Hip Arthroscopy in Children under the Age of Ten

Arthroscopic hip surgery has become an established diagnostic and therapeutic method for addressing different hip pathologies. This paper focuses on hip arthroscopy for treating hip disorders in children under the age of 10. Arthroscopic hip surgery was performed 30 times on 24 children to address various hip pathologies. Indications were septic arthritis, benign soft tissue tumors, traumatic and congenital hip dislocation, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and osteochondroma of the acetabulum. Diagnostic arthroscopy was technically feasible in all cases. All cases of septic arthritis were successful treated using arthroscopic lavage and antibiotics. In the miscellaneous cases (benign fibrous tumor, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, osteochondroma congenital hip dislocations and traumatic hip dislocation) 4 hips had additional open surgery including surgical dislocation with synovectomy, open reduction and stabilization of the fractured posterior rim of the acetabulum, acetabulopasty and open resection of an osteochondroma with acetabuloplasty. In conclusion arthroscopic hip surgery is an additional diagnostic and therapeutic method that is suitable for treating different hip pathologies in children under the age of 10. Primary treatment of septic arthritis can be done easy by hip arthroscopy. Using cannulated mini arthroscopic hip instruments (2.7 mm), the range of application can be expanded to include treatment of very young infants. Hip arthroscopy can reduce the need of open surgery but cannot replace bony procedures in hip surgery.

A Retrospective Study of Anesthetic Considerations in Hip Arthroscopy: Regional versus General

Purpose: Hip arthroscopy is a surgery with favorable outcomes to treat labral tears of the hip. This retrospective review was conducted to identify an optimal anesthetic technique for hip arthroscopy to minimize postoperative pain and decrease opioid consumption. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 92 patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with labral tear under general anesthesia (G) with fascia-iliaca block (64 patients) or regional anesthesia (R) with fascia-iliaca block (28 patients) from March 9, 2016 to April 9, 2018. Data collected included: demographics, diagnosis, ASA status, time in surgery, medications administered, type of anesthesia administered, pain scores, use of straight catheter, and time in PACU. Results: Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy under regional anesthesia reported significantly less first (G: 3.4 (3.9), R: 1.3 (3.0), p = 0.0085) and average (G: 3.8 (2.5), R: 2.0 (2.2), p = 0.0038) pain post-operatively. Patients under regional anesthesia also received less total morphine milligram equivalents (MME) intraoperatively and post-operatively (G: 40.8 (21.7) MME, R: 24.9 (17.8), p = 0.004 MME). Patients under regional anesthesia had a significantly higher incidence of urinary retention (G: 3.1%, R: 28.6%, p = 0.009) and increased time spent in PACU (G = 181.9 (86.3), R: 251.4 (80.4), p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The administration of regional anesthesia resulted in significantly lower pain scores and perioperative opioid consumption compared to general anesthesia in patients undergoing hip. This may be the optimal anesthetic technique for pain control;however, incidence of urinary retention and time to discharge are significantly increased. Prospective randomized control trials are needed to compare general anesthesia and regional anesthesia for hip arthroscopy.

Pain in Non-Athlete Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement and Hip Labral Tears: A Longitudinal Study

Background: Pain in patients with orthopedic problems is an important aspect of surgical evaluation. However, the effect on the quality of life depends not only on the degree of pain but also on its type. Hip arthroscopy has been performed for hip joint symptoms caused by femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and hip labrum tears. However, the degree and type of pain after hip arthroscopy remains unknown. Objective: This study aimed to clarify the degree and type of pain during 6 months after hip arthroscopy. Methods: Non-athlete patients aged 20 - 65 years who underwent hip arthroscopy between December 2018 and October 2019 participated in a questionnaire survey before hospitalization and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The questionnaire comprised the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip-Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) for quality of life, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for activities, and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) for pain. Results: The analysis included 10 patients (men: 4, women: 6, mean age: 38 ± 8.6 years, FAI: 6 cases, hip labrum tears: 4 cases). The average time from symptom onset to surgery was 26.9 ± 19.0 months. The analysis from before surgery to 6 months after surgery showed improvement over time in all scale scores (JHEQ, IPAQ, and SF-MPQ-2). The degree of pain was significantly improved based on the JHEQ visual analog scale evaluation (P = 0.019) 3 months after surgery. Significant improvement in intermittent pain (P = 0.011) based on SF-MPQ-2 was noted 3 months after surgery;however, no significant improvement in continuous pain was noted. Conclusions: Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy showed significant improvements in the degree of pain and type of intermittent pain from before surgery to 3 months after surgery, however, no change was observed in continuous pain.

