn) assays are increasingly being used in many countries worldwide,however,a generally accepted definition of high-sen-sitivity is still pending.These assays enable cTn mea-surement with a high degree of analytical sensitivity with a low analytical imprecision at the low measuring range of cTn assays(coefficient of variation of < 10% at the 99th percentile upper reference limit).One of the most important advantages of these new assays is that they allow novel,more rapid approaches to rule in or rule out acute coronary syndromes(ACSs) than with previous cTn assay generations which are still more commonly used in practice worldwide.hs-cTn is also more sensitive for the detection of myocardial damage unrelated to acute myocardial ischemia.Therefore,the increase in early diagnostic sensitivity of hs-cTn assays for ACS comes at the cost of a reduced ACS specificity,because more patients with other causes of acute or chronic myocardial injury without overt myocardial isch-emia are detected than with previous cTn assays.As hs-cTn assays are increasingly being adopted in clinical practice and more hs-cTn assays are being developed,this review attempts to synthesize the available clinical data to make recommendations for their everyday clini-cal routine use.

Distribution of High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein Status in an Urban Population in China

Objectives To evaluate the distribution by age and sex of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP)in an urban Chinese population and to provide a profile prediction for the risk of bacterial infection,inflammatory diseases,or tissue damages in the body.Methods Serum hsCRP was determined using the Roche Tina-quant immuno-turbidimetric assay on a Hitachi 7600–010 automatic biochemical analyzer(Roche Diagnostics)in 1,572 males and 1,800 females,including 78 pregnant women,who were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Survey in2010–2012.Results The average hsCRP concentration in urban China was 0.68 mg/L for males and 0.65 mg/L for females.Significant differences in hsCRP were found among different age groups(P<0.05).Monitoring results showed no significant differences among the 6–11,45–59,and≥60-year-old groups in the comparison of hsCRP between males and females in large cities.However,hsCRP concentration was significantly higher in men aged 12–17 and 18–44 years than in women.Conclusion The distribution of the hsCRP status of residents in large cities in China was influenced by age and gender,and the hsCRP levels of both sexes increased gradually with age.In addition,hsCRP concentration was higher in healthy pregnant women than in non-pregnant women.Basing on our results,we recommend that this parameter be included in future national and international screening for early detection of various illnesses.

Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in periodontitis patients in Kosovo: A pilot study

The following article has been retracted due to the investigation of complaints received against it. The Editorial Board found that the same contents have been published in another journal at the same time. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter, and the Open Journal of Stomatology treats all unethical behavior such as plagiarism seriously. This paper published in Vol.3 No.1 32-38, 2013 has been removed from this site. Title: Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in periodontitis patients in Kosovo: A pilot study Authors: Zana Sllamniku-Dalipi, Hasan Mehmeti, Fatmir Dragidella, Ferit Kocani, Metush Disha, Kastriot Meqa, Luljeta Begolli, Gramos

Responses of serum inflammatory factor high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in elderly males with cerebral infarction Non-randomized concurrent control

BACKGROUND： Cerebral infarction is poorly treated due to neuronal necrosis and secondary pathophysiological changes; for example, free radical production and inflammatory reactions. OBJECTIVE： To detect the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, and tumor necrosis factor- a （TNF- α ） in elderly males with cerebral infarction. DESIGN： Non-randomized current control study. SETTING： Cadre Medical Department, Guizhou Provincial People＇s Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： Forty elderly males （65-89 years old） with cerebral infarction were selected from Cadre Medical Department, Guizhou Provincial People＇s Hospital from February 2004 to December 2006. All patients met the diagnostic criteria of cerebral infarction modified at the 4th National Cerebrovascular Disease Academic Meeting, and were diagnosed on the basis of CT or MRI tests. Furthermore, 35 elderly male inpatients （65-87 years old） without cerebral infarction were selected as the control group. Included subjects provided confirmed consent and did not have heart disease, diabetes mellitus, lipid disorder, acute trauma, infection, rheumatism, or other inflammatory diseases. The study was approved by the local ethics committee. There were no significant differences in age, blood pressure, and lipid levels between the cerebral infarction group and the control group （P 〉 0.05）, and this suggested that the baseline data of both groups were comparable. METHODS： Fasting venous blood was drawn from cerebral infarction patients 24 hours after cerebral infarction attack and from control subjects 24 hours after hospitalization. A latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF- α in the serum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The levels of hs-CRP, 1L-6, and TNF- α in the serum in both groups. RESULTS： Forty cerebral infarction patients and thirty-five control subjects were included in the final analysis without any loss. Levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： Levels of serum inflammatory reactive factors are increased in elderly males with cerebral infarction.

