Fabrication of YAG:Ce^(3+) and YAG:Ce^(3+),Sc^(3+) Phosphors by Spark Plasma Sintering Technique

In this study,a single-doped phosphors yttrium aluminum garnet(Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12),YAG):Ce^(3+),single-doped YAG:Sc^(3+),and double-doped phosphors YAG:Ce^(3+),Sc^(3+) were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)(lower than 1 200℃).The characteristics of synthesized phosphors were determined using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and fluorescence spectroscopy.During SPS,the lattice structure of YAG was maintained by the added Ce^(3+) and Sc^(3+).The emission wavelength of YAG:Ce^(3+) prepared from SPS(425-700 nm) was wider compared to that of YAG:Ce^(3+) prepared from high-temperature solid-state reaction(HSSR)(500-700 nm).The incorporation of low-dose Sc^(3+) in YAG:Ce^(3+) moved the emission peak towards the short wavelength.

Effect of La_2O_3 on microstructure and high-temperature wear property of hot-press sintering FeAl intermetallic compound

FeAl intermetallic compound with different contents of rare earth oxide La2O3 addition was prepared by hot pressing the mechanically alloyed powders.Effect of La2O3 on microstructure and high-temperature wear property of the sintered FeAl samples was investigated in this paper.The results showed that 1 wt.% La2O3 addition could refine the microstructure and increase the density of the FeAl intermetallic compound,and correspondingly improved the high-temperature wear resistance.SEM and EDS analyses of the wo...

Preparation of ZrB_2 Ceramics by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis and Hot Pressing Sintering

ZrB2 ceramics were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis（SHS） and were sintered by hot pressing（HP）.The effects of the granularities and doses of raw materials in Zr-B2O3-Mgon SHS process and product were investigated.XRD and combustion temperature curves prove that the ideal SHS reactants of Zr-B2O3-Mg are 50μm Zr powder,75μm B2O3 powder and 400μm Mg powder with 45% excessive.The particle sizes of SHS product,acid-leached product,sintered product are 2-5μm,0.5-2μm,2-10μm respectively.Chemical analysis indicates that the acid-leached product consists of ZrB2（94.59%）,ZrO2（3.87%）,and H3BO3（1.54%）,The sintered product has a relative density of 95.4%.

Influence of Sintering Temperature on the Structure and High-temperature Discharge Performance of Li Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3)O_2 Cathode Materials

Layered cathode materials of high-temperature lithium batteries, Li Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 are synthesized by a sol-gel method with variation in final sintering temperature for borehole applications. The structure, morphology and high-temperature discharge performance of these resulting products are investigated by X-Ray Diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), laser particle size analysis, galvanostatic and pulse discharge. The results of structural analysis indicate that the sample sintered at 800 ℃ has the characteristics of good crystallinity, narrow size distribution and large specific surface area at the same time. The discharge experiments also indicate that this sample has the best electrochemical properties, with the maximum discharge capacities of 314.57 and 434.14 m Ah·g-1 at 200 and 300 ℃ respectively and the minimum cell internal resistances at both temperatures.

Comparative study of β-Si_3N_4 powders prepared by SHS sintered by spark plasma sintering and hot pressing

β-Si3N4 powders prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis （SHS） with additions of Y2O3 and Al2O3 were sintered by spark plasma sintering （SPS）. The densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties of Si3N4 ceramics prepared using this method were compared with those obtained by hot pressing process. Well densified Si3N4 ceramics with finer and homogeneous microstructure and better mechanical properties were obtained in the case of the SPS technique at 200°C lower than that of hot pressing. The microhardness is 15.72 GPa, the bending strength is 716.46 MPa, and the fracture toughness is 7.03 MPa·m1/2.

Ultrafast high-temperature sintering of high-entropy oxides with refined microstructure and superior lithium-ion storage performance

High-entropy oxides(HEOs)have received significant attention because of their tunable mechanical properties and wide range of functional applications.However,the conventional method used for sintering HEOs requires prolonged processing time,which results in excessive grain growth,thereby compromising their performance.Here,an ultrafast high-temperature sintering(UHS)strategy was adopted,and rock-salt composite(Mg_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.2))O was selected as model materials.Experimental parameters were tuned to illustrate the influence of applied current and soaking time on the densification process and resulting grain size.Additionally,the electrochemical performance of UHS-synthesized microparticles as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries was investigated.The results show that the ultrafast heating rate results in fine grains with a diameter of~6–8μm and density of 95%,which are much smaller and similar to those obtained using the conventional sintering method(25μm and 96%).Moreover,the high surface area and reactivity of the microparticles,as well as their sluggish diffusion effect and structural stability,contribute to outstanding performance with high capacity(336 mA·h/g at 1 A/g)and ultralong cyclability(1000 cycles).This novel technique offers valuable insights into the densification process of HEOs and other materials and can thus broaden their application range.