Integrity of the hip capsule measured with magnetic resonance imaging after capsular repair or unrepaired capsulotomy in hip arthroscopy

BACKGROUND Current literature shows no clear answer on the question how to manage the capsule after hip arthroscopy.Regarding patient reported outcome measures there seems to be no difference between capsular repair or unrepaired capsulotomy.AIM To evaluate and compare the integrity of the hip capsule measured on a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scan after capsular repair or unrepaired capsulotomy.METHODS A case series study was performed;a random sample of patients included in a trial comparing capsular repair vs unrepaired capsulotomy had a postoperative MRI scan.The presence of a capsular defect and gap size were independently evaluated on MRI.RESULTS A total of 28 patients(29 hips)were included.Patient demographics were comparable between treatment groups.There were 2 capsular defects in the capsular repair group and 7 capsular defects in the unrepaired capsulotomy group(P=0.13).In the group of patients with a defect,median gap sizes at the acetabular side were 5.9 mm(range:2.7-9.0)in the repaired and 8.0 mm(range:4.5-18.0)in the unrepaired group(P=0.462).At the muscular side gap sizes were 6.6 mm(range:4.1-9.0)in the repaired group and 11.5 mm(range:3.0-18.0)in the unrepaired group(P=0.857).The calculated Odds ratio(OR)for having a capsular defect with an increasing lateral center-edge(CE)angle was 1.12(P=0.06).The OR for having a capsular defect is lower in the group of patients that underwent a labral repair with an OR of 0.1(P=0.05).CONCLUSION There is no significant difference in capsular defects between capsular repair or unrepaired capsulotomy.Regarding clinical characteristics our case series shows that a larger CE angle increases the likelihood of a capsular defect and the presence of a labral repair decreases the likelihood of a capsular defect.

Case report of suspected intra-articular infection after total hip arthroplasty using hip arthroscopy technique

Objective: Hip arthroscopy technique application of diagnosis and treatment of suspected intra-articular infection cases after total hip arthroplasty. Methods: After femoral prosthesis side debridement processing thoroughly, we do skin preparation and draping again for exploring intra-articular using hip arthroscopy technique. Results: Though hip arthroscopy we can see a lot of scar hyperplasia and no obvious signs of infection. Conclusion: Minimally invasive techniques of hip arthroscopy can be applied to the detection of intra-articular infection after total hip arthroplasty.

Arthroscopic Debridement and Synovium Resection for Inflammatory Hip Arthritis

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of arthroscopic surgery in inflammatory hip arthritis.Methods A retrospective clinical study was conducted inspecting 40 hips in 36 patients of inflammatory arthritis.There were 17 cases of ankylosing spondylitis,11 cases of rheumatoid arthritis,and 8 cases of psoriatic arthritis.The joints were irrigated and the inflamed tissues were debrided with anthroscopy.The patients were followed up with Harris hip score,Oxford hip score,Visual Analog Scale(VAS),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Statistical analysis was performed using Student t test.Results All of the 36 cases were followed up for 46-103 months,averaging 67.2±8.4 months.Harris and Oxford scores increased from 66.9±12.1 and 69.4±16.4 before operation to 78.4±19.3 and 80.2±18.8 after operation,respectively(P<0.05).VAS score decreased from pre-operative 8.5±2.5 to post-operative 7.2±2.5(P<0.05).All the patients showed improved joint range of motion.MRI revealed alleviation of hip synovitis.The results were classified as excellent in 8 patients,good in 17 patients,fair in 8 patient,and poor in 3 according to Harris hip score.Twenty-seven patients were satisfied with the operative outcomes as they regained normal daily activities.Conclusions Arthroscopy-assisted joint debridement and synovium resection is an effective procedure for hip lesion in inflammatory arthritis.The inflammatory lesion might be thereby controlled and the symptoms be relieved.

