Effect of Shenqi Compound Formula on PPARγ in White Adipose Tissue of Rats with Macrovascular Lesion in Early Stage of Diabetes

Objective:To investigate the effect of Shenqi Compound Formula (SCF) on peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in white adipose tissue of rats with macrovascular lesion in early stage of diabetes. Methods: Corresponding treatment was given to rats in model group, Ramipril group, normal control group, low dosage SCF group and high dosage SCF group respectively for 32 days. The expressions of PPARγ and adiponectin Messenger RNA (mRNA) were detected by real-time reverse transcriptase poly-merase chain reaction. Results: The expressions of PPARγ and adiponectin mRNA increased significantly in both low and high dosage SCF groups as compared with the model group, and a positive linear correlation was found between the expressions of PPARγ and adiponectin mRNA. Conclusions: SCF can prevent macrovascular lesion in early stage of diabetes, which is possibly related with up-regulating expressions of PPARγ and activating PPARγ.

Compound Formula Rehmannia alleviates levodopainduced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

Compound Formula Rehmannia has been shown to be clinically effective in treating Parkinson＇s disease and levodopa-induced dyskinesia; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we established a model of Parkinson＇s disease dyskinesia in rats, and treated these animals with Compound Formula Rehmannia. Compound Formula Rehmannia inhibited the increase in mRNA expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits 1 and 2 and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter genes, and it inhibited the reduction in expression of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor B1, an inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter gene, in the corpus striatum. In addition, Compound Formula Rehmannia alleviated dyskinesia symptoms in the Parkinson＇s disease rats. These experimental findings indicate that Compound Formula Rehmannia alleviates levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson＇s disease by modulating neurotransmitter signaling in the corpus striatum.

Effects of compound rehmannia formula on dopamine transporter content in the corpus striatum of Parkinson's disease rats treated with levodopa

Long-term application of levodopa （L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-DOPA） for Parkinson＇s disease can lead to adverse effects and reduce the amount of dopamine transporter （DAT） in the corpus striatum. The present study attempted to vedfy whether increasing the amount of DAT can reduce the adverse effects of L-DOPA. The specific radioactive uptake value of DAT in the corpus striatum of the lesioned hemisphere was significantly decreased, but was significantly increased following administration of compound rehmannia formula [Radix rehmanniae preparata （prepared rehmannia root）, Concha margantifera usta （nacre）, Radix paeoniae alba （white peony alba）, Radix salviae miltiotThizae （Danshen root）, Scorpio （scorpion）, green tea] for 4 weeks. The changes in DAT 1251-beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-（4-iodophenyl） tropane autoradiography were consistent with those in radioactivity. The results revealed that the compound rehmannia formula can reduce the adverse effects of L-DOPA in treating Parkinson＇s disease, possibly by increasing the amount of DAT.

Network pharmacology-based analysis on bioactive compounds and mechanisms in Yiqifumai formula in the treatment of heart failure

Objective To predict the main bioactive components and potential mechanisms of Yiqifumai formula on heart failure by network pharmacology.Methods The bioactive compounds of Yiqifumai formula were screened by TCMSP database.The target genes of heart failure were obtained by entering PharmMapper and GeneCards database.R 3.6.3 was used to intercept intersection network for candidate targets.The network of“drug-compound-target-disease”was established via Cytoscape 3.7.2 and STRING platform.The DAVID database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway based on the candidate targets.Results Eleven key compounds(such as Schizandrin C,Gomisin G,ginsenoside rh2,Ruscogenin etc.,),426 non-repeated targets and 382 heart failure targets were obtained from Yiqifumai formula.There were 565 GO items(P<0.05),among which 412 were biological process(BP)items,63 were cell components(CC)items,and 93 were molecular function(MF)items.One hundred and seventeen signal pathways were enriched by KEGG pathway(P<0.05).Conclusion The bioactive compounds in Yiqifumai formula can play the“multi-target”role of enhancing resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors via regulation of angiogenesis and immune in the treatment of heart failure.

Predictive model for stage-discharge curve in compound channels with vegetated floodplains

The governing equation of the discharge per unit width, derived from the flow continuity equation and the momentum equation in the vegetated compound chan- nel, is established. The analytical solution to the discharge per unit width is presented, including the effects of bed friction, lateral momentum transfer, drag force, and secondary flows. A simple＇ but available numerical integral method, i.e., the compound trapezoidM formula, is used to calculate the approximate solutions of the sub-area discharge and the total discharge. A comparison with the published experimental data from the U. K. Flood Channel Facility （UK-FCF） demonstrates that this model is capable of predicting not only the stage-discharge curve but also the sub-area discharge in the vegetated com- pound channel. The effects of the two crucial parameters, i.e., the divided number of the integral interval and the secondary flow coefficient, on the total discharge are discussed and analyzed.

