The present study considers the so-called air deck blasting,one of the most commonly used techniques for the improvement of blasting efficiency in mining applications.In particular,it aims to improve the operating con...The present study considers the so-called air deck blasting,one of the most commonly used techniques for the improvement of blasting efficiency in mining applications.In particular,it aims to improve the operating conditions of large-scale equipment,increase the efficiency of the slope enlarging process,and reduce the mining cost.These objectives are implemented through a two-fold approach where,first,a program for slope enlarging based on the middle air-deck charge blasting-loosening technology is proposed,and second,the physical mechanism responsible for the stress wave attenuation in the rock is analyzed in the framework of a Holmquist–Johnson–Cook constitutive model.Field test results verify that the proposed approach is highly efficient and economical when used in medium-hard rock blasting and thus provides a basis for the practical implementation of slope enlargement for high benches in Open-Pit Mines.展开更多
To reveal the dynamic mechanical characteristics of deep rocks,a series of impact tests under triaxial static stress states corresponding to depths of 300-2400 m were conducted.The results showed that both the strain ...To reveal the dynamic mechanical characteristics of deep rocks,a series of impact tests under triaxial static stress states corresponding to depths of 300-2400 m were conducted.The results showed that both the strain rates and the stress environments in depth significantly affect the mechanical characteristics of rocks.The sensitivity of strain rate to the dynamic strength and deformation modulus shows a negative correlation with depth,indicating that producing penetrative cracks in deep environments is more difficult when damage occurs.The dynamic strength shows a tendency to decrease and then increase slightly,but decreases sharply finally.Transmissivity demonstrates a similar trend as that of strength,whereas reflectivity indicates the opposite trend.Furthermore,two critical depths with high dynamically induced hazard possibilities based on the China Jinping Underground Laboratory(CJPL)were proposed for deep engineering.The first critical depth is 600-900 m,beyond which the sensitivity of rock dynamic characteristics to the strain rate and restraint of circumferential stress decrease,causing instability of surrounding rocks under axial stress condition.The second one lies at 1500-1800 m,where the wave impedance and dynamic strength of deep surrounding rocks drop sharply,and the dissipation energy presents a negative value.It suggests that the dynamic instability of deep surrounding rocks can be divided into dynamic load dominant and dynamic load induced types,depending on the second critical depth.展开更多
Strain hardening and strain rate play an important role in dynamic deformation and failure problems such as high-velocity impact cases.In this paper,a non-ordinary state-based peridynamic model for failure and damage ...Strain hardening and strain rate play an important role in dynamic deformation and failure problems such as high-velocity impact cases.In this paper,a non-ordinary state-based peridynamic model for failure and damage of concrete materials subjected to impacting condition is proposed,taking the advantages of both damage model and nonlocal peridynamic method.The Holmquist-Johnson-Cook(HJC)model describing the mechanical character and damage of concrete materials under large strain,high strain rate and high hydrostatic pressure was reformulated in the framework of non-ordinary statebased peridynamic theory,and the corresponding numerical approach was developed.The proposed model and numerical approach were validated through simulating typical impacting examples and comparing the results with available experimental observations and results in literature.展开更多
为研究弹体冲击混凝土构件形成的局部破坏特征,基于ANSYS/LS DYNA软件模拟了弹体以4种速度冲击混凝土的情况,采用Holmquist Johnson Cook(HJC)模型和以抗拉破坏为准则的单元失效较好地反映了混凝土在不同弹体速度时的正面成坑、背面震...为研究弹体冲击混凝土构件形成的局部破坏特征,基于ANSYS/LS DYNA软件模拟了弹体以4种速度冲击混凝土的情况,采用Holmquist Johnson Cook(HJC)模型和以抗拉破坏为准则的单元失效较好地反映了混凝土在不同弹体速度时的正面成坑、背面震塌及裂纹发展等现象,并对各个冲击过程进行了分析。数值模拟结果与理论分析结果吻合,符合人们对弹体冲击混凝土局部破坏特征的一般认识。展开更多
文摘The present study considers the so-called air deck blasting,one of the most commonly used techniques for the improvement of blasting efficiency in mining applications.In particular,it aims to improve the operating conditions of large-scale equipment,increase the efficiency of the slope enlarging process,and reduce the mining cost.These objectives are implemented through a two-fold approach where,first,a program for slope enlarging based on the middle air-deck charge blasting-loosening technology is proposed,and second,the physical mechanism responsible for the stress wave attenuation in the rock is analyzed in the framework of a Holmquist–Johnson–Cook constitutive model.Field test results verify that the proposed approach is highly efficient and economical when used in medium-hard rock blasting and thus provides a basis for the practical implementation of slope enlargement for high benches in Open-Pit Mines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1965203).
文摘To reveal the dynamic mechanical characteristics of deep rocks,a series of impact tests under triaxial static stress states corresponding to depths of 300-2400 m were conducted.The results showed that both the strain rates and the stress environments in depth significantly affect the mechanical characteristics of rocks.The sensitivity of strain rate to the dynamic strength and deformation modulus shows a negative correlation with depth,indicating that producing penetrative cracks in deep environments is more difficult when damage occurs.The dynamic strength shows a tendency to decrease and then increase slightly,but decreases sharply finally.Transmissivity demonstrates a similar trend as that of strength,whereas reflectivity indicates the opposite trend.Furthermore,two critical depths with high dynamically induced hazard possibilities based on the China Jinping Underground Laboratory(CJPL)were proposed for deep engineering.The first critical depth is 600-900 m,beyond which the sensitivity of rock dynamic characteristics to the strain rate and restraint of circumferential stress decrease,causing instability of surrounding rocks under axial stress condition.The second one lies at 1500-1800 m,where the wave impedance and dynamic strength of deep surrounding rocks drop sharply,and the dissipation energy presents a negative value.It suggests that the dynamic instability of deep surrounding rocks can be divided into dynamic load dominant and dynamic load induced types,depending on the second critical depth.
基金The authors acknowledge the support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC0406703)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51679077)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(No.2015B18314,2017B13014).
文摘Strain hardening and strain rate play an important role in dynamic deformation and failure problems such as high-velocity impact cases.In this paper,a non-ordinary state-based peridynamic model for failure and damage of concrete materials subjected to impacting condition is proposed,taking the advantages of both damage model and nonlocal peridynamic method.The Holmquist-Johnson-Cook(HJC)model describing the mechanical character and damage of concrete materials under large strain,high strain rate and high hydrostatic pressure was reformulated in the framework of non-ordinary statebased peridynamic theory,and the corresponding numerical approach was developed.The proposed model and numerical approach were validated through simulating typical impacting examples and comparing the results with available experimental observations and results in literature.
文摘为研究弹体冲击混凝土构件形成的局部破坏特征,基于ANSYS/LS DYNA软件模拟了弹体以4种速度冲击混凝土的情况,采用Holmquist Johnson Cook(HJC)模型和以抗拉破坏为准则的单元失效较好地反映了混凝土在不同弹体速度时的正面成坑、背面震塌及裂纹发展等现象,并对各个冲击过程进行了分析。数值模拟结果与理论分析结果吻合,符合人们对弹体冲击混凝土局部破坏特征的一般认识。
