The Historical Position and Value Dimensions of Human Rights Civilization

Human beings are the mainstay and the ultimate goal of civilization.The history of human civilization is a continuous struggle to realize the respect,liberation,protection,and development of humanity.Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress,and the human rights civilization is an important component of human civilization.Understanding and interpreting human rights from the perspective of human rights civilization means that human rights are not only a concept or an idea but also a grand historical and long-term social practice.Up to now,the development of human rights civilization has roughly experienced four awakening eras:initialization,revolution,popularization,and globalization.In terms of its value dimensions,it has the characteristics of progressiveness,diversity,commonality,inclusiveness,indivisibility,openness,and so on.The historical position of human rights civilization and the development of its value dimensions have shown to the world that human rights are the common wealth of humanity,and human rights belong to all mankind;human rights are historical,concrete,and developmental;the concept of human rights is constantly evolving,and its connotations and categories are constantly expanding;achieving the free and well-rounded development of every person is the highest value realm of human rights civilization.The Chinese modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength and opens up new horizons for human rights civilization.The new pattern of human rights civilization to be created by Chinese modernization not only possesses the common characteristics of human rights civilization but also enjoys Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions,enriching and developing the diversity of human rights civilization for all mankind.

Three-dimensional reconstruction of human spinal cord based on histological serial sections

BACKGROUND： It is not possible to reconstruct the inner structure of the spinal cord, such as gray matter and spinal tracts, from the Visual Human Project database or CT and MRI databases, due to low image resolution and contrast in macrosection images. OBJECTIVE： To explore a semi-automatic computerized three-dimensional （3D） reconstruction of human spinal cord based on histological serial sections, in order to solve issues such as low contrast. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An experimental study combining serial section techniques and 3D reconstruction, performed in the laboratory of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology at the Medical School of Nantong University during January to April 2008. SETTING： Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration, Laboratory of Image Engineering. MATERIALS： A human lumbar spinal cord segment from fresh autopsy material of an adult male. METHODS： After 4% paraformaldehyde fixation for three days, serial sections of the lumbar spinal cord were cut on a Leica cryostat and mounted on slides in sequence, with eight sections aligned separately on each slide. All sections were stained with Luxol Fast Blue to reveal myelin sheaths. After gradient dehydration and clearing, the stained slides were coverslipped. Sections were observed and images recorded under a light microscope using a digital camera. Six images were acquired at x25 magnification and automatically stitched into a complete section image. After all serial images were obtained, 96 complete serial images of the human lumbar cord segment were automatically processed with ＂Curves＂, ＂Autocontrast＂, ＂Gray scale 8 bit＂, ＂Invert＂, ＂Image resize to 50%＂ steps using Photoshop 7.0 software. All images were added in order into 3D-DOCTOR 4.0 software as a stack, where serial images were automatically realigned with neighboring images and semi-automatically segmented for white matter and gray matter. Finally, simple surface and volume reconstruction were completed on a personal computer. The reconstructed human lumbar spinal cord segment was interactively observed, cut, and measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The reconstructed human lumbar spinal cord segment. RESULTS： Compared with serial images obtained from other image modalities, such as CT, MRI, and macrosections from The Visual Human Project database, the Luxol Fast Blue stained histological serial section images exhibited higher resolution and contrast between gray and white matter. Image processing and 3D reconstruction steps were semi-automatically performed with related software. The 3D reconstructed human lumbar cord segment were observed, cut, and measured on a PC. CONCLUSION： A semi-automatically computerized method, based on histological serial sections, is an effective way to 3D-reconstruct the human spinal cord.

The Normative Enlightenment of China's Human Rights Studies from the Space-Time Dimensions of the Chinese Dream

In order to gradually build a theoretical system of human rights with Chinese characteristics that conforms to the development of the times through rigorous academic research, researchers need to break through the basic think- ing tendency of ＂from idea to idea＂ step by step and finally establish the fundamental research orientation of ＂specifying human rights stud- ies.＂ Through comprehensive and systematic analysis and sorting out various basic concepts relating to human rights, researchers also need to finally establish a solid foundation and prerequisite for fruitful academic study.

