Introduction: Ureteroscopy is a minimally invasive endoscopic surgery which provides access to the ureter, pyelon and calyceal cavities via the urethra and the bladder. Laser ureteroscopy uses the laser as an energy s...Introduction: Ureteroscopy is a minimally invasive endoscopic surgery which provides access to the ureter, pyelon and calyceal cavities via the urethra and the bladder. Laser ureteroscopy uses the laser as an energy source to treat the stone and eliminate it naturally. Minimally invasive endoscopic methods are struggling to become popular in sub-Saharan African countries, especially for the upper urinary tract. The objective of our work was to report the results of our first laser ureteroscopy experience in the department. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study running from December 1, 2023 to February 19, 2024. Included in our study was any case of upper urinary tract stone operated by Laser ureteroscopy. The characteristics of the lithiasis were determined by CT scan. Sterilization of urine was verified by carrying out a cytobacteriological examination of urine. Ureteral lithiasis was approached by semi-rigid ureteroscopy. Renal lithiasis was immediately addressed by flexible ureteroscopy. Ureteroscopy was coupled with a Holmium YAG laser. A double J ureteral catheter was placed after the operation. A 230 µm laser fiber was used in each case with a generator with a power of 35 watts (Storz Calculase III type). An access sheath was used in all cases of flexible ureteroscopy. The parameters studied were: sociodemographic characteristics, lithiasis (site, size, number, density, topography), type of anesthesia, duration of laser use, duration of intervention, postoperative outcomes. Data entry and analysis were carried out using the software (Word 2016 and SPSS). Result: We collected 30 cases of laser ureteroscopy. The average age was 37 years with extremes of 9 and 79 years. The male gender was more represented. The most common age group was 24-39 years old. Renal colic was the most frequent reason for admission, 12 patients (40%). On physical examination, lumbar tenderness was present in 47% (14 patients). ECBU was positive in 4 patients (13%). CT scan was performed in all our patients before the intervention. The average stone size was 12 mm and the largest was 23 mm. The majority of stones, i.e. 59% (18 patients), had a density greater than 1000 HU. The stone was unique in 19 patients (63%). The location of the stone was pyelic in 8 patients or 27%. An impact on the upper urinary tract was found in 16 of our patients or 53%. General anesthesia was used in 25 patients (83%). A digital flexible ureteroscopy was used in 24 patients and a semi-rigid ureteroscopy (URS) in 6 patients. Full-course fragmentation was the most used therapeutic method, 9 patients or 32%. The average duration of interventions was 61 minutes. Drainage by double J catheter at the end of the procedure was performed in all our patients. The length of hospitalization was 24 hours. Only one case of failure in the USSR was recorded, and one case of failure was in the semi-rigid URS. Conclusion: Laser ureteroscopy is an effective minimally invasive surgery in the management of lithiasis of the upper urinary tract. It significantly reduces the length of hospitalization. Mastery of this technique and the acquisition of the equipment necessary for its implementation is an undeniable asset in the management of renal and ureteral lithiasis.展开更多
BACKGROUND This case of gestational gingival tumor is huge and extremely rare in clinical practice.As the growth location of this gingival tumor is in the upper anterior tooth area,it seriously affects the pregnant wo...BACKGROUND This case of gestational gingival tumor is huge and extremely rare in clinical practice.As the growth location of this gingival tumor is in the upper anterior tooth area,it seriously affects the pregnant woman's speech and food,causing great pain to the patient.The use of Nd:YGA water mist laser to remove the gingival tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,minimal adverse reactions,and good postoperative healing,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a pregnant woman,reported a large lump in her mouth on the first day of postpartum treatment.Based on medical history and clinical examination,the diagnosis was diagnosed as gestational gingival tumor.Postoperative pathological biopsy also confirmed this diagnosis.The use of Nd:YAG water mist laser to remove the tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,clear surgical field of view,short surgical time,and good postoperative healing.CONCLUSION In comparison to traditional surgery,Nd:YAG water mist laser surgery is minimally invasive,minimizes cell damage,reduces bleeding,ensures a clear field of vision,and virtually eliminates postoperative edema,carbonization,and the risk of cross infection.It has unique advantages in oral soft tissue surgery for pregnant patients.Therefore,the clinical application of Nd:YAG water mist laser for the treatment of gestational gingival tumors is an ideal choice.展开更多
