The status and development strategy of coalbed methane industry in China

To achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality under the backgrounds of poor resource endowments, weak theoretical basis and other factors, the development of the coalbed methane industry of China faces many bottlenecks and challenges. This paper systematically analyzes the coalbed methane resources, key technologies and progress, exploration effect and production performance in China and abroad. The main problems are summarized as low exploration degree, low technical adaptability, low return on investment and small development scale. This study suggests that the coalbed methane industry in China should follow the “two-step”(short-term and long-term) development strategy. The short-term action before 2030, can be divided into two stages:(1) From the present to 2025, to achieve new breakthroughs in theory and technology, and accomplish the target of annual production of 10 billion cubic meters;(2) From 2025 to 2030, to form the technologies suitable for most geological conditions, further expand the industry scale, and achieve an annual output of 30 billion cubic meters, improving the proportion of coalbed methane in the total natural gas production. The long-term action after 2030 is to gradually realize an annual production of 100 billion cubic meters. The strategic countermeasure to achieve the above goals is to adhere to “technology+management dual wheel drive”, realize the synchronous progress of technology and management, and promote the high-quality development of the coalbed methane industry. Technically, the efforts will focus on fine and effective development of coalbed methane in the medium to shallow layers of mature fields, effective development of coalbed methane in new fields, extensive and beneficial development of deep coalbed methane, three-dimensional comingled development of coalbed methane, applying new technologies such as coalbed methane displacement by carbon dioxide, microwave heating and stimulation technology, ultrasonic stimulation, high-temperature heat injection stimulation, rock breaking by high-energy laser. In terms of management, the efforts will focus on coordinative innovation of resource, technology, talent, policy and investment, with technological innovation as the core, to realize an all-round and integrated management and promote the development of coalbed methane industry at a high level.

The Key Factor of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) in the History of the Contribution of Mining Industry to the Prosperity of the United States and South Africa: A Review

Mining industry has significantly contributed to the prosperity of the nation with economic growth, whereas mining operation has caused Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) with the abandonment of mines. As some researchers suggest, the history of AMD is, generally, affected by the change in not only mining industry but also in social and economic conditions. Thus, historical analysis is an effective way to find the key factors of AMD. In this study, in order to find the key factors of AMD, we examine the history of the United States (U.S.) and South Africa, where their economy had been developed owing to the large-scale mining, based on the findings in the previous studies. The results indicated that the abandoned mines due to the economic depression triggered AMD in the U.S. and South Africa. While the U.S. had progressively adopted anti-AMD methods in terms of prevention, prediction, and remediation (PPR) as a comprehensive approach, especially since the 1970s onwards because of the rise of environmental consciousness as well as strict regulations, South Africa is at the early stage of implementing the regulations following PPR. The public attention should be directed to environmental conservation in addition to the implementation of the regulations in South Africa. The improvement in socio-economic conditions is, additionally, necessary for the rise of environmental consciousness in South Africa in the light of the three pillars of sustainable development: social, economic, and environmental elements.

A Comprehensive Outlook of Mining Industry in Jordan, Opportunities and Threats

Jordan’s mining sector is considered the cornerstone to the Jordanian economy. It plays a vital role in growth of many other important sectors in the economy and contributes to the Jordan’s standard of living. The mining industry in Jordan is dominated by the production of phosphate, potash, building and decoration stones, glass sand and other nonmetallic resources. Recently, Jordan has been ranked as the sixth largest producer and the second largest exporter of phosphate, the fourth largest producer and the second largest exporter of potash, and has the 5th largest oil-shale reserves in the world. Also, Jordan has sustainable amounts of uranium around 3% of the world resources. The main objective of this research is to focus on the present status of mining industry in Jordan with the aim to emphasis the most important industries, and its effect on the economy of Jordan in order to generate new wealth depends on its mineral endowment. A literature review has been carried out by reviewing the most published articles and the publicly available reports published by various Jordanian Institutions as well as from the private sector. The author reveals that there are many positive outlooks which are looming with an increasing domestic added value along with investing in other areas, such as feldspar, clays, travertine, gypsum, zirconium, uranium, copper and rare earth elements (REE). This requires activating the exploitation of many other untapped mineral resources in the country to achieve a progress that works for meeting the global great demands worldwide. In this context, successive governments have put effort into policies that promote and facilitate investment in the mining sector in Jordan. A comprehensive outlook of the mining sector in Jordan has been discussed in this article. The author also highlighted the opportunities and threats in this sector and more important dilemmas focused on what needs to be carried out by the Jordanian government, including important recommendations to encourage investment in this field and inspire investors in the mining industry in Jordan.