A dual-axis, high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer

Atomic magnetometer （AM） operated in a spin-exchange relaxation-free （SERF） regime features superior sensitivity and non-cryogenic operation, and thus is competitive with the best superconducting quantum interference devices. Previously, SERF AM with fT/Hz1/2 level sensitivity commonly acted as a single-axis sensor. Here we demonstrate a dual-axis SERF AM capable of simultaneously and independently detecting x-and y-field components with a sensitivity of 20 fT/Hz1/2. As there is no necessity to worry about the cross-talk effects arising from field modulations, the dual-axis scheme proposed here is of particular interest to AM array and hence the biomagnetic applications.

N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide but not high-sensitivity C-reactive protein is related to severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Objective Biochemical indicators such as N-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptide（NT pro-BNP）and high-sensitivity Creactive protein（hsCRP）predict mortality in acute coronary syndrome（ACS）.However,little is known about the relationship of these factors with severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with.Methods Three hundred and thirty-one subjects including 246 unstable angina pectoris patients and 85 myocardial infarction patients were recruited and classified into two groups：single-vessel disease group（1-vessel disease,n=93）and multiple-vessel disease group（≥2-vessels disease,n=238）according to selective coronary angiography.Plasma levels of NT pro-BNP and hsCRP were measured and severity of coronary stenosis was determined by Gensini score.Results NT pro-BNP but not hsCRP level was higher in patients with myocardial infarction than in patients with unstable angina pectoris.The patients with multiple-vessel disease had significantly higher NT pro-BNP level but not hsCRP compared with those with single-vessel disease.NT pro-BNP levels increased significantly as left ventricle（LV）function decreased,and only NT proBNP but not hsCRP level was related to Gensini score of severity of coronary stenosis in ACS.Conclusion NT proBNP but not hsCRP level is related to severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients in ACS.

High-Sensitivity Magnetization Measurements

The three most common instruments for high-sensitivity magnetization measurements (the vibrating-sampie magnetometer, the alternating gradient magnetometer, and the SQUID magnetometer) are described and their limiting sensitivities are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of each are described. Magnetometers using micro-machined force detectors are briefly mentioned.

A High-Sensitivity Refractive-Index Sensor Based on Plasmonic Waveguides Asymmetrically Coupled with a Nanodisk Resonator

A high-sensitivity plasmonic refractive-index sensor based on the asymmetrical coupling of two metal-insulator- metal waveguides with a nanodisk resonator is proposed and simulated in the finite-difference time domain. Both analytic and simulated results show that the resonance wavelengths of the sensor have an approximate linear relationship with the refractive index of the materials which are filled into the slit waveguides and the disk- shaped resonator. The working mechanism of this sensor is exactly due to the linear relationship, based on which tile refractive index of the materials unknown can be obtained from the detection of the resonance wavelength. The measurement sensitivity can reach as high as 6.45 × 10-7, which is nearly five times higher than the results reported in the recent literature [Opt. Commun. 300 （2013） 265]. With an optimum design, the sensing value can be further improved, and it can be widely applied into the biological sensing. Tile sensor working for temperature sensing is also analyzed.

Value of N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide,High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein,and Homocysteine Levels in Predicting Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Heart Failure Patients After Discharge

Objective:To investigate the value of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and homocysteine(Hcy)levels in predicting cardiovascular events(CV)in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods:A total of 63 patients with CHF admitted to our hospital between June 2019 and July 2021 were selected.Their NT-proBNP,hs-CRP,and Hcy levels were detected at discharge,and a 12-month follow-up was done after their discharge to collect clinical data.The collected data were inclusive of data from 21 CHF patients with cardiovascular disease and 42 CHF patients without cardiovascular disease.The effect of NT-proBNP,hs-CRP,and Hcy levels on the occurrence of CV was analyzed.Results:The levels of NT-proBNP,hs-CRP,and Hcy in the group with cardiovascular disease were significantly higher than those in the group without cardiovascular disease(P<0.05);the levels of serum NT-proBNP,hs-CRP,and Hcy at discharge had certain value in predicting short-term CV in CHF patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:NT-proBNP,hs-CRP,and Hcy levels can be used to predict CV in CHF patients,thus having clinical application value.

High-sensitive terahertz detection by parametric up-conversion using nanosecond pulsed laser

A high-sensitive terahertz detector operating at room temperature was demonstrated based on parametric upconversion.A nanosecond 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser was used to pump the parametric up-conversion detector and the upconversion from terahertz wave to NIR laser was realized in a lithium niobate crystal.The minimum detectable terahertz energy of 9 p J was realized with the detection dynamic range of 54 d B,which was three orders of magnitude higher than that of commercial Golay cell.The detectable terahertz frequency range of the detection system was 0.90 Thz–1.83 THz.Besides,the effects of pump energy and effective gain length on the detection sensitivity were studied in experiment.The results showed that higher pump energy and longer effective gain length are helpful for improving the detection sensitivity of parametric up-conversion detector.