Three-Dimensional Prototypes and Evaluation of Their Structure and Form

In order to reveal the appearance of the clothing prototype on the human body,the characteristics of the human body’s structure above the waist section were studied.Based on the experimental data of the fit prototype,three-dimensional prototypes features were comparatively analyzed.And then objectively evaluating the relationship was conducted between the planar structure lines of different prototypes and the human body.The results showed that the prototypes analyzed basically conformed to the size of the human body.However,when they were worn on the human body,there were problems in the structure and forming.The main reason was that the side seam was skewed to different degrees.The results of this study provide reference for many practitioners to choose prototypes.

3D Vector Reconstruction of the Typical Cervical Vertebra from Anatomical Sections of Korean Visible Human at the Laboratory of Clinical and Digital Anatomy of Paris Descartes University

Aim: To carry out a 3D vector reconstruction of the typical cervical vertebra from anatomical sections of the “Korean Visible Human” for educational purposes. Material and Methods: The anatomical subject was a 33-year-old Korean man who died of leukemia. He was 164 cm tall and weighed 55 kg. This man donated his body to science. Her body was frozen and cut into several anatomical sections after an MRI and CT scan. These anatomical sections were made using a special saw called a 0.2 mm thick cryomacrotome. Thus 8100 cuts were obtained. Only the sections numbered 940 to 1200 were used for our study. A segmentation by manual contouring of the different parts of the typical cervical vertebra was made using the software Winsurf version 3.5 on a laptop PC running Windows 7 equipped with a Ram of 8 gigas. Results: Our 3D vector model of the typical cervical vertebra is easily manipulated using the Acrobat 3DPDF interface. Each part of the vertebra accessible in a menu can be displayed, hidden or made transparent, and 3D labels are available as well as educational menus for learning anatomy. Conclusion: This original work constitutes a remarkable educational tool for the anatomical study of the typical cervical vertebra and can also be used as a 3D atlas for simulation purposes for training in therapeutic gestures.

切除不同范围钩突后颈椎椎间盘的有限元分析

目的通过建立C_(0)~T_(1)全颈椎三维有限元模型,探讨切除不同范围钩突后颈椎椎间盘的应力变化特点,为临床手术治疗提供实验依据。方法对1例全颈椎进行CT扫描后建立正常颈椎三维模型,同时设计切除左侧50%、100%的钩突和切除双侧100%的钩突模型,加载相同力矩后比较4种模型在前屈、后伸、左右侧屈及左右旋转等6种工况下的受力变化(应力、位移)。结果随着钩突不同范围的切除,椎间盘应力和位移值集中位于C_(5/6)处,随后渐呈递减趋势。椎间盘在切除左侧C_(5)钩突50%后其应力值仅在C_(5)处存在侧别间差异,但在左侧或双侧切除100%C_(5)钩突后其应力值出现了侧别间差异。结论切除不同范围钩突(50%、100%)后可影响颈椎稳定性,且切除范围越大越影响颈椎稳定性。临床在该区手术切除时应尽可能选择最优原则,以最少切除而达到治疗效果为最佳。

Synaptic development of layer V pyramidal neurons in the prenatal human prefrontal neocortex: a Neurolucida-aided Golgi study

The prefrontal neocortex is involved in many high cognitive functions in humans.Deficits in neuronal and neurocircuitry development in this part of the cerebrum have been associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders in adolescents and adults.There are currently little available data regarding prenatal dendrite and spine formation on projecting neurons in the human prefrontal neocortex.Previous studies have demonstrated that Golgi silver staining can identify neurons in the frontal lobe and visual cortex in human embryos.In the present study,five fetal brains,at 19,20,26,35,and 38 gestational weeks,were obtained via the body donation program at Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,China.Golgi-stained pyramidal neurons in layer V of Brodmann area 46 in fetuses were quantitatively analyzed using the Neurolucida morphometry system.Results revealed that somal size,total dendritic length,and branching points of these neurons increased from 26 to 38 gestational weeks.There was also a large increase in dendritic spines from 35 to 38 gestational weeks.These findings indicate that,in the human prefrontal neocortex,dendritic growth in layer V pyramidal neurons occurs rapidly during the third trimester of gestation.The use of human fetal brain tissue was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,China(approval No.2011-045)on April 5,2011.

