For the past 20 years the modern hu- man origins debate has received a significant amount of attention in paleoanthropological research. Primar- ily supported by the evidence of earlier dates of anatomically modern hu...For the past 20 years the modern hu- man origins debate has received a significant amount of attention in paleoanthropological research. Primar- ily supported by the evidence of earlier dates of anatomically modern human fossils and genetic studies, the “Out of Africa” hypothesis is based on the belief that the ancestor of all modern humans, in- cluding modern Chinese, came from Africa. The op- posite hypothesis “Mutiregional evolution” proposes that continuous evolution occurred on a regional scale, for which human paleontology offers strong support. However, due to the paucity of hominid fos- sils in China between 100 and 50 ka, support to the latter hypothesis is currently weak. This is a report here of five human fossil teeth, and associated stone tools and mammal fossils from a newly discovered cave site, Huanglong Cave, located in Yunxi County, Hubei Province, China. Preliminary studies indicate: (1) the morphological features of the human fossils resemble those of late Pleistocene human fossils from China; (2) the stone tools display patterns of both the southern and northern Paleolithic cultures of China; (3) the mammal fossils represent the “Ailuro- poda-Stegodon” faunal unit which lived in southern China throughout the Pleistocene. ESR and U-series dating on animal teeth and a stalagmite derived from the same layer as the human teeth indicate two possible ages: 103±1.6 ka and 44±12.5 ka. In addi- tion to other evidence presented here, it is believed that hominid occupation of the cave was likely around 100 ka. If this age is further substantiated, Huanglong Cave will be the first late Pleistocene hominid fossilsite in China where anatomically modern humans lived about 100 ka. The human fossils and other re- lated materials from Huanglong Cave will provide important information for research on the origin of modern Chinese.展开更多
In this paper, I seek to develop a framework within which to investigate the place of religious traditions in modem, global society. Economic and political modemity--globalization, the nation-state, and the developmen...In this paper, I seek to develop a framework within which to investigate the place of religious traditions in modem, global society. Economic and political modemity--globalization, the nation-state, and the development of global networks and organizations--establish widely-shared frames in which religions have been transformed. In particular, the development of global capitalism has provided unprecedented financial means and technologies of communication to religious leaders. I propose that local religious culture must be considered in light of these new organizational forms, networks, and practices. I take as my starting point a single location in China, the Daoist temple complex at Wudang Mountain, and the associated practices and activities of the Wudang Daoists. I consider how Wudang Daoism fits into four projects and two fields of practice. The four projects are cosmopolitan, civilizational, national and religious; the fields of practice are regional and diasporic.展开更多
Modern Chinese literature witnessed the popularity of Sichuan writers like Li Jieren and Sha Ting,who were well known for their distinctive regional characters and the experiences portrayed in their works,telling unad...Modern Chinese literature witnessed the popularity of Sichuan writers like Li Jieren and Sha Ting,who were well known for their distinctive regional characters and the experiences portrayed in their works,telling unadulterated“Sichuan Stories”and depicting lives in the context of Ba-Shu culture.People even consider their works to be the modern“Chronicles of Huayang(Huayang Guo Zhi)in modern time.”However,when we look at Ba Jin,his works are not like typical Sichuan writers(such as Guo Moruo,Li Jieren,Sha Ting,and Ai Wu).He did not pay much attention to depicting the customs and lives in Sichuan,and we can seldom find the flavor of Ba-Shu culture in his works.When editing Chinese Literature and Regional Culture in the 20th Century in 1995,Yan Jiayan so commented,“To study Sichuan literature Ba-Shu culture,it is not appropriate to pick Ba Jin(though he was a great writer with great contributions)”(Li,1997).As it were,the relationship between Ba Jin and the Ba-Shu culture is delicate.Ba Jin showed his distinctive choices and pursuit in this relationship.By studying the“regionalism”and“non-regionalism”of Ba Jin’s works,we can better understand Ba Jin and his writing.It is also enlightening for us to review the future development of Ba-Shu culture.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 40472106 , 40572104） the Major Basic Research Projects of Ministry of Science and Technology of China （Grant No. 2006CB806400）.
文摘For the past 20 years the modern hu- man origins debate has received a significant amount of attention in paleoanthropological research. Primar- ily supported by the evidence of earlier dates of anatomically modern human fossils and genetic studies, the “Out of Africa” hypothesis is based on the belief that the ancestor of all modern humans, in- cluding modern Chinese, came from Africa. The op- posite hypothesis “Mutiregional evolution” proposes that continuous evolution occurred on a regional scale, for which human paleontology offers strong support. However, due to the paucity of hominid fos- sils in China between 100 and 50 ka, support to the latter hypothesis is currently weak. This is a report here of five human fossil teeth, and associated stone tools and mammal fossils from a newly discovered cave site, Huanglong Cave, located in Yunxi County, Hubei Province, China. Preliminary studies indicate: (1) the morphological features of the human fossils resemble those of late Pleistocene human fossils from China; (2) the stone tools display patterns of both the southern and northern Paleolithic cultures of China; (3) the mammal fossils represent the “Ailuro- poda-Stegodon” faunal unit which lived in southern China throughout the Pleistocene. ESR and U-series dating on animal teeth and a stalagmite derived from the same layer as the human teeth indicate two possible ages: 103±1.6 ka and 44±12.5 ka. In addi- tion to other evidence presented here, it is believed that hominid occupation of the cave was likely around 100 ka. If this age is further substantiated, Huanglong Cave will be the first late Pleistocene hominid fossilsite in China where anatomically modern humans lived about 100 ka. The human fossils and other re- lated materials from Huanglong Cave will provide important information for research on the origin of modern Chinese.
文摘In this paper, I seek to develop a framework within which to investigate the place of religious traditions in modem, global society. Economic and political modemity--globalization, the nation-state, and the development of global networks and organizations--establish widely-shared frames in which religions have been transformed. In particular, the development of global capitalism has provided unprecedented financial means and technologies of communication to religious leaders. I propose that local religious culture must be considered in light of these new organizational forms, networks, and practices. I take as my starting point a single location in China, the Daoist temple complex at Wudang Mountain, and the associated practices and activities of the Wudang Daoists. I consider how Wudang Daoism fits into four projects and two fields of practice. The four projects are cosmopolitan, civilizational, national and religious; the fields of practice are regional and diasporic.
文摘Modern Chinese literature witnessed the popularity of Sichuan writers like Li Jieren and Sha Ting,who were well known for their distinctive regional characters and the experiences portrayed in their works,telling unadulterated“Sichuan Stories”and depicting lives in the context of Ba-Shu culture.People even consider their works to be the modern“Chronicles of Huayang(Huayang Guo Zhi)in modern time.”However,when we look at Ba Jin,his works are not like typical Sichuan writers(such as Guo Moruo,Li Jieren,Sha Ting,and Ai Wu).He did not pay much attention to depicting the customs and lives in Sichuan,and we can seldom find the flavor of Ba-Shu culture in his works.When editing Chinese Literature and Regional Culture in the 20th Century in 1995,Yan Jiayan so commented,“To study Sichuan literature Ba-Shu culture,it is not appropriate to pick Ba Jin(though he was a great writer with great contributions)”(Li,1997).As it were,the relationship between Ba Jin and the Ba-Shu culture is delicate.Ba Jin showed his distinctive choices and pursuit in this relationship.By studying the“regionalism”and“non-regionalism”of Ba Jin’s works,we can better understand Ba Jin and his writing.It is also enlightening for us to review the future development of Ba-Shu culture.