·AIM: To evaluate the stability of neodymium(Nd):YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in eyes with capsular tension rings(CTRs).·METHODS: A total of 60 eyes that underwent cataract surgery and laser posterior cap...·AIM: To evaluate the stability of neodymium(Nd):YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in eyes with capsular tension rings(CTRs).·METHODS: A total of 60 eyes that underwent cataract surgery and laser posterior capsulotomy postoperatively were included in this retrospective cohort study. To evaluate the safety and stability of capsulotomy, changes in the size of posterior capsulotomy and anterior chamber depth(ACD) in three groups: the group without CTR, the group with 12 mm CTRs, and the group with 13 mm CTRs, at 1wk, 3, 12, and 15mo after capsulotomy, were compared. ·RESULTS: In the group without CTR and the group with 12 mm CTR, there was no significant change in ACD at every post-laser follow-up. In the group with 13 mm CTR, the ACD change was significant until 3mo after capsulotomy. In all groups, there was a significant increase in the area of capsulotomy between 1wk and 3mo post-laser. Between 3 and 12mo post-laser, only the group with 13 mm CTR showed a significant increase in the area of capsulotomy(P<0.01). ·CONCLUSION: Laser posterior capsulotomy is safe in all three groups. The capsulotomy and ACD become stabilized and have not shown significant changes since 1y postlaser, even with larger CTRs. The maintenance of centrifugal capsular tension can last longer with larger CTRs, and the stability of the capsulotomy site can be reached about 12mo after capsulotomy in pseudophakic eyes with larger CTRs.展开更多
AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of yttrium-aluminum garnet(YAG)laser vitreolysis for vision degrading myodesopsia(VDM)caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD).METHODS:This retrospective study revie...AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of yttrium-aluminum garnet(YAG)laser vitreolysis for vision degrading myodesopsia(VDM)caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD).METHODS:This retrospective study reviewed VDM patients of PVD type undergoing YAG laser vitreolysis.The baseline demographic information,the patterns of floaters,the number of floaters,and the subjective improvement of floater sympotoms(ranging from 0 to 100%)from medical records were collected.Significant improvement was defined as a relief of floater symptoms of≥50%at the final visit.The long-term efficacy and safety of YAG laser vitreolysis were analyzed.The risk factors linked to significant improvement of floater symptoms were defined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.RESULTS:The final analysis included 221 patients with VDM.The mean age of patients was 61.08±7.74y,and the mean length of follow-up was 21.38±5.61mo.Totally 57.01%of patients experienced a significant improvement in their floater symptoms after YAG laser therapy,and none of them developed delayed retinal abnormalities such as retinal tears or detachments.Age(OR=1.049,95%CI=1.007-1.092,P=0.021)was identified as a significant risk factor for significant improvement in VDM.CONCLUSION:YAG laser vitreolysis is an effective and secure treatment for PVD-type VDM,and patients of advanced age are more likely to get favorable outcomes.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the outcome of laser iridotomy using532-nm Nd: YAG laser(PASCAL) with short pulse duration and Nd: YAG laser compared to conventional combined laser iridotomy.METHODS: Retrospective, nonrandomized, co...AIM: To evaluate the outcome of laser iridotomy using532-nm Nd: YAG laser(PASCAL) with short pulse duration and Nd: YAG laser compared to conventional combined laser iridotomy.METHODS: Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative case series. Forty-five eyes of 34 patients underwent laser iridotomy. Twenty-two eyes underwent iridotomy using short duration PASCAL and Nd: YAG laser, and 23 eyes underwent iridotomy using conventional combined laser method. The average settings of PASCAL were60 μm and 700-900 m W with a short duration of 0.01 s to reduce the total applied energy. The conventional laser was 50 μm and 700-900 m W for 0.1s. After photocoagulation with these laser, the Nd: YAG laser was added in each group. Endothelial cell counts of preiridotomy and 2mo after iridotomy were measured and compared.RESULTS: All eyes completed iridotomy successfully.The total energy used in the PASCAL group was 1.85 ±1.17 J. Compared to conventional laser 13.25 ±1.67 J, the energy used was very small due to the short exposure time of PASCAL. Endothelial cell counts were reduced by0.88% in the PASCAL group and 6.72% in the conventional laser group(P =0.044). The change in corneal endothelial cell counts before and after iridotomy was significant in conventional combined laser iridotomy group(P =0.004).CONCLUSION: Combined PASCAL and Nd:YAG laseriridotomy is an effective and safe technique in the dark brown irides of Asians. Furthermore, the short duration of exposure in PASCAL offers the advantages of reducing the total energy used and minimizing the corneal damage.展开更多