Changes of the Proteomic Profiles in Human High-metastatic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981 by Transfecting with nm23-H1 Gene

Background and Objective Cancer metastasis is not only the malignant characteristics of lung cancer, but also the key cause of failure to cure and high mortality. It has been proved

3D-STI参数评价抗HER-2药物对乳腺癌患者心室功能变化的价值

目的 探讨三维斑点追踪成像(Three Dimensional Speckle Tracking Imaging,3D-STI)参数评价抗人表皮生长因子受体-2(Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2,HER-2)药物对乳腺癌患者心室功能变化的价值。方法 选取我院2021年6月至2022年6月收治的50例需行辅助化疗乳腺癌患者作为观察组,选择同期30名健康志愿者作为对照组。比较对照组与观察组化疗前,化疗第2、4、6周期常规超声心动图指标与3D-STI参数,以临床病理诊断为“金标准”,并绘制3D-STI参数受试者工作特征(Receiver Operating Characteristic,ROC)曲线。结果 观察组化疗第6周期E/A值低于对照组和化疗前(P<0.05),观察组化疗第2、4、6周期左心室扭转、心肌综合指数值低于对照组和化疗前(P<0.05),观察组化疗第4、6周期整体纵向应变(GlobalLongitudinalStrain,GLS)低于对照组和化疗前(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示GLS敏感度最高,为96.00%,整体圆周应变特异性最高,为96.67%。结论 3D-STI参数可评估乳腺癌患者抗HER-2药物化疗后心室功能变化,为临床早期干预提供诊断依据。

基于深度学习的二维单人姿态估计综述

人体姿态估计是计算机视觉领域的一项关键技术,它通过检测人体关键点以识别人体姿态。随着深度学习的快速发展,其已成为人体姿态估计的主流技术并取得了显著进展。围绕单人姿态估计问题,从数据预处理、网络架构设计、监督学习方法以及后处理技术四个维度对基于深度学习的单人姿态估计研究进行回顾,同时探讨关键点表征的新方式及Transformer模型在该领域的应用,此外还介绍了常用的数据集和性能估计指标,深入讨论当前单人姿态估计领域的挑战和发展方向。

三维服装虚拟展示技术的研究进展

为产生逼真而富有动感的服装展示效果,探究虚拟展示技术是一种极具前景的解决方案,为此对国内外三维服装虚拟展示技术的研究进行了回顾。首先系统地概述三维人体建模技术,总结了参数化人体建模和非参数化人体建模的发展现状。其次,以服装建模中的几何建模法、物理建模法和混合建模法3种方法为切入点详细阐述了服装建模的研究历程,分析了国内外学者多年的研究与探索。最后,基于服装虚拟展示技术中的三维着装模拟法和服装动画模拟法介绍了虚拟展示技术从单一的静态模拟发展到具有物理属性的动态仿真的发展过程,论述了三维服装虚拟展示技术中服装着装模拟技术和服装动画模拟技术现有成果的优势和不足,展望了三维服装展示技术未来会朝快速地三维人体建模、高效着装模拟和具有真实感地动画模拟3个方向发展。

体电子显微成像技术在肝癌细胞超微结构分析中的应用研究

体电子显微成像技术(volume electron microscopy)可以在更大三维空间中对样品进行纳米分辨率三维结构分析,获取样品内部结构的三维模型和各结构之间的位置关系、体积比例等信息,更加全面地反映样品的超微结构与功能的关系。本文利用基于聚焦离子束扫描电镜的体电子显微成像技术对人源肝癌细胞的三维超微结构进行分析,获得了多种细胞器包括细胞核、线粒体、内质网和高尔基体等的高分辨率三维结构模型。