Intelligent and ecological coal mining as well as clean utilization technology in China: Review and prospects

Coal is an essential fossil fuel in China; however, coal mining and its utilization are being under the increasing pressure from ecological and environmental protection. Therefore, the consulting project "Technical Revolution in Ecological and Efficient Coal Mining and Utilization & Intelligence and Diverse Coordination of Coal-based Energy System," initiated by Chinese Academy of Engineering, puts forward three stages(3.0, 4.0 and 5.0) of China's coal industry development strategy. Aimed at "reduced staff,ultra-low ecological damage, and emission level near to natural gas," breakthroughs should be achieved in the following three key technologies during the China Coal Industry 3.0 stage(2016–2025): including intelligent coal mining, ecological mining, ultra-low emission and environmental protection. This paper focuses on the development trends of the China Coal Industry 3.0 and its support for China Coal Industry 4.0 and 5.0 is analyzed and prospected as well, which may offer technical assistance and strategy orientation for realizing the transformation from traditional coal energy to clean energy.

Head-mounted display-based intuitive virtual reality training system for the mining industry

Virtual reality(VR) training technology in the mining industry is a new field of research and utilization.The successful application of VR training system is critical to mine safety and production. Through the statistics of the current research and applications of VR training systems in mining industry, all the input/output devices are classified. Based on the classifications of the input/output devices that are used in the VR system, the current VR training systems for the mining industry could be divided into three types: screen-based general type, projector-based customized type, and head-mounted display(HMD)-based intuitive type. By employing a VR headset, a smartphone and a leap motion device, an HMDbased intuitive type VR training system prototype for drilling in underground mines has been developed.Ten trainees tried both the HMD-based intuitive system and the screen-based general control system to compare the experiences and training effects. The results show that the HMD-based system can give a much better user experience and is easy to use. Three of the five components of a VR training system,namely, the user, the tasks, and software and database should be given more attention in future research.With more available technologies of input and output devices, VR engines, and system software, the VR training system will eventually yield much better training results, and will play a more important role in as a training tool for mine safety.

Big data management in the mining industry

The mining industry faces a number of challenges that promote the adoption of new technologies.Big data,which is driven by the accelerating progress of information and communication technology,is one of the promising technologies that can reshape the entire mining landscape.Despite numerous attempts to apply big data in the mining industry,fundamental problems of big data,especially big data management(BDM),in the mining industry persist.This paper aims to fill the gap by presenting the basics of BDM.This work provides a brief introduction to big data and BDM,and it discusses the challenges encountered by the mining industry to indicate the necessity of implementing big data.It also summarizes data sources in the mining industry and presents the potential benefits of big data to the mining industry.This work also envisions a future in which a global database project is established and big data is used together with other technologies(i.e.,automation),supported by government policies and following international standards.This paper also outlines the precautions for the utilization of BDM in the mining industry.

An Innovative Non-Pillar Coal-Mining Technology with Automatically Formed Entry: A Case Study

A non-pillar coal-mining technology with an automatically formed entry is proposed,which reduces the waste of coal resources and the underground entry drivage workload.Three key techniques in this technology cooperate to achieve automatic formation and retaining of the gob-side entry,and to realize nonpillar mining.Constant-resistance large deformation(CRLD)support ensures the stability of the entry roof;directional presplitting blasting(DPB)separates the entry roof and the gob roof;and a blockinggangue support system(BGSS)integrates the caved rock material as an effective entry rib.An industrial test was conducted to verify the engineering effects of these key techniques.The field application results showed that the retained entry was under the pressure-relief zone due to the broken-expansion nature of the caved rock mass within the DPB height.After going through a provisional dynamic pressure-bearing zone,the retained entry entered the stability zone.The final stable entry meets the requirements of safety and production.The research results demonstrate the good engineering applicability of this technology.By taking the framework of the technology design principles into consideration and adjusting the measures according to different site conditions,it is expected that the proposed non-pillar coal-mining technology can be popularized on a large scale.