A stable wavelength operation Ho:YAG laser dual-pumped by two orthogonally polarized Tm:YLF lasers is reported. Under the cw operation mode, a laser output power of 24 W is measured. The corresponding opticaloptical c...A stable wavelength operation Ho:YAG laser dual-pumped by two orthogonally polarized Tm:YLF lasers is reported. Under the cw operation mode, a laser output power of 24 W is measured. The corresponding opticaloptical conversion efficiency is 44.75% and the slope efficiency is 50.12%. Under the Q-switched operation mode,the output maximum average power is 22.8 W at the re-frequency of 6 kHz. The corresponding optical-optical conversion efficiency and slope efficiency are 42.64% and 48.01%, respectively. The output central wavelength is 2090.73 nm, the linewidth is 0.40 nm, and the beam quality is M^2< 1.6. Moreover, the shift of the output central wavelength is less than 0.01 nm, and the linewidth shift is also less than 0.01 nm.展开更多
Objective To investigate the method of emergent relief of special renal colic and treatment of ureter diseases causing renal colic. Methods By analyzing 63 cases of special renal colic treated with ureteroscope and ...Objective To investigate the method of emergent relief of special renal colic and treatment of ureter diseases causing renal colic. Methods By analyzing 63 cases of special renal colic treated with ureteroscope and Holmium YAG laser. Results 61 cases of renal colic were relieved in a short period of time and the original ureter diseases causing renal colic were cured. Conclusion Special renal colic could be treated with ureteroscope and Holmium YAG laser in a quick and effective manner.展开更多
An actively mode-locked Ho: YAG laser pumped by a diode-pumped Tin-doped fiber laser is reported. For the cw operation, we obtain the maximum output power of 3.43 W with a central wavelength 2022.2nm at the maximum i...An actively mode-locked Ho: YAG laser pumped by a diode-pumped Tin-doped fiber laser is reported. For the cw operation, we obtain the maximum output power of 3.43 W with a central wavelength 2022.2nm at the maximum incident pump power of 11.4 W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 34.5%. The beam quality factor M2 is 1.16, and the output beam is close to fundamental TEMoo. In the case of the CWML operation, a stable pulse train is generated with an average output power up to 3.41 W with a slope efficiency of 34.3% at the incident pump power of 11.4 W and a pulse duration of 294ps at a repetition rate of 81.92MHz. In addition, the maximum single pulse energy is 41.6nJ.展开更多
Summary: The effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for managing ureteral calculi was evaluated. Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was performed in 168 ureteral calculi (uppe...Summary: The effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for managing ureteral calculi was evaluated. Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was performed in 168 ureteral calculi (upper 27 cases, middle 33 cases and lower 108 cases). The results showed that the stone-free rate was 92.6 % in the upper ureteral calculi, 93.9 % in the middle ureteral calculi and 94.4 % in the lower ureteral calculi, respectively. The complication rate was 4.8 % (8 cases). It was suggested that ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is a highly effective and safe treatment modality for managing ureteral calculi.展开更多
Background and Objective: Unwanted hair growth is a discomforting issue affecting both genders. People have tried various methods to get rid of this situation. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a ...Background and Objective: Unwanted hair growth is a discomforting issue affecting both genders. People have tried various methods to get rid of this situation. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser treatment for permanent hair removal, drawing insights from existing literature. Materials and Methods:This study included a total of 2127 patients (302 males, 1825 females) aged 18 - 65, with complete data, who underwent hair removal treatment between December 2018 and April 2021. These patients were treated using the Duetta laser system (Quanta system, Samarate, Italy), combining Alexandrite 755 nm and Nd:YAG 1064 nm wavelengths. The patients’ skin types were classified according to the Fitzpatrick classification scale. Target area/areas for laser hair removal was/were determined. Laser parameters, pulse counts, pain levels assessed through the Visual Pain Scale (VPS), and patient satisfaction were documented based on skin types. Findings: Across various skin types, Types I - II exhibited the highest treatment success rates (87%), with the axillary region achieving the highest rate (83%) and the face region achieving the lowest rate (75%). Pain scale analysis indicated that 98% of patients tolerated the procedure well. Patient satisfaction levels exceeded 90%. Evaluation of complication rates revealed minimal occurrences. Conclusion: The combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser system demonstrates both efficacy and safety across diverse skin types, attributed to its notable success rates, minimal adverse effects, and high patient tolerance.