AIM: To investigate the effect of human leukocyte antigen(HLA) DRB1 and DQB1 alleles on the inactive and advanced stages of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: Patient records at a single institution's hepatology clinic ...AIM: To investigate the effect of human leukocyte antigen(HLA) DRB1 and DQB1 alleles on the inactive and advanced stages of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: Patient records at a single institution's hepatology clinic were reviewed. Demographic data, laboratory results, endoscopy results, virological parameters, biopsy scores and treatment statuses were recorded. In total, 355 patients were eligible for thestudy, of whom 226(63.7%) were male. Overall, 82(23.1%) were hepatitis B early antigen(HBeAg) positive, 87(24.5%) had cirrhosis, and 66(18.6%) had inactive disease. The presence of DQB1 and DRB1 alleles was determined by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The distribution of the genotyped alleles among patients with cirrhosis and patients with chronic active hepatitis was analyzed.RESULTS: The most frequent HLA DQB1 allele was DQB1*03:01(48.2%), and the most frequent HLA DRB1 allele was DRB1*13/14(51.8%). DQB1*05:01 was more frequent in patients with active disease than in inactive patients(27% vs 9.1%; P = 0.002, Pc = 0.026). DRB1*07 was rare in patients with cirrhosis compared with non-cirrhotics(3.4% vs 16%; P = 0.002, Pc = 0.022). Older age(P < 0.001) and male gender(P = 0.008) were the other factors that affected the presence of cirrhosis. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, DRB1*07 remained a significant negative predictor of cirrhosis(P = 0.015). A bioinformatics analysis revealed that a polymorphic amino acid sequence in DRB1*07 may alter interaction with the T-cell recognition site.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that HLA alleles may influence cirrhosis development and disease activity in Turkish chronic hepatitis B patients.展开更多
A pitch detector for application in query by humming (QBH) is implemented in this paper. This algorithm is made up of two parts: note segmentation and pitch detection. In the first part, voiced/silence decision is mad...A pitch detector for application in query by humming (QBH) is implemented in this paper. This algorithm is made up of two parts: note segmentation and pitch detection. In the first part, voiced/silence decision is made on each segment of the input signal by a pattern recognition approach, and further, the preparatory note borders are obtained; then, via analysis of the instantaneous energy contour, the adjacent notes that adhere to each other are separated. In the second part, pitch is estimated for all frames contained in a note's duration by an autocorrelation method and the mean of these pitch values is taken as the average pitch of this note. Moreover, in order to remove the effect of formant structure, a nonlinear preprocessing is adopted in the pitch detection part and the autocorrelation function is properly weighted before peak picking. Finally, hummings of several experimenters with different voice characters are recorded to test this pitch detector, whose efficiency and reliability are proved by the results.展开更多
The Hum is a widespread phenomenon, reported in many parts of the world. It manifests itself in the form of a hum, rumble and pulsing, often felt as a sensation more than an audible sound. Starting in 2011, residents ...The Hum is a widespread phenomenon, reported in many parts of the world. It manifests itself in the form of a hum, rumble and pulsing, often felt as a sensation more than an audible sound. Starting in 2011, residents of Windsor, Ontario, Canada started reporting intermittent low frequency sound, widely referred to as the Hum(and dubbed the Windsor Hum). This report outlines the deployment of a short term geophysical field survey, performed during 2013 in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, aimed at monitoring the airwave signals associated with the Windsor Hum. The summary of the low frequency sound array deployment is presented and discussed.展开更多
Marx’s"Jewish Issue"is an issue of relationship between political liberation and human liberation.Marx believed that rather than presupposing the abolition of religion and universal human liberation,politic...Marx’s"Jewish Issue"is an issue of relationship between political liberation and human liberation.Marx believed that rather than presupposing the abolition of religion and universal human liberation,political liberation is only a historical stage of human liberation,,even though with important historical progressive value. Around this theme,Marx went beyond the perspective of religious criticism and gave priority to the analysis of the modern political state in the field of civil society,lightening the limits of political liberation and the path of human liberation.展开更多
This paper is focused on studying an important concept of the system analysis, which is the regional enlarged observability or constrained observability of the gradient for distributed parabolic systems evolving in th...This paper is focused on studying an important concept of the system analysis, which is the regional enlarged observability or constrained observability of the gradient for distributed parabolic systems evolving in the spatial domain Ω We will explore an approach based on the Hilbert Uniqueness Method (HUM), which can reconstruct the initial gradient state between two prescribed functions f1 and f2 only in a critical subregion ω of Ω without the knowledge of the state. Finally, the obtained results are illustrated by numerical simulations.展开更多
The exact boundary controllability and the exact boundary observability for the 1-D first order linear hyperbolic system were studied by the constructive method in the framework of weak solutions in the work[Lu,X.and ...The exact boundary controllability and the exact boundary observability for the 1-D first order linear hyperbolic system were studied by the constructive method in the framework of weak solutions in the work[Lu,X.and Li,T.T.,Exact boundary con-trollability of weak solutions for a kind of first order hyperbolic system—the constructive method,Chin.Ann.Math.Ser.B,42(5),2021,643-676].In this paper,in order to study these problems from the viewpoint of duality,the authors establish a complete the-ory on the HUM method and give its applications to first order hyperbolic systems.Thus,a deeper relationship between the controllability and the observability can be revealed.Moreover,at the end of the paper,a comparison will be made between these two methods.展开更多