Empirical Study on B/C Apparel Consumption Behavior Based on Data Mining Technology

In order to accurately identify the characters associated with consumption behavior of apparel online shopping, a typical B/ C clothing enterprise in China was chosen. The target experimental database containing 2000 data records was obtained based on web service logs of sample enterprise. By means of clustering algorithm of Clementine Data Mining Software, K-means model was set up and 8 clusters of consumer were concluded. Meanwhile, the implicit information existed in consumer＇s characters and preferences for clothing was found. At last, 31 valuable association rules among casual wear, formal wear, and tie-in products were explored by using web analysis and Aprior algorithm. This finding will help to better understand the nature of online apparel consumption behavior and make a good progress in personalization and intelligent recommendation strategies.

Mineral Industry in Egypt-Part I: Metallic Mineral Commodities

This The mineral potential in Egypt is quite high. Almost all sorts of industrial minerals such as metallic and non-metallic commodities exist in commercial amounts. However, Egypt imports many of the mineral commodities needed for the local mineral industries. The main reason for this is that the investors, either the governmental or the private sectors, refrain from investing into the mineral industry for prospecting, evaluation, and developing the mining and mineral processing technologies. This is because the return on investment in the mining industry is generally low and the pay back period is relatively long compared with easy-to-get money projects. Another reason is the disarray of the mining laws and regulations and lack of administrative capability to deal with domestic and international investors and solve the related problems. Also, lack of skilled personnel in the field of mining and mineral processing is an additional factor for the set back of the mining industry in Egypt. This is why the mining technology in Egypt is not very far from being primitive and extremely simple, with the exception of the underground mining of coal, North of Sinai, and Abu-Tartur phosphate mining, where fully automated long wall operations are designed. Also, the recent gold and tin-tantalum-niobium projects are being designed on modern surface mining and mineral processing technologies. The present review presents an overview of the most important metallic mineral commodities in Egypt, their geological background, reserves and production rates. A brief mention of the existing technologies for their exploitation is also highlighted.

Research on key techniques of virtual reality applied in mining industry

Based on the applications of virtual reality technology in many fields, introducedthe virtual reality technical basic concept, structure type, related technique development,etc., tallied up applications of virtual reality technique in the present mining industry, inquired into core techniques related software and hardware, especially the optimization inthe setup of various 3D models technique, and carried out a virtual scene to travel extensively in real-time by stereoscopic manifestation technique and so on. Then it broughtforward the solution of virtual reality technique with software and hardware to the miningindustry that can satisfy the demand of different aspects and levers. Finally, it show a fineprospect of virtual reality technique applied in the mining industry.

Radiotracers and Nucleonic Control Systems Applied in Industry—Polish Case

Nuclear and radiation technologies play an important role in Polish power sector, oil industry and mining sector, starting from fossil fuels exploitation, their transport and distribution and finally power generation. Application of environmental isotopes, stable and radioactive, in ground water monitoring in the vicinity of open cast lignite mine, and radon monitor applied for miner’s safety in deep coal mines and nucleonic control systems for ash in coal quality control is often used in mining industry. Other applications of nuclear techniques reviewed, concern the oil industry, oil field recovery, transportation pipelines and refineries. Finally, the application of beta radiation-based gauges for air borne fly ash monitoring and radiation technology for flue gas treatment are the examples of using this technique in power sector equipped with coal and oil fired boilers [1]. The radiotracers techniques were used also in glass industry (determination and optimization parameters of the furnaces), cement industry (test of aggregates for the production of cement and optimization media transport in pipelines), metallurgy of Cu, Pb, Zn (investigation of pyrometallurgy processes and new techniques), cellulose industry, environmental and (mainly hydrological) research etc. [2]. The article is brief review of present status of radiotracer and nucleonic gauges techniques as applied to polish industry.