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Ureteroscopy is a minimally invasive endoscopic surgery which provides access to the ureter, pyelon and calyceal cavities via the urethra and the bladder. Laser ureteroscopy uses the laser as an energy source to treat the stone and eliminate it naturally. Minimally invasive endoscopic methods are struggling to become popular in sub-Saharan African countries, especially for the upper urinary tract. The objective of our work was to report the results of our first laser ureteroscopy experience in the department. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study running from December 1, 2023 to February 19, 2024. Included in our study was any case of upper urinary tract stone operated by Laser ureteroscopy. The characteristics of the lithiasis were determined by CT scan. Sterilization of urine was verified by carrying out a cytobacteriological examination of urine. Ureteral lithiasis was approached by semi-rigid ureteroscopy. Renal lithiasis was immediately addressed by flexible ureteroscopy. Ureteroscopy was coupled with a Holmium YAG laser. A double J ureteral catheter was placed after the operation. A 230 µm laser fiber was used in each case with a generator with a power of 35 watts (Storz Calculase III type). An access sheath was used in all cases of flexible ureteroscopy. The parameters studied were: sociodemographic characteristics, lithiasis (site, size, number, density, topography), type of anesthesia, duration of laser use, duration of intervention, postoperative outcomes. Data entry and analysis were carried out using the software (Word 2016 and SPSS). Result: We collected 30 cases of laser ureteroscopy. The average age was 37 years with extremes of 9 and 79 years. The male gender was more represented. The most common age group was 24-39 years old. Renal colic was the most frequent reason for admission, 12 patients (40%). On physical examination, lumbar tenderness was present in 47% (14 patients). ECBU was positive in 4 patients (13%). CT scan was performed in all our patients before the intervention. The average stone size was 12 mm and the largest was 23 mm. The majority of stones, i.e. 59% (18 patients), had a density greater than 1000 HU. The stone was unique in 19 patients (63%). The location of the stone was pyelic in 8 patients or 27%. An impact on the upper urinary tract was found in 16 of our patients or 53%. General anesthesia was used in 25 patients (83%). A digital flexible ureteroscopy was used in 24 patients and a semi-rigid ureteroscopy (URS) in 6 patients. Full-course fragmentation was the most used therapeutic method, 9 patients or 32%. The average duration of interventions was 61 minutes. Drainage by double J catheter at the end of the procedure was performed in all our patients. The length of hospitalization was 24 hours. Only one case of failure in the USSR was recorded, and one case of failure was in the semi-rigid URS. Conclusion: Laser ureteroscopy is an effective minimally invasive surgery in the management of lithiasis of the upper urinary tract. It significantly reduces the length of hospitalization. Mastery of this technique and the acquisition of the equipment necessary for its implementation is an undeniable asset in the management of renal and ureteral lithiasis.
文摘BACKGROUND This case of gestational gingival tumor is huge and extremely rare in clinical practice.As the growth location of this gingival tumor is in the upper anterior tooth area,it seriously affects the pregnant woman's speech and food,causing great pain to the patient.The use of Nd:YGA water mist laser to remove the gingival tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,minimal adverse reactions,and good postoperative healing,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a pregnant woman,reported a large lump in her mouth on the first day of postpartum treatment.Based on medical history and clinical examination,the diagnosis was diagnosed as gestational gingival tumor.Postoperative pathological biopsy also confirmed this diagnosis.The use of Nd:YAG water mist laser to remove the tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,clear surgical field of view,short surgical time,and good postoperative healing.CONCLUSION In comparison to traditional surgery,Nd:YAG water mist laser surgery is minimally invasive,minimizes cell damage,reduces bleeding,ensures a clear field of vision,and virtually eliminates postoperative edema,carbonization,and the risk of cross infection.It has unique advantages in oral soft tissue surgery for pregnant patients.Therefore,the clinical application of Nd:YAG water mist laser for the treatment of gestational gingival tumors is an ideal choice.