Cost-Effective Traction for Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery

The application of traction has enhanced views during arthroscopic shoulder surgery, easing visualization and accurate intervention within the shoulder joint and the subacromial space. Many innovative traction techniques are currently employed, including the use of padded traction equipment attached to boom arms and further, pedal-activated, hydraulic traction equipment. Variations in patient positioning and cost-benefit analysis of the use of traction in both beach chair and lateral decubitus positions have been performed in the literature. We demonstrate the use of readily available, simple and inexpensive resources in the beach chair position, allowing the application of traction with minimal set-up time and complexity. Initial equipment outlay requires a drip stand attached to a clamp at the end of the operating trolley, permitting a hook to be applied to the arm that is attached to traction cord and weights. We minimized the cost of ongoing consumable items per case to include a stockinette and benzoic tincture. The theatre team experiences a short learning curve associated with the ease of reliability and reproducibility of this technique.

Arthroscopic treatment of iliopsoas tendinitis after total hip arthroplasty with acetabular cup malposition: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Optimal treatment for iliopsoas tendinitis after total hip arthroplasty(THA)with cup malposition,iliopsoas release alone or with cup revision,is controversial,particularly in young,active patients.Moreover,arthroscopic iliopsoas tendon(IPT)release in these patients has been rarely described,and midterm effects of this procedure on THA longevity and groin pain recurrence remain unclear.We performed arthroscopic IPT release after THA and report midterm outcomes in two young patients with acetabular cup malposition.CASE SUMMARY In the two patients,groin pain started early after THA.Physical examination revealed nonspecific findings,and laboratory tests showed no evidence of infection.Radiography and computed tomography showed reduced acetabular component anteversion angle and anterior cup prominence of more than 16 mm.For therapeutic diagnosis,ultrasonography-guided lidocaine with steroid was injected into the IPT sheath.In both patients,groin pain improved initially but worsened after a few months.Therefore,the patients underwent arthroscopic IPT release under spinal anesthesia.Arthroscopy revealed synovitis with fibrous tissues around the IPT and various lesions related to the implants after THA.IPT tenotomy and debridement with biopsy were performed;histopathologic studies showed chronic inflammation with synovial hyperplasia.Both patients were encouraged to start walking immediately after surgery,and they returned to complete daily function early after surgery.They experienced no recurrence of groin pain or any implant-related problems 5 years postoperatively.CONCLUSION Arthroscopic IPT release for cup malposition produced excellent midterm outcomes without recurrence of groin pain and implant-related problems.

Intra- and Periarticular Ganglia (Synovial Cysts) of the Hip with Compression of the Obturator Nerve, Concomitant with Lesions of the Ligamentum Teres—A Report of 3 Cases

Background: Synovial cysts of the hip are commonly found in patients with intra- or extraarticular pathologies of the joint. Symptoms are mostly unspecific. To date there are no guidelines for a gold standard of treatment. Aim of this article is to show up how lesions of the ligamentum teres (LT) might possibly lead to a specific formation of synovial cysts of the hip joint and how this can be treated arthroscopically. Methods: This case series included 3 patients with ganglia of the hip. All patients had impingement symptoms, combined with untypical location of pain. All patients qualified for joint preserving surgery and underwent hip arthroscopy with pre- and postoperative MRI imaging. The mean follow-up time was 22 months. Results: MRI imaging showed extensive ganglia, presumably originating from the pelvic root of LT, extending to the obturator lodge. In 2 of 3 cases MRI showed lesions of the LT. Hip arthroscopy revealed damage of the LT in all cases, caused by chronic instability of the joint. The postoperative MRI showed a complete regression of the ganglia in all patients after offset correction. After follow-up, 2 of 3 patients were mostly symptom free. One patient was still suffering from a chronic weakness of the gluteus medius muscle. Conclusion: Whenever unspecific radiating pain of surrounding areas of the hip is encountered and cannot be explained by common pathologies of the hip, possible compression of nerves by ganglion cysts should be excluded. This should be done by MRI arthrography. A partial rupture of the LT can occur during FAI with consecutive formation of ganglia in the obturator canal, compressing the obturator nerve. Primarily the articular pathology needs to be repaired. In our cases, this was feasible by hip arthroscopy, as a minimally invasive and safe technique.

