Hydrophobic membrane can provide fast mass transfer for absorption-desorption of gasesform liquid to absorbent.The removal of ammonia from ammonia water and absorption with dilutesulphuric acid was studied in a pilot ...Hydrophobic membrane can provide fast mass transfer for absorption-desorption of gasesform liquid to absorbent.The removal of ammonia from ammonia water and absorption with dilutesulphuric acid was studied in a pilot plant with polypropylene hollow fiber column,The removalrate and influences of operation temperature,flow rate and concentration on mass transferperformances were discussed mathematically.Experimental results and computer calculation show thatthe ammonia removal rate is not affected by the feed concentration for a given system.Both partialand overall mass transfer coefficients vary along the axis of the fiber,and the mass transfer for themembrane process is controlled by membrane resistance.展开更多
Nitrate(NO_(3)^(−))electroreduction reaction(NO_(3)^(−)RR)provides an attractive and sustainable route for NO_(3)^(−)pollution mitigation or energy-saved ammonia(NH3)synthesis.In this work,high-quality B and Fe co-dop...Nitrate(NO_(3)^(−))electroreduction reaction(NO_(3)^(−)RR)provides an attractive and sustainable route for NO_(3)^(−)pollution mitigation or energy-saved ammonia(NH3)synthesis.In this work,high-quality B and Fe co-doped Co_(2) P hollow nanocubes(B/Fe-Co_(2) P HNCs)are successfully synthesized though simultaneous boronation-phosphorization treatment,which reveal outstanding selectivity,activity,stability for the NO_(3)^(−)to NH_(3) conversion in neutral electrolyte because of big surface area,fast mass transport,superhydrophilic surface,and optimized electronic structure.B/Fe-Co_(2) P HNCs can achieve the high NH3 yield rate(22.67 mg h^(−1) mg_(cat)^(−1))as well as Faradaic efficiency(97.54%)for NO_(3)^(−)RR,greatly outperforming most of non-precious metal based NO_(3)^(−)RR electrocatalysts.展开更多
Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)−RR)is an ideal route to produce ammonia(NH_(3))under ambient conditions.Although a markedly improved NH3 production rate has been achieved on the NO_(3)−RR compared wi...Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)−RR)is an ideal route to produce ammonia(NH_(3))under ambient conditions.Although a markedly improved NH3 production rate has been achieved on the NO_(3)−RR compared with the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),the NH_(3) production rate of NO_(3)−RR is still well below the industrial Haber-Bosch route due to the lack of robust electrocatalysts for yielding high current densitieswith concurrently good suppression of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,we describe an in situ electrochemical strategy for the synthesis of hollow carbon-coated Cu nanoparticles(NPs)(HSCu@C)with abundant grain boundaries(HSCu-AGB@C)for highly efficient NO_(3)−RR in both alkaline and neutral media.Impressively,in alkaline media,the HSCu-AGB@C can achieve a maximum NH3 Faradaic efficiency of 94.2% with an ultrahigh NH_(3) rate of 487.8 mmol g^(−1) cat h^(−1) at−0.2 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode,more than 2.4-fold of the rate obtained in the Haber-Bosch.Both theoretic computations and experimental results uncover that the grain boundaries play the key to improve the NO_(3)−RR performance.Herein,the industrial-scale NH_(3) production ratemay open exciting opportunities for the practical electrosynthesis NH_(3) under ambient conditions.展开更多
反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化（DAMO）过程可以由一种称为Methylomirabilis oxy f era的DAMO细菌在有或者没有DAMO古菌下完成．已经报道的DAMO过程的菌群富集时间长（一般需要7～18月），且DAMO体系反硝化速率低．利用中空纤维膜生物反应器（HFM...反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化（DAMO）过程可以由一种称为Methylomirabilis oxy f era的DAMO细菌在有或者没有DAMO古菌下完成．已经报道的DAMO过程的菌群富集时间长（一般需要7～18月），且DAMO体系反硝化速率低．利用中空纤维膜生物反应器（HFMB）提高甲烷的传质来试图实现快速启动DAMO反应，结果发现HFMB在不到3个月时间内就表现出DAMO反应，其反硝化速率达到50 mg · L －1· d－1硝酸盐氮．二代测序显示，HFMB中微生物以 A naerolineaceae ， A zospira ，CL500‐3占绝对优势，分别为39.08％，13.68％和11.54％，而 DAMO 细菌（Methylomirabilis）和与厌氧甲烷氧化有关的古菌 Methanosarcina分别占0.02％和0.13％，因此推测在HFMB中DAMO过程是由一群新的菌群主导完成．展开更多
文摘Hydrophobic membrane can provide fast mass transfer for absorption-desorption of gasesform liquid to absorbent.The removal of ammonia from ammonia water and absorption with dilutesulphuric acid was studied in a pilot plant with polypropylene hollow fiber column,The removalrate and influences of operation temperature,flow rate and concentration on mass transferperformances were discussed mathematically.Experimental results and computer calculation show thatthe ammonia removal rate is not affected by the feed concentration for a given system.Both partialand overall mass transfer coefficients vary along the axis of the fiber,and the mass transfer for themembrane process is controlled by membrane resistance.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.202203021222213)Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Scientific Research Initial Funding(No.20222091)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22073061)Science and Technology Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-CX-TD-27)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.GK202202001).