High-sensitive phototransistor based on vertical HfSe_(2)/MoS_(2) heterostructure with broad-spectral response

Van der Waals heterostructures based on the two-dimensional(2D)semiconductor materials have attracted increasing attention due to their attractive properties.In this work,we demonstrate a high-sensitive back-gated phototransistor based on the vertical HfSe_(2)/MoS_(2)heterostructure with a broad-spectral response from near-ultraviolet to near-infrared and an efficient gate tunability for photoresponse.Under bias,the phototransistor exhibits high responsivity of up to 1.42×103A/W,and ultrahigh specific detectivity of up to 1.39×1015cm·Hz^(1/2)·W^(-1).Moreover,it can also operate under zero bias with remarkable responsivity of 10.2 A/W,relatively high specific detectivity of 1.43×1014cm·Hz^(1/2)·W^(-1),ultralow dark current of 1.22 f A,and high on/off ratio of above 105.These results should be attributed to the fact that the vertical HfSe_(2)/MoS_(2)heterostructure not only improves the broadband photoresponse of the phototransistor but also greatly enhances its sensitivity.Therefore,the heterostructure provides a promising candidate for next generation high performance phototransistors.

An electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI on a microfluidic chip

Sensitive detection and precise quantitation of trace-level crucial biomarkers in a complex sample matrix has become an important area of research.For example,the detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is strongly recommended in clinical guidelines for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.Based on the use of an electrode modified by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticle (Ru@SiO2)/tripropylamine (TPA) system,a novel type of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) magnetoimmunosensor is developed for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI.In this approach,a large amount of[Ru(bpy)3]2+is loaded in SiO2(silica nanoparticles) as luminophores with high luminescent efficiency and SWCNTs as electrode surface modification material with excellent electrooxidation ability for TPA.Subsequently,a hierarchical micropillar array of microstructures is fabricated with a magnet placed at each end to efficiently confine a single layer of immunomagnetic microbeads on the surface of the electrode and enable 7.5-fold signal enhancement In particular,the use of transparent SWCNTs to modify a transparent ITO electrode provides a two-order-of-magnitude ECL signal amplification.A good linear calibration curve is developed for hs-cTnI concentrations over a wide range from 10 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml,with the limit of detection calculated as 8.720 fg/ml (S/N=3).This ultrasensitive immunosensor exhibits superior detection performance with remarkable stability,reproducibility,and selectivity.Satisfactory recoveries are obtained in the detection of hs-cTnI in human serum,providing a potentia analysis protocol for clinical applications.

EAT、IMA和hs-cTnT与急性冠状动脉综合征病变程度的相关性

目的探讨心外膜脂肪组织(EAT)厚度、血清缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)和高敏肌钙蛋白T(hs-cTnT)与急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)的相关性。方法选择2014年9月至2015年11月我院收治的120例ACS患者作为病例组,其中单支病变组、双支病变组和多支病变组各40例。选择同期在我院进行体检的心功能正常健康者120例作为正常对照组,采用超声心动图测定EAT厚度,采用白蛋白-钴离子结合试验法测定血清IMA水平,采用电化学发光免疫分析法测定血清hs-cTnT水平。结果 ACS患者EAT厚度、IMA和hs-cTnT水平及Gensini积分均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。ACS患者单支病变组、双支病变组和多支病变组EAT厚度、IMA和hs-cTnT水平及Gensini积分变化均呈递增趋势,且均高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。ACS患者EAT厚度、IMA和hs-cTnT水平与Gensini积分呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。单支病变组患者IMA水平与Gensini积分具有相关性(P<0.05),EAT厚度和hs-cTnT水平与Gensini积分无显著相关性(P>0.05);双支病变组和多支病变组患者EAT厚度、IMA和hs-cTnT水平与Gensini积分均呈显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 EAT厚度、IMA和hs-cTnT水平与ACS病变严重程度具有相关性。

