The Impact of Health Information Technology on Hospital Performance: A Systematic Integrative Literature Review

Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic integrative literature review based on a compre-hensive database search. To organise, categorise and synthesise the ex-isting literature, we adopted the affordance actualization theory. To align the literature with our research framework, we used four categories: 1) the functionalities of HIT and how these functionalities are measured;2) use and immediate outcomes of HIT functionalities;3) different perfor-mance indicators and how HIT functionalities affect them;and 4) what hospital characteristics influence the outcome of hospital performance. Results: Fifty-two studies were included. We identified four types of HIT. Only ten studies (19.2%) define the use of HIT by explicitly meas-uring the use rate of HIT. We identified five dimensions of hospital per-formance indicators. Every dimension showed mixed results;however, in general, HIT has a positive impact on mortality and patient readmis-sions. We found several hospital characteristics that may affect the rela-tionship between HIT and hospital-level outcomes. Discussion: Further efforts should focus on embedded research on HIT functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementations with more performance indicators and adjusted for hospital characteristics. Conclusion: The proposed framework could help hospitals and researchers make decisions regard-ing the functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementation in hospi-tals. Given our research outcomes, we suggest future research opportuni-ties to improve understanding of how HIT affects hospital performance. .

Application of Electronic Information Engineering in Hospital Management

To further enhance the overall service quality of China’s hospitals and improve the trust of the majority of patients in hospitals,this paper takes intelligent hospital management as the object of study,analyzes the importance of electronic information engineering technology applied in hospital management,and discusses the specific application methods of electronic information engineering in hospital management.This aims the existing problems in the current hospital management,such as insufficient degree of informatization,data sharing difficulties,lack of professionals,etc.Corresponding improvement measures are proposed,including strengthening the construction of informatization,promoting data sharing,and cultivating professionals.It is hoped that this study will enable the majority of hospital managers to make better use of electronic information engineering technology to effectively solve the current problems faced by hospitals and to continuously improve the comprehensive competitiveness of China’s hospitals.

Integrated Hospital Information System (HIS) Special focus on BIRDEM Hospital (600 Beds)

Introduction: Integrated Hospital Information System (HIS) is vital to decision making and plays a crucial role in the success of the organization. Computerization of the medical records and documentation has resulted in efficient data management and information dissemination for the users. Hospital Information System addresses the entire major functional areas of modern multi-specialty hospitals. The package enables improved patient care, patient safety, efficiency and reduced costs. It provides easy access to critical information, thereby enabling management to make better decisions on time. Aims: The short-term objectives of the on-line computerized system are to reduce costs and improve the accuracy and timeliness of patient care, accounting and administration, record keeping, and management reporting. The long-term goal is to build and maintain patient database for analysis of data to facilitate decision-making process. Methods: To run the system it requires some Hardware & Database for IT Department. The technique involves Patient Registration System, Finance & Accounts, Human Resource Management System, Laboratory, Out Patient Management System, and Inpatient Management System. Results: In the mid seventies, a complex was established at Shahbag area in the name of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM). From 1982 BIRDEM was designated as the WHO collaborating centre for research on prevention and control of diabetes. It is first of its kind outside Europe. Now from 2000 BIRDEM has successfull developed & implemented some crucial part of HIS System like Patient Admission & Billing System, Finanace & Account System, Human Resourse Management & Payroll System, Store Inventory & Procurement Management System, Labrotary Management System, Assets Management System, Radiology & Imaging Management System. Conclusions: It can thus be seen that deploying IT can help the medical profession in improving its quality of service and thus automatically increasing the preparedness and defensiveness. Of course, it is of vital importance that the software must have the right type of modularity and openness so that it is manageable, maintainable and upgradeable. They can perform the complex task of matching, tabulating, calculating, retrieving, printing and securing the data as required. Well designed, integrated computer system can be a great tool in the hands of the hospital management in improving services, controlling cost, and ensuring optimal utilization of facilities.

