基于广义Hille引理及扰动想法之下的一种非参数回归方法

近几十年来,非参数回归的研究方兴未艾.针对Fan(1992,1993,2003)局部核函数法的2个缺陷,该文基于广Hille引理及扰动思想提出了一种新的回归方法,新的回归估计量具有逐点一致性及最优渐进均方误差.该文还利用CV技术及ISE标准对该回归估计的光滑参数进行最优筛选,模拟结果表明:与Fan(1992,1993,2003)中的方法相比,在大样本下该文所提出回归方法有更佳估计效果.

Hille-Yosida算子的无界扰动与一类抽象边值问题的适定性

设A是Banach空间E上的Hille-Yosida算子,B是E上的无界算子,本文证明了B满足一定条件时A+B仍是E上的Hille-Yosida算子,从而给出了当ψ是无界算子时抽象边值问题.f(t)=Amf(t),t≥0Lf(t)=ψf(t),t≥0f(0)=f0的适定性一种判别方法.

一类含Hille-Yosida算子的Volterra积分微分方程的解

目的研究一类含Hille-Yosida算子的Volterra积分微分方程严格解的存在性和唯一性。方法使用抽象Cauchy问题的结论和压缩映象原理。

含Hille-Yosida算子的一类半线性Cauchy问题的反周期mild解（英文）

在本文中,利用外推法和Banach压缩映射原理,我们证明了Banach空间中带非稠定域的一类含Hille-Yosida算子的半线性Cauchy问题反周期mild解的存在性.此外,给出一个例子来验证我们的定理.、、半对偶化模,n-C-Gorenstein环。

评介E.Hille著《分析》

Einur Hille 1894,美国数学家。曾在纽约、芝加哥等大学任教,写作该书时为Yalle大学教授,主要工作是泛函分析和半群,主要著作为与R.Phillips合著的《泛函分析和半群》。

HILLE轧机液压系统故障分析与改进

详细分析了HILLE轧机液压系统故障产生的原因及设计缺陷 ,并对该设备进行了成功地改造 ,实践证明保证液压伺服系统油源在运行过程中的清洁度是该轧机连续可靠运行的关键。

Biodiversity metrics on ecological networks: Demonstrated with animal gastrointestinal microbiomes

Biodiversity has become a terminology familiar to virtually every citizen in modern societies.It is said that ecology studies the economy of nature,and economy studies the ecology of humans;then measuring biodiversity should be similar with measuring national wealth.Indeed,there have been many parallels between ecology and economics,actually beyond analogies.For example,arguably the second most widely used biodiversity metric,Simpson(1949)’s diversity index,is a function of familiar Gini-index in economics.One of the biggest challenges has been the high“diversity”of diversity indexes due to their excessive“speciation”-there are so many indexes,similar to each country’s sovereign currency-leaving confused diversity practitioners in dilemma.In 1973,Hill introduced the concept of“numbers equivalent”,which is based on Renyi entropy and originated in economics,but possibly due to his abstruse interpretation of the concept,his message was not widely received by ecologists until nearly four decades later.What Hill suggested was similar to link the US dollar to gold at the rate of$35 per ounce under the Bretton Woods system.The Hill numbers now are considered most appropriate biodiversity metrics system,unifying Shannon,Simpson and other diversity indexes.Here,we approach to another paradigmatic shift-measuring biodiversity on ecological networks-demonstrated with animal gastrointestinal microbiomes representing four major invertebrate classes and all six vertebrate classes.The network diversity can reveal the diversity of species interactions,which is a necessary step for understanding the spatial and temporal structures and dynamics of biodiversity across environmental gradients.

