Analysis of Distribution of Public Toilets within Walking Range around Communities of the Elderly under the Model of Community Home-based Care for the Elderly: A Case Study of Changxindian, Fengtai District, Beijing

In recent years,under the influence of multiple factors such as traditional ideas and living economic conditions,the aging population in China continues to increase.Most of the elderly are more inclined to aged at home,and the first places for elderly activities are communities and the surrounding environment,which greatly affects the convenience of life and happiness of the elderly.In this paper,Changxindian area in Fengtai District of Beijing was as the research object,and detailed calculation and analysis were carried out by using POI data and arcGIS software.The relative location of residential areas and surrounding public toilets was explored,and the best location of public toilets in the daily walking area under the model of community home-based care for the elderly was further studied.

Analysis of the Application Effect of Family Collaborative Care Model on Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Situation of Self-Care Ability

Objective: To study the application effect of the family collaborative care model on elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its influence on self-care ability. Methods: The elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (400 cases) treated in our hospital between March 2020 and July 2023 were divided into two groups by randomized grouping method;the control group received the conventional nursing program, while the observation group received the family collaborative nursing model. Blood glucose level, self-care ability, and quality of life were compared between the groups. Results: The blood glucose level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The self- care ability and quality of life scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The family collaborative care model for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can promote their self- care ability, improve the effect of glycemic control, and improve their quality of life, and is suitable for further promotion and application.

Analysis of the Effect of Integrated Extended Care Model in Improving the Quality of Life of Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To analyze the impact of an integrated extended care model on improving the quality of life of elderly patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 176 patients admitted to the hospital from March 2015 to February 2018 were selected and randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group, with 88 patients each. The control group implemented conventional nursing interventions, and the observation group carried out an integrated extended-care model. The level of glycemic control, quality of life, and daily medication adherence between both groups were compared. Results: The observation group showed significant improvement in the level of glycemic control, and their fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels were significantly lower as compared with those in the study group (P < 0.05). The quality of life of the patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group had a higher compliance score (95.48 ± 7.45) than the control group (81.31 ± 8.72) (t = 8.909, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The integrated extended care model allows patients to receive comprehensive and individualized nursing services after discharge, which improves the effect of drug therapy and the quality of life of patients.

Construction of Industrialization Development Model for"1+4+X"Community-Based Elderly Care in Gannan Old Revolutionary Base Area in the Context of Population Aging

In the context of controlling population development in a planned way,China entered an aging society in the early 21 st century.In this context,how to meet the needs of the elderly care and form an effective elderly care model has become a key problem to be solved urgently by local government departments.With the continuous advancement of the elderly care policy,the community-based elderly care has gradually become the mainstream and is in the stage of vigorous promotion.Taking the Gannan old revolutionary base area in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study puts forward"1+4+X"community-based elderly care model based on the policy system of community-based elderly care,the physical and mental health of the elderly,the material space and the construction of evaluation system,and explores how to promote the application of this community model efficiently in the form of industrialization,so as to drive the economic growth of the Gannan old revolutionary base area,promote the employment development and improve the community-based elderly care service.

Effects of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care on mood and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND With the intensification of social aging,the susceptibility of the elderly population to diseases has attracted increasing attention,especially chronic heart failure(CHF)that accounts for a large proportion of the elderly.AIM To evaluate the application value of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care in elderly patients with CHF.METHODS This study recruited 116 elderly CHF patients admitted from October 2018 to October 2020 and grouped them according to the nursing care that they received.The elderly patients who underwent health concept model-based detailed behavioral care were included in a study group(SG;n=62),and those who underwent routine detailed behavioral nursing intervention were included as a control group(CG;n=54).Patients’negative emotions(NEs),quality of life(QoL),and nutritional status were assessed using the self-rating anxiety/depression scale(SAS/SDS),the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ),and the Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment(MQSGA)of nutrition,respectively.Differences in rehabilitation efficiency,NEs,cardiac function(CF)indexes,nutritional status,QoL,and nursing satisfaction were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS A higher response rate was recorded in the SG vs the CG after intervention(P<0.05).After care,the left ventricular ejection fraction was higher while the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end systolic diameter were lower in the SG compared with the CG(P<0.05).The post-intervention SAS and SDS scores,as well as MQSGA and MLHFQ scores,were also lower in the SG(P<0.05).The SG was also superior to the CG in the overall nursing satisfaction rate(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Health concept model-based detailed behavioral care has high application value in the nursing care of elderly CHF patients,and it can not only effectively enhance rehabilitation efficiency,but also mitigate patients’NEs and improve their CF and QoL.

