New model of linkage evolution for the transtensional fault systems in the Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay Basin:Insight from seismic interpretation and analogue modelling

The evolution of faults within the same stress field is frequently influenced by numerous factors,involving the reactivation of pre-existing structures,stress transmission through ductile detachment layers,and the growth,interaction,as well as linkage of new fault segments.This study analyses a complex multi-phase oblique extension fault system in the Nanpu Sag(NPS)of the Bohai Bay Basin(BBB),China.High-resolution three-dimensional(3D)seismic data and analogue modelling indicate that the oblique extensional reactivation of pre-existing structures governs the sequential arrangement of fault segments in the caprock,and they dip synthetically to the reactivated fault at depth.During the NW-SE extension in the Eocene,the predominant movement of the pre-existing fault is strike-slip.Subsequently,during the N-S extension since the Oligocene,inclined at 20.to the pre-existing fault,forming splay fault segments and ultimately creating large en-echelon arcuate faults linked by relay ramps.Using fault throw-distance(T-D)and laser scanning,we reconstructed the fault evolution model of oblique extension reactivation in the presence of a ductile detachment basement.Our study illustrates that the arcuate faults can be categorized into linear master fault segments controlled by pre-existing structures,bending splay faults in the termination zone,and normal fault segments responding to the regional stress field.The interaction between faults occurs among normal faults and strike-slip faults,and the kinematic unification of the two fault systems is accomplished in the intersection zone.As the faults continue to evolve,the new fault segments tend to relinquish the control of pre-existing structures and concentrate more on the development of planar and continuous major faults.The ductile detachment layer significantly contributes to the uniform distribution of strain,resulting in narrow shear zones and discontinuous normal faults in its absence.

Constructing a Triangular Linkage Model of Government Audit,Social Audit,and Internal Audit to Promote High-Quality Development of Audit Services

It is a complex and important topic to study the linkage mechanism of government audit,social audit,and internal audit in the context of China’s high-quality economic development.The implementation of measures,such as establishing a sound and perfect organizational safeguard mechanism,strengthening project collaborative audit mechanism,enhancing the mechanism for utilizing audit results,and establishing an audit and rectification joint mechanism can promote the efficient operation of the audit supervision system and the high-quality development of audit services.

Price linkage between Chinese and international nonferrous metals commodity markets based on VAR-DCC-GARCH models

Using VAR-DCC-GARCH model,the literature on commodity price was extended by exploring the co-movement between Chinese nonferrous metal prices and global nonferrous metal prices represented by the nonferrous metal prices from London Metal Exchange(LME).The results show that LME nonferrous metals prices still have a greater impact on Chinese nonferrous metals prices.However,the impact of Chinese nonferrous metals prices on LME nonferrous metals prices is still weak except for lead price.The co-movement of nonferrous metal prices between LME and China presents hysteretic nature,and it lasts for 7-8trading days.Furthermore,the co-movement between LME nonferrous metals prices and Chinese nonferrous metals prices has the characteristics of time-varying,and the correlation of lead prices between LME and China is the more stable than all other nonferrous metals prices.

基于Linkage Mapper的武汉市生态安全格局构建

城市蓝绿空间对维持城市生态平衡具有重要作用,城市化的快速发展促使生态用地破碎化。文章以武汉市为研究对象,基于“生态源地识别—阻力面构建—生态廊道识别—战略节点识别”框架结合连通性构建生态安全格局。结果表明:①生态源地面积共3053.09 km^(2),空间上多集中于武汉市西北部、东南部和东北部。②阻力因子的选取包括土地利用、地形、人为干扰及生态保护四个方面,运用层次分析法得到各阻力因子权重分别为0.387、0.316、0.109和0.188,结合ArcGIS加权得到综合生态阻力值,在空间上呈现“中间高、四周低”的特征。③基于Linkage Mapper识别出生态廊道21条,共计1223.72 km,生态网络结构α指数为0.43、β指数为1.62、γ指数为0.64,重力模型筛选出的作用力大于15的一级廊道共8条。④识别出548个生态夹点,总面积2.7801 km^(2);473处生态障碍点,总面积8.874 km^(2)。