文摘·AIM: To evaluate the stability of neodymium(Nd):YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in eyes with capsular tension rings(CTRs).·METHODS: A total of 60 eyes that underwent cataract surgery and laser posterior capsulotomy postoperatively were included in this retrospective cohort study. To evaluate the safety and stability of capsulotomy, changes in the size of posterior capsulotomy and anterior chamber depth(ACD) in three groups: the group without CTR, the group with 12 mm CTRs, and the group with 13 mm CTRs, at 1wk, 3, 12, and 15mo after capsulotomy, were compared. ·RESULTS: In the group without CTR and the group with 12 mm CTR, there was no significant change in ACD at every post-laser follow-up. In the group with 13 mm CTR, the ACD change was significant until 3mo after capsulotomy. In all groups, there was a significant increase in the area of capsulotomy between 1wk and 3mo post-laser. Between 3 and 12mo post-laser, only the group with 13 mm CTR showed a significant increase in the area of capsulotomy(P<0.01). ·CONCLUSION: Laser posterior capsulotomy is safe in all three groups. The capsulotomy and ACD become stabilized and have not shown significant changes since 1y postlaser, even with larger CTRs. The maintenance of centrifugal capsular tension can last longer with larger CTRs, and the stability of the capsulotomy site can be reached about 12mo after capsulotomy in pseudophakic eyes with larger CTRs.
基金Supported in part by the Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program(No.RC210267).
文摘AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of yttrium-aluminum garnet(YAG)laser vitreolysis for vision degrading myodesopsia(VDM)caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD).METHODS:This retrospective study reviewed VDM patients of PVD type undergoing YAG laser vitreolysis.The baseline demographic information,the patterns of floaters,the number of floaters,and the subjective improvement of floater sympotoms(ranging from 0 to 100%)from medical records were collected.Significant improvement was defined as a relief of floater symptoms of≥50%at the final visit.The long-term efficacy and safety of YAG laser vitreolysis were analyzed.The risk factors linked to significant improvement of floater symptoms were defined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.RESULTS:The final analysis included 221 patients with VDM.The mean age of patients was 61.08±7.74y,and the mean length of follow-up was 21.38±5.61mo.Totally 57.01%of patients experienced a significant improvement in their floater symptoms after YAG laser therapy,and none of them developed delayed retinal abnormalities such as retinal tears or detachments.Age(OR=1.049,95%CI=1.007-1.092,P=0.021)was identified as a significant risk factor for significant improvement in VDM.CONCLUSION:YAG laser vitreolysis is an effective and secure treatment for PVD-type VDM,and patients of advanced age are more likely to get favorable outcomes.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the outcome of laser iridotomy using532-nm Nd: YAG laser(PASCAL) with short pulse duration and Nd: YAG laser compared to conventional combined laser iridotomy.METHODS: Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative case series. Forty-five eyes of 34 patients underwent laser iridotomy. Twenty-two eyes underwent iridotomy using short duration PASCAL and Nd: YAG laser, and 23 eyes underwent iridotomy using conventional combined laser method. The average settings of PASCAL were60 μm and 700-900 m W with a short duration of 0.01 s to reduce the total applied energy. The conventional laser was 50 μm and 700-900 m W for 0.1s. After photocoagulation with these laser, the Nd: YAG laser was added in each group. Endothelial cell counts of preiridotomy and 2mo after iridotomy were measured and compared.RESULTS: All eyes completed iridotomy successfully.The total energy used in the PASCAL group was 1.85 ±1.17 J. Compared to conventional laser 13.25 ±1.67 J, the energy used was very small due to the short exposure time of PASCAL. Endothelial cell counts were reduced by0.88% in the PASCAL group and 6.72% in the conventional laser group(P =0.044). The change in corneal endothelial cell counts before and after iridotomy was significant in conventional combined laser iridotomy group(P =0.004).CONCLUSION: Combined PASCAL and Nd:YAG laseriridotomy is an effective and safe technique in the dark brown irides of Asians. Furthermore, the short duration of exposure in PASCAL offers the advantages of reducing the total energy used and minimizing the corneal damage.