中国露天煤矿70年成就回顾及高质量发展架构体系

露天煤矿作为我国煤炭工业的重要组成部分,具有生产能力大、开采成本低、安全条件好等优势,近年来在建设规模、生产总量、开采工艺及技术装备等多方面均取得了跨越式的发展,有力保障了煤炭作为国家能源安全稳定供应的“压舱石”地位。首先回顾了新中国成立后我国露天煤矿70年来的发展历程,将其划分为起步恢复阶段(1949—1979年)、快速发展阶段(1980—1999年)、综合发展阶段(2000—2020年)和智能化初级发展阶段(2021年以后)4个时期;系统总结了每个时期的产量与数量规模、开采理论与技术、开采工艺与装备、资源开发与环境保护方面取得的突出成就。然后,探讨了现阶段露天煤矿发展面临的4个方面的主要问题,包括发展布局不均衡、可持续发展面临瓶颈、关键技术难题需深入攻关、人才短缺培养机制不完善。最后,提出构建以“安全、高效、绿色、低碳、智能”为总体目标的全链条、全周期、全要素露天煤矿高质量发展架构体系,其内涵特征包括以时效边坡理论、开采扰动指数理论、绿色开采理论、生态型开采理论、零碳负碳开采理论、智能化开采理论6种学术思想为理论基础,以灾害安全监测防控、复杂条件协同保障、生态源头减损开采、节能减污清洁利用、数字-自动-智能同建5类技术体系为核心支撑,以透明地质模型动态重构、边坡蠕滑全程精准预测、深大孔低扰动控制爆破、采空区超前探测与处置、粉尘抑制及煤自燃防治等30项关键技术为重点突破,以设计理念先进化、安全保障标准化、建设规模大型化、生产工艺综合化、开采装备智能化、核心制造国产化、矿区生态绿色化、煤炭利用清洁化、组织管理科学化、人才队伍国际化的“十化型”露天矿山为建设任务;同时给出了以规划引领为基础,以科技创新为驱动,以人才培育为保障的露天煤矿高质量发展实现路径。最终为推动我国露天煤矿向持续健康高质量方向发展提供指导。

图计算体系结构和系统软件关键技术综述

图计算作为分析事物之间关联关系的重要工具,近年来已成为各国政府及公司争夺的关键技术.学术界和工业界在图计算体系结构和系统软件关键技术方面取得了一定进展.然而,现实场景图计算大多具有动态变化、应用需求复杂多样等特征.这给图计算在基础理论、体系架构和系统软件关键技术方面提出了新的需求,同时也带来了新的挑战.为应对这些挑战,科研人员提出了一系列图计算系统或图计算加速器,通过高性能计算、并行计算等技术来优化图计算过程.综述国内外图计算体系结构和系统软件关键技术的研究发展现状,对国内外研究的最新进展进行归纳、比较和分析,并结合国家发展战略和重大应用需求,选取与我国国计民生密切相关的领域,从典型应用分析总结图计算相关技术的行业进展.最后,就未来的技术挑战和研究方向进行展望.

矿业系统工程60年发展与展望

矿业是以安全高效绿色开发和清洁高效低碳利用矿产资源为目的行业,也是经济社会发展的基础行业。为了使矿业开发更加经济、考虑的因素更加全面、设计和开发过程更加优化,20世纪50年代末期,将运筹学和计算机技术引入到了矿业工程,形成了矿业系统工程这一新的学科分支。早期的矿业系统工程主要是以采矿生产过程优化和计算机在矿山设计、采掘计划编制、信息处理、应用软件开发为主,且多以露天矿为研究对象。近年来矿业系统工程研究紧密结合大数据、人工智能、网络技术等,在矿山信息网络构建、运销系统、智能开采、设备管理、安全管理等方面取得了丰硕成果。详细阐述了矿业系统工程的起源和发展过程,并以运筹学和计算机在矿业中的应用国际会议(APCOM),尤其是已经举办的十五届全国矿业系统工程学术会议为脉络,客观地总结了矿业系统工程的发展过程和研究内容演变。以CNKI数据库为数据基础,通过聚类分析,研究了近20 a矿业系统工程的刊文量和研究对象及其变化。矿业系统工程的未来发展应聚焦于系统科学思想与现代采矿技术的结合,建立科学的系统及其边界,比如科学采矿系统、矿山全生命周期系统、智能矿山系统等八大系统,矿业系统工程的发展将更加注重数字化、智能化、可持续发展、信息化和自动化等方面的创新和应用,同时将不断拓展其应用领域,以实现矿业开发的最优化、高效化、绿色化和低碳化。

Assessment of Soil Contamination and Human Health Risk around an Industrial Gold Mine in Côte d’Ivoire: The Case of Arsenic

The Tongon mine generates millions of tons of waste rock and tailings, which are stored in landfills in the vicinity of the mine. These tailings contain arsenic. The risk of soil contamination in this area is evident. This study assesses the arsenic contamination of soils around the mine and the health risks to the local population. Soil samples were taken from plastic bags and other materials used as working tools. Arsenic concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, after the soil samples had been concentrated and digested. Metal contamination indices were used to assess the degree of soil contamination. The results obtained indicate that soils in the industrial zone of the Tongon gold mine have very high average concentrations, well above the world average for uncontaminated soils of 6 mg/kg arsenic. Geoaccumulation index values range from 1.28 to 3.40. These values highlight severe arsenic soil contamination. The human health risk assessment revealed that exposure risks are well above the critical limit of 1 and are, in descending order, children > adult women > adult men. These results indicate an ecological risk, requiring environmental monitoring, underpinned by the development of an effective remediation strategy to reduce local pollution and contamination.