FURTHER RESEARCH ON THE SPLINE MODEL METHOD OF KED ANALYSIS IN A PLANAR FLEXIBLE LINKAGE

This paper relates to the deep research on the Splinc Model Method of KED analysis. With the use of cubic B-splinc function as a link’s transverse deflection interpolation function, the principle of virtual displacement is presented as a basic theory for the general formulation of the equations of motion, and thus abandoned the kinematic assumption and the instantaneous structure assumption which arc used in the Spline Model Method. In thc same time, the nonlinear terms sue as coupling terms between thc rigid body motion and elastic deformation arc included. New member’s spline models are established. Mass matrix, Coriolis mass matrix, normal and tangential mass matrix, linear stiffness matrix, nonlinear stiffness matrix and rotation matrix arc derived. The kinematic differential equations of a member and system are deduced in the end. The Newmark direct integration method is used as the solution scheme of the kinematic differential equations to get the periodic response.

Dynamic Modeling of Variable Stiffness and Damping for Spatial Linkage Weft Insertion Mechanism with Clearance

In order to further analyze the influence of clearance on the kinematic performance of spatial linkage weft insertion mechanism,it is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of contact impact force model with the variable stiffness and damping coefficient.Firstly,the parameters in the output process of the system are solved by describing of the flexible joint clearance.Then,based on Lankarani-Nikravesh contact force model,the contact impact stiffness and damping coefficient is modified from fixed values to time-varying coefficients.The dynamic model of spatial linkage weft insertion mechanism with modified clearance is established by Lagrange method,and the dynamic characteristics of the system are calculated.The results show that the joint clearance can directly affect the output performance of the mechanism.With the increase of the clearance value,the curve fluctuations of acceleration,driving torque and collision force are obvious,and it will be further intensified with the increase of spindle speed,which greatly affects the stability of mechanism and fabric quality.Finally,the virtual prototype is established by the SolidWorks software and simulated by the ADAMS software.The simulation results are compared with the numerical results,which verifies the accuracy of the modeling method in this paper.

Research on Protection of the Interests of Generic Drug Companies in the Drug-Patent Linkage System Based on Cournot Model

Objective To establish a system conducive to generic drug companies based on the facts that although China has promised to implement the data monopoly system and patent term extension system for pharmaceutical companies that hold the patents, yet China is a country that manufactures a large number of generic drugs each year which are closely related to citizens’ healthcare. Methods The US drug patent linkage system was studied through literature review methods and then the protection of the interests of generic drug companies in the drug-patent linkage system was explored based on the Cournot model. Results and Conclusion The policy of improving the quality of generic drugs and increasing the spillover effect of technology is more beneficial to generic drug companies. Based on the results, some policy suggestions are put forward, such as the implementation of the simplified application system for generic drugs and the consistency evaluation of generic drugs.

Detection of QTL(quantitative trait loci) associated with wood density by evaluating genetic structure and linkage disequilibrium of teak

To find the quantitative trait loci associated with wood density in teak(Tectona grandis L.f.), 21 co-dominant markers including 13 site specific recombinase and 8 EST-based co-dominant markers designed from lignin biosynthesis genes were applied to 174 teak plus tree clones at the National Germplasm Bank, Chandrapur,India. The germplasm bank exhibited 10.6% coefficient of variation for wood densities with 84.5 ± 31.3 genetic polymorphism(%). The highly panmictic set of genotypes(FST= 0.035 ± 0.004) harbored 96.47 ± 0.40 genetic variability(%). The average allelic frequency of the 21 codominant markers was 0.65 ± 0.11 with 12.9% pairs of loci in significant LD(p\0.05, R^2 values [ 0.1), confirming their suitability for a strong marker-trait association study. The marker CCoAMT-1 was significantly(p\0.01) associated with wood density showing stability by both GLM and MLM models and explained 4.3% of the phenotypic effect. The marker from the EST representing CCoAMT can be further developed for gene-assisted selection of elite genotypes of teak with greater wood density. Therefore, we believe that the report will help accelerate the genetic improvement and advance the breeding program of the species.

