Analyzing Population Density Disparity in China with GIS-automated Regionalization: The Hu Line Revisited

The famous ’Hu Line’, proposed by Hu Huanyong in 1935, divided China into two regions(southeast and northwest) of comparable area size but drastically different in population. However, the classic Hu Line was derived manually in absence of reliable census data and computational technologies of modern days. It has been subject to criticism of lack of scientific rigor and accuracy. This research uses a GIS-automated regionalization method, termed REDCAP(Regionalization with Dynamically Constrained Agglomerative Clustering and Partitioning), to reconstruct the demarcation line based on the 2010 county-level census data in China. The results show that the logarithmic transformation of population density is a better measure of attributive homogeneity in derived regions than density itself, and produces two regions of nearly identical area size and greater contrast in population. Specifically, the revised Hu Line by Hu Huanyong in 1990 had the southeast region with 94.4% of total population and 42.9% of total land, and our delineation line yields a southeast region with 97.4% population and 50.8% land. Therefore, the population density ratio of the two regions is 27.1 by our line, much higher than the ratio of 22.4 by the Hu Line, and thus outperforms the Hu Line in deriving regions of maximum density contrast with comparable area size. Furthermore, more regions are delineated to further advance our understanding of population distribution disparity in China.

China's different spatial patterns of population growth based on the “Hu Line”

The "Hu Line" has been regarded as one of the greatest geographical discoveries in China because it reveals the significant spatial relationship between human activity and natural environment. The spatial evolution of population on both sides of the "Hu Line" has had important implications for both urbanization and regional development and has attracted widespread attention during the dramatic economic and social changes since the implementation of reform and opening-up policy in China in 1978. Using Geographical Information System(GIS) techniques, this paper studied the stability of the "Hu Line" and the spatial patterns of population growth on each side by constructing a spatial database of China's census data from 1982 to 2010. The findings are as follows:(1) In the last 30 years, the "Hu Line" has remained relatively stable, but a new tendency of population change has begun to emerge. The population ratio either side, namely, the southeast half(SEH) and the northwest half(NWH), of the "Hu Line" remains at roughly 94:6(SHE : NWH). Noteworthy, the proportion of population in the SEH of the "Hu Line" has been decreasing slightly, while that in the NWH has been increasing slightly, as the latter has benefited from its higher rate of natural population growth.(2) The spatial patterns of population growth on both sides of the "Hu Line" were quite different. The degree of population concentration in the SEH increased faster than the NWH. Regions with a negative population growth rate have rapidly expanded; these were mainly located in the south of the "Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River belt" and northeastern China. Meanwhile, regions with a fast population growth rate were mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing-Tianjin metropolitan area. Thus, the spatial pattern of population growth in the SEH presented a concentration pattern that could be called "Matthew effect pattern".(3) The spatial pattern of population growth in the NWH could be regarded as the "Relative Balance pattern." In the NWH, the population growth rate was positive and the degree of population concentration was very low. There were many minority populations located in the NWH that usually lived in a dispersed pattern but had a higher rate of natural population growth due to the preferential population policy. There were also some regions with a negative rate of population growth in the NWH, which were mainly located close to the "Hu Line" and the Ancient Silk Road.(4) In the future, the spatial patterns of population growth on both sides of the "Hu Line" may continue to evolve. For the SEH, the capacity to attract more people to small and medium-sized cities and towns should be enhanced. For the NWH, the emphasis should be placed on promoting urbanization and enhancing population agglomeration in its major cities.

Spatio-temporal characteristics of population and economy in transitional geographic space at the southern end of"Hu Huan-yong Line"