Arthroscopic Treatment of Acetabular Cartilage Lesions in Cam-Type Hip Impingement with Membrane Induced Chondrogenesis versus Microfracturing

We report on a consecutive series of patients with cam type FAI （femoro-acetabular impingement） with acetabular cartilage rim lesions larger than 150 mm2 that were treated with an arthroscopic AMIC （Autologous Matrix Induced Chondrogenesis） procedure and compared these patients to a matched cohort of patients who underwent an arthroscopic microfractufing. The AMIC group consisted 16 patients with a mean age of 34. Mean follow up is 38 months. Sixteen age and sex controlled patients who underwent an arthroscopic microfractufing of a similar size cartilage lesion were used as a comparative study group with a mean follow up of 41 months. No complications and no adverse reactions were seen, and all patients would have the same surgery again. We report 2 failures in the AMIC group with conversion to THR （Total Hip Replacement） at 8 and 36 months, respectively. In the microfracturing group, there were 3 conversions to THR after 12, 14 and 24 months. The HHS （Harris Hip Score） was 96.5 in the AMIC group and 93.5 in the microfracturing group. Patients had significantly less symptomatic synovitis postoperatively in the AMIC group and more athletes could resume their activities to the pre-injury level in this group. In conclusion, AMIC offers promising results in the treatment of cartilage lesions in patients with cam-type FAI.

关节囊切开与髋关节镜分别结合髋臼周围截骨术治疗成人发育性髋关节发育不良的疗效比较

目的:探究关节囊切开与髋关节镜分别结合髋臼周围截骨术治疗成人发育性髋关节发育不良的疗效。方法:回顾分析72例2021年5月至2022年6月入住我院的成人发育性髋关节发育不良患者的临床资料,分为关节囊切开组(n=35)和髋关节镜组(n=37)。对比两组患者的手术情况,术前及术后采用髋骨X线检查测定髋关节情况,采用非骨关节炎髋关节评分(Non-Arthritis Hip Score,NAHS)测定患者关节功能,采用日常生活能力量表(Hip Outcome Score Activity of Daily Living Scale,HOS-ADL)测定患者活动能力,记录患者术后并发症发生情况。结果:两组患者手术情况,术后3 m术后髋关节情况对比均无明显差异(P>0.05),髋关节镜组相较于关节囊切开组术后3 m NAHS、HOS-ADL得分更高,坐骨神经损伤表现发生率明显更低(P<0.05)。结论:髋关节镜截骨术在短期改善成人发育性髋关节不良患者关节功能方面优势明显,可防止坐骨神经损伤。

改良仰卧位牵引架复位PFNA内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的效果研究

目的 研究改良仰卧位牵引架复位防旋股骨近端髓内钉(Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation,PFNA)内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的效果。方法 选取2020年1月—2023年3月盱眙县人民医院收治的109例股骨转子间骨折老年患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组(n=54)和研究组(n=55)。对照组行常规仰卧位牵引床辅助下复位PFNA内固定治疗,研究组行改良仰卧位牵引架复位PFNA内固定治疗。对比两组患者各项临床指标、髋关节功能、并发症发生情况。结果 研究组手术时间[(50.26±7.91)min]短于对照组[(63.81±10.21)min],术中出血量[(75.91±12.57)mL]少于对照组[(125.64±15.27)mL],差异有统计学意义(t=7.754、18.578,P均<0.001)。研究组住院时间[(10.52±2.61)d]短于对照组[(12.03±2.43)d],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组髋关节功能优良率(85.45%)高于对照组(66.66%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生情况对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 改良仰卧位牵引架复位PFNA内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折效果显著,并能够改善患者髋关节功能,同时安全性较高,有较高临床价值。