Design of User Interface for Tractor Cab Real-time Information Management System

In this paper,the user interface of tractor cab real-time information management system was designed. Based on the principle of "user friendly",it reasonably arranged spatial position of information management system according to spatial distribution of tractor cab. Then,it analyzed operation habits and thinking ways of drivers,and formulated design principle meeting demands of drivers. Besides,it used LabView software to design user interface,including interface layout and interface design. User interface includes basic information interface,job information interface,camera monitoring interface,and fault diagnosis interface. Finally,it made evaluation of the user interface from color,indicator lamp,dial,and pointer. Results indicate that the designed user interface layout conforms to cognition mentality and operation habits and easy to get familiar and grasp; graphical interface is vivid and easy to stimulate pleasure of drivers in operation; interface color matching is coordinated; the layout of controls is hierarchical and logic,and operating mode is consistent with Windows system.

Maturity Assessment of Hospital Information Systems Based on Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model (EMRAM)— Private Hospital Cases in Iran

Introduction: Today, information technology is considered as an important national development principle in each country which is applied in different fields. Health care as a whole and the hospitals could be regarded as a field and organizations with most remarkable IT applications respectively. Although different benchmarks and frameworks have been developed to assess different aspects of Hospital Information Systems (HISs) by various researchers, there is not any suitable reference model yet to benchmark HIS in the world. Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model (EMRAM) has been currently presented and is globally well-known to benchmark the rate of HIS utilization in the hospitals. Notwithstanding, this model has not been introduced in Iran so far. Methods: This research was carried out based on an applied descriptive method in three private hospitals of Isfahan—one of the most important provinces of Iran—in the year 2015. The purpose of this study was to investigate IT utilization stage in three selected private hospitals. Conclusion: The findings revealed that HIS is not at the center of concern in studied hospitals and is in the first maturity stage in accordance with EMRAM. However, hospital managers are enforced and under the pressure of different beneficiaries including insurance companies to improve their HIS. Therefore, it could be concluded that these types of hospitals are still far away from desirable conditions and need to enhance their IT utilization stage significantly.

基于HIS数据的凝血功能障碍伴出血事件自动监测模块的构建与优化——以替加环素为研究案例

目的:依托临床药品不良事件主动监测与智能评估警示系统(ADE-ASAS-Ⅱ)构建凝血功能障碍伴出血事件监测模块,探索复杂诊断条件下药品不良反应(ADR)自动监测方法。方法:以替加环素为研究案例,基于决策树算法将触发器技术与自然语言处理技术相结合,构建量化-文本复合监测模块,并基于某大型三级甲等医院的医院信息系统(HIS)数据挖掘凝血功能障碍相关出血事件。反复优化模块设置,以人工评价结果为“金标准”,比较不同优化方案下模块监测效能以确定最佳设置。统计阳性事件的发生率、基本特征。结果:共监测2019—2022年2345例使用替加环素的患者,人工评价后确定阳性病例83例。模块初始设置下,报警985例,精确率为7.72%,召回率为91.57%,F1值为14.23%。反复优化后,报警475例,召回率不变,精确率提升至16.00%,F1值提升至27.24%;1870例被ADE-ASAS-Ⅱ系统标记为阴性病例,可减少约80%的人工评价工作量。1359例符合纳入与排除标准的患者中(阴性1276例,阳性83例),凝血功能障碍伴出血事件的发生率为6.11%。结论:凝血功能障碍伴出血事件模块的开发提升了ADE-ASAS-Ⅱ系统对复杂诊断条件下ADR的检出效率,拓展了联合结构化与非结构化HIS系统数据识别ADR的监测方法。后续需扩大样本以验证模块稳定性,并持续改进系统算法,以进一步提高监测效率。

基于多院区HIS下互联网医院敏捷设计与应用

目的:针对多院区多医院管理信息系统(HIS)的建设难点,采用敏捷开发方式构建一体化模式以降低运行成本和提升管理效率。方法:结合各院区信息化建设水平现状和未来建设方向,采用敏捷开发的方式分步完成系统开发,通过一体化硬件部署和集中化管理,对互联网医疗资源进行整合。结果:成功构建多院区多个HIS下的互联网医院,提供了同质化互联网医院服务,满足了医院线上医疗的发展需要。结论:采用敏捷开发的方式,能够有效提升开发效率,并且有助于降低医院建设和管理成本,提升用户体验和医院管理效率。

