A Study on North American Stereotypes about the Chinese from the Perspective of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

Without much understanding of different cultures,it is common for people to hold stereotypes,which,negative or positive,hamper intercultural communication.Some North Americans are also stereotyped toward Chinese.Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions can be employed to discuss the cultural elements under the surface of their stereotypes.To be a successful communicator in diverse cultural background,understanding of the target culture and being tolerant of the diversity are significant.

A Cross-Cultural Analysis on Guasha Treatment from Hofstede's Value Dimensions

Nowadays,with the irresistible trend of globalization and more increasing cultural exchanges among different cultures,there are more and more contacts and collisions from different cultural backgrounds.People can derive a lot from different cultures through communication.But if people cannot understand other cultures'customs,religions,habits,and so on very well,people will be faced with cultural clashes.Guasha Treatmen is Zheng Xiaolong's classical movie,which tells us a judicial conflict owing to red scars on a boy's back.In the movie,because the boy catches a cold,Chinese immigrates performs Guasha treatment to cure the boy while American people believes that the boy is treated badly.For the Chinese family in the movie,Guasha treatment is only a traditional medical therapy,but American people assume that it is an illegal act as they cannot understand Chinese medical culture.Hence,there exists misunderstanding and cultural conflicts because of cultural differences.This paper will be analyzed from the perspective of Greet Hofstede's three value dimensions so as to help people face the contradiction and conflicts in the process of cross-cultural communication and improve the ability of intercultural communication.

The Analysis of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory in the Novel The Joy Luck Club

The cultural dimension refers to the five cultural dimensions proposed by Hofstede and supplemented by later scholars.Its role is to serve as a framework for measuring the differences between cultures of various countries.The Joy Luck Club shows the cultural differences between China and America by describing the contradictions between four pairs of Chinese mothers and daughters.At present,most of the analysis of cultural differences in novels lack systematic summary and deep excavation.As we all know,the root of the contradiction between mothers and daughters is the cultural conflicts,and this paper will take Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory as a framework and use“the joy luck club”as the text to reveal the deeper cultural reasons for the contradictions between mothers and daughters through literature and theories.

A Case Study on Coca-Cola Company's Advertisements in China:Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

Globalization changes the business style of corporations.In modern society,entrepreneurs believe that it is important for companies to expand their business all over the world.However,an inevitable problem comes to managers' sight-cultural differences.Citizens in different countries have different norms,rules,symbols and values,which influence the business expansion of corporations in foreign countries.Therefore,it is crucial for translational corporations to introduce their products or services to foreign customers in proper ways and make customers accept them.Advertising plays an important role in this process because it delivers corporate image and corporate culture to customers.Meanwhile,Hofstede's cultural dimensions help managers analyze and deal with cultural differences when they are assigned to foreign countries for managing.In this paper,an analysis on the application of Hofstede's cultural mode based on a case study of Coca-Cola's advertisements will be conducted.It will be organized as follows:a literature review on Hofstede's cultural mode will be arranged in section one.Then,section two will discuss the application of Hofstede's cultural mode in China,and a case study of Coca-Cola's advertisements in China will be followed.In the end,a conclusion based on above findings will be summarized in section three.

基于Hofstede文化维度理论的满洲里文创产品设计研究

运用Hofstede文化维度理论对本地区多元文化进行差异和认同分析,获取其价值特征、行为特征和产品取向的差异与共性,依据文化共性寻求最终的产品定性。文章围绕产品定性,运用模型筛选典型文化元素以及对应的设计要素,运用跨文化包容性设计方法展开具体的设计实践,构建了混合文化、跨文化设计的基本路径,探索了多元混合文化文创产品设计的可能,提升了满洲里地区文创产品的品质,丰富了文创产品的类型。

The Asian Dimension Reflection of Hofstede’s Cultural Theory—Based on the Consumption Cognitive Characteristics of Chinese Post-90s College Students

This article is based on Hofstede’s cultural theory,taking the post-90s college students as the research object,and through a small-scale survey method,uses the cultural conflicts of the post-90s college students’cognition of“frugality”and“consumption”to explore the characteristics of their consumption outlook.The consumption behavior of post-90s college students presents a diversified structure,lacks planning,and has short-term orientation tendencies such as light luxury and impulsive consumption.At the same time,it displays an obvious living within its means and a wait-and-see attitude towards advanced consumption,focusing on the long-term orientation of its own investment in the future.The Confucian cultural characteristics of the contradictory but complementary consumption outlook of college students born in the 1990s provide Hofstede with a new perspective beyond the long-term and short-term dualistic orientation.