左西孟旦注射液联合比索洛尔对老年慢性心力衰竭患者血清cTNT和IGF-1水平的影响

目的:探讨左西孟旦注射液联合比索洛尔对老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清心肌肌钙蛋白(cTNT)及类胰岛素增长因子(IGF-1)水平的影响。方法:78例老年CHF患者随机分为对照组及联合治疗组,对照组采用比索洛尔治疗,联合治疗组采用比索洛尔联合左西孟旦治疗,2周为1疗程;于治疗前及治疗1个疗程时,检查2组患者左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末内径(LVESD)及左心室射血分数(LVEF),测定血清中cTNT、IGF-1、脂质过氧化物酶(LPO)、血清丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化态(TAS)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果:治疗前,2组患者LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF及血清cTNT、IGF-1、TAS、MDA、LPO、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组患者LVEDD、LVESD及血清cTNT、MDA、LPO、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平较治疗前显著降低,联合治疗组更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,2组患者LVEF及血清ICF-1、TAS水平较治疗前显著升高,联合治疗组更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:左西孟旦注射液联合比索洛尔能够有效的改善老年CHF患者的心脏功能,其机制可能与cTNT水平降低及ICF-1水平升高有关。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病对心肌损伤及心肌超微结构的影响

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)对心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、抗M2受体抗体mRNA及心肌超微结构的影响。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠24只,按随机数字表法分为正常组、COPD组、COPD急性加重(AECOPD)组,每组8只。通过气管内滴入脂多糖和被动吸烟的方法建立COPD模型,COPD模型大鼠再次气管滴入脂多糖建立COPD急性加重模型。酶联免疫吸附测定法法检测血清cTnI水平,反转录-聚合酶链反应检测血中抗M2受体抗体mRNA水平,电子显微镜观察心脏超微结构。结果 COPD组血cTnI、M2受体抗体mRNA水平明显高于正常组(P<0.05),而AECOPD组血cTnI、M2受体抗体mRNA水平明显高于COPD组、正常组(P<0.05)。与正常组比较,电子显微镜下COPD组心肌超微结构改变轻微,AECOPD组心肌超微结构改变明显。结论 COPD造成心肌损伤,心肌超微结构发生轻微改变,AECOPD期对心肌损伤更加明显。

β1受体阻滞剂对脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤的影响

目的探讨β1受体阻滞剂对脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤的影响和机制。方法将健康雄性大鼠72只随机分为对照组、脓毒症组、治疗组，每组24只。脓毒症组采用盲肠结扎穿孔法（CLP）建立脓毒症模型，对照组仅剖腹而不进行CLP。脓毒症组和对照组在关腹后皮下注射生理盐水3mL／100g；治疗组除皮下补液外，经尾静脉注射艾司洛尔15mg／（kg·h）持续静脉泵入，分别于3、6、12、24h采集标本，在每个时间点每组大鼠均为6只，观察三组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、心肌组织核转录因子-κBp65（NF—κBp65）、心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）的变化。结果与对照组比较，脓毒症组在各时间点血清TNF-α浓度、cTnI浓度及心肌组织NF—κBp65表达均显著升高（P〈0．05）；与脓毒症组比较，治疗组在各时间点血清TNF—α浓度、cTnI浓度及心肌组织NF—κBp65表达均降低（P〈0．05）。结论β1受体阻滞剂艾司洛尔可减轻脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤，其机制可能与抑制心肌NF—κBp65的表达，降低血清促炎介质的产生有关。β1受体阻滞剂能改善脓毒症失控的炎症反应以及保护心肌功能。

血浆CTnI,HCY和PCT水平对急性颅脑损伤患者的早期诊断、严重程度和预后评价的临床意义

目的探讨血浆CTnI,HCY和PCT水平对急性颅脑损伤患者的早期诊断、严重程度和预后评价的临床意义。方法化学发光免疫分析测定115例急性颅脑损伤患者和60名正常对照血浆中CTnI,HCY和PCT水平,并对比性分析,利用ROC曲线评价血浆CTnI,HCY和PCT水平对急性颅脑损伤患者预后的预测价值。结果 115例急性颅脑损伤患者血浆CTnI,HCY和PCI水平较之60名正常对照明显增高,差异有统计学意义(分别为P<0.001、P<0.01和P<0.001)。66例重型急性颅脑损伤患者血浆CTnI,HCY和PCT水平较之49例轻中型急性颅脑损伤患者亦明显增高,差异有统计学意义(分别为P<0.01、P<0.01和P<0.001),并随急性颅脑损伤的严重程度增高。ROC曲线辨别血浆CTnI,HCY和PCT水平的判定值分别为0.038ng/mL,22.16μmol/mL和0.82ng/mL,对预测急性颅脑损伤预后不良均有较高的灵敏度(分别为82.4%,76.3%和75.8%)和特异性(分别为75.1%、71.2%和69.4%)。结论血浆CInI,HCY和PCT水平是急性颅脑损伤后早期诊断,判断严重程度,治疗后随访和预测预后的有价值指标。