Houttuynia cordata Thunb rescues retinal ganglion cells through inhibiting microglia activation in a rat model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion

AIM:To determine whether Houttuynia cordata Thunb(HCT)can increase the survival of the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and inhibit microglia activation following retinal ischemia-reperfusion(RIR)injury.METHODS:Rat model of RIR was induced by transient elevation of the intraocular pressure(IOP).HCT was orally administered for 2 d before the performance of retinal RIR model and once a day for the next 14 d.After 14 d of RIR injury,the rats were sacrificed for further analysis.Survival RGCs were stained with haematoxylin and eosin(H&E).Apoptosis of RGCs was detected by TUNEL staining.Retinal function was examined by flash-electroretinography(F-ERG).Retinal microglia were labeled using Iba-1,one specific marker for microglia.The m RNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),and interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β)were assessed by quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR).RESULTS:Systemic HCT treatment significantly reduced RGCs death by H&E staining and exhibited an anti-apoptotic effect as assessed by TUNEL staining at day 14 after RIR injury.HCT greatly improved the retinal function as examined by F-ERG.The number of activated microglia significantly increased after RIR injury,which was significantly attenuated by HCT treatment.Besides,RIR injury induced a strong upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes TNF-α,i NOS and IL-1βm RNAs at day 14 post injury,which was suppressed by HCT.CONCLUSION:Neuroprotective effects of HCT encourage the survival of RGCs through inhibiting microglia activation due to RIR injury.Together these results support the use of HCT as promising therapy for the ischemic events of the retina diseases.

Responses of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.to Tetracycline Stress

[Objectives]To study responses of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.to tetracycline(TC)stress in a sterile environment.[Methods]Aseptic H.cordata seedlings were cultured in the medium which added the different concentrations of TC,and then the contents of chlorophyll and malondialdehyde(MDA),and activity of catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of H.cordata leaves were measured.[Results]Compared with the CK,the contents of chlorophyll of H.cordata leaves decreased,and the accumulation of MDA,and the activity of CAT,POD and SOD in H.cordata leaves increased when H.cordata was stressed by different concentration of TC.[Conclusions]The growth,metabolism and physiology of H.cordata were affected by the stress of TC.More importantly,this proved an insight into the effect or harm of undegraded antibiotics in the soil and water in the natural environment to plant growth all the time.

Effects of Climate Factors in Greenhouses on the Growth Development and Quality of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.

[Objectives]This study was conducted to demonstrate whether greenhouse planting can solve the problem of insufficient supply of fresh H.cordata Thunb.in winter and spring.[Methods]The effects of meteorological factors on the growth and quality of H.cordata Thunb.were analyzed.[Results]The highest temperature and lowest temperature in greenhouses were 6-12℃and 5-10℃higher than those in the open fields,respectively,and the average temperature difference between the greenhouses and the open fields was large in the early stage,but small in the late stage.The effective accumulated temperature≥10℃was 3463℃in the greenhouses and 2046℃in the open fields.Although the humidity in the open fields was higher than that in the greenhouses,the humidity in the greenhouses was relatively stable and that in the open field changed greatly.The light intensity of the greenhouses was lower than that of the open fields.In terms of the periods from film covering day to seedling emergence,seedling emergence to full emergence,and full emergence to crop closure,greenhouse planting was shortened by 47,11,and 5 d,respectively,compared with open field planting,but the period from crop closure to flowering was extended by 40 d.The plant height of the plants planted in the greenhouses reached 0.1 cm on January 7,while those planted in the open fields did not have seedlings until February 25,and the plant height,daily growth rate,yield and effective components in volatile oil of the plants planted in the greenhouses were significantly higher than those planted in the open fields.The growth,development and quality of H.cordata Thunb.reached the extremely significant or significant level with temperature,but had no significant correlation with humidity and light intensity,indicating that temperature had the greatest impact on the growth,development and quality of H.cordata Thunb.when planted in the greenhouses.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for protected cultivation and explores new planting methods for the further development of its industry.

Effects and safety of Chinese herbals containing Houttuynia cordata Thunb in the treatment of lung cancer:a systematic review

Objective:This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of Houttuynia cordata in the treatment of lung cancer in order to provide clinical data support for better application of Houttuynia cordata.Methods:PubMed,EMbase,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,Scopus,CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP and SinoMed were used to retrieve clinical observations and clinical controlled studies of Houttuynia cordata in the treatment of lung cancer.The retrieval time ranges from database building to January 2019.Two researchers independently screened literature,extracted data and conducted computational analysis.Result:In the clinical observational study,12 literatures of pure Chinese medicine treatment(1473 patients)and 4 literatures of combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment(193 patients)were compared.The total effective rate and total stable rate of combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment for tumour control were better,but the total improvement rate of quality of life of combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment was lower than that of pure Chinese medicine,and the incidence of adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal tract reaction was also higher than that of pure Chinese medicine.Chinese medicine In the clinical control study,8 articles(567 patients)in the treatment group were treated by Chinese medicine and 9 articles in the treatment group(530 patients)were treated by combination of Chinese and Western medicine.Compared with Chinese medicine group,the total effective rate and total stability rate in the control of tumor size were higher in the combination of Chinese and Western medicine;The survival rate of 0.5~2 years was higher,and the total effective rate of body weight gain was slightly higher in the combination of Chinese and Western medicine.At the same time,the incidence of side effects was significantly higher than that of pure Chinese medicine treatment group.In addition,compared with the control group,the incidence of all side effects in the pure Chinese medicine group was lower.Compared with the control group,besides"bleeding","oral reaction"and"skin reaction",the probability interval of side effects in the treatment group was less than that in the control group,and the degree of side effects was also less than that in the chemotherapy group.Conclusion:In the treatment of lung cancer,the use of herbs containing Houttuynia cordata combined with western medicine or radiotherapy and chemotherapy not only has good curative effect,but also reduces toxicity and side effects.Therefore,the combination of herbs with western medicine has unique advantages,which deserves further in-depth research and development.

