Mankind has entered the 21st century of high speed development in science and e-conomics. Owing to the alteration of disease modes in the new century, the greatly elevated quality of human life and the arrival of aged...Mankind has entered the 21st century of high speed development in science and e-conomics. Owing to the alteration of disease modes in the new century, the greatly elevated quality of human life and the arrival of aged society, the modes of medicine have obviously changed from the treatment mode展开更多
Aspirin is apt to hydrolyze. In order to improve its stability, a new method has been developed involving the application of hot-melt sub-and outercoating combined with enteric aqueous coating. The main aim was to inv...Aspirin is apt to hydrolyze. In order to improve its stability, a new method has been developed involving the application of hot-melt sub-and outercoating combined with enteric aqueous coating. The main aim was to investigate the influence of these factors on the stability of ASA and understand how they work. Satisfactory storage stability were obtained when the aspirin tablet core coated with Eudragit L30D55 film was combined with glycerin monostearate(GMS) as an outercoat. Hygroscopicity testing indicated that the moisture penetrating into the tablet may result in a significant change in the physical properties of the coating film observed by scanning electron microscopy. Investigation of the compatibility between the drug and film excipients shows that the talc and methacrylic acid had a significant catalytic effect on ASA. A hypothesis was proposed that the hydrolysis of ASA enteric coated tablets(ASA-ECT) was mostly concentrated in the internal film and the interfaces between the film and tablet core. In conclusion, hot-melt coating technology is an alternative to subcoating or outercoating. Also, GMS sub-coating was a better choice for forming a stable barrier between the tablet core and the polymer coating layer, and increases the structure and chemical stability.展开更多
Pain is a sensation related to potential or actual damage in some tissue of the body. The mainstay of medical pain therapy remains drugs that have been around for decades, like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （...Pain is a sensation related to potential or actual damage in some tissue of the body. The mainstay of medical pain therapy remains drugs that have been around for decades, like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs）, or opiates. However, adverse effects of opiates, particularly tolerance, limit their clinical use. Several lines of investigations have shown that systemic （intraperitoneal） administration of NSAIDs induces antinociception with some effects of tolerance. In this review, we report that repeated microinjection of NSAIDs analgin, clodifen, ketorolac and xefocam into the central nucleus of amygdala, the midbrain periaqueductal grey matter and nucleus raphe magnus in the following 4 days result in progressively less antinociception compared to the saline control testing in the tail-flick reflex and hot plate latency tests. Hence, tolerance develops to these drugs and cross-tolerance to morphine in male rats. These findings strongly support the suggestion of endogenous opioid involvement in NSAIDs antinociception and tolerance in the descending pain-control system. Moreover, the periaqueductal grey-rostral ventro-medial part of medulla circuit should be viewed as a pain-modulation system. These data are important for human medicine. In particular, cross-tolerance between non-opioid and opioid analgesics should be important in the clinical setting.展开更多
目的:观察壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例膝骨关节炎患者随机分为4组,每组15例,分别采用壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法、运动疗法、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法、壮药骨痹方烫熨治疗。分别于治疗前、治...目的:观察壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例膝骨关节炎患者随机分为4组,每组15例,分别采用壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法、运动疗法、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法、壮药骨痹方烫熨治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗2周后及治疗8周后,记录并比较4组患者徒手肌力检查(manual muscle testing,MMT)评分和美国膝关节协会评分(knee society score,KSS)。结果:治疗前后不同时间点间MMT评分比较,差异有统计学意义,存在时间效应(F=5.068,P=0.004);4组患者MMT评分比较,组间差异有统计学意义,存在分组效应(F=2.086,P=0.033);治疗前4组患者MMT评分比较,组间差异无统计学意义[(70.0±16.9)分,(70.0±19.4)分,(71.7±16.0)分,(71.7±18.6)分,F=2.086,P=0.100];治疗2周后和治疗8周后,壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法组MMT评分均高于运动疗法组、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法组、壮药骨痹方烫熨组[(90.0±12.7)分,(88.0±14.8)分,(88.3±12.9)分,(86.1±13.4)分,F=3.846,P=0.014;(95.0±10.4)分,(90.0±10.4)分,(91.3±11.4)分,(88.3±14.8)分,F=12.570,P=0.000];时间因素和分组因素存在交互效应(F=5.016,P=0.002)。治疗前后不同时间点间KSS评分比较,差异有统计学意义,存在时间效应(F=53.860,P=0.000);4组患者KSS评分比较,组间差异有统计学意义,存在分组效应(F=528.816,P=0.000);治疗前4组患者KSS评分比较,组间差异无统计学意义[(144.0±5.6)分,(143.0±6.3)分,(144.0±5.7)分,(143.0±6.1)分,F=0.048,P=0.986];治疗2周后和治疗8周后,壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法组KSS评分均高于运动疗法组、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法组、壮药骨痹方烫熨组[(253.0±5.5)分,(238.0±6.8)分,(243.0±5.7)分,(233.0±6.0)分,F=528.816,P=0.000;(263.0±5.7)分,(234.0±6.5)分,(234.0±3.7)分,(225.0±6.6)分,F=125.620,P=0.000];时间因素和分组因素存在交互效应(F=5.008,P=0.002)。结论:壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法治疗膝骨关节炎,能够改善膝关节功能,提高股四头肌肌力,疗效优于单纯运动疗法、单纯壮药骨痹方烫熨和口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
文摘Mankind has entered the 21st century of high speed development in science and e-conomics. Owing to the alteration of disease modes in the new century, the greatly elevated quality of human life and the arrival of aged society, the modes of medicine have obviously changed from the treatment mode
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81402858)the Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(No.2015020736)Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Long-term Training Fund(No.ZCJJ2014406)
文摘Aspirin is apt to hydrolyze. In order to improve its stability, a new method has been developed involving the application of hot-melt sub-and outercoating combined with enteric aqueous coating. The main aim was to investigate the influence of these factors on the stability of ASA and understand how they work. Satisfactory storage stability were obtained when the aspirin tablet core coated with Eudragit L30D55 film was combined with glycerin monostearate(GMS) as an outercoat. Hygroscopicity testing indicated that the moisture penetrating into the tablet may result in a significant change in the physical properties of the coating film observed by scanning electron microscopy. Investigation of the compatibility between the drug and film excipients shows that the talc and methacrylic acid had a significant catalytic effect on ASA. A hypothesis was proposed that the hydrolysis of ASA enteric coated tablets(ASA-ECT) was mostly concentrated in the internal film and the interfaces between the film and tablet core. In conclusion, hot-melt coating technology is an alternative to subcoating or outercoating. Also, GMS sub-coating was a better choice for forming a stable barrier between the tablet core and the polymer coating layer, and increases the structure and chemical stability.
