Introduction Jujuba is the fruit of Zizyphus genus(Rhamnaceae) which has been used as a crude drug. Now quite a lot of botanists, chemists and pharmacologists at home and abroad have been deeply interested in the stud...Introduction Jujuba is the fruit of Zizyphus genus(Rhamnaceae) which has been used as a crude drug. Now quite a lot of botanists, chemists and pharmacologists at home and abroad have been deeply interested in the studies on it. Besides the studies on its fruit, a great deal of research work on its other parts has been done So far more展开更多
Chinese jujube is delicious and nourishing fruit.However,fresh Chinese jujube is liable to rot and drying is a necessary process.Traditional drying is a time-consuming task due to the thick cuticle of Chinese jujube.T...Chinese jujube is delicious and nourishing fruit.However,fresh Chinese jujube is liable to rot and drying is a necessary process.Traditional drying is a time-consuming task due to the thick cuticle of Chinese jujube.To improve its drying efficiency,fresh Chinese jujube was pretreated with nine different methods prior to hot-air drying.Among these methods,dipping in 2%ethyl oleate plus 5%K_(2)CO_(3) for 10 min(alkaline emulsion of ethyl oleate,AEEO)was recommended for its time-saving effect,which was found more significant at lower drying temperatures.The beneficial effect was considered based on its cuticle destruction by AEEO pre-treatment.In the meantime,the drying process was divided into three stages;each of them obeyed the first order reaction kinetics.Activation energies for the first,second and third stages of control over jujube drying were 41.45 kJ/mol,35.24 kJ/mol and 49.52 kJ/mol,and reduced by 20.9%,22.1%and 29.0%,respectively,after AEEO pre-treatment,and the drying process was well predicted by Midilli et al.model.In view of browning during drying at higher temperatures,AEEO pretreated jujube was suggested to be dried at 60°C.This finding was considered to be helpful to the industrial drying of Chinese jujube.展开更多
目的对“远志-酸枣仁”中潜在作用于钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ,CaMKⅡ)靶点的活性物质进行筛选,阐明其药效物质基础。方法采用以药效团为基础的虚拟筛选手段,通过收集已出版文献中报...目的对“远志-酸枣仁”中潜在作用于钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ,CaMKⅡ)靶点的活性物质进行筛选,阐明其药效物质基础。方法采用以药效团为基础的虚拟筛选手段,通过收集已出版文献中报道的具有调控CaMKⅡ作用的化合物信息,建立基于CaMKⅡ配体的HipHop药效团模型,收集文献中报道的“远志-酸枣仁”中的成分并建立化合物库,对“远志-酸枣仁”中的成分与药效团进行匹配,随后使用分子模拟对接手段对匹配到的小分子化合物与CaMKⅡ靶点(PDB ID:2V7O)进行对接,研究潜在活性单体与CaMKⅡ的作用。用戊四唑(pentylenetetrazol,PTZ)点燃模型对活性单体细叶远志苷A(39)的抗癫痫作用进行测定,并对CaMKⅡ水平的调控作用进行评价。结论通过文献检索建立包含“远志-酸枣仁”中109种化学成分的化合物库,通过测试集验证确定将药效团03用于对“远志-酸枣仁”化合物库的虚拟筛选,对匹配度排前6位的单体通过分子模拟对接分析其与CaMKⅡ的作用情况,并用抗癫痫动物模型对单体的活性进行评价,化合物39能够在中高剂量下延长PTZ致癫痫发作的潜伏时间,改善PTZ所致的焦虑抑郁样行为,改善PTZ诱导的癫痫发作后脑内尼氏体丢失,提升PTZ所致的CaMKⅡ表达水平降低,提升海马CA1、CA3区及颞叶皮层内CaMKⅡ免疫阳性细胞数量并进一步对nAChR4受体水平进行调控。表明基于虚拟筛选与活性评价手段探讨“远志-酸枣仁”中CaMKⅡ调控作用的成分具有一定的准确性。展开更多
建立了木枣无菌试管苗快繁体系,以无菌苗叶片为外植体,对影响离体叶片不定芽直接再生的因素进行了研究.试验结果表明,TDZ比BA能更有效地诱导叶片不定芽的再生;褐化是抑制不定芽再生频率提高的关键因子,培养基中添加PVP、V c及改变生长...建立了木枣无菌试管苗快繁体系,以无菌苗叶片为外植体,对影响离体叶片不定芽直接再生的因素进行了研究.试验结果表明,TDZ比BA能更有效地诱导叶片不定芽的再生;褐化是抑制不定芽再生频率提高的关键因子,培养基中添加PVP、V c及改变生长素的种类和浓度均不能促进不定芽再生;添加A gNO3能够减轻褐化并可以大幅度提高再生频率,同时培养初期经过3周避光培养更有利于提高再生效率.因此,以附加2.0 m g/L TDZ和0.2 m g/L IBA的M S培养基,并添加5.0 m g/L A gNO3,可以高效诱导木枣离体叶片不定芽再生,再生频率最高达98.3%.不定芽在附加0.2 m g/L IBA和0.5 m g/L GA3的M S培养基上进行继代伸长培养,当不定芽长至3 cm时,转接至附加0.4 m g/L IBA的1/2 M S培养基上可以良好地诱导生根.展开更多
文摘Introduction Jujuba is the fruit of Zizyphus genus(Rhamnaceae) which has been used as a crude drug. Now quite a lot of botanists, chemists and pharmacologists at home and abroad have been deeply interested in the studies on it. Besides the studies on its fruit, a great deal of research work on its other parts has been done So far more
基金This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81072984).
