CuO-CeO2 catalysts were prepared by a urea precipitation method for the oxidative steam reforming of ethanol at low-temperature.The catalytic performance was evaluated and the catalysts were characterized by inductive...CuO-CeO2 catalysts were prepared by a urea precipitation method for the oxidative steam reforming of ethanol at low-temperature.The catalytic performance was evaluated and the catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,temperature-programmed reduction,field emission scanning electron microscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis.Over CuOCeO2 catalysts,H2 with low CO content was produced in the whole tested temperature range of 250–450 C.The non-noble metal catalyst 20CuCe showed higher H2production rate than 1%Rh/CeO2 catalyst at 300–400 C and the advantage was more obvious after 20 h testing at400 C.These results further confirmed that CuO-CeO2 catalysts may be suitable candidates for low temperature hydrogen production from ethanol.展开更多
Subject Code:B03 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Ma Ding(马丁)from Peking University,Prof.Zhou Wu(周武)from the University ...Subject Code:B03 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Ma Ding(马丁)from Peking University,Prof.Zhou Wu(周武)from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Prof.Wen Xiaodong(温晓东)from the Institute of展开更多
A homogeneous catalyst [Cp＊Rh（NH3）（H2O）2]-（3＋） has been found for the clean conversion of methanol and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The simple and easily available reaction steps can circumvent the fo...A homogeneous catalyst [Cp＊Rh（NH3）（H2O）2]-（3＋） has been found for the clean conversion of methanol and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The simple and easily available reaction steps can circumvent the formation of CO, therefore, making it possible to avoid inactivating catalysts and contaminating the hydrogen fuel. Different from conventional reforming method for hydrogen production, no additional alkaline or organic substances are required in this method. Valuable hydrogen can be obtained under ambient pressure at 70 C, corresponding TOF is 83.2 h 1. This is an unprecedented success in reforming methanol to hydrogen. Effects of reaction conditions, such as reaction temperature, initial methanol concentration and the initial p H value of buffer solution on the hydrogen evolution are all systematically investigated. In a certain range, higher reaction temperature will accelerate reaction rate. The slightly acidic condition is conducive to rapid hydrogen production. These findings are of great significance to the present establishment of the carbon-neutral methanol economy.展开更多
甲醇具有结构简单、含氢量高、产能大等优点,利用甲醇与水蒸气进行重整是一种节能高效的现场制氢方式。甲醇水蒸气重整(MSR)与燃料电池联用能够实现多场景应用,但由于反应温度较高(250~300℃),存在启动速度较慢、副产CO含量较高和热效...甲醇具有结构简单、含氢量高、产能大等优点,利用甲醇与水蒸气进行重整是一种节能高效的现场制氢方式。甲醇水蒸气重整(MSR)与燃料电池联用能够实现多场景应用,但由于反应温度较高(250~300℃),存在启动速度较慢、副产CO含量较高和热效率较低等问题。低温甲醇水重整(LT-Methanol Water Reforming,LT-MWR)包括低温甲醇水蒸气重整(LT-MSR)与液相甲醇水重整(Aqueous-phase Reforming of Methanol,APRM),反应通常在200℃以下进行,同时保持较高的反应活性,进而能够减少预热时间、减弱副反应发生,且能与燃料电池实现更强的热耦合。本工作首先介绍了商用催化剂优异的性能与存在的缺陷,然后对低温甲醇水重整制氢催化剂,诸如Cu基催化剂、贵金属催化剂与光协同催化剂的研究进展进行了回顾。归纳了低温铜基催化剂的改性策略,包括合成方法、结构设计与元素掺杂。对国内外商用CuZnAlO_(x)催化剂结构与性能的测试表明,其转化率高和稳定性好,存在的缺陷是价格较贵且在低温区催化活性急剧下降。Cu基催化剂活性受温度影响较大,在低温区活性很低,但通过适当的改性能够实现其应用价值,其改性策略包括合成方法、结构设计与元素掺杂。贵金属催化剂低温下活性较高,但存在价格昂贵、合成复杂等缺点。光协同催化剂则是在光照条件下进行催化重整,尚处于研究阶段。对于Cu基催化剂,合成方法的改进能够大大改善催化剂的微观混合程度与可重现性。适当的结构设计可提升催化剂的比表面积与热稳定性。元素掺杂则能够提升活性组分的分散度,修饰催化剂表面结构。三种改性策略能够有效提升Cu基催化剂低温下甲醇重整制氢的性能,在保持较高活性的同时,降低CO副产物的含量。展望了低温甲醇水重整制氢催化剂的发展前景和挑战,对催化剂的开发与应用有指导意义。要点:(1)低温甲醇重整制氢可大幅降低CO含量。(2)低温技术有助于提升甲醇重整—燃料电池系统热效率。(3)合成方法、晶型结构和元素掺杂的改进可有效提升Cu基催化剂低温性能。展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB732304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21177142 and 20973193)
文摘CuO-CeO2 catalysts were prepared by a urea precipitation method for the oxidative steam reforming of ethanol at low-temperature.The catalytic performance was evaluated and the catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,temperature-programmed reduction,field emission scanning electron microscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis.Over CuOCeO2 catalysts,H2 with low CO content was produced in the whole tested temperature range of 250–450 C.The non-noble metal catalyst 20CuCe showed higher H2production rate than 1%Rh/CeO2 catalyst at 300–400 C and the advantage was more obvious after 20 h testing at400 C.These results further confirmed that CuO-CeO2 catalysts may be suitable candidates for low temperature hydrogen production from ethanol.