基金supported by the grant from Georgian National Science Foundation,No.GNSF/ST07/6-234
文摘Pain is a sensation related to potential or actual damage in some tissue of the body. The mainstay of medical pain therapy remains drugs that have been around for decades, like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs）, or opiates. However, adverse effects of opiates, particularly tolerance, limit their clinical use. Several lines of investigations have shown that systemic （intraperitoneal） administration of NSAIDs induces antinociception with some effects of tolerance. In this review, we report that repeated microinjection of NSAIDs analgin, clodifen, ketorolac and xefocam into the central nucleus of amygdala, the midbrain periaqueductal grey matter and nucleus raphe magnus in the following 4 days result in progressively less antinociception compared to the saline control testing in the tail-flick reflex and hot plate latency tests. Hence, tolerance develops to these drugs and cross-tolerance to morphine in male rats. These findings strongly support the suggestion of endogenous opioid involvement in NSAIDs antinociception and tolerance in the descending pain-control system. Moreover, the periaqueductal grey-rostral ventro-medial part of medulla circuit should be viewed as a pain-modulation system. These data are important for human medicine. In particular, cross-tolerance between non-opioid and opioid analgesics should be important in the clinical setting.
文摘目的:观察壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例膝骨关节炎患者随机分为4组,每组15例,分别采用壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法、运动疗法、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法、壮药骨痹方烫熨治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗2周后及治疗8周后,记录并比较4组患者徒手肌力检查(manual muscle testing,MMT)评分和美国膝关节协会评分(knee society score,KSS)。结果:治疗前后不同时间点间MMT评分比较,差异有统计学意义,存在时间效应(F=5.068,P=0.004);4组患者MMT评分比较,组间差异有统计学意义,存在分组效应(F=2.086,P=0.033);治疗前4组患者MMT评分比较,组间差异无统计学意义[(70.0±16.9)分,(70.0±19.4)分,(71.7±16.0)分,(71.7±18.6)分,F=2.086,P=0.100];治疗2周后和治疗8周后,壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法组MMT评分均高于运动疗法组、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法组、壮药骨痹方烫熨组[(90.0±12.7)分,(88.0±14.8)分,(88.3±12.9)分,(86.1±13.4)分,F=3.846,P=0.014;(95.0±10.4)分,(90.0±10.4)分,(91.3±11.4)分,(88.3±14.8)分,F=12.570,P=0.000];时间因素和分组因素存在交互效应(F=5.016,P=0.002)。治疗前后不同时间点间KSS评分比较,差异有统计学意义,存在时间效应(F=53.860,P=0.000);4组患者KSS评分比较,组间差异有统计学意义,存在分组效应(F=528.816,P=0.000);治疗前4组患者KSS评分比较,组间差异无统计学意义[(144.0±5.6)分,(143.0±6.3)分,(144.0±5.7)分,(143.0±6.1)分,F=0.048,P=0.986];治疗2周后和治疗8周后,壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法组KSS评分均高于运动疗法组、口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法组、壮药骨痹方烫熨组[(253.0±5.5)分,(238.0±6.8)分,(243.0±5.7)分,(233.0±6.0)分,F=528.816,P=0.000;(263.0±5.7)分,(234.0±6.5)分,(234.0±3.7)分,(225.0±6.6)分,F=125.620,P=0.000];时间因素和分组因素存在交互效应(F=5.008,P=0.002)。结论:壮药骨痹方烫熨联合运动疗法治疗膝骨关节炎,能够改善膝关节功能,提高股四头肌肌力,疗效优于单纯运动疗法、单纯壮药骨痹方烫熨和口服双氯芬酸钠联合运动疗法,值得临床推广应用。