文摘Nitrate(NO_(3)^(−))electroreduction reaction(NO_(3)^(−)RR)provides an attractive and sustainable route for NO_(3)^(−)pollution mitigation or energy-saved ammonia(NH3)synthesis.In this work,high-quality B and Fe co-doped Co_(2) P hollow nanocubes(B/Fe-Co_(2) P HNCs)are successfully synthesized though simultaneous boronation-phosphorization treatment,which reveal outstanding selectivity,activity,stability for the NO_(3)^(−)to NH_(3) conversion in neutral electrolyte because of big surface area,fast mass transport,superhydrophilic surface,and optimized electronic structure.B/Fe-Co_(2) P HNCs can achieve the high NH3 yield rate(22.67 mg h^(−1) mg_(cat)^(−1))as well as Faradaic efficiency(97.54%)for NO_(3)^(−)RR,greatly outperforming most of non-precious metal based NO_(3)^(−)RR electrocatalysts.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation(NNSF)of China(nos.21975162 and 51902208)Shenzhen Government’s Plan of Science and Technology(nos.JCYJ20200109105803806 and JCYJ20190808142219049).
文摘Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)−RR)is an ideal route to produce ammonia(NH_(3))under ambient conditions.Although a markedly improved NH3 production rate has been achieved on the NO_(3)−RR compared with the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),the NH_(3) production rate of NO_(3)−RR is still well below the industrial Haber-Bosch route due to the lack of robust electrocatalysts for yielding high current densitieswith concurrently good suppression of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,we describe an in situ electrochemical strategy for the synthesis of hollow carbon-coated Cu nanoparticles(NPs)(HSCu@C)with abundant grain boundaries(HSCu-AGB@C)for highly efficient NO_(3)−RR in both alkaline and neutral media.Impressively,in alkaline media,the HSCu-AGB@C can achieve a maximum NH3 Faradaic efficiency of 94.2% with an ultrahigh NH_(3) rate of 487.8 mmol g^(−1) cat h^(−1) at−0.2 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode,more than 2.4-fold of the rate obtained in the Haber-Bosch.Both theoretic computations and experimental results uncover that the grain boundaries play the key to improve the NO_(3)−RR performance.Herein,the industrial-scale NH_(3) production ratemay open exciting opportunities for the practical electrosynthesis NH_(3) under ambient conditions.
文摘反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化（DAMO）过程可以由一种称为Methylomirabilis oxy f era的DAMO细菌在有或者没有DAMO古菌下完成．已经报道的DAMO过程的菌群富集时间长（一般需要7～18月），且DAMO体系反硝化速率低．利用中空纤维膜生物反应器（HFMB）提高甲烷的传质来试图实现快速启动DAMO反应，结果发现HFMB在不到3个月时间内就表现出DAMO反应，其反硝化速率达到50 mg · L －1· d－1硝酸盐氮．二代测序显示，HFMB中微生物以 A naerolineaceae ， A zospira ，CL500‐3占绝对优势，分别为39.08％，13.68％和11.54％，而 DAMO 细菌（Methylomirabilis）和与厌氧甲烷氧化有关的古菌 Methanosarcina分别占0.02％和0.13％，因此推测在HFMB中DAMO过程是由一群新的菌群主导完成．