利用盾构土制备烧结路面砖性能研究

通过对盾构土、污泥以及掏井淤泥原料化学组成分析,制定了以盾构土为主要原料、污泥和掏井淤泥为掺加原料的多种配料方案,探索了制备烧结砖的各工艺参数,并系统研究了外观质量和尺寸偏差、吸水率、抗压强度及重金属浸出对烧结砖性能的影响。实验表明,在水分4%、成型压力30 MPa、烧成温度1080℃、保温1 h时,配比为14%污泥、6%掏井淤泥、80%盾构土性能较好,烧结路面砖抗压强度满足规范要求;污泥或掏井淤泥掺量一定时,烧结砖吸水率随烧结温度和烧结保温时长的增加而逐渐降低;抗压强度随烧结温度和烧结保温时长的增加而增加;对掺加污泥31%的烧结砖进行重金属浸出检测,重金属检测值远小于规范限值。

Sintering behavior of aluminum nitride powder prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method

Fully dense aluminum nitride(AIN) ceramics were synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS) method using AIN powder as raw material with Y2O3additive. The sintering behavior was studied at different sintering temperatures and additive contents. The change of phase compositions, secondary phase distributions and grain morphologies during sintering process were investigated. It is shown that fully dense ceramics using AIN powder prepared by SHS method can be obtained when the sintering temperature is above 1830 ℃. Both Y2O3content and sintering temperature have an important influence on the formation of Y-Al-O phase and grain shape. When Y2O3content is identified, the grain morphology converts from polyhedron into sphere-like shape with the rise of sintering temperature. At a certain sintering temperature,the grain size decreases with the increase in Y2O3content. The influencing mechanisms of different YAl-O secondary phases and sintering temperatures on the grain size and morphology were also discussed based on the experimental results.

Thermal fatigue behaviors of SiC power module by Ag sinter joining under harsh thermal shock test

The excellent properties of SiC bring new challenges for the device packaging.In this study,the bonding strength,fracture behaviors and microstructural evolution of micron-porous Ag joint were elevated during thermal cycling(–50 ℃–250 ℃) in SiC/DBC(direct bonding copper) die attachment structure for different time.During harsh thermal shock test,the strength of sintered joint deceased gradually with the increase of cycling number,and the value just was half of the value of as-sintered after 1 000 cycles.Coarsening of Ag grains was observed in micron-porous joint with the structure inhomogeneity and defects increasing,which were the reasons of the strength decease.In addition,it was also found that the fracture behavior of sintered joints was changed from ductile deformation of Ag grain to brittle fracture of crack propagation after 1 000 cycles.This study will add the understanding in the mechanical properties of Ag sinter joining and its applications at high temperature.

Determination method of high-temperature characteristics of iron-ore sintering based on n(Fe2O3)/n(CaO)

The high-temperature characteristics of iron ores play important roles in optimizing ore proportion of sintering,which are tested by using iron-ore fines and analytical reagent CaO as raw materials.Two calculation methods of CaO addition amount based on binary basicity(basicity method)and n(Fe2O3)/n(CaO)(mole ratio method),respectively,were employed to evaluate the liquid phase fluidity(LPF)and the capability of calcium ferrite formation(CCFF)of iron ores.The results show that the rule of LPF of iron ores under the mole ratio method is different from that with basicity method.The LPF measured by basicity method has a linear positive correlation with the SiO2 content,and there is no linear relationship between LPF and Al2O3 content or mass loss on ignition,which are inconsistent with the results of the previous study.And the results of CCFF with low SiO2 content(<3 wt.%)or high SiO2 content(>7 wt.%)based on basicity method cannot reflect the true CCFF.The mole ratio method could successfully solve this problem by reducing the effect of CaO addition amount changes caused by SiO2 content of iron ores.

IR-transparent MgO-Gd_(2)O_(3) composite ceramics produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and spark plasma sintering

A glycine–nitrate self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS)was developed to produce composite MgO-Gd_(2)O_(3) nanopowders.The X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)analysis confirmed the SHS-product consists of cubic MgO and Gd_(2)O_(3) phases with nanometer crystallite size and retains this structure after annealing at temperatures up to 1200℃.Near full dense high IR-transparent composite ceramics were fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at 1140℃and 60 MPa.The in-line transmittance of 1 mm thick MgO-Gd_(2)O_(3) ceramics exceeded 70%in the range of 4–5 mm and reached a maximum of 77%at a wavelength of 5.3 mm.The measured microhardness HV0.5 of the MgO-Gd2O3 ceramics is 9.5±0.4 GPa,while the fracture toughness(KIC)amounted to 2.0±0.5МPa·m1/2.These characteristics demonstrate that obtained composite MgO-Gd_(2)O_(3) ceramic is a promising material for protective infra-red(IR)windows.

Preparation and Thermal Shock Resistance of Mullite Ceramics for High Temperature Solar Thermal Storage

Mullite thermal storage ceramics were prepared by low-cost calcined bauxite and kaolin.The phase composition,microstructure,high temperature resistance and thermophysical properties were characterized by modern testing techniques.The experimental results indicate that sample A3(bauxite/kaolin ratio of 5:5)sintered at 1620℃has the optimum comprehensive properties,with bulk density of 2.83 g·cm^(-3)and bending strength of 155.44 MPa.After 30 thermal shocks(1000℃-room temperature,air cooling),the bending strength of sample A3 increases to 166.15 MPa with an enhancement rate of 6.89%,the corresponding thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are 3.54 W·(m·K)^(-1)and 1.39 kJ·(kg·K)^(-1)at 800℃,and the thermal storage density is 1096 kJ·kg^(-1)(25-800 mullite ceramics;sintering properties;high-temperature thermal storage;thermal shock resistance).Mullite forms a dense and continuous interlaced network microstructure,which endows the samples high thermal storage density and high bending strength,but the decrease of bauxite/kaolin ratio leads to the decrease of mullite content,which reduces the properties of the samples.