"Hu Huan-yong Line(Hu Line)"depicts a geographical pattern of China’s population distribution.Its essence is the regionality of humanland relationship and reflects basic characteristics and laws of human beings’adaptation to the natural environment.With the development of the times and the progress of modern science and technology,especially the rapid urbanization and construction of transportation network system in China,the connection between economic and geographical space has been continuously strengthened.The geographical transition zones from mountain areas to plains,i.e.,transitional geographical space,have promoted the changes in human-land relationships through population migration and agglomeration.Taking Sichuan-Yunnan provinces at the southern end of Hu Line as study area,this study analyzed the spatial correlation between population distribution and economy in this region,explored the pattern of geographical agglomeration and deagglomeration,and explained the changing characteristics of humanland relationship in transitional geographic space using global Moran’s I index,global regression model(GRM)and geographically weighted regression(GWR).The results show that population and Gross Domestic Product(GDP)have significant spatial dependence to this region,with obvious aggregation in geographical distribution and positive autocorrelation;comparing with the general least square model,the GWR model incorporating spatial effect was more suitable for revealing the distribution characteristics of geographical elements,with fine results and better fitting;the spatial model of population and GDP as well as the spatio-temporal evolution model of their changes,all of them strongly indicated that Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and road density were important factors governing the spatial differentiation of population and economy;under the rapid development of regional economy and continuous evolution of urban-rural relations,rural transformation and spatial reconstruction promoted the change of population migration and agglomeration.

数字普惠金融的民生福祉效应:“红利”与“鸿沟”

数字普惠金融比传统金融具有更好的地理穿透性,为增进民生福祉,破解“胡焕庸线魔咒”提供了可能,但较少有文献对此进行系统研究。论文基于中国民生发展指数和数字普惠金融指数,利用空间统计与计量方法,从市级层面系统考察了数字普惠金融的民生福祉效应,并分析了以胡焕庸线为界的区域异质性特征。研究发现:数字普惠金融指数和民生福祉指数具有明显的空间分布异质性特点,呈现“高值向东南集聚、低值向西北集聚”的趋势。数字普惠金融与民生福祉皆存在显著的空间关联性,空间集聚特征明显且呈两极分化格局,胡焕庸线仍是两者的重要空间分界线;高-高集聚主要分布在胡焕庸线东南侧的沿海城市,低-低集聚主要分布在靠近胡焕庸线两侧的城市。数字普惠金融显著增进了民生福祉,发挥出“数字红利”的普惠作用;该作用在胡焕庸线东南侧城市显著高于西北侧城市,但两侧差距在缩小,这说明区域“鸿沟”在缩小,“胡焕庸线魔咒”有望破解。此外,研究还显示数字普惠金融的覆盖广度和使用深度是增进民生福祉的主要驱动力,而且后者的作用大于前者。因此,要加快西部地区数字基础设施与相关技术发展,提升胡焕庸线西北侧城市数字普惠金融的覆盖广度与使用深度,以增进区域民生福祉均衡性和可及性。

“胡焕庸线”两侧高中生健康素养与静坐时长态势特征调查研究

背景目前“胡焕庸线”的学术价值已经延伸至其他相关学科,考虑到我国人口众多且分布差异较为明显的特点,本研究借鉴人口地理学的研究成果,旨在探索按照“胡焕庸线”的人口密度分布界定标准,深入研究了“胡焕庸线”两侧城乡高中生的健康素养和静坐时长的态势特征。目的调查分析“胡焕庸线”两侧东南半壁与西北半壁的城乡高中生健康素养与静坐时长的现状态势特征,为改善我国高中生的身心健康水平提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2019年1—3月对我国31个省(直辖市、自治区)在内的62所学校高一、高二学生进行健康素养与静坐时长的调研(统一提前邮寄配发健康素养调查问卷与静坐时间调查问卷各12400份)。采用多元线性回归模型分析方差膨胀系数,校正混杂因素后分析“胡焕庸线”两侧东南半壁与西北半壁高中生静坐时长的影响因素。结果最后纳入健康素养调查问卷9057份,其中东南半壁7489份(82.7%),西北半壁1568份(17.3%);纳入静坐时间调查问卷8031份,其中东南半壁6614份(82.4%),西北半壁1417份(17.6%)。东南半壁高中生健康素养评分、静坐时长均高于西北半壁(Z=-4.009、-9.198,P<0.001)。东南半壁年龄为17、18岁,女性,城乡,父亲学历为大专以下、大专,母亲学历为大专、本科,家庭年收入为1~万、5~万、8~万、>10万元,家庭人口数为1、3、7、9、≥10人的高中生健康素养评分均高于西北半壁(P<0.05);东南半壁年龄为15、16、18岁,男女,城乡,父亲学历为大专以下、大专,母亲学历为大专以下,家庭年收入为<1万、2.5~万、5~万、8~万、>10万元,家庭人口数为3、4、5、6人的高中生静坐时长均长于西北半壁(P<0.05)。多元线性回归模型分析结果显示,校正混杂因素后,东南半壁高中生静坐时长与家庭年收入(β=0.324)和母亲学历(β=0.644)均呈正相关,但与健康素养评分(β=-0.015)和父亲学历(β=-0.212)均呈负相关(P<0.05);标准化回归系数β比较,家庭年收入(0.164)>母亲学历(0.131)>父亲学历(-0.056)>健康素养评分(-0.050)。西北半壁高中生静坐时长与健康素养评分(β=0.017)、父亲学历(β=0.789)、母亲学历(β=0.540)均呈正相关(P<0.05);标准化回归系数β比较,父亲学历(0.163)>母亲学历(0.111)>健康素养评分(0.056)。结论东南半壁高中生健康素养评分、静坐时长均高于西北半壁。东南半壁高中生静坐时长与家庭年收入和母亲学历呈正相关,但与健康素养评分和父亲学历呈负相关;西北半壁高中生静坐时长与健康素养评分父母亲学历均呈正相关。家庭年收入对东南半壁高中生静坐时长影响的权重最高,父亲学历对西北半壁高中生静坐时长影响的权重最高。