Seedling potential of trees species along the elevational gradient in temperate hill forest of central Nepal

Regeneration status of tree species along elevation gradient in temperate hill forest was not understood greatly.Present research examined the tree diversity and its regeneration patterns along an elevation gradient in temperate hill forest,central Nepal.Data were collected from 300 sample plots within vertical elevation bands of 10,ranging from 1365 to 2450 m asl.A random sampling method was used for data collection in three seasons,winter,pre-monsoon and post monsoon seasons.Diameter at breast height(DBH)was used to broadly categorize the plant individual into trees,saplings and seedlings.The tree species richness ranged from 12 to 25 with density of 350 to 1200 individuals per hectare.Species richness of tree and sapling showed statistically significant unimodal pattern,which peaked at mid-elevation.Elevation showed a strong and positive linear correlation with the seedling density(Deviance=0.99,p<0.001)and a significant hump-shaped relationship with sapling density(Deviance=0.95,p<0.001).Similarly,elevations showed a statistically significant negative hump-shaped relationship with all trees,saplings and seedling stages(Deviances=0.89,0.87 and 0.57).The highest values of the Shannon-Wiener index and the lowest value of the Simpson index were found at mid-elevation for all growth forms.Nearly 92%of tree species were found at regenerating stage;49%in a good renewal regeneration status,32%in fair renewal regeneration,and 11%at a poor regenerating condition.Nevertheless,4%of tree species were reported as non-regenerating stages and 4%were newly introduced species.Hence,the regeneration status of the study area was considered fairly well since sapling(78.5%)>seedling(10.6%)≤mature(10.9%).Among tested environmental variables,elevation and annual mean rainfall were the most influential factors in the regeneration of tree species.

Thermal and exhumation history of the Songnan Low Uplift,Qiongdongnan Basin:constraints from the apatite fission-track and zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronology

Significant advancements have been made in the study of Mesozoic granite buried hills in the Songnan Low Uplift(SNLU)of the Qiongdongnan Basin.These findings indicate that the bedrock buried hills in this basin hold great potential for exploration.Borehole samples taken from the granite buried hills in the SNLU were analyzed using apatite fission track(AFT)and zircon(U-Th)/He data to unravel the thermal history of the basement rock.This information is crucial for understanding the processes of exhumation and alteration that occurred after its formation.Thermal modeling of a sample from the western bulge of the SNLU revealed a prolonged cooling event from the late Mesozoic to the Oligocene period(~80-23.8 Ma),followed by a heating stage from the Miocene epoch until the present(~23.8 Ma to present).In contrast,the sample from the eastern bulge experienced a more complex thermal history.It underwent two cooling stages during the late Mesozoic to late Eocene period(~80-36.4 Ma)and the late Oligocene period(~30-23.8 Ma),interspersed with two heating phases during the late Eocene to early Oligocene period(~36.4-30 Ma)and the Miocene epoch to recent times(~23.8-0 Ma),respectively.The differences in exhumation histories between the western and eastern bulges during the late Eocene to Oligocene period in the SNLU can likely be attributed to differences in fault activity.Unlike typical passive continental margin basins,the SNLU has experienced accelerated subsidence after the rifting phase,which began around 5.2 Ma ago.The possible mechanism for this abnormal post-rifting subsidence may be the decay or movement of the deep thermal source and the rapid cooling of the asthenosphere.Long-term and multi-episodic cooling and exhumation processes play a key role in the alteration of bedrock and contribute to the formation of reservoirs.On the other hand,rapid post-rifting subsidence(sedimentation)promotes the formation of cap rocks.