Research Progress on the Home-based Healthcare Plan for the Elderly with Chronic Diseases

Objective:To develop a home-based care plan for the elderly person with chronic diseases based on the status of their home-based care needs and relevant literature.Methods:The clinical data consisted of 132 patients who were 60-year-old or older with chronic diseases from June 2019 to May 2020 were selected and categorized into control and treatment groups of 66 patients each.For the experimental group,a care team for chronically ill elderly receiving regular post-treatment bome-based care.Meanwhile,a general clinical care team for chronically ill elderly receiving regular treatment for the control group.The effectiveness of these two healthcare models was evaluated and analyzed.Results:Results showed that satisfaction and effectiveness of home-based care among the elderly with chronic diseases were statistically better(P<0.05)than those in the usual care group.Conclusion:Providing home-based care services to elderly patients with chronic illnesses helps them to improve their chronic disease condition,patients are more receptive to home care,and patients have higher rates of recovery and treatment satisfaction.

Why Do We Care for Old Parents? Evolutionary Genetic Model of Elderly Caring

From the standpoint of evolution, caring for old parents may be maladaptive, because they have ceased reproduction, so that the benefit for inclusive fitness may not be expected. Then why do we care for old parents? In this study, the evolution of care for the elderly was examined, by using an evolutionary genetic model, in which pleiotropic constraints between behaviors expressed in different social contexts among family members were assumed. It was suggested that establishing a solid relationship with parents during infancy should be selectively favorable, even though old parents have to be cared for in the future, but that caring for old parents may be excluded from the population if this behavior imposes high costs on reproduction of the younger generation. Despite the diminishing numbers of individuals within the population, care for the elderly may not be readily selected against, but at the same time this may not contribute to the rate of increase in population size. The significance of discussing the behavior of elderly caring from the standpoint of evolutionary genetics was emphasized.

Empirical Study and Model Construction on the Efficiency of the Different Urban Elderly Care Modes Based on Complex Scientific Management

For the problem of improving the efficiency and optimizing the resource allocation in urban elderly care,by using complex scientific management method and the empirical analysis on the efficiency of the urban elderly care modes,this paper proposes that the key is to balance supply efficiency between the long-term and short-term elderly care modes.The short-term pattern is to enhance urban residents’confidence,and the long-term one promotes the sustainable development of the elderly care to prevent the aged poverty due to oldness and illness.This paper suggests that the building of"government assistance+community leadership+enterprise cultivation"mode can improve the overall efficiency of the urban elderly care to reach the Pareto optima,and fulfil the goals of the urban elderly care by providing a security and enjoyable life.

老年疾病医疗服务模式社区干预试验效果评价

目的评价北京老年疾病医疗服务模式社区干预试验的效果。方法采用设有对照且前后测量的类实验设计,对干预组和对照组人群于基线和终末分别进行两次抽样调查,并采用倍差法进行多元统计分析以评价干预的净效果。结果项目干预使得干预对象骨关节病知识得分平均增加了0.479分,对骨质疏松、痛风的得分没有影响;干预组较对照组吸烟行为习惯降低了6.8%,饮酒行为习惯降低了6.3%,不良睡眠行为习惯降低了15.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预使调查对象对候诊时间、服务态度的满意度分别提高了38.9%、15.8%,对双向转诊、随访服务、技术水平、规范化管理4项服务的满意度评价没有影响。结论项目干预在一定程度上改善了老年人的不良健康行为;但由于项目干预的时间较短,且大多数干预措施的直接作用对象为社区医务人员,因此干预对老年人健康知识得分及满意度评价的影响不明显,干预效果尚待进一步观察。