青藏高原隆升对中国疆域自然环境的影响:破解“胡焕庸线”的思考

中国疆域广大,人口、土地、耕地和发展程度很不均衡。1935年,知名学者胡焕庸据此提出了著名的“胡焕庸线”。利用这条北东-南西走向直线,将中国大陆划分为东西两个部分。该线的东、西两侧差异悬殊。究其缘由,制约因素多元,而近地表的自然环境和地球内部物质与能量的交换起着重要作用。研究与探索表明:印度次大陆与欧亚大陆两陆-陆板块的碰撞-挤压驱使高原南缘喜马拉雅造山带的突起是根本原因。喜马拉雅造山带的突起阻隔了印度洋南来温湿气流的北进,并形成了西风带,造成了中国西北地域的干旱和荒漠化。在力系作用下,壳、幔物质重新分异、调整,地壳短缩增厚、高原整体抬升不仅导致东、西两部降水量、气温、人口、耕地与生态环境的显著改变,且地球物理场发生了强烈变异与分布不均。西部发展的关键在于水,水进则人进,人进则文化进,文化进则科技进,科技进则发展快,西部人民生活与生存环境不断优化,社会则更安宁。东部不断强化开辟与利用地下空间,西部期盼“红旗河”西部调水工程实施,维护生态环境,兴建亿亩现代化耕地、牧场与绿洲。中国东部与西部共同发展与建设十分重要,饭碗要永远端在自己手中。

Patterns and drivers of avian taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity in China vary across geographical backgrounds and dispersal abilities

Geographical background and dispersal ability may strongly influence assemblage dissimilarity;however,these aspects have generally been overlooked in previous large-scale beta diversity studies.Here,we examined whether the patterns and drivers of taxonomic beta diversity(TBD)and phylogenetic beta diversity(PBD)of breeding birds in China vary across(1)regions on both sides of the Hu Line,which demarcates China’s topographical,climatic,economic,and social patterns,and(2)species with different dispersal ability.TBD and PBD were calculated and partitioned into turnover and nestedness components using a moving window approach.Variables representing climate,habitat heterogeneity,and habitat quality were employed to evaluate the effects of environmental filtering.Spatial distance was considered to assess the impact of dispersal limitation.Variance partitioning analysis was applied to assess the relative roles of these variables.In general,the values of TBD and PBD were high in mountainous areas and were largely determined by environmental filtering.However,different dominant environmental filters on either side of the Hu Line led to divergent beta diversity patterns.Specifically,climate-driven species turnover and habitat heterogeneity-related species nestedness dominated the regions east and west of the line,respectively.Additionally,bird species with stronger dispersal ability were more susceptible to environmental filtering,resulting in more homogeneous assemblages.Our results indicated that regions with distinctive geographical backgrounds may present different ecological factors that lead to divergent assemblage dissimilarity patterns,and dispersal ability determines the response of assemblages to these ecological factors.Identifying a single universal explanation for the observed pattern without considering these aspects may lead to simplistic or incomplete conclusions.Consequently,a comprehensive understanding of large-scale beta diversity patterns and effective planning of conservation strategies necessitate the consideration of both geographical background and species dispersal ability.