The Impact of Computerized Health Information System on Medical &Administrative Decisions, Sana’a Hospitals, Yemen (2017-2020)

Background: Health information systems (HIS) play a major role in decision-making. The aim is to identify the components of computerized HIS and their relationship to administrative decisions at the main referral hospitals for Sana’a city. Method: This applied research is a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which the HIS of 7 hospitals affiliated with Sana’a city hospitals during “2017-2020”, was evaluated based on Self-administered questionnaires. Data were collected by using Self-administered questionnaires and analyzed in SPSS 16 by using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 626 users (95.7%) had responded. 73%, 75%, 69%, 70%, 71% of users mentioned that resources were available, for physical, software, human, organizational, and decision computerized HIS, respectively. The study showed a strong relationship between computerized information systems with their physical, software, human and organizational components, and medical and administrative decisions. While the study showed the absence of a relationship between demographic factors and computerized information systems with their hardware, software, human and organizational components, medical and administrative decisions, except for gender with organizational components, age, qualification with hardware and software components, and years of experience with all study variables. Conclusion: The application of HIS at hospitals in decision-making has several challenges, including the lack of updating of hardware and software components Furthermore, the absence of specific, focusing on developing their technical staffs, and mobilizing financial resources to achieve implementation properly. Therefore, establishing the technical management with clear roles and tasks with multi-disciplinary, and increasing the support of the administrative leadership in the process of implementing HIS are recommended.

Hospital Information Systems Shortage in Sub-Saharan African Hospitals: Opportunities and Challenges

The HIS is recognised as an essential tool for optimising the management of a health establishment in particular and the health system in general. But it is still very little implemented in hospitals in the South. Open source HIS software, available on the Internet, can be a solution for starting a (HIS) project in these hospitals. A search on the Internet for open source HIS software allowed us to choose MedBoard, the second most popular open source software out of 381, to start an HIS project called PERFORMANCE at the Kara University Hospital in northern Togo. A questionnaire allowed us to assess the level of knowledge of health actors on hospital information systems. The results of this evaluation allowed us to strengthen our proposal. The analysis of the current computer park of the CHU Kara does not allow whatever the functionalities of MedBoard to implement PERFORMANCE at the CHU Kara. Logistics are needed to make PERFORMANCE work. The real difficulty to start and perpetuate HIS project is linked to the human factor.

An Efficient Task Scheduling Method for the Unified Interface Platform of the Electric Information Acquisition System

Due to the large and frequent static data interaction between the Electric Information Acquisition System and the external business systems,researching on using limited server sources to do an efficient task scheduling is becoming one of the key technologies of the unified interface platform.The information interaction structure of the unified interface platform is introduced.Task scheduling has been decomposed into two stages,task decomposition and task combination,based on the features(various types and dispersed)of large static data.The principle of the minimum variance of the subtasks data quantity is used to do the target task resolving in the decomposition stage.The thought of the Greedy Algorithm is used in the task combination.Breaking the target task with large static data into serval composed tasks with roughly same data quantity is effectively realized.Meanwhile,to avoid the situation of the GA falling into the local optimal solution,an improved combination method has been put forward.Moreover,the new method creates more average composed tasks and making the task scheduling more effective.Ultimately,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experimental data.

基于HIS病种诊疗小目录的DRG主诊断选择辅助支持功能的设计与实现

目的 针对多病种治疗条件下临床医生选择疾病诊断相关分组(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRG)主诊断困难的问题,基于病种诊疗小目录技术实现DRG主诊断选择辅助决策支持功能,提高DRG主诊断选择的准确性。方法 建立病种诊疗小目录和病种价表小目录,将病种与诊疗项目和价表项目分别做对照。创建数据库医嘱表和费用明细表的触发器,实现患者目录内诊疗数据和费用数据的采集,再通过WebService服务实现病种治疗费用和病种治疗时间的排序,为临床医生提供DRG主诊断选择辅助支持。比较系统使用前后主诊断准确率、病案归档时间及超地区病种平均费用的差异。结果 系统使用后,病案主诊断错误率由11.5%降到3.0%,病案归档时间由(3.34±1.77)d缩短至(3.13±1.60)d,患者费用超地区病种平均费用由(1508.85±10355.77)元降低至(506.68±10385.09)元,降低66.42%,且差异均具有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论 该功能为临床医生提供“消耗医疗资源最多”和“影响住院时间最长”两个要素的定量数据,可以提高DRG主诊断选择的准确性和实时性。