基于Linkage Mapper与粒度反推法的太行山中北段生态节点识别与分析:以河北省阜平县为例

生态节点可以连接破碎的生境斑块,提高景观之间的连通性。选取太行山中北段生态型贫困区域阜平县为研究区,将生态节点分为生态薄弱点、生态障碍点、生态夹点,采用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)模型识别生态源地,采用最小累积阻力(MCR)模型构建最小累积阻力面,基于Linkage Mapper,运用粒度反推法、空间网络分析法、ArcGIS中的水文分析模块得出各类型生态节点规模、形状、组成形式。结果表明:研究区生态源地面积为25863.97 hm 2;生态节点共计120个,其中生态薄弱点75个、生态障碍点25个、生态夹点20个;由于400 m粒度是生态节点建设的合适参数,因此生态节点形成区域118个,总面积为2043.80 hm 2。针对各类型生态节点明确其建设形式,共有71个区域可建设为林地生态节点,43个区域可建设为水域生态节点,4个区域可建设为园地生态节点,该研究可为促进生态网络连通性提供借鉴意义。

A Short Note on Linkage of Climatic Records between Terai and Mid-mountain of Central Nepal

The steep North to South (N-S) gradient and complex topography markssignificant variations in the spatial and temporal patterns of climatic variationsurrounding within a few distances in the Nepal Himalayas. Hence,to validate climatic linkages between the stations under two distinct topographicconditions, the study examines the observational climatic data from106m a.s.l. and 1801m a.s.l., as a representative station from a plain andhilly area. Different statistical tools including Pearson correlation analysisand a best-fit regression model were applied to analyze climate data. Theanalysis of 13129 daily average temperature records and 13147 daily totalprecipitation records showed that the variation in their sum and average ofdaily, five days, ten days, and monthly values between the stations in thedifferent elevations marked significantly.Despite these variations, temperaturerecords are measured to be consistent in different altitudes and stronglycorrelated. The precipitation data showed a comparatively weaker correlation.The coefficients (0.85-1.6) with R2>0.50 in the regression models forthe lower elevation and higher elevation station in the mid-mountain regionexcept for the monsoon season. It indicated a similar fluctuation of temperaturebetween these two stations in the respective area. The strong degreeof association and the change of climatic parameters in different rangeand elevations indicate the possibilities of using climatic data from Terai torepresent the Mid-mountain region of central Nepal.

Problems and Countermeasures in Benefit Linkage between Agricultural Leading Enterprises and Farmers

The agricultural leading enterprises and farmers have formed a mutual linkage,mutual restraint,and interdependent benefit linkage mechanism.This paper mainly analyzes the existing problems in the benefit linkage between the agricultural leading enterprises and farmers,and draws on the successful domestic benefit linkage model,and comes up with policy recommendations to provide an effective approach for agricultural leading enterprises to promote development of farmers.

THE APPLICATION OF THE COMPUTER AIDED ANALYSIS IN THE DESIGN OF COALMINE MACHINERY LINKAGES

This paper gives and verifies a mathematical model with only one argument which determines the movement parameters of any point in a plane four-bar linkage on the basis of the analysis of mining machinery linkages. C A A (computer aided analysis) based on the mathemetical model can be used to make not only the quick and accurate analysis and design of mining machinery linkages but also the movement analysis and optimization design of any other plane four-bar linkage.

Evolution of economic linkage network of the cities and counties on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains,China