医养结合老年长期照护模式的运行实践

目的探讨医养结合老年长期照护模式的运行。方法以护理程序为框架,从入住评估、制订并实施照护计划、动态评价照护效果几个阶段践行医养结合老年长期照护模式。结果我院老年护养中心医养结合老年长期照护模式成功运行,老人对中心的服务满意度达98%。结论医养结合老年长期照护模式能够成功运行,值得广泛推广。

老年疾病医疗服务模式评价指标体系研究

目的运用特尔菲法构建北京老年疾病医疗服务模式评价指标体系并确定各指标的权重。方法根据研究主题选择专家,采用特尔菲法进行问卷咨询。结果 19位参与问卷咨询的专家大部分具有副高级及以上职称,从事专业包括老年病管理、卫生行政管理、卫生管理教学、临床医学等。两轮咨询专家的权威系数分别为0.68和0.69,第二轮专家的协调系数为0.264。两轮咨询后形成的评价指标体系包括4项一级指标、15项二级指标及46项三级指标。结论初步构建了北京老年疾病医疗服务模式的评价指标体系并确定了各指标的权重,为今后此模式在其他地区的推广应用提供了一个可操作的测量工具。

合作社融入农村养老供给的逻辑、模式与效应

近年来,一种新型的养老模式——合作社养老开始在国内各地流行。那么,合作社能否融入农村养老供给以及合作社融入农村养老供给的逻辑和机制是什么?其有哪些运作模式以及实践中会出现哪些问题?通过实地调查,结合案例对这些问题展开了深入分析。从生成逻辑上看,合作社融入农村养老供给符合其本质规定的价值伦理,也符合其逐利的工具理性,并在一定程度上沿袭了合作社服务社会的历史传统。在具体实践中,合作社融入农村养老供给在实现其经济效益的同时,也产生了很大的社会效益,并呈现出物质资源输出型、照料资源输出型和精神资源输出型三种运作形态,但在服务水平、利益联结、盈利能力和发展目标方面还存在一些问题。对此,提出了四个方面的改进建议,即提高养老服务水平,积极引导老人入社养老;盘活农村闲置资源,完善利益联结机制;探索开放经营模式,提高养老项目盈利能力;完善相关政策法规,为合作社融入农村养老供给提供制度保障。

社区居家养老模式中日间照顾中心服务体系的构建

结合20世纪50年代于英国率先提出来的社区照顾以及美国、香港、新加坡等发达国家和地区的养老照顾模式,介绍了在我国正处于推广阶段的社区居家养老模式,重点展开对日间照顾中心的探讨与分析,提出了构建日间照顾中心服务体系的必要性及现实问题,并从社会工作的专业视角出发为构建工作提出了建议,以便为老年人提供更加以人为本的照顾和护理服务。

合作社养老:运行逻辑、实践检视与未来展望

从合作社的内涵与社会责任角度,阐述了合作社提供养老服务的可能性与重要性,解释了合作社发展与农村养老演化之间的理论自洽性,并结合典型案例,总结归纳了当下合作社养老实践中的经验及不足。研究发现:合作社在理论上是可以发挥养老服务功能的,并在具体实践中形成了不同的服务模式,但在制度规范、服务水平与可持续发展方面仍存在一些问题。对此,可从完善政府监督管理体制与法规体系、贴近农民的养老生活进行底层设计、不断创新养老供给机制、强化合作社养老的理论研究等方面来加以解决。

郊区生态休闲养老:城市养老保障新模式

本文以北京市为例,分析了随着城市老龄化的进程出现的城市养老问题,提出了郊区生态休闲养老产业是解决城市养老问题的途径之一,同时可以带动当地经济的发展,为农民带来经济收入,为生态资源良好的郊区提供一个经济、社会、生态三赢的发展模式的切入口,促进城乡和谐发展。