Estimation of Building’s Life Cycle Carbon Emissions Based on Life Cycle Assessment and Building Information Modeling: A Case Study of a Hospital Building in China

Throughout the life cycle, the buildings emit a great deal of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which directly leads to aggravation in the greenhouse effect and becomes a severe threat to the environment and humans. Researchers have made numerous efforts to accurately calculate emissions to reduce the life cycle carbon emissions of residential buildings. Nevertheless, there are still difficulties in quickly estimating carbon emissions in the design stage without specific data. To fill this gap, the study, based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Building Information Modeling (BIM), proposed a quick method for estimating Building’s Life Cycle Carbon Emissions (BLCCE). Taking a hospital building in Chuzhou City, Anhui Province, China as an example, it tested its possibility to estimate BLCCE. The results manifested that: 1) the BLCCE of the project is 40,083.56 tCO2-eq, and the carbon emissions per square meter per year are 119.91 kgCO2-eq/(m2·y);2) the stage of construction, operational and demolition account for 7.90%, 91.31%, and 0.79% of BLCCE, respectively;3) the annual carbon emissions per square meter of hospital are apparently higher than that of villa, residence, and office building, due to larger service population, longer daily operation time, and stricter patient comfort requirements. Considering the lack of BLCCE research in Chinese hospitals, this case study will provide a valuable reference for the estimated BLCCE of hospital building.

Smart Dynamic Resource Allocation Model for Patient-Driven Mobile Medical Information System Using C4.5 Algorithm

A mobile medical information system (MMIS) is an integrated application (app) of traditional hospital information systems (HIS) which comprise a picture archiving and communications system (PACS), laboratory information system (LIS), pharmaceutical management information system (PMIS), radiology information system (RIS), and nursing information system (NIS). A dynamic resource allocation table is critical for optimizing the performance to the mobile system, including the doctors, nurses, or other relevant health workers. We have designed a smart dynamic resource allocation model by using the C4.5 algorithm and cumulative distribution for optimizing the weight of resource allocated for the five major attributes in a cooperation communications system. Weka is used in this study. The class of concept is the performance of the app, optimal or suboptimal. Three generations of optimization of the weight in accordance with the optimizing rate are shown.

Information visualization,physicality and intuitive use for tangible user interfaces

In the last two decades, tangible user interfaces （TUIs） have emerged as a new interface type that interlinks the digital and physical worlds. TUIs show a potential to enhance the way in which people interact with digital information. First, this paper exam- ines the existing body of work on tangible user interfaces and discusses their application domains, especially information visualiza- tion. Then it provides a definition of intuitive use and reviews formerly separated ideas on physicality. As interaction has an impact on the overall product experience, we also discuss whether intuitive use influences the users＇ aesthetic judgements of such products.

基于HIS的临床试验信息管理平台的设计与应用

目的:优化临床试验开展方式,规范临床试验业务流程,从功能实现及数据管理等方面助力临床研究业务的开展。方法:全面调研临床试验业务需求,搭建覆盖临床试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期项目的全流程、一体化信息管理平台。整体设计和规划平台与医院信息系统(HIS)的对接方案,采用一致的接口开发及部署方式,实现应用统一部署、数据统一管理。结果:临床试验信息管理平台的应用,既简化了业务流程,又提升了临床试验管理质量和效率。应用及数据资源的合理利用,也提高了业务的可扩展性。结论:采用整体规划、统一部署的方式搭建基于HIS的临床试验信息管理平台,能够在满足临床试验业务需求的前提下,降低系统研发成本,整合临床试验数据资源,使临床试验业务的开展更加安全、规范,在保证临床试验质量的同时提高了试验效率。