文摘Chinese jujube is delicious and nourishing fruit.However,fresh Chinese jujube is liable to rot and drying is a necessary process.Traditional drying is a time-consuming task due to the thick cuticle of Chinese jujube.To improve its drying efficiency,fresh Chinese jujube was pretreated with nine different methods prior to hot-air drying.Among these methods,dipping in 2%ethyl oleate plus 5%K_(2)CO_(3) for 10 min(alkaline emulsion of ethyl oleate,AEEO)was recommended for its time-saving effect,which was found more significant at lower drying temperatures.The beneficial effect was considered based on its cuticle destruction by AEEO pre-treatment.In the meantime,the drying process was divided into three stages;each of them obeyed the first order reaction kinetics.Activation energies for the first,second and third stages of control over jujube drying were 41.45 kJ/mol,35.24 kJ/mol and 49.52 kJ/mol,and reduced by 20.9%,22.1%and 29.0%,respectively,after AEEO pre-treatment,and the drying process was well predicted by Midilli et al.model.In view of browning during drying at higher temperatures,AEEO pretreated jujube was suggested to be dried at 60°C.This finding was considered to be helpful to the industrial drying of Chinese jujube.
文摘目的对“远志-酸枣仁”中潜在作用于钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ,CaMKⅡ)靶点的活性物质进行筛选,阐明其药效物质基础。方法采用以药效团为基础的虚拟筛选手段,通过收集已出版文献中报道的具有调控CaMKⅡ作用的化合物信息,建立基于CaMKⅡ配体的HipHop药效团模型,收集文献中报道的“远志-酸枣仁”中的成分并建立化合物库,对“远志-酸枣仁”中的成分与药效团进行匹配,随后使用分子模拟对接手段对匹配到的小分子化合物与CaMKⅡ靶点(PDB ID:2V7O)进行对接,研究潜在活性单体与CaMKⅡ的作用。用戊四唑(pentylenetetrazol,PTZ)点燃模型对活性单体细叶远志苷A(39)的抗癫痫作用进行测定,并对CaMKⅡ水平的调控作用进行评价。结论通过文献检索建立包含“远志-酸枣仁”中109种化学成分的化合物库,通过测试集验证确定将药效团03用于对“远志-酸枣仁”化合物库的虚拟筛选,对匹配度排前6位的单体通过分子模拟对接分析其与CaMKⅡ的作用情况,并用抗癫痫动物模型对单体的活性进行评价,化合物39能够在中高剂量下延长PTZ致癫痫发作的潜伏时间,改善PTZ所致的焦虑抑郁样行为,改善PTZ诱导的癫痫发作后脑内尼氏体丢失,提升PTZ所致的CaMKⅡ表达水平降低,提升海马CA1、CA3区及颞叶皮层内CaMKⅡ免疫阳性细胞数量并进一步对nAChR4受体水平进行调控。表明基于虚拟筛选与活性评价手段探讨“远志-酸枣仁”中CaMKⅡ调控作用的成分具有一定的准确性。
文摘建立了木枣无菌试管苗快繁体系,以无菌苗叶片为外植体,对影响离体叶片不定芽直接再生的因素进行了研究.试验结果表明,TDZ比BA能更有效地诱导叶片不定芽的再生;褐化是抑制不定芽再生频率提高的关键因子,培养基中添加PVP、V c及改变生长素的种类和浓度均不能促进不定芽再生;添加A gNO3能够减轻褐化并可以大幅度提高再生频率,同时培养初期经过3周避光培养更有利于提高再生效率.因此,以附加2.0 m g/L TDZ和0.2 m g/L IBA的M S培养基,并添加5.0 m g/L A gNO3,可以高效诱导木枣离体叶片不定芽再生,再生频率最高达98.3%.不定芽在附加0.2 m g/L IBA和0.5 m g/L GA3的M S培养基上进行继代伸长培养,当不定芽长至3 cm时,转接至附加0.4 m g/L IBA的1/2 M S培养基上可以良好地诱导生根.
