Copper(Cu)is recognized as one of the most efficient metal catalysts that can perform the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)and its surface oxidation state determines the reaction pathway.The Cuδ+(0...Copper(Cu)is recognized as one of the most efficient metal catalysts that can perform the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)and its surface oxidation state determines the reaction pathway.The Cuδ+(0<δ<1)species,are well known active sites in CO_(2)RR to produce hydrocarbons and oxygenates.However,Cuδ+active sites are difficult to control,and it is very easy to be reduced to Cu^(0) under CO_(2)RR operating conditions.Herein,we report a homo-hetero doping strategy to construct an efficient samarium(Sm)and sulfur(S)co-doping catalyst(Smx-CuSy)for CO_(2)RR to formic acid(HCOOH).At optimum conditions,Smx-CuSy delivered a high HCOOH Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 92.1%at the current density of 300 mA·cm^(–2) using 1 mol/L KOH aqueous solution as electrolyte,and the reduction potential was as low as–0.52 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).The co-doping of Sm and S resulted in excellent CO_(2)RR performance owing to the synergistic effect of the homo-hetero structure.The homo-doping of S could effectively adjust the electronic structure of Cu in favor of the formation of abundant Cu^(δ+)species.The existence of hetero-Sm species could not only stabilize the Cu^(δ+)sites,but also increase the concentration of H ions to form a favorable catalytic environment for HCOOH generation.展开更多
为给今后复合发酵添加剂的开发提供新的途径,研究了纤维素分解菌与乳酸菌复合发酵情况下二者数量均达到最优值的发酵剂量。采用响应曲面设计法,设计乳酸菌(LAB)和真菌的数量为响应值,求出响应值均为最大时的自变量值。自变量为同、异型...为给今后复合发酵添加剂的开发提供新的途径,研究了纤维素分解菌与乳酸菌复合发酵情况下二者数量均达到最优值的发酵剂量。采用响应曲面设计法,设计乳酸菌(LAB)和真菌的数量为响应值,求出响应值均为最大时的自变量值。自变量为同、异型发酵LAB和纤维素分解菌添加比例及添加剂量,其中同型[植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)+戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)]、异型[布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)]发酵LAB的添加量均为1×105、3×105和5×105cfu·g^(-1)(即5、5.48、5.70 lg cfu·g^(-1)),纤维素分解菌的比例为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)∶绿色木霉菌(Trichoderma viride)∶枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)=1∶1∶2、1∶2∶1和2∶1∶1,纤维素分解菌的添加剂量为0.1%、0.2%和0.3%。LAB和真菌的数量的测定采用传统菌种计数法计数。结果表明:建立的LAB和真菌数量的二次多项式模型显著性分别为P<0.01和P=0.03,R2分别为0.95和0.74。其中同、异型发酵LAB的添加量及其交互作用对LAB数量的曲面效应影响显著(P<0.05)。真菌的添加量以及同、异型发酵LAB的交互作用对真菌数量的曲面效应影响显著(P<0.05)。最终优化结果为同型发酵LAB添加量为5×105cfu·g^(-1)(5.70 lg cfu·g^(-1)),异型发酵LAB添加量为4.7×105cfu·g^(-1)(5.67 lg cfu·g^(-1)),纤维素分解菌比例为2∶1∶1,添加量为0.3%。展开更多
Asy (apoptosis/saibousi Yutsudo) is a novel apoptosis-inducing gene found in 1999 by Yutsudo group in Japan. In 2000, Qi Bing et al. cloned another novel gene, named hap (homo-logue of ASY protein), which encoded the ...Asy (apoptosis/saibousi Yutsudo) is a novel apoptosis-inducing gene found in 1999 by Yutsudo group in Japan. In 2000, Qi Bing et al. cloned another novel gene, named hap (homo-logue of ASY protein), which encoded the ASY interacting protein, from human lung cell line (WI-38) cDNA library by using yeast two-hybrid system. It has been proved that ASY formed homodimer in yeast and human cell line, ASY and HAP formed heterodimer in yeast cells, and both induced cell apoptosis in human tumor cell lines Sao2 and CGL4. This paper showed that HAP could form homodimer in yeast cells by yeast two-hybrid system; HAP and ASY could pro-duce heterodimer in human cell line by cross-immunoprecipitation test; by using apoptosis-testing technologies such as AnnexinV, TUNEL, DNA ladder and Flow Cytometry, the cell apoptosis in human normal or tumor cell lines transfected with hap or asy individually or cotransfected by the both was qualified or quantified. It was firstly demonstrated that ASY or HAP induced cell apop-tosis not only in human tumor cell lines, but also in human normal cell lines. Moreover, we proved that the heterodimer between ASY and HAP decreased apoptosis-inducing activity from the homodimer of ASY or HAP. It revealed that by choosing to form heterodimer or homodimer be-tween ASY and / or HAP is an important mechanism of regulating apoptosis in human cell lines.展开更多
The authors have reported their recent progress in the research field of ZnO materials as well as the corresponding global advance. Recent results regarding（1） the development of high-quality epitaxy techniques,（2...The authors have reported their recent progress in the research field of ZnO materials as well as the corresponding global advance. Recent results regarding（1） the development of high-quality epitaxy techniques,（2） the defect physics and the Te/N co-doping mechanism for p-type conduction, and（3） the design, realization,and properties of the ZnMgO/ZnO hetero-structures have been shown and discussed. A complete technology of the growth of high-quality ZnO epi-films and nano-crystals has been developed. The co-doping of N plus an isovalent element to oxygen has been found to be the most hopeful path to overcome the notorious p-type hurdle. High mobility electrons have been observed in low-dimensional structures utilizing the polarization of ZnMgO and ZnO.Very different properties as well as new physics of the electrons in 2DEG and 3DES have been found as compared to the electrons in the bulk.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22022307,22279146,22102192,22033009,21890761,22121002)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-050)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0710203)Photon Science Center for Carbon Neutrality,and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20200336 and 2020M680680)In situ X-ray adsorption spectroscopy was conducted at 1W2B beamline station of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