Evaluation of International Standards of Management of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT) in Khorasan Razavi Hospitals from the Perspective of Managers

The general goal of the management of communication and information technology (MCIT) in the health sector, is to accelerate collecting, achieving and supporting the health system processes, and effective decision-making for managing this system;because preparing and providing health care services for society is very complex, and highly dependent on the information system. The aim of this investigation is to determine the mean scores of the possibility of implementing the MCIT standards in Khorasan Razavi hospitals, from the perspective of managers. This was a cross sectional descriptive-analytic study conducted in two steps in all hospitals. In the first step, the applicability of the standards in hospitals was studied. In the second step, the current status of hospitals was compared with international standards MCIT. In order to determine the validity of the questionnaires, opinions of professors and experts were acquired. Regarding the reliability, the SPSS V. 12 calculated the value of Cronbach’s to be 0.95 for the first questionnaire and 0.86 for the second questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistic tests of one way ANOVA and t-test. The level of significance was fixed at 0.5. In the 16 hospitals studied, the mean and standard deviation of MCIT were (57.25 ± 13.74). The MCIT standards are applicable in hospitals of Khorasan Razavi according to half (49.4%) of managers;nonetheless, their application requires greater efforts by the hospitals.

Data mining of hospital characteristics in online publication of medical quality information

Information disclosure can reduce information asymmetry between health care providers and patients, thus improving both patient safety and medical quality. The National Bureau of Health Insurance (NBHI) inTaiwancurrently publishes health-related information online in order to enhance service efficiency and enable the public to monitor the country’s medical system. A data mining technique, classification and regression tree (CART), is used in this work to investigate online public quality information to compare the characteristics of hospital. The hospital quality indicators and characteristics data are available on the websites of the NBHI (http://www.nhi.gov.tw/AmountInfoWeb/Index.aspx) and the Department of Health (http://www.doh.gov.tw/). The full classification and regression tree presented in this work, grown using the hospitals’ quality medical indicators and characteristic values, classifies all hospitals into seven groups. The rate of stays longer than 30 days, which is the dependent variable in this study, is most influenced by the number of medical staff. This reflects the fact that the fewer medical staffs that are employed, the smaller the hospital is, and patients who are likely to have longer stays tend to go to the medium or large hospitals. Policy makers should work to decrease or eliminate persistent healthcare disparities among different socioeconomic groups and offer more online healthrelated services to reduce information asymmetry between health care providers and patients.

Why don’t the Dutch use quality information in their hospital choice? Results from a survey among 479 patients from a Dutch hospital

Information about the quality of hospitals is becoming increasingly available for patients in the Netherlands. Consequently, patients are able to make an informed hospital choice. However, previous research reveals that patients do not or barely use quality information in their hospital choice. This is puzzling from the perspective of the demand-driven health care system, which considers patients as rational health consumers, capable of making independent choices. This article is meant to study why the Dutch patients do not use quality information. In order to answer this question, patients with nonacute ailments visiting the hospital clinics of several departments of a Dutch hospital were asked to fill in a self-administered questionnaire about their hospital choice and use of quality information. A total of 479 patients were included in the sample. The response rate was 81.9%. The results show that 5.2% of the respondents had actually seen quality information and 4.0% had used it in their hospital choice. Logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to explain why some patients use quality information and some do not. This analysis shows that nonusers compared to users are more frequently females, were older, have relatively more trust in their GP’s and distrust quality information more often.

Optimization method for a radar situation interface from error-cognition to information feature mapping

With the rapid development of digital and intelligent information systems, display of radar situation interface has become an important challenge in the field of human-computer interaction. We propose a method for the optimization of radar situation interface from error-cognition through the mapping of information characteristics. A mapping method of matrix description is adopted to analyze the association properties between error-cognition sets and design information sets. Based on the mapping relationship between the domain of error-cognition and the domain of design information, a cross-correlational analysis is carried out between error-cognition and design information.We obtain the relationship matrix between the error-cognition of correlation between design information and the degree of importance among design information. Taking the task interface of a warfare navigation display as an example, error factors and the features of design information are extracted. Based on the results, we also propose an optimization design scheme for the radar situation interface.