Among various histones, histone H1 proteins have been appreciated for their multiple functions in diverse biological processes. In addition to being a structural protein in chromatin, H1 proteins also play critical ro...Among various histones, histone H1 proteins have been appreciated for their multiple functions in diverse biological processes. In addition to being a structural protein in chromatin, H1 proteins also play critical roles in cell cycle, gene expression, and development. Recent studies reveal the possible effects of H1 in some diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review different variants of HI, the functions, and post translational modifications of ill variants are also discussed.展开更多
Histones package DNA in all eukaryotes and play key roles in regulating gene expression. Approximately 150 base pairs of DNA wraps around an octamer of core histones to form the nucleosome, the basic unit of chromatin...Histones package DNA in all eukaryotes and play key roles in regulating gene expression. Approximately 150 base pairs of DNA wraps around an octamer of core histones to form the nucleosome, the basic unit of chromatin. Linker histones compact chromatin further by binding to and neutralizing the charge of the DNA between nucleosomes. It is well established that chromatin packing is regulated by a complex pattern of posttranslational modifications （PTMs） to core histones, but linker histone function is less well understood. In this review, we describe the current understand- ing of the many roles that linker histones play in cellular processes, including gene regulation, cell division, and devel- opment, while putting the linker histone in the context of other nuclear proteins. Although intriguing roles for plant linker histones are beginning to emerge, much of our current understanding comes from work in animal systems. Many unanswered questions remain and additional work is required to fully elucidate the complex processes mediated by linker histones in plants.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB524901)the Natural Science Foundation of China(31271370,81100687)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NECT10-0623)
文摘Among various histones, histone H1 proteins have been appreciated for their multiple functions in diverse biological processes. In addition to being a structural protein in chromatin, H1 proteins also play critical roles in cell cycle, gene expression, and development. Recent studies reveal the possible effects of H1 in some diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review different variants of HI, the functions, and post translational modifications of ill variants are also discussed.
文摘Histones package DNA in all eukaryotes and play key roles in regulating gene expression. Approximately 150 base pairs of DNA wraps around an octamer of core histones to form the nucleosome, the basic unit of chromatin. Linker histones compact chromatin further by binding to and neutralizing the charge of the DNA between nucleosomes. It is well established that chromatin packing is regulated by a complex pattern of posttranslational modifications （PTMs） to core histones, but linker histone function is less well understood. In this review, we describe the current understand- ing of the many roles that linker histones play in cellular processes, including gene regulation, cell division, and devel- opment, while putting the linker histone in the context of other nuclear proteins. Although intriguing roles for plant linker histones are beginning to emerge, much of our current understanding comes from work in animal systems. Many unanswered questions remain and additional work is required to fully elucidate the complex processes mediated by linker histones in plants.