髋关节镜手术治疗临界型髋关节发育不良的临床疗效

目的:探讨髋关节镜治疗临界型髋关节发育不良并髋臼盂唇损伤的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2019年12月~2021年12月在广东省中医院诊断为临界型髋关节发育不良(borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip,BDDH)并髋臼盂唇损伤行髋关节镜手术的患者共32例,其中男8例、女24例,年龄39.41±16.27岁(18~59岁),平均髋臼外侧中心边缘角(lateral centre-edge angle,LCEA):21.25°±2.96°(18°~25°)。匹配同期的行髋关节镜手术治疗的髋臼股骨撞击症(femoral acetabular impingement,FAI)患者32例作为对照组,男15例、女17例,年龄42.78±12.18岁(24~70岁),平均LCEA:32.97°±4.96°(26°~42°)。所有患者均采用髋关节镜下盂唇修复、头颈区成形、关节囊缝合术治疗。采用改良Harris髋关节评分(mHHS)、体育运动专用髋关节评分(HOS-SSS)、日常活动的髋关节功能评分(HOS-ADL)、视觉模拟评分(VAS),对患者术前、术后3月、术后12月、术后24月进行功能评分测量。结果:BDDH组和FAI组所有病例均获得随访,随访时间分别为27.6±5.4月、28.3±6.5月。FAI组和BDDH组术前m HHS、HOS-SSS、HOS-ADL和VAS评分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后3月、12月、24月时mHHS、HOS-SSS、HOS-ADL评分均较术前明显提高,术后VAS评分均较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在术后3月、12月、24月时BDDH组的m HHS评分均较FAI组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在术后3月时BDDH组的HOS-SSS、HOS-ADL分均较FAI组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其他随访时间点,两组的各项评分指标无统计学差异(P>0.05)。所有患者在随访期间,均未因症状复发而行再次手术治疗。结论:髋关节镜技术治疗临界发育性髋关节发育不良可获得良好的短期疗效。

股骨髋臼撞击综合征患者髋关节镜术后并发髋关节炎的危险因素分析

目的:探讨股骨髋臼撞击(femoro-acetabular impingement,FAI)综合征患者髋关节镜术后并发髋关节炎(hip osteoarthritis,HOA)的危险因素,减少和预防HOA的发生。方法:自2018年9月至2020年9月采用髋关节镜手术治疗106例FAI患者,男40例,女66例;年龄20~55(33.05±10.19)岁;运动伤51例,交通事故伤36例,钝物砸伤19例;病程5~19(12.02±3.69)d。术后随访18个月,根据是否发生HOA将患者分为HOA组23例和无HOA组83例。采用多元Logistic回归分析影响FAI患者髋关节镜术后并发HOA的危险因素。结果:经单因素分析,HOA组年龄50~70岁、女性、身体质量指数>30 kg·m^(-2)、体力劳动、凸轮型、术后并发感染、术后末次随访髋关节关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)及Tonnis分级1级及以上比例均高于无HOA组(P<0.05),相对骨骼肌指数(relative appendicular skeletal muscle index,RASM)低于无HOA组(P<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,凸轮型、身体质量指数>30 kg·m^(-2)、术后末次随访髋关节内旋ROM及Tonnis分级≥1级是FAI患者髋关节镜术后发生HOA的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:FAI分型、身体质量指数、髋部ROM、Tonnis分级均与FAI患者髋关节镜术后并发HOA有关,对高危FAI患者应加强随访和干预,以减少HOA的发生。

复合保温措施对髋关节镜围手术期患者核心体温的影响

目的:探讨髋关节镜围手术期采取多途径复合保温措施对患者核心体温、麻醉复苏时间和术后寒战的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年6月接受髋关节镜下髋臼盂唇修复手术的患者80例并随机分为两组,对照组40例采用常规围手术期护理,观察组40例在此基础上采用以环境升温、液体加温和温毯保温为核心的复合保温措施。通过腋下体温探头监测核心体温,比较两组围手术期核心体温、麻醉复苏时间和术后寒战的差异。结果:观察组术中和术后体温为36.2℃±0.2℃和36.6℃±0.2℃,高于对照组的35.9℃±0.2℃和36.4℃±0.2℃(P<0.001);观察组术中低体温(<36.0℃)的发生率为7.5%,低于对照组的70.0%(P<0.001);两组术前体温无显著差异(P>0.05)。观察组的麻醉复苏时间为27.0(24.0,30.0) min[M(P_(25),P_(75))],短于对照组的30.0(28.0,33.0) min(P<0.001)。观察组术后寒战的发生率为7.5%,低于对照组的25.0%(P=0.034)。结论:在髋关节镜围手术期采取多途径复合保温措施有助于维持患者核心体温,缩短麻醉复苏时间,降低术后寒战发生率。