“胡焕庸线”两侧植被覆盖度地域分异的时空特征分析

探究“胡焕庸线”两侧植被覆盖度的地域分异对于生态环境保护与自然资源的可持续管理具有重要意义。本研究根据MODIS-NDVI遥感数据及相关研究资料,运用像元二分法量化了2000至2020年间植被覆盖的变化情况,并结合斜率分析、空间自相关分析、转移矩阵及相关分析法,系统分析了“胡焕庸线”东西两侧植被覆盖度的动态及降水对其的潜在影响。研究发现,中国植被覆盖度在“胡焕庸线”两侧展现出显著的空间异质性,西部地区普遍低于东部;冷点主要分布于线西,热点主要分布于线东。尽管过去21年间全国植被覆盖度经历了局部年度波动,但从整体趋势看呈上升态势,约有45%的地区植被覆盖水平实现了由低向高的转变。具体而言,“胡焕庸线”以西区域的年均植被覆盖度增长率约为0.0035/a,而线东地区则达到0.0059/a,且在各自区域内,植被显著增长的区域占比分别为53.22%和59.81%。此外,年降水量与年际间植被覆盖度的相关性在“胡焕庸线”两侧表现出空间上的差异化特征,即东部地区呈负相关,而西部则为正相关。综上所述,以“胡焕庸线”为界,中国的植被覆盖度在时间和空间上的分布特征凸显了其独特的地域分异性。本研究为理解我国植被生态系统的动态变化提供了重要依据。

中国碳排放全要素生产率的区域演进及其影响机制——基于胡焕庸线的实证分析

提升碳排放全要素生产率是全面建设中国式现代化的内在要求。运用NCSE-EBM与Malmquist Luenberger指数相结合的模型测度和分析2011—2020年我国30个省份碳排放全要素生产率及其区域动态演进特征,并采用灰色关联方法探讨区域碳排放全要素生产率演变的影响机制。结果显示:碳排放全要素生产率在空间上表现为胡焕庸线西北和东南区域高、沿线区域低的“V”型分布态势;三大区域碳排放全要素生产率均不存在严格收敛;效率改善指数是碳排放全要素生产率提升的内在主导性因素;产业结构是我国三大区域碳排放全要素生产率的最主要影响因素,技术创新与胡焕庸线西北区域和东南区域碳排放全要素生产率的关联度最低,而数字化与胡焕庸线沿线区域碳排放全要素生产率关联度最小。

2000—2020年中国县域人口老龄化分布格局及其影响因素

基于2000、2010和2020年3次中国人口普查分县数据,刻画近20年来中国县域人口老龄化的分布格局,并采用分数响应模型,从自然环境、社会经济要素和人口迁移3个维度,识别县域尺度人口老龄化程度空间分布的主要影响因子。结果表明:1) 20年间,中国绝大多数县域步入“老龄化社会”,部分县域步入“老龄社会”,成渝地区、内蒙古中部、长三角外围等地区县域步入“超老龄社会”。2)人口老龄化分布的空间结构模式多样。总体上,胡焕庸线是人口老龄化分布的明显分界线,胡焕庸线东南半壁县域老龄化程度高于西北半壁县域,且保持一定的稳定性;人口老龄化呈现东部季风区—西北干旱区—青藏高寒区梯度扩散的特征;局部看,人口老龄化呈现“均质化”“逆核心—边缘”“核心—边缘”等多样的空间结构特征。3)自然环境奠定人口老龄化分布的宏观格局,社会经济要素是老龄化进程的主要推动力,人口迁移对老龄化空间格局的重塑起重要作用。

民族人口分布新格局下民族事务治理的现代化路径

民族事务治理体系与治理能力现代化是新时代民族工作创新的重要方向,以往的民族工作重点聚焦民族地区与民族身份,但对少数民族人口流动与新型城镇化发展带来民族人口分布的结构性转变关注不足。通过分析第五至第七次全国人口普查数据,发现人口大流动模糊了以胡焕庸线为界的传统民族地区与非民族地区,各民族人口空间分布内聚性减弱、分散化程度提高,带来东南地区大城市民族事务治理突显与传统民族地区“两头”难兼顾的挑战。立足民族人口大流动、大融居的空间分布特点,需要不断深化推进多民族互嵌式发展格局,从国家战略和全局思维统筹落实铸牢中华民族共同体意识主线,推进民族工作社会化,发挥社会工作的专业功能,加强基层智慧治理能力建设,夯实新时代民族事务治理现代化的微观路径和基层基础,持续推进民族事务治理体系与治理能力现代化。