3岁女童盆部虚拟解剖模型的建立

目的研究女童连续超薄断层解剖及虚拟女童盆部数字化三维模型,以辅助解剖学研究和模拟手术。方法选取学龄前女童可视人数据集自髂前上棘到会阴下区域的横切面图像,用Adobe Photoshop软件从图像中交互式分割感兴趣区域。对图像行格式转换和分割处理。用三维重建软件DigihumanReconstructionSystem提取重建该区域的数字三维模型。结果获取了女童盆部断层高清解剖图像,并对重要结构进行标注;成功建立了虚拟女童盆部的数字化三维模型。该三维模型精确地显示了各结构间的解剖位置关系,为盆部手术模拟系统提供了可靠的三维模型。结论虚拟女童盆部数字化三维重建可视化能立体真实地显示该区域及其邻近结构,为该区域的解剖、影像诊断和虚拟手术提供发育形态学依据。

基于深度学习与仿人眼视觉成像的图像融合技术研究

近年来,针对导航避障、勘探救援等领域的需求,城市环境下遮蔽目标的成像技术成为研究热点。该文首先分析目前三维成像的技术现状,之后针对城市环境的特殊性,重点研究基于深度学习与仿人眼视觉成像的图像融合技术,并对该方法进行测试验证,实验结果表明,该方法明显提高对目标图像的识别效率。

基于Unity3D的机器人仿真和遥操作系统研究

机械臂遥操作是机器人研究领域中热门的研究方向。遥操作机器人系统中,采用虚拟现实技术和人机交互技术为操作者提供反馈,可更好地掌握工作现场的信息,提高工作效率。本文基于Unity3D的虚拟仿真环境,研究机械臂遥操作;将3D建模和Unity3D引擎开发用于机械臂遥操作的虚拟环境,并通过Socket网络接口,实现虚拟机器人和MyCobot机器人实时同步;利用三维鼠标,实现人机交互功能。

中国式现代化对人类美好生活形态的立体重塑

实现人民对美好生活的向往,是中国共产党始终不渝的奋斗目标。在马克思主义经典作家看来,实现人类美好生活:一是要摆脱资本逻辑、被支配的社会关系和人与自然对立关系的束缚,实现“人的世界”的回归;二是要实现与人的本质和长期发展需要相适应的精神世界的建构。在中国共产党坚强领导下,中国人民走出了一条具有鲜明特色的中国式现代化道路。中国式现代化,通过有效驾驭资本逻辑不断夯实人民美好生活的物质基础,通过构建良好社会关系不断促进国家长治久安,通过推动绿色发展不断实现人与自然和谐共生,通过繁荣社会主义文化不断丰富人民精神世界,通过推动构建人类命运共同体不断彰显全人类共同价值,从而使人类美好生活形态得到立体重塑。

三维动静态培养软骨源性微组织的细胞行为及软骨形成能力

背景:与传统二维培养相比,三维培养软骨微组织具有更大的优势,但仍需进一步探索更有利的三维培养方式。目的:评价2种三维培养方式下微组织的细胞行为及促软骨形成能力。方法:通过化学脱细胞方法和组织粉碎方法制备软骨源性微载体,采用DNA定量和核染色验证脱细胞是否成功,通过组织学染色观察脱细胞前后基质保留情况,采用扫描电子显微镜和CCK-8方法对微载体进行表征;通过三维静态培养法和三维动态培养法将软骨源性微载体与人脂肪间充质干细胞结合构建软骨源性微组织,利用扫描电子显微镜、活死染色、RT-qPCR等手段检测两组微组织的细胞活力及成软骨能力。结果与结论:①成功制备软骨源性微载体,与脱细胞前相比,脱细胞后DNA含量显著降低(P<0.001);扫描电子显微镜观察微载体表面有胶原包绕,保持天然软骨细胞外基质特征;CCK-8法检测表明微载体无细胞毒性且能够促进细胞增殖;②扫描电子显微镜及活死染色结果显示,相比三维静态组,三维动态组微组织细胞具有更舒展的形态,细胞与细胞间、细胞与基质间、基质与基质间形成广泛的连接;③RT-qPCR结果表明两组微组织SOX9、蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原表达在培养7 d或14 d时均增高;14 d时三维动态组各基因相对表达量均显著高于三维静态组(P<0.05);21 d时三维静态组各基因表达均显著高于三维动态组(P<0.001);④结果表明,与三维静态培养微组织相比,三维动态培养微组织可在更短时间实现软骨相关基因的高表达,显示出更好的细胞活性和成软骨能力。