Theoretical Transplantation into Translation Studies——An Analysis on the Pragmatic Application of Hofstede’s

The deepening process of globalization has given rise to restless cultural exchanges among people from different regions of the world through newspapers,books,and other written media.However,the significant differences in languages and cultures have become an insurmountable gap in intercultural communication.To lubricate cultural exchanges,new translation theories that focus on the transformation of different cultural concepts shall be introduced and adopted.This paper aims to extract applicable notions from Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions for pragmatic translation studies by laying emphasis on its pragmatic value through case study.By such theoretical transplantation,valuable suggestions are proposed to tackle cultural misunderstandings and conflicts encountered amid cultural exchanges.

Cultural Differences Between China and the West Behind“neijuan”

Over recent years,our society has plunged into the phenomenon of“neijuan”(in English“involution”,a kind of meaningless competition).And it even becomes a social dilemma that many people are forced to make more efforts to compete for limited social resources.This phenomenon has,of course,attracted the attention of many researchers.There are many researches about“neijuan”varying from its popularity reasons and its trend to its application,but there is very little research about the cultural differences between China and the West behind this phenomenon.Therefore,based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory,this paper analyses the different manifestations of“neijuan”in China and the West and explores the cultural differences between the two.

基于Hofstede文化维度理论的跨文化产品设计研究

目的 针对全球化不断深入的社会背景,探索基于Hofstede文化维度理论的跨文化产品设计模型,并进行实践研究.方法 结合理论推导和案例分析,对权力距离、个人主义、男性主义、不确定性回避、长期目标和放纵性等六个文化维度所体现的产品语言进行梳理,从目标用户的价值取向、行为取向和设计取向进行了跨文化产品设计的文化差异分析,并通过对文化产品设计的要素的总结,规划了跨文化产品设计的要素.在此基础上,提出了基于Hofstede文化维度理论的跨文化产品设计模型和应用方法.结论 针对法国用户的糖果盒产品设计实践,验证了所提出的跨文化产品设计模型的可行性与有效性.研究成果有助于帮助设计师转变文化设计思维,促进我国文化产品的国际输出和文化元素的传播.

Hofstede的文化维度理论的局限性

Hofstede的文化维度理论为跨文化交际研究者和实践者们认识和分析文化差异提供了有价值的研究工具.尽管如此,他的这一开创性的文化模型仍然受到质疑和批评.在阅读大量文献的基础上分析了Hofstede的文化维度理论存在的局限性,以及在研究和使用这一理论时应注意的问题.

基于Hofstede民族文化维度视角看汉俄酒文化差异

汉俄两个民族拥有不同的文化,文化差异会成为阻止不同文化直接顺利交流的障碍,甚至可能会产生误解和冲突。文化的不同不仅是风俗习惯的问题,也反映了汉俄两个民族文化价值观的差异。采用Hofstede的五个文化维度对汉俄酒文化的差异进行比较是一个全新的视角,对汉俄两个民族有效顺利地进行跨文化交际具有一定积极的意义。

国家文化特性差异验证研究——对Hofstede模型的检验

基于Hofstede国家文化维度假设,首先利用统计聚类分析方法对34个主要代表性国家的文化数据进行分析,然后基于聚类中分属不同类别的四个主要国家包括韩国及其主要贸易伙伴日本、中国、美国的国家文化维度建立雷达图进行了比较,并结合实际商贸中最为紧密的四个国家之间的实际情况,对hofstede文化模型进行了检验。结果显示,每个国家都有其特殊的文化特性,韩国文化倾向于群体决策与避免不确定性,中国是具有严格的论资排辈和关系型文化,日本的文化特征则是典型的竞争与成就导向文化,美国文化是具有强烈的个人主义和冒险创新精神。从上述四个实际分析看出,hofstede模型对文化深层的伦理价值分析尚需进一步改进。因此,在未来的商务谈判中,我们应该更加关注不同文化背后的伦理价值特征。

Hofstede理论下中美旅游网站城市宣传语比较

在网络日渐普及的今天,各国之间的交流与合作不断的加深。城市宣传语展现的是一个城市的对外形象,让人们对其有一个初步的了解。由于中美不同的文化背景,各旅游网站中的城市宣传语也传达着不同的文化价值观。从Hofstede的五大文化维度论出发,对网站中的福建及美国各城市旅游宣传语中所蕴含的文化取向进行对比分析,有助于大家在旅游过程体验异国文化,获得最佳的旅游效果。

基于Hofstede理论的内蒙古青年价值观测度与分析

价值观是个人或群体对人生、社会及世界的认知与情感的一部分,在社会文化上有着鲜明的体现。以Hofstede文化五维度理论对内蒙古青年价值观的解析发现:当代内蒙古青年价值取向由重视集体性价值转向追求个体性价值,缩小权力差距的意愿增长,追求事业成功与物质成就的刚性特征明显,不确定性规避的取向较高,传统社会显著的长期取向逐渐向短期取向转变。