“美丽中国中脊带”西南段可持续发展路径研究

东西部发展失衡问题是长期以来制约中国社会经济发展的结构性与全局性问题。在国家生态文明建设与乡村振兴战略实施背景下,建设“美丽中国中脊带”作为缩小东西部发展不平衡的战略抓手具有重要的现实意义。“中脊带”西南段是我国西部大开发战略与“一带一路”倡议的重要发展区域,然而当地有限的自然与社会承载能力与政策所带来的经济红利之间的矛盾严重阻碍西南段的发展,因此亟需探索西南段的可持续发展路径。采用耦合协调度模型(CCDM)对2010—2019年“中脊带”西南段245个县的经济—社会—环境三系统协调发展情况、空间聚集特征进行了探讨。结果表明:“中脊带”西南段整体协调发展态势向好,然而区域发展不平衡现象十分突出。热点主要集中于以成渝城市群为核心的东北部,该地区三大子系统同步发展现象突出;冷点则主要分布在西南部少数民族聚居地区,区域内大多数县的经济与社会系统滞后于环境系统发展。此外,研究还发现不同的行政区划、生态本底、经济发展状况与协调发展水平的差异存在一定的联系。

我国电解铝企业布局的“胡焕庸线”

在“双碳”背景下,我国电解铝如何实现低碳发展和绿色转型是当前行业面临的巨大挑战。电解铝碳排放主要来于火电和铝生产过程的排放,能源结构调整和自身减排是实现电解铝碳排放目标的主要路径。本文以胡焕庸线在多领域、多行业的广泛应用成果,追寻我国清洁能源发展的布局,找出适合我国电解铝布局的“胡焕庸线”。以电解铝“胡焕庸线”为基础,电解铝行业通过产业结构调整、绿色低碳技术创新、碳交易等,进行产能转移和装备升级,实现行业碳减排和碳中和目标,走上绿电铝高质量发展之路,迎来行业的“风光无限”。

基于地域空间构建中国传统风景园林体系

地域空间是传统风景园林形成的第一要素,也是风景园林学关注的基本点。当下中国风景园林学的视野与实践早已超越以往园林史的论述范畴,因此有必要回归初始,参照地理学概念,结合史学新理论,重新诠释历史中的风景园林。事实与文献表明,中国传统风景园林存在着三大体系,即农耕传统体系、游牧传统体系与高寒传统体系。每个体系都有着各自的环境认知、营造手法与游览方式,以及大、中、小3个尺度的空间形态。蒙元之后三大体系交流日趋频繁,各有取舍兴衰。以三体系三尺度的结构进行梳理,可以更全面地认知中国风景园林本质,支持学科建设与实践工作。

基于小波和Hu矩的飑线雷达回波识别

针对飑线中心强度较强且连接成线这一雷达回波特征,利用数字图像处理技术中的小波变换模极大边缘检测方法和Hu矩理论方法完成识别,小波边缘检测方法提取的边缘信息丰富且定位精度较高,能很好地获得雷达回波边缘。Hu不变矩具有平移、旋转和尺度不变性,对形状的识别尤为有效。采用了两次飑线天气过程的雷达基数据进行试验,一次假设为模板,一次为匹配过程,最后以欧氏距离作为识别参量,结果表明该方法具有可行性和良好的识别性。

Change of Flood Patterns in China under the Influences of Climate Change and Human Activities

Based on the flood affected area （FA） data of the provinces in China from 1950 to 2005, the article discusses the change of the flood patterns in China, and investigates its relationship with climate change and human activities. The flood center shifted from North China and the Yangtze-Huaihe basin in the 1950s towards the south, north and west of China, and located in the south of the Yangtze River and South China after the 1990s. The FA in the western provinces was continuously on the rise since the 1950s. There are two characteristics for the future flood pattem in China. The pattern of ＂flood in the south and drought in the north＂ depends on the north-south shift of the maximum rainfall region in eastern China. The flood intensification to the west of Hu Huanyong＇s line mainly results from the increase of rainfall, extreme precipitation and the melting of glaciers under the background of human activity magnification.