The exchanges between cities and counties in the northern slope economic belt of Tianshan Mountains(NSEBTM)are increasingly frequent and the economic linkages are increasingly close,but the spatial distribution of economic development and linkages among the cities and counties within NSEBTM is uneven.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of the economic linkage network of cities and counties on NSEBTM to promote the coordinated and integrated development of the regional economy on NSEBTM.In this study,we used the modified gravity model and social network analysis method to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the economic linkage network structure of cities and counties on NSEBTM in 2000,2010,and 2020.The results showed that the comprehensive development quality level of cities and counties on NSEBTM increased from 2000 to 2020,its growth rate also increased,and its gap between cities and counties continued expanding.Both the spatial distribution patterns of the comprehensive development quality level of cities and counties on NSEBTM in 2000 and 2010 were presented as“high in the middle and low at both ends”,while the spatial distribution pattern of 2020 was exhibited as“high value and low value staggered”.The total amount of external economic linkages of cities and counties on NSEBTM showed an obvious upward trend,and its gap between cities and counties continued expanding,presenting a pattern of“a strong middle section and weak ends”.The direction of economic linkages of NSEBTM existed obvious central orientation and geographical proximity.The density of economic linkage network of NSEBTM increased from 2000 to 2020,and the structure of economic linkage network changed from single-core structure centered with Urumqi City to multicore structure centered with Urumqi City,Karamay City,Shihezi City,and Changji City,shifting from unbalanced development to balanced development.In the future,we should accelerate the construction of urban agglomeration on NSEBTM,cultivate a modern Urumqi metropolitan area,improve comprehensive development quality of the cities and counties at the eastern and western ends,strengthen the intensity of economic linkages between cities and counties,optimize the economic linkage network,and promote the coordinated and integrated development of regional economy.

Error Analysis of Assembly Linkage of Transport Jig for Large Aircraft Parts

Aiming at the assembly accuracy of a large aircraft transport jig, the effect of component error and the error of work-piece surface on the work-piece position and orientation in the 3-2-1 fixturing scheme is studied with the object pose space description method. The error mapping model between the connecting part of the front frame rack and its support base is modeled using the homogeneous transformation matrix(HTM) method. The probabilistic error is simulated using the Monte Carlo method. The measurement experiment was conducted by the laser tracker to verify the effectiveness of the approach, and the approach has been successfully applied to the production of transport jig.

Kinematic-mapping-model-guided analysis and optimization of 2-PSS&1-RR circular-rail parallel mechanism for fully steerable phased array antennas

This paper presents a systematic methodology for analyzing and optimizing an innovative antenna mount designed for phased array antennas, implemented through a novel 2-PSS&1-RR circular-rail parallel mechanism. Initially, a comparative motion analysis between the 3D model of the mount and its full-scale prototype is conducted to validate effectiveness. Given the inherent complexity, a kinematic mapping model is established between the mount and the crank-slider linkage, providing a guiding framework for subsequent analysis and optimization. Guided by this model, feasible inverse and forward solutions are derived, enabling precise identification of stiffness singularities. The concept of singularity distance is thus introduced to reflect the structural stiffness of the mount. Subsequently, also guided by the mapping model, a heuristic algorithm incorporating two backtracking procedures is developed to reduce the mount's mass. Additionally, a parametric finite-element model is employed to explore the relation between singularity distance and structural stiffness. The results indicate a significant reduction(about 16%) in the antenna mount's mass through the developed algorithm, while highlighting the singularity distance as an effective stiffness indicator for this type of antenna mount.

Research on the Dynamic Volatility Relationship between Chinese and U.S. Stock Markets Based on the DCC-GARCH Model under the Background of the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study utilizes the Dynamic Conditional Correlation-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model to investigate the dynamic relationship between Chinese and U.S. stock markets amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, a univariate GARCH model is developed to derive residual sequences, which are then used to estimate the DCC model parameters. The research reveals a significant rise in the interconnection between the Chinese and U.S. stock markets during the pandemic. The S&P 500 index displayed higher sensitivity and greater volatility in response to the pandemic, whereas the CSI 300 index showed superior resilience and stability. Analysis and model estimation suggest that the market’s dependence on historical data has intensified and its sensitivity to recent shocks has heightened. Predictions from the model indicate increased market volatility during the pandemic. While the model is proficient in capturing market trends, there remains potential for enhancing the accuracy of specific volatility predictions. The study proposes recommendations for policymakers and investors, highlighting the importance of improved cooperation in international financial market regulation and investor education.

The Study on Innovation Model Characteristics and Function Enhancement of “Leading Grain Enterprises+Farmers” in New Circumstances——an Investigation and Analysis on Major Grainproducing Areas in Hubei Province

ln the context of comprehensively deepening the reform, and integration of three The first, second and third industry sectors in rural areas, the research took major grain-producing areas in Hubei as an example, analyzed dominant grain in-dustrialization models “leading grain enterprises＋farmers”, and revealed its character-istics, advantages, and approaches for function reinforcement. The research is so meaningful, practical y or in future.