基金Supported by Internal research funds of Istanbul Technical University,No.36403
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of human leukocyte antigen(HLA) DRB1 and DQB1 alleles on the inactive and advanced stages of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: Patient records at a single institution's hepatology clinic were reviewed. Demographic data, laboratory results, endoscopy results, virological parameters, biopsy scores and treatment statuses were recorded. In total, 355 patients were eligible for thestudy, of whom 226(63.7%) were male. Overall, 82(23.1%) were hepatitis B early antigen(HBeAg) positive, 87(24.5%) had cirrhosis, and 66(18.6%) had inactive disease. The presence of DQB1 and DRB1 alleles was determined by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The distribution of the genotyped alleles among patients with cirrhosis and patients with chronic active hepatitis was analyzed.RESULTS: The most frequent HLA DQB1 allele was DQB1*03:01(48.2%), and the most frequent HLA DRB1 allele was DRB1*13/14(51.8%). DQB1*05:01 was more frequent in patients with active disease than in inactive patients(27% vs 9.1%; P = 0.002, Pc = 0.026). DRB1*07 was rare in patients with cirrhosis compared with non-cirrhotics(3.4% vs 16%; P = 0.002, Pc = 0.022). Older age(P < 0.001) and male gender(P = 0.008) were the other factors that affected the presence of cirrhosis. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, DRB1*07 remained a significant negative predictor of cirrhosis(P = 0.015). A bioinformatics analysis revealed that a polymorphic amino acid sequence in DRB1*07 may alter interaction with the T-cell recognition site.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that HLA alleles may influence cirrhosis development and disease activity in Turkish chronic hepatitis B patients.
文摘A pitch detector for application in query by humming (QBH) is implemented in this paper. This algorithm is made up of two parts: note segmentation and pitch detection. In the first part, voiced/silence decision is made on each segment of the input signal by a pattern recognition approach, and further, the preparatory note borders are obtained; then, via analysis of the instantaneous energy contour, the adjacent notes that adhere to each other are separated. In the second part, pitch is estimated for all frames contained in a note's duration by an autocorrelation method and the mean of these pitch values is taken as the average pitch of this note. Moreover, in order to remove the effect of formant structure, a nonlinear preprocessing is adopted in the pitch detection part and the autocorrelation function is properly weighted before peak picking. Finally, hummings of several experimenters with different voice characters are recorded to test this pitch detector, whose efficiency and reliability are proved by the results.
基金funded by Department of Foreign Affairs and Inter-national Trade (DFAIT)
文摘The Hum is a widespread phenomenon, reported in many parts of the world. It manifests itself in the form of a hum, rumble and pulsing, often felt as a sensation more than an audible sound. Starting in 2011, residents of Windsor, Ontario, Canada started reporting intermittent low frequency sound, widely referred to as the Hum(and dubbed the Windsor Hum). This report outlines the deployment of a short term geophysical field survey, performed during 2013 in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, aimed at monitoring the airwave signals associated with the Windsor Hum. The summary of the low frequency sound array deployment is presented and discussed.
基金a phased achievement of the youth project of National Social Science Fund of China“A Study of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Thought on‘Mind Study’of Communists”(18CKS034)。
文摘Marx’s"Jewish Issue"is an issue of relationship between political liberation and human liberation.Marx believed that rather than presupposing the abolition of religion and universal human liberation,political liberation is only a historical stage of human liberation,,even though with important historical progressive value. Around this theme,Marx went beyond the perspective of religious criticism and gave priority to the analysis of the modern political state in the field of civil society,lightening the limits of political liberation and the path of human liberation.
文摘This paper is focused on studying an important concept of the system analysis, which is the regional enlarged observability or constrained observability of the gradient for distributed parabolic systems evolving in the spatial domain Ω We will explore an approach based on the Hilbert Uniqueness Method (HUM), which can reconstruct the initial gradient state between two prescribed functions f1 and f2 only in a critical subregion ω of Ω without the knowledge of the state. Finally, the obtained results are illustrated by numerical simulations.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11831011,11901082)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20190323)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
文摘The exact boundary controllability and the exact boundary observability for the 1-D first order linear hyperbolic system were studied by the constructive method in the framework of weak solutions in the work[Lu,X.and Li,T.T.,Exact boundary con-trollability of weak solutions for a kind of first order hyperbolic system—the constructive method,Chin.Ann.Math.Ser.B,42(5),2021,643-676].In this paper,in order to study these problems from the viewpoint of duality,the authors establish a complete the-ory on the HUM method and give its applications to first order hyperbolic systems.Thus,a deeper relationship between the controllability and the observability can be revealed.Moreover,at the end of the paper,a comparison will be made between these two methods.