海洋的作用能否突破“胡焕庸线”——兼论利用海洋元素发展“胡焕庸线”以西地区经济

我国是海陆兼备的国家,东部广大的海域成为我国海陆国土的组成部分,从而扩大了胡焕庸线东南的国土面积.论文从海洋、海洋国土、海洋经济的角度,讨论“胡焕庸线”的突破问题.由于胡焕庸线东南增加了300万km^(2)海洋国土面积,使得胡焕庸线两侧的国土面积大体相当.在线东南为646.6万km^(2),线西北为614.4万km^(2),从而使胡焕庸线东南一侧的人口平均密度大大降低,可以认为在人口分布上,海洋的作用对胡焕庸线的突破.然而由于海洋国土资源的开发,海洋经济发展,增加了胡焕庸线东南的经济总量,所增加的海洋经济总产值,远大于胡焕庸线以西五省区GDP的总和.我国海洋经济总产值占全国GDP约9.6%,而胡焕庸线以西五省区的GDP总值,仅占全国GDP的5.4%,海洋经济总产值高出胡焕庸线以西五省区GDP总值4.2个百分点.随着21世纪海上丝绸之路经济带的建设,这种差距还将可能发生变化.21世纪是开发海洋的世纪,海陆统筹是我国新时期的发展战略.为此,本文提出利用海洋元素建设西部海洋大通道,从而改变胡焕庸线以西地区经济面貌.

胡焕庸线四川段东西两侧城乡融合发展水平差异及影响因素研究

文章从空间融合、要素融合、产业融合、生态融合、富裕融合五个维度构建城乡融合指标体系,并测度胡焕庸线四川段东西两侧区域2014-2020年的城乡融合发展水平;采用Dagum基尼系数法测算胡焕庸线四川段东西两侧城乡融合发展水平相对差异程度,并在此基础上研究影响城乡融合发展的主要因素。研究发现,胡焕庸线四川段东西两侧城乡融合发展水平存在显著差异,分布规律与胡焕庸线所划分的经典分布规律之间具有一致性,即胡焕庸线东侧区域优于西侧区域;城乡产业结构优化程度、经济发展水平及金融发展对四川省及胡焕庸线东西两侧区域城乡融合发展均存在正向促进作用,城乡产业结构优化程度及经济发展水平对东侧区域的作用强度高于西侧区域,而金融发展对东侧区域的作用强度低于西侧区域;人力资本对四川省城乡融合发展及两大区域城乡融合发展均存在反向抑制作用。

2003—2016年中国PM_(2.5)质量浓度时空格局演变及影响因素解析

以中国286个主要地级市为研究区域,基于2003—2016年中国地级市大气PM_(2.5)质量浓度栅格数据及各地级市社会经济数据,运用空间自相关和空间面板杜宾模型,揭示了中国地级市PM_(2.5)质量浓度的时空格局与影响因素。研究显示:①中国PM_(2.5)污染在时序演化上呈“M”型波动态势,在空间分布上以胡焕庸线为界呈现出“东高西低”的集聚型格局;②中国地级市PM_(2.5)污染在空间效应上呈现出显著的正相关性,表明区域间大气污染存在交互影响;③人口密度与非农产业从业人员占比对PM_(2.5)质量浓度升高的贡献最大,而液化石油气供气总量与第三产业占GDP的比重对PM2.5有较为显著的负向消减作用。

学术胡焕庸线与互联网研究的地理本性

我国经济社会的发展深受胡焕庸线的影响,学术研究能否超越该地理线的束缚?以我国互联网研究为例,发现学术生产与传播亦存在空间层面的胡焕庸线现象,即东南部省份的互联网研究呈现绝对主导地位且更多被东南部学者所引用。进一步分析发现,新自由主义式的人才流动和互联网技术鸿沟这两个因素并不足以解释学术胡焕庸线的存在。如何更有力地引导学者选择西部地区作为初次就业地,规范人才流动政策,并在硬件条件、激励政策、人才培育等层面有实质性倾斜,成为至关重要的考虑因素。研究对理解人才流动、学术生产与传播对空间政治的建构与突破提供了个案式的借鉴。