Balanced solubility product and enthalpies of formation of Nb compounds in 0.09 % oriented silicon steel

Balance solubility products and enthalpy of for- mation for NbC0.75, NbC0.85, NbC0.88, NbC and NbN in oriented silicon steels were calculated and compared quali- tatively. Meanwhile, the mixing enthalpies of these five Nb compounds were calculated based on Miedema Model. The results show that the solubility products of Nb compounds in ferrite and austenite meet the following relationship, NbC0.75 〉 NbC0.85 〉 NbC0.88 〉 NbC 〉 NbN and NbN has the minimum enthalpy of formation. It indicates that NbN easily precipitate out, but it is more difficult for NbC0.75.

基于ROB和CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017的中药复方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎随机对照试验质量评价

目的评价中药复方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎随机对照试验(RCT)的偏倚风险和报告质量。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(万方数据)、中文科技期刊数据库(维普网)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science建库至2021年12月24日的中药复方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎RCT文献,基于The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias(ROB)和CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017分别评价纳入文献的偏倚风险和报告质量。进行单因素分析以确定CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017的发布与报告质量的相关性。结果最终纳入文献215篇。ROB评价结果显示,大多数纳入文献各方面偏倚存在不确定风险。CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017评价结果显示,19项条目的报告率达到60%,18项条目的报告率低于10%,一些重要条目的报告率较低。CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017的发布对总体报告质量的提升无显著影响。结论中药复方治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎RCT的质量普遍较低,建议研究者学习RCT的方法学及其报告规范,以提高临床研究质量。

Joint and supremum distributions in the compound binomial model with Markovian environment

In this paper, we study the compound binomial model in Markovian environment, which is proposed by Cossette, et al. （2003）. We obtain the recursive formula of the joint distributions of T, X（T - 1） and ｜X（T）｜（i.e., the time of ruin, the surplus before ruin and the deficit at ruin） by the method of mass function of up-crossing zero points, as given by Liu and Zhao （2007）. By using the same method, the recursive formula of supremum distribution is obtained. An example is included to illustrate the results of the model.

Research progress of compound Baiyu powder in treatment of chronic refractory wounds

Chronic refractory w ounds are common and frequently-seen diseases in surgery.Due to their long course of disease and complex pathogeneses,chronic refractory w ounds arouse high attention in clinic.With the preliminary results of clinical research of their pathogeneses and new treatments achieved,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),w ith its unique concept,breaks the limitation commonly existing in the methods of w estern medicine,especially obtaining certain achievements in chronic refractory w ounds.This paper review ed the therapeutic effects of compound Baiyu pow der in the treatment of chronic refractory w ounds to prove to be effective,convenient to use and save medical costs.

废弃葡萄枝条复配基质栽培果类蔬菜配方筛选

【目的】通过对葡萄枝条堆肥化处理形成复配基质并栽培果类蔬菜,筛选出适合果菜生长发育的最佳基质配方,为废弃葡萄枝条循环利用提供理论依据。【方法】比较发酵后的葡萄枝条、草炭和珍珠岩3者体积比为20∶50∶30(T_(1))、30∶40∶30(T_(2))、40∶30∶30(T_(3))、50∶20∶30(T_(4))和商品基质(CK)的理化性质,测定在不同基质配比下种植3种果菜(黄瓜、茄子、番茄)的生长特性和品质指标,并对各指标进行相关性分析。【结果】不同基质理化性质均在果菜生长发育的适宜范围。与CK相比,黄瓜和茄子的T_(3)产投比差值为0.64和0.38;番茄的T_(4)产投比差值为3.02。典型晴天T_(3)和CK的基质温度日较差分别为6.01℃和5.75℃;典型阴天T_(4)基质平均温度较CK高1.17℃。3种果菜的生长及品质指标与基质特性相关性达到显著或极显著水平,其中黄瓜的生长及品质指标与基质全磷含量相关性最高,茄子与基质电导率(EC)值相关性最高,番茄与基质速效氮相关性最高。【结论】黄瓜和茄子在T_(3)处理下生长发育较好,番茄在T_(4)处理下生长发育较好。T_(3)和T_(4)处理的复配基质可作为废弃葡萄枝条栽培化的推荐配方,为葡萄园废弃物再利用提供新途径。

低GI复合苦荞面条的研制

采用单因素试验和响应面优化试验对复合苦荞面条配方进行优化,以感官评价为指标。研究荞麦粉、谷朊粉、猪血粉、黄原胶和水添加量对复合苦荞面感官评分的影响,并测定其血糖生成指数值(Glycemic index,GI)。结果表明,以1 kg高筋小麦粉为基准,黄原胶、水、猪血粉、谷朊粉、荞麦粉添加量分别为1%,38%,7.5%,5%,30%时,复合苦荞面条感官品质最佳,血糖生成指数GI值为45.4±3.8。在此条件下研制的复合苦荞面条感官风味俱佳、营养价值丰富,属于低GI食物,可为低糖食品需求者选择食物提供参考。