三维人体解剖模型结合CBL教学法在下肢骨折临床教学中的应用

目的探究三维人体解剖模型(3D-body)结合以案例为基础的教学法(CBL)在下肢骨折临床教学中的应用效果。方法选取赣南医科大学附属兴国医院的2023年9月—2024年4月临床医学专业本科实习生48名作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为研究组24名、对照组24名。对照组实施传统的下肢骨折教学方法,研究组实施3D-body结合CBL教学方式,比较两组教学前后考核成绩、批判性思维能力(CTDI-CV评分)、教学评价的差异。结果相较于教学前,实习生教学后理论成绩、临床实践技能成绩均升高,且研究组教学后理论成绩、临床实践技能成绩较对照组更高(P<0.05)。相较于教学前,实习生教学后认知成熟度得分、开放思想得分、寻求真相得分、系统化能力得分、信心得分、求知欲得分、分析能力得分均升高,且研究组教学后批判性思维能力(CTDI-CV评分)较对照组更高(P<0.05)。研究组教学吸引力、手术方案制定能力、对典型骨折认识深度、教学满意度较对照组更高,对外架操作所需操作练习次数较对照组更低(P<0.05)。结论3D-body结合CBL教学应用于下肢骨折临床教学具有较好效果,可有效提高考核成绩与教学评价,利于实习生批判性思维能力形成。

基于多维评估的社区生活圈功能配置优化路径——以宁波市鄞州区为例

随着城市建设走向智慧化协同、精细化治理,生活圈建设成为研究热点,其全域化评估与建设引导方式值得探讨。基于宁波市鄞州区城镇社区建设专项规划编制实践,建立社区生活圈多维评估框架,通过开源大数据、管理数据、社区问卷与地图等多源数据分析,采用各类测度方式,从场景维度、人口维度、空间维度对社区建设现状进行定量与定性分析,发现鄞州新、老城区生活圈在居住环境、人群需求、设施功能、空间更新潜力等方面有差异。结合评估结果,提出社区生活圈功能配置优化路径,包括刚弹结合的特色化引导、人本导向的精细化配置、因地制宜的差异化布局模式。

经阴道三维彩超联合血β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素对早期宫外孕的诊断价值

目的探讨经阴道三维彩超联合血β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)对早期宫外孕的诊断价值。方法选取2020年8月至2023年9月安庆市第一人民医院收治的80例早期宫外孕患者作为研究对象,设为观察组。另选取同期80例宫内孕孕妇设为对照组。分析两组超声指标与血β-hCG水平;绘制超声指标、血β-hCG单独及联合诊断早期宫外孕的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线;通过病理结果分析经阴道三维彩超联合血β-hCG诊断的准确性。结果两组阻力指数、搏动指数、收缩期峰值流速比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组子宫内膜厚度、血β-hCG水平均小于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,子宫内膜厚度、血β-HCG及两者联合诊断宫外孕的曲线下面积分别为0.833、0.877及0.975(P<0.05)。与病理结果比较,经阴道三维彩超联合血β-hCG诊断漏诊、误诊5例,诊断准确率为93.75%。结论经阴道三维彩超联合血β-hCG对早期宫外孕具有较高的诊断价值,可为临床快速准确诊断早期宫外孕提供可靠信息。