文摘Copper(Cu)is recognized as one of the most efficient metal catalysts that can perform the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)and its surface oxidation state determines the reaction pathway.The Cuδ+(0<δ<1)species,are well known active sites in CO_(2)RR to produce hydrocarbons and oxygenates.However,Cuδ+active sites are difficult to control,and it is very easy to be reduced to Cu^(0) under CO_(2)RR operating conditions.Herein,we report a homo-hetero doping strategy to construct an efficient samarium(Sm)and sulfur(S)co-doping catalyst(Smx-CuSy)for CO_(2)RR to formic acid(HCOOH).At optimum conditions,Smx-CuSy delivered a high HCOOH Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 92.1%at the current density of 300 mA·cm^(–2) using 1 mol/L KOH aqueous solution as electrolyte,and the reduction potential was as low as–0.52 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).The co-doping of Sm and S resulted in excellent CO_(2)RR performance owing to the synergistic effect of the homo-hetero structure.The homo-doping of S could effectively adjust the electronic structure of Cu in favor of the formation of abundant Cu^(δ+)species.The existence of hetero-Sm species could not only stabilize the Cu^(δ+)sites,but also increase the concentration of H ions to form a favorable catalytic environment for HCOOH generation.
文摘为给今后复合发酵添加剂的开发提供新的途径,研究了纤维素分解菌与乳酸菌复合发酵情况下二者数量均达到最优值的发酵剂量。采用响应曲面设计法,设计乳酸菌(LAB)和真菌的数量为响应值,求出响应值均为最大时的自变量值。自变量为同、异型发酵LAB和纤维素分解菌添加比例及添加剂量,其中同型[植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)+戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)]、异型[布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)]发酵LAB的添加量均为1×105、3×105和5×105cfu·g^(-1)(即5、5.48、5.70 lg cfu·g^(-1)),纤维素分解菌的比例为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)∶绿色木霉菌(Trichoderma viride)∶枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)=1∶1∶2、1∶2∶1和2∶1∶1,纤维素分解菌的添加剂量为0.1%、0.2%和0.3%。LAB和真菌的数量的测定采用传统菌种计数法计数。结果表明:建立的LAB和真菌数量的二次多项式模型显著性分别为P<0.01和P=0.03,R2分别为0.95和0.74。其中同、异型发酵LAB的添加量及其交互作用对LAB数量的曲面效应影响显著(P<0.05)。真菌的添加量以及同、异型发酵LAB的交互作用对真菌数量的曲面效应影响显著(P<0.05)。最终优化结果为同型发酵LAB添加量为5×105cfu·g^(-1)(5.70 lg cfu·g^(-1)),异型发酵LAB添加量为4.7×105cfu·g^(-1)(5.67 lg cfu·g^(-1)),纤维素分解菌比例为2∶1∶1,添加量为0.3%。
文摘Asy (apoptosis/saibousi Yutsudo) is a novel apoptosis-inducing gene found in 1999 by Yutsudo group in Japan. In 2000, Qi Bing et al. cloned another novel gene, named hap (homo-logue of ASY protein), which encoded the ASY interacting protein, from human lung cell line (WI-38) cDNA library by using yeast two-hybrid system. It has been proved that ASY formed homodimer in yeast and human cell line, ASY and HAP formed heterodimer in yeast cells, and both induced cell apoptosis in human tumor cell lines Sao2 and CGL4. This paper showed that HAP could form homodimer in yeast cells by yeast two-hybrid system; HAP and ASY could pro-duce heterodimer in human cell line by cross-immunoprecipitation test; by using apoptosis-testing technologies such as AnnexinV, TUNEL, DNA ladder and Flow Cytometry, the cell apoptosis in human normal or tumor cell lines transfected with hap or asy individually or cotransfected by the both was qualified or quantified. It was firstly demonstrated that ASY or HAP induced cell apop-tosis not only in human tumor cell lines, but also in human normal cell lines. Moreover, we proved that the heterodimer between ASY and HAP decreased apoptosis-inducing activity from the homodimer of ASY or HAP. It revealed that by choosing to form heterodimer or homodimer be-tween ASY and / or HAP is an important mechanism of regulating apoptosis in human cell lines.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61025020,61274058,61322403,61504057,61574075)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK2011437,BK20130013,BK20150585)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The authors have reported their recent progress in the research field of ZnO materials as well as the corresponding global advance. Recent results regarding（1） the development of high-quality epitaxy techniques,（2） the defect physics and the Te/N co-doping mechanism for p-type conduction, and（3） the design, realization,and properties of the ZnMgO/ZnO hetero-structures have been shown and discussed. A complete technology of the growth of high-quality ZnO epi-films and nano-crystals has been developed. The co-doping of N plus an isovalent element to oxygen has been found to be the most hopeful path to overcome the notorious p-type hurdle. High mobility electrons have been observed in low-dimensional structures utilizing the polarization of ZnMgO and ZnO.Very different properties as well as new physics of the electrons in 2DEG and 3DES have been found as compared to the electrons in the bulk.