恰玛古枸杞复合饮料的研发及配方优化

采用恰玛古、枸杞、浓缩苹果汁为原料,白砂糖、柠檬酸为辅料,并加入黄原胶等稳定剂,研发一款恰玛古枸杞复合饮料。以感官品质评价为指标,通过单因素实验与正交试验对原辅料配比进行优化,在此基础上,再以沉淀率为指标,确定不同稳定剂添加量。最终由实验结果得出最优配方为:恰玛古原汁添加量12%,枸杞原汁添加量24%,浓缩苹果汁添加量0.6%,白砂糖添加量5%,柠檬酸添加量0.18%,羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)添加量0.04%,黄原胶添加量0.03%,β-环状糊精(β-CD)添加量0.03%。此配方制得的恰玛古枸杞复合饮料感官品质最佳,口感爽滑,糖酸协调,风味独特,状态稳定。

低糖马齿苋紫薯酱加工工艺优化及其产品品质评价

为了满足消费者对口味多样化、健康饮食的需求,开发一种低糖、零防腐剂的新型复合果酱的科学配方和先进制造方法。以富含人体健康功能因子的马齿苋和紫薯为主要原料,通过单因素实验和正交试验优化了马齿苋紫薯酱的配方,并对最终产品及其贮藏期间的营养物质、理化和卫生指标进行了测定。结果表明,低糖马齿苋紫薯酱的最佳配方为:马齿苋茎叶汁紫薯块根浆质量比为5:5,柠檬酸添加量为0.3%,山梨糖醇添加量为25%,增稠剂添加量为0.4%。按此配方制得的马齿苋紫薯酱色泽呈紫红色,酱体均匀,口感细腻,酸甜适中,具有马齿苋和紫薯特有的香味,感官评分为90.5±0.4分。最终产品的可溶性固形物为42.32%±1.43%,总糖为13.41±0.52 g/100 g,pH3.61±0.18,粗蛋白为0.83±0.08 g/100 g,VC为3.77±0.11 mg/100 g,黄酮为4.18±0.10 mg/g,多酚为2.05±0.13 mg/g,花青素为37.27±0.84 mg/100 g,以上理化指标及卫生指标均达到果酱类的国家标准。马齿苋紫薯酱对DPPH自由基的IC50值为7.071 mg/mL,表明该酱具有一定的抗氧化活性。马齿苋紫薯酱分别在25℃和37℃条件下贮藏1个月后,感官评分及各营养成分均有一定程度下降,菌落总数有所增加,但仍符合果酱国家标准。本项研究结果可为马齿苋和紫薯的精深加工及马齿苋紫薯酱的标准化生产提供参考依据。

中药调节肠道菌群缓解药物性肝损伤的研究进展

药物性肝损伤是由化学药物、膳食补充剂和草药产品等引起的肝脏损伤疾病,其极易发展为肝衰竭,且在其发生发展的同时常伴随肠道菌群的变化。中药多成分、多靶点的治疗特点可以通过调节肠道菌群、改善肠道屏障、降低炎症因子水平等减轻药物性肝损伤。对中药干预肠道菌群缓解药物性肝损伤的作用进行总结,以期对中药治疗药物性肝损伤的机制研究提供参考。

中药复方基于Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控糖尿病肾病研究进展

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症之一,也是造成终末期肾病的主要原因。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路与糖尿病肾病肾小管间质纤维化密切相关,主要通过足细胞、肾小球系膜细胞、肾小管上皮细胞等来改善糖尿病肾病。中药复方基于调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路来改善肾脏病变及纤维化,保护肾脏功能,进而延缓病程进展,在治疗中发挥激活自噬、减少炎症反应及减弱氧化应激等作用。目前,关于中药复方基于Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的研究仍存在以下不足之处:(1)在中药复方的研究中,能够得出中药复方可通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路发挥作用,但由于中药复方成份复杂多样,大多数仅仅发现相关性,而没有分析其具体的活性成分;(2)Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的相关研究并未深入探索该信号通路在肾纤维化中的作用机制;(3)目前关于中医药的大部分实验为动物体内实验,缺乏体外细胞的相关实验探究。今后,需加强对中药复方活性成分的研究,并开展更多的体外细胞实验,进行深层次的作用机制及靶点研究。

中药防治乙型病毒性肝炎作用机制研究进展

乙型病毒性肝炎(HBV)是全球最主要的公共卫生问题之一,目前临床上通常以抗病毒药物治疗为主。近年来,中药制剂在治疗HBV上疗效显著,特别是在联合抗病毒药物共同治疗时能够有效增强相关药物的药效,降低不良反应,大大提高疾病的治愈率。本文从抑制病毒复制、调节免疫、保肝降酶及抗纤维化等方面对中药复方及中药活性成分的作用机制最新研究进行综述,以期在HBV的防治中发挥中医药的优势,为HBV及其并发症相关临床治疗药物的开发提供方向,为中药联合西药共同治疗HBV提供参考和理论依据。