巴西矿业投资的机遇与挑战

巴西矿产资源丰富,铁矿、铝土矿、铌钽、锡、锰等为其优势矿产,开发潜力巨大,与我国矿产资源需求格局高度互补,中巴矿业投资合作对于我国资源安全保障具有重要意义。巴西地质勘查工作程度总体水平居拉丁美洲各国之首,2023年,矿业勘查投入达到历史高位,其中,外资投入占比过半,中资企业也加快了与巴西矿业合作的步伐。巴西矿产资源开发利用程度较高,优势矿产资源年产量全球占比位居前列。在域内域外多重力量助推下,中资企业在巴西矿业投资环境机遇与挑战并存:中巴政治互信持续升温、人民币结算破局、矿业政策相对稳定等使得矿业投资迎来机遇;金融环境欠佳、关键矿产资源战略持续深化、产业链本土化进程加剧、积极参与国际矿产联盟态势显现等使得矿业投资面临一定挑战。因此,本文建议深化中巴矿业战略合作;充分利用政策利好契机,布局我国紧缺战略性矿种投资;强化风险管控意识,提高风险预警能力;输出我国优势产能,回应巴西矿业产业链本土化发展诉求。

蒙古国矿业开发现状研究

蒙古国位于“中蒙俄经济走廊”的中间地带,大地构造位置处于中亚造山带的中心部位,成矿条件好,铜、煤、金、铀、萤石等矿产资源丰富。截至2016年,蒙古国1∶5万地质填图仅覆盖全境33.7%,地质工作进展缓慢,矿产开发程度较低。中蒙关系稳定,经贸合作基础扎实,开展矿业开发合作潜力巨大。受资源储量及开发技术条件限制,蒙古国矿业开发主要集中于煤、铜、金、铁、石油、铅锌、萤石等矿种,且矿业开发中受到基础设施薄弱、生产技术条件落后、政策法规缺乏稳定性等制约。建议中资企业应认真研究该国政策法律法规,发挥资金、技术等优势参与开发和利用矿产资源,并关注矿产品深加工领域和锂矿资源开发领域的合作等。

文化景观视野下个旧大冲采矿遗址群调查与价值研究

以个旧工业遗产普查中新发现的一处规模较大且未被机械开采破坏的“大冲采矿遗址群”为对象,通过查阅文献对其开采历史进行追溯;采用倾斜摄影绘制调查图纸;基于多方循证,识别并标注出相关遗址、遗迹,并将其分为采矿遗址(包括草皮尖、硐尖、冲尖)与建筑遗址二类。从文化景观视角分析了其具有“人与自然长期互动”“物质与非物质要素相互印证”的特征,绘制出动态变化示意图。在此基础上,从开采技术的见证、重要工业文化景观、关联性遗产3个维度提炼出“大冲采矿遗址群”的核心价值,并提出整体保护的建议。

“6矿”协同视角下促进煤炭新质生产力形成的路径与对策

发展新质生产力给煤炭行业的转型升级与高质量发展持续注入新的动能。本文通过梳理我国煤炭新质生产力形成的基础条件,以矿工、矿山、矿企、矿城、矿区、矿业(“6矿”)为切入点,创新性地从“6矿”理念出发探讨“6矿”协同与煤炭新质生产力形成的关联关系,进而提出了“6矿”协同促进煤炭新质生产力形成的路径与任务。研究认为,我国发展煤炭新质生产力已经具备一定的基础,通过“6矿”协同将形成以矿工为中心、矿山为基石、矿企为抓手的煤炭行业优势生产力,向矿城、矿区的推广辐射将形成煤炭行业融合生产力,最终形成代表先进矿业形态的煤炭行业衍生生产力。同时,划分我国煤炭新质生产力的形成阶段为优势发展期、融合发展期和衍生发展期,提出了以“6矿”协同促进煤炭行业高质量发展与煤炭新质生产力形成的主要路径、阶段性任务与相关建议。