The superiority of multi-trait models with genotype-by-environment interactions in a limited number of environments for genomic prediction in pigs

Background: Different production systems and climates could lead to genotype-by-environment(G × E) interactions between populations, and the inclusion of G × E interactions is becoming essential in breeding decisions. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of multi-trait models in genomic prediction in a limited number of environments with G × E interactions.Results: In total, 2,688 and 1,384 individuals with growth and reproduction phenotypes, respectively, from two Yorkshire pig populations with similar genetic backgrounds were genotyped with the PorcineSNP80 panel.Single-and multi-trait models with genomic best linear unbiased prediction(GBLUP) and BayesC π were implemented to investigate their genomic prediction abilities with 20 replicates of five-fold cross-validation.Our results regarding between-environment genetic correlations of growth and reproductive traits(ranging from 0.618 to 0.723) indicated the existence of G × E interactions between these two Yorkshire pig populations. For single-trait models, genomic prediction with GBLUP was only 1.1% more accurate on average in the combined population than in single populations, and no significant improvements were obtained by BayesC π for most traits. In addition, single-trait models with either GBLUP or BayesC π produced greater bias for the combined population than for single populations. However, multi-trait models with GBLUP and BayesC π better accommodated G × E interactions,yielding 2.2% – 3.8% and 1.0% – 2.5% higher prediction accuracies for growth and reproductive traits, respectively,compared to those for single-trait models of single populations and the combined population. The multi-trait models also yielded lower bias and larger gains in the case of a small reference population. The smaller improvement in prediction accuracy and larger bias obtained by the single-trait models in the combined population was mainly due to the low consistency of linkage disequilibrium between the two populations, which also caused the BayesC π method to always produce the largest standard error in marker effect estimation for the combined population.Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings confirmed that directly combining populations to enlarge the reference population is not efficient in improving the accuracy of genomic prediction in the presence of G × E interactions, while multi-trait models perform better in a limited number of environments with G × E interactions.

Application of a hospital–community–family trinity rehabilitation nursing model combined with motor imagery therapy in patients with cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND Rehabilitation nursing is considered an indispensable part of the cerebral infarction treatment system.The hospital–community–family trinity rehabilitation nursing model can provide continuous nursing services across hospitals,communities,and families for patients.AIM To explore the application of a hospital–community–family rehabilitation nursing model combined with motor imagery therapy in patients with cerebral infarction.METHODS From January 2021 to December 2021,88 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into a study(n=44)and a control(n=44)group using a simple random number table.The control group received routine nursing and motor imagery therapy.The study group was given hospital–community–family trinity rehabilitation nursing based on the control group.Motor function(FMA),balance ability(BBS),activities of daily living(BI),quality of life(SS-QOL),activation status of the contralateral primary sensorimotor cortical area to the affected side,and nursing satisfaction were evaluated before and after intervention in both groups.RESULTS Before intervention,FMA and BBS were similar(P>0.05).After 6 months’intervention,FMA and BBS were significantly higher in the study than in the control group(both P<0.05).Before intervention,BI and SS-QOL scores were not different between the study and control group(P>0.05).However,after 6months’intervention,BI and SS-QOL were higher in the study than in the control group(P<0.05).Before intervention,activation frequency and volume were similar between the study and the control group(P>0.05).After 6 months’intervention,the activation frequency and volume were higher in the study than in the control group(P<0.05).The reliability,empathy,reactivity,assurance,and tangibles scores for quality of nursing service were higher in the study than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combining a hospital–community–family trinity rehabilitation nursing model and motor imagery therapy enhances the motor function and balance ability of patients with cerebral infarction,improving their quality of life.

基于Modelica的液压支架多领域运动仿真分析

系统仿真软件Dymola完全支持建模语言Modelica,能够实现多领域协同建模仿真。利用基于Modelica语言开发的机械领域库和电气库,对某一型号的掩护式液压支架四连杆部分进行了运动学仿真。仿真结果验证了该液压支架设计的合理性,为支架的其他运动性能多领域分析和进一步优化提供了参考。