Motivations of Individuals Participating in Social Media： A Cultural Perspective

Social media is an information technology that allows users to communicate and share information. With steadily rising number of users across the globe, individuals participate in various activities, like connecting with friends and community members, sharing information, posting political messages, disaster recovery activities, reading daily news, learning, and entertainment, each driven by different sets of motivations. Culture has an influence on the kind of motivation―pro-social and personal needs oriented―that drives social media usage by individuals. Using Hofstede’s （1984b） cultural dimensions, the paper suggests that each of the dimensions will have influences on the social media behaviors differently. Such a cultural perspective helps future social media users to plan the kind of activity and information sharing based on the kind of motivation driving the target audience and the platform providers to design and market accordingly.

A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Disaster News in Chinese and American Media

Mass media has become an important platform for countries to connect with the outside world and exchange information.However,due to the differences in values,beliefs,and conventions of each country,misunderstandings are likely to occur in the processes of reading,translation,and communication.Catastrophic news,as an indispensable part of news reporting,is worth studying,especially the differences in this kind of news between China and American,to find out the cultural reasons leading to inconsistencies.This study selects some of the disaster reports in People’s Daily and Washington Post to examine what are reported and how they are reported,and then uses Hofstede’s Theory of Cultural Dimension to explore the cultural values reflected in the different features of Chinese and American catastrophic news.The results show that China and the US are quiet different in power distance,collectivism or individualism,and uncertainty avoidance.

Cultures and Subcultures

A cross-cultural analysis of an extract of the book Lost in Translation is provided in the essay. Definitions of culture and subculture are discussed and different theories from Hofstede and Schwartz are referred to in order to validate the analysis.

The Impact of Employees＇ National/Regional Culture on the Adaptation to Organizational Culture

In respect of all forms of enterprises, whether it is a private or public institution, labor cohesion and productivity is one of the most emphasized issues. Culture, on the other hand, can be characterized as one of the inextricable and hardly ever alterable features of human kind. Whether the profession cohesion and accordingly productivity of those employed within a culture discrepant from their culture of origin both due to the effect of globalization and domestic conditions are culturally affected is a question of importance, which must be answered with regard to state, institution, and employee. The occupational obligation to work in various regions, encountered in public employees at a national scale, particularly in the fields of education and health, and identified with legislative regulations, has become a reason of preference due to economic justifications for private sector employees. Hofstede （1990）, who divides culture, in general, into two, national and organizational, has presented five parameters for the elucidation of cultures. These are ＂power distance＂, ＂individualism vs. collectivism＂, ＂masculinity vs. femininity＂, ＂uncertainty avoidance＂, and ＂long and short term orientation＂. By means of power distance, the conception by an organization or social structure of power distribution of its members is queried. In other words, the difficulty or simplicity in people establishing communication with more influential individuals of the society is evaluated. Individualism vs. collectivism is with regard to whether individuals consider themselves as a distinct individual or a member of a group. Masculinity vs. femininity is the parameter, explanatory of the mentality, rather than a form of gender discrimination. Masculine cultures attach more importance to competition, force, and achievement whereas feminine societies place emphasis on emotions and life quality. Uncertainty avoidance is associated with the attitude of societies towards uncertainties. While some may not pay attention to uncertainties, for others, situations without clear boundaries may be registered as a threat. Long and short term orientation is related to long or short term planned by＇ people and accordingly bearing expectations and in other respects, displays the past, present, and future oriented thinking tendency. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to identify the positive or negative impact of the culture of origin of university staff, to be designated in Istanbul/Turkey, on the organizational culture. By means of the results of the aforementioned study, the comparison of cohesion is in terms of ability to communicate and accordingly productivity, within the frame of Hofstede＇s cultural dimensions, between those employed within their culture （of origin） and those employed in different cultures. In pursuant of the results obtained from this study, an opinion can be formed for the regulations to be issued on the matter on national scale. At institutional scale, contributions can be made in the assessment of employee productivity from the aforesaid perspective and in terms of the employee, awareness can be raised on the impact of working within the body of different cultures.

Culture and Leadership in the 21 st Century

Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure of many national organizations to increased business competition. The increased competition has forced organizational leaders to engage in the understanding of the cultural limitations of organizations and their leadership practices. In addition, cross-cultural leadership researchers in 21st century are cognizant of the fact that culture is a condition, and a boundary to previous leadership theories and practices. Using Gerte Hofstede＇s cultural dimension model, culture and organizational leadership as they relate to the leadership practices of participants, and National and Family Cultures are examined in this revised paper.

Cross-culture Communication Patterns-Chinese and North American Communications:A case study

This study used a case study methodology and qualitative approach to discover cross-culture communication patterns between Chinese and North American.