Brief Review of Silver Sinter-bonding Processing for Packaging High-temperature Power Devices

Silver sintering is receiving increasing attention due to its novel die-attach technique for high-temperature power electronics.Excellent thermal conductivity,high melting point/remelting temperature and low-temperature sintering behaviors of the silver sintered attachment meet the requirements of high-temperature applications for power devices,specifically SiC devices.The merits and demerits of the existing pressure-assisted sintering and pressure-less sintering techniques using nano-scale,micro-scale and micro-nano-scale hybrid silver sintered materials are separately presented.The emerging rapid sintering approaches,such as the electric-assisted approach,are briefly introduced and the technical outlook is provided.In addition,the study highlights the importance of creating a brief resource guide on using the correct sintering methods.

氮化铝高温隧道烧结炉截面加热单元温度均匀性研究

建立氮化铝高温隧道烧结炉体截面加热单元仿真模型,针对加热器不同分布情况对温度场的影响进行分析计算,结果表明,在基片载盘两侧与上部布置发热体时基片载盘截面具有更好的加热均匀性。该加热器分布方式在实际研制设备上也取得了较好的截面温度均匀性。

多层烧结金属丝网在风洞中的应用

在跨超声速风洞中常采用在稳定段上游安装阻性消声器或谐振腔式消声器来降低暂冲式风洞主回路的主调压阀门、引射器或连续式风洞的压缩机等驱动风洞的动力源所产生的气流噪声强度,达到抑制这些噪声下传影响风洞试验段流场动态品质的效果。随着技术的不断更新特别是降噪技术的不断发展,采用多层烧结金属丝网作为一种新型的消声装置代替原有消声器成为可能。针对这种新技术是否能达到降低风洞气流噪声强度的目的,开展了试验研究方法,通过引导性试验证明,采用多层烧结金属丝网的消声效果优于常规的消声器,且出口气流品质得到较大改善,湍流度大幅度降低,可将这一技术运用到某超声速风洞中。通过性能测试,达到了预期目的,拓展了风洞的降噪技术。

超硬材料行业技术发展现状与展望

最近几年,超硬材料行业技术进步可圈可点,如金刚石大单晶、隧道窖无压烧结技术、组锯、精密加工金刚石工具、整体PcBN、NPD等,其它产品也稳中有进。未来超硬材料行业将进入稳定发展格局,既要发展高端制品,又要开拓超硬制品应用新领域,扩大在精密加工、手机背板陶瓷材料、人造石、工程机械、石墨烯等领域的应用,同时要增强超硬材料在功能应用方向开发并重视产品细节,加强质量控制。整个行业要加强基础性研究和实施创新战略,并要联合攻关,加强运作和宣传,以实现我国超硬材料及制品由大国向强国的转变。

隧道窑反应烧结合成铁铝尖晶石

以工业氧化铝、铁磷铝钙石、石墨粉为原料,隧道窑内反应烧结合成铁铝尖晶石。研究了窑炉气氛、煅烧温度、保温时间对合成铁铝尖晶石的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)表征合成试样的物相,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察和分析合成试样的形貌和分布。结果表明:隧道窑内反应烧结合成高纯度铁铝尖晶石的最佳条件是窑炉气氛V(O_2)∶V(CO)为0.3,煅烧温度为1540℃,保温时间为5 h。在最佳条件下合成的铁铝尖晶石结晶性好、外形规则,粒径约为6μm,含量可达到98.26%。

金属烧结丝网在内场消声中的应用

利用试验手段研究暂冲式风洞稳定段内安装不同规格烧结金属丝网对风洞上游控制阀后气流噪声和湍流度抑制作用。试验结果表明:多层金属烧结丝网可在全频段内大幅度降低上游气流的噪声,最大可达21 dB;消声量与金属烧结丝网无量纲的压力损失系数成正比,压力降与金属烧结丝网层数呈现出非线性叠加的结果。另外发现烧结金属烧结丝网对气流速度脉动亦具有突出的抑制效果。例如,试验段马赫数Ma=1:5时,120目26层+160目26层组合烧结金属丝网出口气流速压脉动幅值减小为入口来流的18%,湍流度由11.7%降至3%。因此金属烧结丝网适合于暂冲式风洞的内场降噪。

烧结砖隧道窑特性及共处置危险废物潜力的研究

本文就我国有关危险废物的管理现状和烧结砖行业现状作了简要介绍,在对烧结砖隧道窑的温度、压力、烟气等特性进行研究的基础上,结合我国对危险废物处置要求,提出了对隧道窑的改进建议。