文摘Subject Code:B03 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Ma Ding(马丁)from Peking University,Prof.Zhou Wu(周武)from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Prof.Wen Xiaodong(温晓东)from the Institute of
基金financial support granted by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(Nos.2016YFA0200700 and 2016YFE0105700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21373264 and 21573275)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20150362)Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nanobionics(No.Y3AAA11004)Thousand Youth Talents Plan(No.Y3BQA11001)
文摘A homogeneous catalyst [Cp＊Rh（NH3）（H2O）2]-（3＋） has been found for the clean conversion of methanol and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The simple and easily available reaction steps can circumvent the formation of CO, therefore, making it possible to avoid inactivating catalysts and contaminating the hydrogen fuel. Different from conventional reforming method for hydrogen production, no additional alkaline or organic substances are required in this method. Valuable hydrogen can be obtained under ambient pressure at 70 C, corresponding TOF is 83.2 h 1. This is an unprecedented success in reforming methanol to hydrogen. Effects of reaction conditions, such as reaction temperature, initial methanol concentration and the initial p H value of buffer solution on the hydrogen evolution are all systematically investigated. In a certain range, higher reaction temperature will accelerate reaction rate. The slightly acidic condition is conducive to rapid hydrogen production. These findings are of great significance to the present establishment of the carbon-neutral methanol economy.
文摘甲醇具有结构简单、含氢量高、产能大等优点,利用甲醇与水蒸气进行重整是一种节能高效的现场制氢方式。甲醇水蒸气重整(MSR)与燃料电池联用能够实现多场景应用,但由于反应温度较高(250~300℃),存在启动速度较慢、副产CO含量较高和热效率较低等问题。低温甲醇水重整(LT-Methanol Water Reforming,LT-MWR)包括低温甲醇水蒸气重整(LT-MSR)与液相甲醇水重整(Aqueous-phase Reforming of Methanol,APRM),反应通常在200℃以下进行,同时保持较高的反应活性,进而能够减少预热时间、减弱副反应发生,且能与燃料电池实现更强的热耦合。本工作首先介绍了商用催化剂优异的性能与存在的缺陷,然后对低温甲醇水重整制氢催化剂,诸如Cu基催化剂、贵金属催化剂与光协同催化剂的研究进展进行了回顾。归纳了低温铜基催化剂的改性策略,包括合成方法、结构设计与元素掺杂。对国内外商用CuZnAlO_(x)催化剂结构与性能的测试表明,其转化率高和稳定性好,存在的缺陷是价格较贵且在低温区催化活性急剧下降。Cu基催化剂活性受温度影响较大,在低温区活性很低,但通过适当的改性能够实现其应用价值,其改性策略包括合成方法、结构设计与元素掺杂。贵金属催化剂低温下活性较高,但存在价格昂贵、合成复杂等缺点。光协同催化剂则是在光照条件下进行催化重整,尚处于研究阶段。对于Cu基催化剂,合成方法的改进能够大大改善催化剂的微观混合程度与可重现性。适当的结构设计可提升催化剂的比表面积与热稳定性。元素掺杂则能够提升活性组分的分散度,修饰催化剂表面结构。三种改性策略能够有效提升Cu基催化剂低温下甲醇重整制氢的性能,在保持较高活性的同时,降低CO副产物的含量。展望了低温甲醇水重整制氢催化剂的发展前景和挑战,对催化剂的开发与应用有指导意义。要点:(1)低温甲醇重整制氢可大幅降低CO含量。(2)低温技术有助于提升甲醇重整—燃料电池系统热效率。(3)合成方法、晶型结构和元素掺杂的改进可有效提升Cu基催化剂低温性能。