MRI诊断髋关节撞击综合征中盂唇损伤的临床价值

目的:探究MRI诊断髋关节撞击综合征中盂唇损伤的临床价值.方法:选取2021年4月—2022年9月台山市中医院骨科收治的疑似髋关节撞击综合征患者80例为研究对象,所有患者采用MRI及数字X线摄影(DR)检查.分析髋关节撞击综合征DR及MRI表现,MRI、DR在髋关节撞击综合征盂唇损伤中的诊断价值,以及MRI、DR检查影像在结构损伤中的诊断符合率.结果:MRI诊断髋关节撞击综合征中盂唇损伤准确度及灵敏度均高于DR检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两种检查方法特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).MRI检查及DR检查在不同结构损伤中诊断符合率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:相比于DR检查,MRI在诊断髋关节撞击综合征中盂唇损伤的应用价值更高,具有较高的准确度、灵敏度.

50岁以上髋关节撞击综合征患者关节镜治疗效果临床研究

目的:通过研究50岁以上髋关节撞击综合征(femoroacetabular impingement,FAI)患者关节镜治疗后的临床效果,初步探讨国人中老年髋关节撞击综合征患者的发病规律和治疗方案。方法:回顾性研究2012年5月到2017年5月71例(78例髋)因FAI在我科行关节镜治疗的50岁以上老年患者的临床资料并随访,随访时间6~66月,平均31.78±18.07月。患者关节间隙2 mm以上,髋关节骨关节病T?nnis评分Ⅰ至Ⅱ级,关节镜下进行增生滑膜清理、同时修复损伤盂唇及软骨,磨除股骨头颈部或髋臼增生,去除撞击因素,恢复髋臼和股骨头颈正常形态。术后随访,对比患者术前术后关节隙宽度、Dunn位X线片上的α角的变化和正位X线CE角变化;记录患者术中软骨和盂唇损伤、修复情况和髋关节撞击畸形纠正情况;通过患者术前术后的mHHS评分、VAS评分评估患者疼痛缓解和关节功能恢复情况;并对患者手术满意度、并发症等进行观察。结果:患者的平均年龄为55.15±5.02岁,男23例(27髋),女48例(51髋);年龄50~69岁,左髋33例,右髋45例。患者术前关节隙平均4.81±0.87 mm。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者术前α角50.11±4.75度,术后α角42.72±4.7度,7例髋8.97%的患者α角>55度,40例髋51.28%的患者α角>50度。患者术前CE角36.54±9.14度,术后CE角35.19±8.55度,27例髋34.62%的患者CE角>40度。患者主要临床表现为髋关节疼痛、肿胀,其中36例髋(36/78,46.15%)合并关节绞锁。查体70例髋(70/78,89.74%)存在腹股沟区压痛,髋内收内旋撞击试验(FADIR)阳性75髋(75/78,96.15%),髋外展外旋撞击试验阳性64髋(64/78,83.33%),均以引起髋关节疼痛或活动受限为阳性。术后患者疼痛症状均明显缓解或消失,VAS评分由术前的4.42±1.42分降至末次随访时的1.31±1.28分(P<0.01);髋关节功能恢复明显,mHHS评分由术前的52.4±19.38分提高至末次随访时的81.72±10.82分(P<0.01)。89%的患者mHHs和VAS评分有显著提高(P<0.01)。1例患者(1.28%)在随访期间行髋关节置换术,没有严重并发症。结论:50岁以上没有严重骨关节的患者,髋关节镜清理盂唇损伤和去除股骨髋臼撞击因素后,在绝大多数情况下,髋关节功能明显改善,疼痛明显缓解。

