The persistent epidemic of human mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), raises concerns about the future spread ofMPXV and other poxviruses. MPXV is a typical zoonotic virus which can infect human and cause smallpox-likes...The persistent epidemic of human mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), raises concerns about the future spread ofMPXV and other poxviruses. MPXV is a typical zoonotic virus which can infect human and cause smallpox-likesymptoms. MPXV belongs to the Poxviridae family, which has a relatively broad host range from arthropods tovertebrates. Cross-species transmission of poxviruses among different hosts has been frequently reported andresulted in numerous epidemics. Poxviruses have a complex linear double-strand DNA genome that encodeshundreds of proteins. Genes related to the host range of poxvirus are called host range genes (HRGs). This reviewbriefly introduces the taxonomy, phylogeny and hosts of poxviruses, and then comprehensively summarizes thecurrent knowledge about the cross-species transmission of poxviruses. In particular, the HRGs of poxvirus aredescribed and their impacts on viral host range are discussed in depth. We hope that this review will provide acomprehensive perspective about the current progress of researches on cross-species transmission and HRGvariation of poxviruses, serving as a valuable reference for academic studies and disease control in the future.展开更多
The (Y,Gd)BO 3∶Eu phosphor was synthesized by solid state reaction. The UV spectra showed that in a certain range of Gd 3+ concentration, more Gd 3+ absorbed energy and transferred it to Eu 3+ with its increasing con...The (Y,Gd)BO 3∶Eu phosphor was synthesized by solid state reaction. The UV spectra showed that in a certain range of Gd 3+ concentration, more Gd 3+ absorbed energy and transferred it to Eu 3+ with its increasing concentration. From the spectra in VUV region, it was observed that both the doping and the concentrations of Gd 3+ , Eu 3+ greatly affected the absorption of the host lattice. The absorbances at 147 nm and 170 nm increased when the Gd 3+ was doped which can be explained as that Gd 3+ transferred energy to BO 4. The optical properties of (Y,Gd)BO 3∶Eu were the best when the concentration of Eu 3+ was about 0.04.展开更多
The molecular recotwtion abilities of β-naphthoated β-CD derivatives as the host compounds were studied: 3-o-β-Naphthoyl-β-CD has a largely improved association constant with cyclohexanol than the corresponding 6-...The molecular recotwtion abilities of β-naphthoated β-CD derivatives as the host compounds were studied: 3-o-β-Naphthoyl-β-CD has a largely improved association constant with cyclohexanol than the corresponding 6-position substituted β-CD derivative has. On the other hand, the polarisablity and the sturcture of the gueset molecule are also important factors which affect the association constant. Cyclohexane may form the 1:2 type inclusion compound with the host compound in this report.展开更多
The highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus could infect humans with high mortality rate, even though it has not yet become efficiently transmissible among humans. This proteomic study investigated the molecular ...The highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus could infect humans with high mortality rate, even though it has not yet become efficiently transmissible among humans. This proteomic study investigated the molecular basis of interspecies transmission and host range of this lethal virus in Asia, due to its potential pandemic threat. Although there are host markers located in previous research between general avian and human influenza viruses, the novelty of our work was to uncover host markers between highly pathogenic avian and human H5N1 viruses in Asia. Many host markers we found were not present in the previous general markers, thus expanding the current repertoire of host markers with these strain-specific host markers. Ranked by their order of importance, the top 10 host markers discovered in this report were PB2_627, HA_325, NS1_205, PB2_524, HA_86, NA_201, NP_373, NS1_7, HA_156, NA_74, confirming our current knowledge that PB2_627 is the most critical site for distinguishing avian and human H5N1. We also identified several naturally-occurred mutations in the HA protein that might shift the receptor binding preference of Asian avian H5N1, since early detection of mutations that might lead to emergence of a new pandemic virus is of prime importance. Finally, we analyzed the distinctive interaction patterns within and between proteins of avian and human H5N1 in Asia at protein level and individual residue level. From multiple viewpoints, our findings reinforced the experimental observation that multiple genes of Asian avian H5N1 are involved in its gradual adaptation to human hosts.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2002218)the Hunan University Fund(521119400156).
文摘The persistent epidemic of human mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), raises concerns about the future spread ofMPXV and other poxviruses. MPXV is a typical zoonotic virus which can infect human and cause smallpox-likesymptoms. MPXV belongs to the Poxviridae family, which has a relatively broad host range from arthropods tovertebrates. Cross-species transmission of poxviruses among different hosts has been frequently reported andresulted in numerous epidemics. Poxviruses have a complex linear double-strand DNA genome that encodeshundreds of proteins. Genes related to the host range of poxvirus are called host range genes (HRGs). This reviewbriefly introduces the taxonomy, phylogeny and hosts of poxviruses, and then comprehensively summarizes thecurrent knowledge about the cross-species transmission of poxviruses. In particular, the HRGs of poxvirus aredescribed and their impacts on viral host range are discussed in depth. We hope that this review will provide acomprehensive perspective about the current progress of researches on cross-species transmission and HRGvariation of poxviruses, serving as a valuable reference for academic studies and disease control in the future.
文摘The (Y,Gd)BO 3∶Eu phosphor was synthesized by solid state reaction. The UV spectra showed that in a certain range of Gd 3+ concentration, more Gd 3+ absorbed energy and transferred it to Eu 3+ with its increasing concentration. From the spectra in VUV region, it was observed that both the doping and the concentrations of Gd 3+ , Eu 3+ greatly affected the absorption of the host lattice. The absorbances at 147 nm and 170 nm increased when the Gd 3+ was doped which can be explained as that Gd 3+ transferred energy to BO 4. The optical properties of (Y,Gd)BO 3∶Eu were the best when the concentration of Eu 3+ was about 0.04.
文摘The molecular recotwtion abilities of β-naphthoated β-CD derivatives as the host compounds were studied: 3-o-β-Naphthoyl-β-CD has a largely improved association constant with cyclohexanol than the corresponding 6-position substituted β-CD derivative has. On the other hand, the polarisablity and the sturcture of the gueset molecule are also important factors which affect the association constant. Cyclohexane may form the 1:2 type inclusion compound with the host compound in this report.
文摘The highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus could infect humans with high mortality rate, even though it has not yet become efficiently transmissible among humans. This proteomic study investigated the molecular basis of interspecies transmission and host range of this lethal virus in Asia, due to its potential pandemic threat. Although there are host markers located in previous research between general avian and human influenza viruses, the novelty of our work was to uncover host markers between highly pathogenic avian and human H5N1 viruses in Asia. Many host markers we found were not present in the previous general markers, thus expanding the current repertoire of host markers with these strain-specific host markers. Ranked by their order of importance, the top 10 host markers discovered in this report were PB2_627, HA_325, NS1_205, PB2_524, HA_86, NA_201, NP_373, NS1_7, HA_156, NA_74, confirming our current knowledge that PB2_627 is the most critical site for distinguishing avian and human H5N1. We also identified several naturally-occurred mutations in the HA protein that might shift the receptor binding preference of Asian avian H5N1, since early detection of mutations that might lead to emergence of a new pandemic virus is of prime importance. Finally, we analyzed the distinctive interaction patterns within and between proteins of avian and human H5N1 in Asia at protein level and individual residue level. From multiple viewpoints, our findings reinforced the experimental observation that multiple genes of Asian avian H5N1 are involved in its gradual adaptation to human hosts.