中药及间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症的作用机制

背景:肌萎缩侧索硬化为一种进行性神经退行性疾病,常导致大脑和脊髓神经元死亡。肌萎缩侧索硬化发病机制极为复杂,难治率、死亡率高且目前其治疗药物仅有2种,因此开发新治疗方法以改善患者预后迫在眉睫。目的:综述中药及间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化的作用机制。方法:以“traditional Chinese medicine,mesenchymal stem cells,ALS,immune response”为英文检索词,以“中药,间充质干细胞,肌萎缩侧索硬化,免疫反应”为中文检索词,检索万方、中国知网、PubMed及Web of Science数据库2010-2023年的相关文献,最终纳入69篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①中药调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化可总结为5个机制:主要包括冰片和黄芪甲苷等中药促进闭锁小带蛋白1、闭合蛋白5表达重建血液中枢神经系统屏障完整性;复方扶芳藤合剂调节自然杀伤细胞表面受体分子抑制其自身毒性;半枝莲和广藿香等作用补体系统因子抑制其异常激活;雷公藤和钩藤等介导细胞外信号调节激酶1/2衰减诱导型一氧化氮合酶产生而抑制小胶质细胞活化;左归丸、栝蒌根等促进白细胞介素10表达调控T细胞改善免疫环境。②通过现有研究总结了间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化可总结为5个机制:减少水通道蛋白4表达和降低内皮型一氧化氮合酶信号传导等方面修复免疫屏障完整性;释放吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶和前列腺素E2等因子抗自然杀伤细胞毒性;分泌因子H干扰转化酶活性抑制补体系统异常激活;调控CX3CL1/CX3CR1系统轴或分泌转化生长因子β等途径改变小胶质细胞表型抑制其活性;增加白细胞介素10表达或激活STATS磷酸化通路来恢复T细胞功能。③目前中药联合间充质干细胞治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化研究较少,已知的相关研究报道显示,肌萎灵注射液可促进干细胞增殖分化以及补阳还五汤联合骨髓间充质干细胞显著提高血脑屏障完整性,未来还需进一步探讨两者对难治性肌萎缩侧索硬化的协同治疗效果。

中药复方调控氧化应激防治骨关节炎研究进展

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)是常见的退行性关节疾病,发病率逐年攀升,治疗常以非甾体抗炎药为主,长期使用易造成胃肠损伤,出现病情反复的现象。中药复方在OA的临床诊疗中历史悠久,应用广泛,副作用少,具有独特优势。软骨细胞及骨组织的受损与氧化应激反应联系密切,中药复方经过多信号、多途径共同发挥作用,调控常见OA证型中机体的抗氧化能力,减轻软骨细胞凋亡与骨组织退化现象,延缓OA进程。本文总结了中药复方调控氧化应激防治OA常见证型气滞血瘀证、寒湿痹阻证和肝肾亏虚证的相关研究文献进行综述,为防治OA提供了新的思路与方向。

中医药对慢性疼痛-抑郁共病的作用机制研究进展

慢性疼痛是指持续或反复发作时间超过3个月的疼痛,与抑郁、焦虑等情绪具有高共病率。慢性疼痛-抑郁共病的发病机制错综复杂,给临床诊疗带来极大困扰。本文综述了近年中药单体和复方以及针刺疗法对慢性疼痛-抑郁共病作用机制的研究进展,发现中药单体(黄酮类、酚类、萜类、香豆素类、生物碱类化合物)、中药复方(乌头汤、柴胡桂枝汤等)及针刺疗法(针刺“百会”“印堂”“合谷”“太冲”等穴位)可以通过调节中枢神经系统中神经递质、脑源性神经营养因子、炎症因子的水平以及神经胶质细胞的活性,有效改善慢性疼痛-抑郁共病。

基于模糊数学综合评判优化酸枣仁复合饮料配方

以酸枣仁、茯苓、薏苡仁、百合和大枣为主要原料,通过模糊数学及正交试验等方法优化酸枣仁复合饮料配方。结果表明,酸枣仁复合饮料的最优配方为:复合澄清汁添加量35%(质量分数,下同),蜂蜜添加量2.4%,柠檬酸添加量0.1%,蔗糖添加量6%,柠檬酸钾添加量0.4%;最佳稳定剂组合为:羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)添加量0.20%,黄原胶添加量0.01%,果胶添加量0.15%。该配方下制得的复合饮料色泽纯正,呈浅黄色,酸甜适宜,状态稳定,富有独特的枣香气。