鱼腥草地上部分和根部提取物抑制尖吻蝮蛇毒的比较

研究鱼腥草Houttuynia cordata Thunb地上部分提取物和根部提取物对尖吻蝮Deinagkistrodon acutus蛇毒抑制作用。采用体外实验检测两种提取物对尖吻蝮蛇毒中主要酶类(蛋白水解酶、磷脂酶A2(PLA 2)、透明质酸酶等)的抑制作用;采用体内实验检测其对尖吻蝮蛇毒诱导体内毒性(出血、水肿、组织坏死和致死毒性)的抑制作用。鱼腥草地上部分提取物对尖吻蝮蛇毒蛋白水解酶、磷脂酶A2和透明质酸酶活性具有显著的抑制作用,同时能有效抑制促凝活性和纤维蛋白原水解活性;在体内,能够使尖吻蝮蛇毒引起的出血、水肿、组织坏死和致死毒性明显减弱。相比之下,鱼腥草根部提取物也表现出类似的抑制模式,但在相同浓度下其抑制效果均低于地上部分提取物。植物化学成分分析表明,两种提取物中均含有生物碱、蒽醌类物质和蛋白质;地上部分提取物中含有黄酮、多酚、单宁、三萜、甾醇和皂苷类物质,而根部提取物中缺少这些物质。实验结果首次验证了鱼腥草地上部分及根部对尖吻蝮蛇毒的抑制作用,并证实地上部分比根部在抑制毒液的主要酶类和体内毒性方面更为有效,表明鱼腥草地上部分可以作为一种潜在资源用于开发治疗毒蛇咬伤的解毒剂。

不同肥料配施对鱼腥草产量及品质的影响

为了优化当阳市鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thunb.)田间施肥管理,开展了不减少钾肥施用量,分别减少不同氮磷肥施用量及增施生物菌肥等不同肥料配施对鱼腥草产量及品质影响的研究。结果表明,在降低化肥施用量13.7%的同时增施生物菌肥,鱼腥草地下茎的可溶性蛋白质比常规施肥(CK)增加44.2%,维生素C含量比常规施肥(CK)增加33.6%,对生长期的株高和茎粗影响不显著,产量较对照高2.3%。仅减少化肥施用量不增施生物菌肥时,鱼腥草生长指标及产量均有不同程度的降低。因此,不减少钾肥的情况下,减施氮磷肥13.7%、增施生物菌肥更适合目前当阳市鱼腥草种植中对肥料的需求,可促进鱼腥草高效绿色生产。

Enhancing the immune response in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by addition of Chinese herbs Houttuynia cordata Thunb as a food supplement

The Chinese herb Houttuynia cordata Thunb(abbreviated as HCT hereafter)has been widely used in human and livestock medical research.However,few studies have tested the effects of HCT in aquaculture systems,particularly in echinoderms.In this study,the impact of HCT was evaluated when used as a feed additive to enhance the immune response of the sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus.Two concentrations,1.5%and 3%,of HCT powder were tested by adding them to the feed.Feeding experiments had a four week duration and each week,the humoral and cellular immunity index of the intestine,tentacles,peristome,and coelomic fluid were analyzed.The results indicated that the percentage of A.japonicus coelomocytes significantly increased after supplementing feed with HCT,and reached a peak after one week of feeding with the 3%HCT supplementation.Analysis of reactive oxygen species(ROS)indicated that HCT in feed caused a notable increase in the coelomocyte ROS concentrations over the experimental period.In both the 1.5%and 3%HCT addition groups,the ROS peaked in the third week and then remained stable.In addition,alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase,superoxide dismutase,lysozyme activity of the intestine,tentacles,peristome and coelomic fluid were significantly improved during the four-week test period.In conclusion,1.5%and 3%HCT added to feed boosts the immune responses of A.japonicus.HCT has potential as an immune enhancer for mariculture of sea cucumbers.

鱼腥草总黄酮提取及其药理作用研究进展

鱼腥草是药食两用植物资源,黄酮类化合物是鱼腥草的主要药理活性成分,具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗辐射、抗疲劳、抗过敏、抑菌等药理作用。其提取方法有溶剂提取法、酶辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、超声辅助提取法及双水相萃取法等。本研究综述了鱼腥草总黄酮的提取与药理作用研究进展,为鱼腥草黄酮的进一步深入研究和临床应用提供参考。