基金Supported by the Cooperation Foundation of Changchun Science and Technology Bureau under Grant No 17DY027the Foundation of Education Department of Jilin Province under Grant No JJKH20181105KJthe Foundation of Jilin Province Science and Technology Department under Grant No 20180101033JC
文摘A stable wavelength operation Ho:YAG laser dual-pumped by two orthogonally polarized Tm:YLF lasers is reported. Under the cw operation mode, a laser output power of 24 W is measured. The corresponding opticaloptical conversion efficiency is 44.75% and the slope efficiency is 50.12%. Under the Q-switched operation mode,the output maximum average power is 22.8 W at the re-frequency of 6 kHz. The corresponding optical-optical conversion efficiency and slope efficiency are 42.64% and 48.01%, respectively. The output central wavelength is 2090.73 nm, the linewidth is 0.40 nm, and the beam quality is M^2< 1.6. Moreover, the shift of the output central wavelength is less than 0.01 nm, and the linewidth shift is also less than 0.01 nm.
文摘Objective To investigate the method of emergent relief of special renal colic and treatment of ureter diseases causing renal colic. Methods By analyzing 63 cases of special renal colic treated with ureteroscope and Holmium YAG laser. Results 61 cases of renal colic were relieved in a short period of time and the original ureter diseases causing renal colic were cured. Conclusion Special renal colic could be treated with ureteroscope and Holmium YAG laser in a quick and effective manner.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61308009 and 61405047the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project under Grant Nos 2013M540288 and 2015M570290+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Grant under Grant Nos HIT.NSRIF.2014044 and HIT.NSRIF.2015042the Science Fund for Outstanding Youths of Heilongjiang Province under Grant No JQ201310the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project under Grant No LBH-Z14085
文摘An actively mode-locked Ho: YAG laser pumped by a diode-pumped Tin-doped fiber laser is reported. For the cw operation, we obtain the maximum output power of 3.43 W with a central wavelength 2022.2nm at the maximum incident pump power of 11.4 W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 34.5%. The beam quality factor M2 is 1.16, and the output beam is close to fundamental TEMoo. In the case of the CWML operation, a stable pulse train is generated with an average output power up to 3.41 W with a slope efficiency of 34.3% at the incident pump power of 11.4 W and a pulse duration of 294ps at a repetition rate of 81.92MHz. In addition, the maximum single pulse energy is 41.6nJ.
文摘Summary: The effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for managing ureteral calculi was evaluated. Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was performed in 168 ureteral calculi (upper 27 cases, middle 33 cases and lower 108 cases). The results showed that the stone-free rate was 92.6 % in the upper ureteral calculi, 93.9 % in the middle ureteral calculi and 94.4 % in the lower ureteral calculi, respectively. The complication rate was 4.8 % (8 cases). It was suggested that ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is a highly effective and safe treatment modality for managing ureteral calculi.
文摘Background and Objective: Unwanted hair growth is a discomforting issue affecting both genders. People have tried various methods to get rid of this situation. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser treatment for permanent hair removal, drawing insights from existing literature. Materials and Methods:This study included a total of 2127 patients (302 males, 1825 females) aged 18 - 65, with complete data, who underwent hair removal treatment between December 2018 and April 2021. These patients were treated using the Duetta laser system (Quanta system, Samarate, Italy), combining Alexandrite 755 nm and Nd:YAG 1064 nm wavelengths. The patients’ skin types were classified according to the Fitzpatrick classification scale. Target area/areas for laser hair removal was/were determined. Laser parameters, pulse counts, pain levels assessed through the Visual Pain Scale (VPS), and patient satisfaction were documented based on skin types. Findings: Across various skin types, Types I - II exhibited the highest treatment success rates (87%), with the axillary region achieving the highest rate (83%) and the face region achieving the lowest rate (75%). Pain scale analysis indicated that 98% of patients tolerated the procedure well. Patient satisfaction levels exceeded 90%. Evaluation of complication rates revealed minimal occurrences. Conclusion: The combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser system demonstrates both efficacy and safety across diverse skin types, attributed to its notable success rates, minimal adverse effects, and high patient tolerance.