生境数量和生境质量以及气象因子对成都市粪食性金龟物种多样性的影响

城市化是最具破坏性的土地利用形式之一,其带来的环境变化常导致生物多样性下降。探究环境因子(生境数量、生境质量、气象因子)对环境指示生物粪食性金龟物种多样性的影响对城市生物多样性保护具有重要意义。于2021年7月和9月在成都市不同城市化梯度(城区、近郊、远郊)内选取3种生境类型(林地、灌丛、草地)共18个样地,采用诱罐法采集粪食性金龟。结果表明,1)共采集粪食性金龟5属8种1149头,隶属于同一行为类型(直接掘洞型),且多为小体型(体长<13.0 mm)。嗡蜣螂属(Onthophagus)是研究区域的优势属(4种,1066头),巴氏驼嗡蜣螂(Onthophagus balthasari)总个体数最多(667头)。2)回归分析结果显示,生境数量和生境质量均能显著影响粪食性金龟物种多样性,但气象因子影响不显著。粪食性金龟总个体数与林地面积、灌丛面积显著正相关(p<0.05);物种丰富度与灌丛面积显著正相关(p<0.05);Hill-Shannon多样性与灌丛面积、草地面积、归一化植被指数(NDVI)显著正相关(p<0.05);Hill-Shannon均匀度与灌丛面积显著负相关(p<0.05)。3)基于Akaike信息量准则(AIC)和方差分解分析(Variance Partitioning Analysis)结果显示,生境数量解释粪食性金龟物种多样性相对重要性最高,对总个体数、物种丰富度、Hill-Shannon均匀度的独立效应最高,分别为21.3%、17.8%、15.6%。综上,灌丛面积、林地面积、草地面积、NDVI是影响粪食性金龟物种多样性的关键因子,生境数量相比于生境质量和气象因子更能影响其物种多样性。合理规划城市植被覆盖面积以及保护现有植被质量是保护粪食性金龟物种多样性的有效措施。

Conditions for the enrichment of karst hydrothermal resources in Bohai Bay Basin

Drilling for karst hydrothermal resources in eastern China has posed challenges,including disparities between the temperature and yield of geothermal water.It is evident that relying solely on geothermal anomalies or indications of karst reservoirs is inadequate for the exploration of karst hydrothermal resources.This study seeks to elucidate the cause of geothermal sweet spots by analyzing the interplay between geothermal anomalies and karst reservoirs and the underlying geological conditions for karst hydrothermal enrichment.Key findings include:(1)the Bohai Bay Basin has been geologically favorable for the development of karst hydrothermal resources since the Mesozoic era;(2)the karst hydrothermal enrichment varies significantly between the basin’s margin and its interior.On the basin margin,the enrichment is largely driven by groundwater activity and faults,particularly where faults facilitate the upwelling of geothermal water.In contrast,within the basin’s interior,karst hydrothermal resources are predominantly influenced by buried hills and are especially enriched in areas facilitating the discharge of deep geothermal waters.

随机分布非椭球夹杂压电复合材料变分上下界

压电复合材料因其具有高机电耦合系数和压电常数及低密度和高声阻抗,被广泛应用于水声工程、医学和超声检测的领域.人们通过预测压电复合材料有效模量界限可以更好地优化压电复合材料的结构。目前,对于压电复合材料有效模量上下界的研究普遍集中于包含椭球形夹杂的压电复合材料,而对于非椭球形夹杂的压电复合材料研究甚少.本文在传统的Hashin-Shtrikman变分上下界方法的基础上,利用体现夹杂物分布特性及形状的微结构参数,求解横观各向同性压电复合材料有效模量的上下界.该方法适用于任意形状夹杂:当椭球域与椭球形夹杂形状相同时,该方法与传统的压电复合材料Hashi-Shtrikman上下界方法一致.当椭球域与椭球形夹杂物形状不同且夹杂含量较低时,本方法所得到的部分有效模量的上下界更紧凑.此外,本文计算了横观各向同性的压电基体含正方体夹杂的复合材料有效模量上下界,结果表明材料整体表现为横观各向同性且与椭球形夹杂时的有效模量上下界差异较小,本文建立了考虑夹杂物分布和夹杂物形状的压电复合材料上下界的计算方法,对压电复合材料的研究有一定的参考价值。

The Criteria for Reducing Centrally Restricted Three-Body Problem to Two-Body Problem