关节镜手术治疗髋关节疾病的临床研究

[目的]研究髋关节镜治疗髋关节疾病的方法、疗效及适应证，探讨关节镜在髋关节疾病中的临床价值。[方法]2001年10月～2007年1月，采用髋关节镜手术治疗103例（129髋）髋关节疾病，其中股骨头坏死50髋；创伤性髋关节炎8髋；髋关节骨性关节炎34髋；色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎9髋；强脊性髋关节炎12髋；慢性滑膜炎6髋；髋关节盂唇损伤6髋；髋关节游离体2髋；不明原因髋痛2髋。根据不同病变情况，镜下采取清理滑膜、咬除或刨削退变的软骨、修整不平的关节面和骨质面、磨除增生的骨赘、软骨下微钻孔减压、咬除并修整损伤盂唇、取出游离体、生理盐水灌洗关节腔等治疗手段。[结果]随访6个月～5年，平均1年10个月，术后Harris评分（85±3．4）分，与术前（49±4．3）分相比显著提高（t=4．18，P〈0．001）。其中，疼痛缓解程度：股骨头坏死为26髋（52．0％），骨性关节炎（包括创伤性髋关节炎）为28髋（66．7％），滑膜炎类病变（包括强直性髋关节炎、色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎和慢性滑膜炎）为20髋（74．0％），髋关节游离体为2髋（100％），盂唇损伤为5髋（83．3％）；关节活动改善程度：股骨头坏死为39髋（78．0％），骨性关节炎为29髋（69．0％），滑膜炎类病变为23髋（85．1％），髋关节游离体和盂唇损伤的功能均达到正常。[结论]髋关节镜对于髋关节滑膜类病变、关节软骨类病变，可达到良好的治疗效果；对于股骨头坏死的治疗必需与其他方法配合使用。髋关节镜作为一种微创手术，具有对关节血运和稳定性破坏小的优势，对于减轻疼痛、改善关节活动功能、延缓关节置换的时间起到了积极的作用。

髋关节镜清理小直径多孔道多方向髓内减压治疗股骨头坏死的价值

[目的]探讨髋关节镜清理术及小直径、多孔道股骨头髓内减压治疗股骨头坏死的疗效。[方法]自1998年2月～2003年10月应用髋关节镜清理术结合小直径、低转速、多孔道多方位股骨头髓内钻孔减压治疗激素性和酒精性股骨头缺血性坏死68例(75髋)。男性46例,女性22例。左侧36例,右侧25例,双侧7例。平均年龄41.4岁。术前Ficat分期:Ⅰ期41髋,Ⅱ期21髋,Ⅲ期6例。关节镜清理增生肥厚、充血水肿的滑膜组织和关节内致痛物质。在关节镜和C型臂X线透视下行钻孔减压,采用直径3.0mm克氏针、低速电钻或手摇钻行股骨头多孔道、多方向钻孔减压。[结果]近期疗效:术后第2d疼痛症状减轻50%者38例,1周内疼痛消失28例,2周后疼痛症状减轻3例。术后随访65例,平均19个月(6个月～3.4a),按成人股骨头缺血坏死的疗效百分法进行疗效评定,关节疼痛症状完全解除49例,轻度疼痛9例,中度疼痛6例,髋关节屈伸和内外旋转功能明显改善,无感染和血管神经损伤等并发症,无股骨头塌陷加重。1例FicatⅢ期的患者于术后1年行全髋人工关节置换。[结论]关节镜清理术有利于清除髋关节内致痛物质,改善关节内环境紊乱,改善临床症状;采用小直径、多孔道、低转速股骨头髓内钻孔减压,有助于降低骨内压,改善股骨头内循环,减轻疼痛症状,延缓股骨头坏死进程,有效防止股骨头塌陷。

“由外向内”髋关节镜技术治疗股骨髋臼撞击综合征

目的:探讨应用"由外向内"髋关节镜技术诊疗股骨髋臼撞击综合征的临床疗效和安全性。方法:自2015年7月至2016年7月共收治凸轮型和混合型股骨髋臼撞击综合征病例9例11髋,均采用"由外向内"髋关节镜技术行头颈交界成型、盂唇成形术。对9例11髋的术前及术后12月髋关节Harris评分、手术并发症进行回顾性分析。结果:全部9例病人均获得随访,术前髋关节Harris评分平均56.4(22~70)分,术后12月髋关节Harris评分平均92.5(64~100)分,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。1例足背术后出现小水泡,治疗后愈合;1例大腿部肌间隙液体渗漏较多,处理后伤口愈合顺利,未对康复过程造成特殊影响;无神经血管损伤;无医源性软骨、盂唇损害。结论:"由外向内"髋关节镜技术是治疗股骨髋臼撞击综合征的安全、有效方法。