不同长期照料服务供给下的失能老人长期照料模式选择

[目的]探究长期照料服务供给(医疗康复服务供给、精神慰藉服务供给、日常生活照料服务供给)对失能老人长期照料模式选择的影响。[方法]抽取中国健康长寿纵向调查(CLHLS)2008年数据的长期失能老人样本进行列联表分析。[结果]对失能老人长期照料模式的选择均有显著影响的因素是:1医疗康复服务包括上门医疗服务(P<0.01)、社区健康教育(P<0.01)、医疗保险情况(P<0.05);2精神慰藉服务包括社区精神慰藉服务(P<0.01)、社会活动与娱乐活动(P<0.01);3日常生活照料服务包括社区起居照料服务(P<0.01)、社区日常购物服务(P<0.01)。[结论]长期照料服务供给对失能老人长期照料模式的选择具有显著影响。

基于SWOT分析的中医药医养结合养老服务模式研究

随着我国老龄化程度不断加深,养老问题成为人们必须面对的课题。医养结合是养老服务体系中最核心的部分,也是最基础的服务模式,中医药是中华民族的瑰宝,在养老服务过程中发挥着不可替代的作用。基于SWOT分析法探讨中医药医养结合养老服务的优势、机遇、劣势和挑战,并针对性地提出对策建议,进一步加强监督管理、强化专业人才培养、发展养老产业。以期为我国中医药医养结合养老服务体系构建提供参考。

北京市老年疾病医疗服务模式成本测算研究

目的测算北京市老年疾病医疗服务模式的成本,为经济学分析与评价提供数据支持,并为政府制定预算补助和医疗服务收费标准提供依据。方法 2010年10月—2011年3月采用文献研究、问卷调查和访谈收集成本数据,通过非参与式观察确定医务人员有效工作时间。结果老年疾病医疗服务模式实际服务一个老年人每年需要的成本为183.67元,预期推广后的成本参考值为133.58元。结论准确的成本测算有助于确定合理的政府补偿标准,促进社区卫生服务机构提供良好的公共卫生服务。

持续护理干预对老年高血压的影响

目的观察采取持续护理干预措施后老年高血压患者的影响。方法选择2011年3月~2012年12月来我院住院治疗的高血压极高危组患者160例,随机分为对照组（A组）和持续护理组（B组）,每组患者80例。其中A组采用常规护理模式,B组采用持续护理模式,护理过程中每天对患者医疗的依从性和护理满意度进行评价;患者入院治疗的第7天检测患者血压变异性;观察两组患者住院治疗期间急性心肌梗死发生情况并记录。结果 B组患者医疗依从性和护理满意度均明显较A组高（P〈0.05）。B组24h SBPs、24h DBPs和24h MAPs均较A组低（P〈0.05）。B组患者住院期间AMI的发生率显著低于A组（P〈0.05）。结论对住院老年高血压患者采取持续护理干预措施可以提高患者的医疗依从性和护理满意度,降低患者血压变异性和AMI发生率。

基于Kano模型的养老机构老年人护理服务需求属性分析

目的分析养老机构老年人护理服务需求属性,为制订针对性干预措施提供参考。方法基于Kano模型设计养老机构老年人护理服务需求调查问卷,对天津市7所养老机构共687名老年人进行调查。结果养老机构老年人护理服务需求34个条目中,魅力属性需求10条(29.4%),均位于保留区Ⅳ;期望属性需求10条(29.4%),其中7条位于优势区Ⅰ;必备属性需求11条(32.4%),其中7条位于待改进区Ⅱ;无差异属性需求3条(8.8%),均位于次要改进区Ⅲ。生理健康与医疗需要维度中,魅力属性2条,期望属性4条,必备属性5条,无差异属性1条;安全需要维度中,期望属性1条,必备属性4条,无差异属性2条;尊重需要维度中,魅力属性1条,期望属性3条,必备属性2条;爱与归属需要维度中,魅力属性4条,期望属性2条;自我实现需要维度的3条均为魅力属性。结论养老机构老年人必备、期望属性护理服务需求主要集中在生理健康与医疗、安全及尊重需要,魅力属性需求主要集中在爱与归属、自我实现需要。养老机构应在维持和完善必备、期望属性需求的基础上,发展和创新魅力属性需求,客观分析和优化改造无差异属性需求。