Our Solar System contains eight planets and their respective natural satellites excepting the inner two planets Mercury and Venus. A satellite hosted by a given Planet is well protected by the gravitational pertubation of much heavier planets such as Jupiter and Saturn if the natural satellite lies deep inside the respective host Planet Hill sphere. Each planet has a Hill radius aH and planet mean radius RP and the ratio R1=RP/aH. Under very low R1 (less than 0.006) the approximation of CRTBP (centrally restricted three-body problem) to two-body problem is valid and planet has spacious Hill lobe to capture a satellite and retain it. This ensures a high probability of capture of natural satellite by the given planet and Sun’s perturbation on Planet-Satellite binary can be neglected. This is the case with Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and Uranus. But Mercury and Venus has R1=RP/aH =0.01 and 5.9862 × 10-3 respectively hence they have no satellites. There is a limit to the dimension of the captured body. It must be a much smaller body both dimensionally as well masswise. The qantitative limit is a subject of an independent study.

Evaluating the Association between Human Papillomavirus and Vulvar Cancer:A Comprehensive Analysis Using Bradford Hill Criteria

Background:The role of human papillomavirus(HPV)in the development of vulvar cancer(VC)has been widely studied,but findings have been inconsistent.Despite numerous meta-analyses exploring the potential link between HPV and VC,the association remains controversial due to inherent limitations in meta-analytic methods.Objectives:To address this controversy,the study aims to investigate the potential link between HPV and VC using the Bradford Hill criteria,which offer a more comprehensive framework for establishing causation.Methodology:The study began by extracting all relevant studies on the association between HPV and VC from the PubMed database.The potential links were then assessed by examining the data using the major postulates of the Bradford Hill criteria.To ensure the reliability of the findings,the methodologies of the identified studies were critically evaluated to account for possible false-negative and false-positive results.Results:The assessment of previous studies against the Bradford Hill criteria revealed that the major postulates were not fulfilled.Conclusion:Based on the findings,it can concluded that there is no causal association between HPV and VC.

OSCILLATION OF A CLASS OF HILLE EQUATION

This paper studies a class of Hille equation. A formula for solutions of a class of Hille equation is given. Under some suitable conditions the oscillation and nonoscillation of a class of Hille equation are established. Our results generalize the known Hille＇s ones.

基于人体动力学分析的下肢外骨骼助力设计及机构优化

为设计助力效果良好的被动式下肢外骨骼,基于对人体行走的运动和力学特征以及相关主要肌群的力学表现的分析,提出了一种下肢外骨骼优化设计方法。通过开展人体行走实验,获取人体运动学信息和足底反力,并将其用于驱动Anybody仿真,从而得到人体行走过程中下肢肌肉的力学数据。借助Hill肌肉模型建立人体矢状面内的髋关节肌肉-肌腱-骨骼简化模型,并在该模型中添加虚拟扭簧以模拟助力外骨骼的作用,形成人体-外骨骼一体化模型。在此基础上,对穿戴助力外骨骼行走时的人机交互力以及穿戴者的肌肉激活情况进行量化分析。建立以扭簧刚度为变量的肌肉激活程度、代谢能计算模型,并以代谢能最低为目标,利用粒子群算法对虚拟扭簧的刚度进行优化以获得最优值。据此,提出髋关节助力外骨骼机构设计方案,并以机构的辅助力矩与虚拟扭簧力矩差值最小为目标进行优化,得到机构中拉簧刚度和各个连杆尺寸的最优值,作为外骨骼机构设计参数。同时,制作髋关节助力外骨骼样机并开展助力行走实验。结果表明,穿戴该助力外骨骼行走时人体代谢能降低效果显著。研究方法可为其他下肢外骨骼的设计和分析提供借鉴。

基于Hill肌肉模型的仿袋鼠腿悬架控制特性研究

为进一步改善车辆悬架的控制性能,采用仿生设计思想,提出一种基于Hill肌肉模型的仿袋鼠腿悬架(下称仿生悬架)。设计了该悬架的Fuzzy、Fuzzy-PID控制器,并采用ADAMS和Simulink联合仿真对其控制特性开展研究。研究发现:①冲击路面下,相对于被动悬架,Fuzzy控制和Fuzzy-PID控制下的车身位移和车身加速度分别下降了54%、58%和92%、93%,悬架抗冲击性能明显改善。②随机路面下,随着路面等级和车速的增加,Fuzzy控制和Fuzzy-PID控制均可有效改善悬架的控制性能;相对于被动悬架,主动控制下的悬架表现出更加优异的缓冲隔振性能、路面适应性及稳定性;主动控制下的车身加速度传递率(8.8%~1%)呈下降趋势且数值较小,轮胎动位移(0.19~3.92)mm及其传递率(8.1%~10.5%)呈上升趋势,但数值及变化较小。③冲击路面和随机路面下,相较于Fuzzy控制,Fuzzy-PID控制下的悬架特性更优。上述结果表明,基于Hill肌肉模型的仿生悬架具有良好的控制特性,验证了该仿生思路和控制方法的正确性和有效性。

基于肌球蛋白粗丝力学感知效应的Hill特性式理论研究

粗丝的机械力学感知效应对于理解肌肉收缩的内在机制具有非常重要的作用。Hill特性式是描述肌肉收缩中负荷与速度关系的经验表达式,对其理论机制的研究中缺乏对粗丝力学感知效应的考虑。本文以肌肉收缩的滑行理论为依据,考虑粗丝的力学感知效应,建立肌球蛋白与肌动蛋白丝结合的数量与粗丝承受外力的关系模型,从肌肉收缩过程中肌肉内部力的平衡角度出发,推导出肌肉收缩过程中负荷与收缩速度之间的关系即Hill特性式。结果显示理论关系式与Hill特性式完全一致,说明了肌球蛋白的力学感知效应模型的合理性,为揭示肌肉收缩的力与速度关系的潜在机制提供新的视角。

Determining safe yield and mapping water level zoning in groundwater resources of the Neishabour Plain

Groundwater is a crucial sources of water supply,especially in arid and semi-arid areas around the world.With uncontrolled withdrawals and limited availability of these resources,it is essential to determine the safe yield of these valuable resources.The Hill method approach was used in this study to determine the safe yield the Neishabour aquifer in Khorasan Razvi province in Iran.The results showed that the safe yield in the Neishabour aquifer is 60%lower than the current pumping amounts during the study period,indicating that further overdrafts could result in the destruction of this aquifer.This highlights the importance of using the Hill method to estimate the permitted exploitation from other aquifers,thus preventing problems caused by over-extraction and maintaining stability of global groundwater levels.

Influence of slope position and aspect on the vegetation attributes and treewater relations in forests of the central Himalayas

While the need for understanding the effects of topographical factors on forest structure and function is well recognized,comprehensive studies are scarce.This study evaluates the effect of slope aspect and slope position on water relations and forest attributes across six forest types occurring between 400 m and 2600 m altitude in the Central Himalaya(27°-38°N).We found that predawn tree water potential and soil water potential were generally higher on moist north slope aspect(-0.78±0.05 MPa and-3.34±0.18 MPa,respectively)than dry south slope aspect(-0.82±0.18 MPa and-3.77±0.18 MPa,respectively).Across six different forests,these values were higher at hill base(-0.71±0.06 MPa and-2.77±0.19 MPa,tree predawn water potential and soil water potential,respectively)than other topographical positions.The favorable effect of north aspect and hill base was also observed in maintaining soil water and tree water potential during the dry season.Vegetation attributes,such as species richness,unique species and plant density were also generally higher on north slope and hill base than southern aspect and lowest at hill top.Across forest types,the hill base provided shelter to 46 unique species,compared to 16-18 at the other positions,thus emphasizing its importance as refugia for species to survive climate change induced perturbations.The favorable conditions of hill base position not only contribute to increase in alpha diversity,but also to extended species distributional range.