Predicaments and Countermeasures of the Protection of Migrant Workers' Human Rights——From the Perspective of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families

International migration mainly happens between the North and the South Mig rant workers have made important contributions to the inclusive growth and sustainable development of world economy, but their human rights are often violated In recent years, frequent extreme terrorists attacks and large-scale refugee influxes have triggered anti-for eign sentiment and policies in developed countries, which expose migrant workers to an unprecedented human rights crisis The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is an important convention adopted by the United Nations that specially protects human rights of migrant workers However, as the convention has not been ratified by major developed countries where most migrant workers seek employment, the protection regime has an empty shell Developing countries where most migrant workers originate from should strengthen cooperation among themselves and urge developed countries to fulfill the duty of human rights protection by normalizing the status of migrant workers and that of members of their families in employment countries and ratifying the convention as soon as possible.

Multilevel Protection of Human Rights in the Inter-American System: Existence of this Protection at International and National Levels

This paper seeks to demonstrate that in the Inter-American human rights system, there is a form of multilevel human rights protection. To do so, a number of institutions where this protection is present are reviewed. In addition, regulatory and practical bases having made this form of protection possible are outlined. Lastly, the issue of the relationship produced at the level of the judiciary from this multilevel discussion between national and international systems is discussed.

From the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings--The Past, Present, and Future of International Human Rights Protection

The UN Charter first of all affirmed the basic concept of international protection of human rights and opened up a broad space for international protection of human rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an important document in the development of the international human rights cause. It established a set of international standards for basic human rights, represents the world’s most important consensus on human rights, and contributes greatly to the creation of an international human rights legal system. The important theory put forward by President Xi Jinping to build a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings, as a Chinese program for today s global major issues, also outlines a new blueprint for national human rights protection and will play a major role in promoting the development of China’s human rights and international human rights protection.

Concept of building a Community with a Shared Future for Human beings and International Cooperation on Pandemic Prevention and Control——Global Pandemic Prevention and Control and Human rights Protection the Second Session of the Series of international S

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has posed a great challenge to the human rights protection.On May 18,2020,the second session of the series of international seminars on"Global Pandemic Prevention and Control and Human Rights Protection",organized by the Institute of Human Rights of China University of Political Science and Law under the guidance of the China Society for Human Rights Studies,was held online.The seminar was themed on the Concept of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and International Cooperation on Pandemic Prevention and Control."Through the seminr,Chinese and foreign experts discussed in depth the values of human rights theories,the specific practices and measures taken by China and the European Union in fighting COVID-19,the protection of human rights in emergencies and the issue of human rights derogation.The seminar delivered a general consensus that prejudice should be abandoned in public health emergencies and international cooperation is continuously promoted within the framework of the United Nations to build a community with a shared future for human beings.

The International Protection of Women's Human Rights:with Emphasis on UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

1. The International Protection of Women＇s Human Rights： Emergence of CEDAW For a long time, women＇s rights have been excluded from traditional discourse on human right. The traditional discourse on human rights has developed without considering its impact upon women. Transforming this discourse to a perspective that will consider the needs and vindications of women is absolutely essential.1 Although international efforts addressing women＇s issues presumed to be associated with women began in the nineteenth century, it was in the postwar period that such activity gained a coherent focus under the auspices of United Nations.

International Cooperation and Human Rights Protection in the Fight against the COVID-19 Pandemic

The protection of human rights through international cooperation has a long history.Core human rights conventions,regional human rights treaties and other human rights instruments have continuously developed the meaning and scope of international human rights cooperation.The modern risk-laden society with a high degree of complexity and uncertainty has changed the world pattern,which calls for the building of a community with a shared future for human beings with cooperation as the starting point.Under the constant threat of the novel coronavirus,we must continue to deepen the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings,adhere to a“human rights-oriented”approach,and pay particular attention to the current supply and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine as an important global public good.Only through solidarity and cooperation can mankind finally win the battle against this pandemic and protect human rights.

International Seminar on Criminal Penalty Execution and Human Rights Protection

An International Seminar on Criminal Penalty Execution and Human Rights Protection was held in Kunming, capital of Yunnan Province from November 28-29, 2005. Sponsored by the Chinese Supreme People＇s Procuratorate, the UNDP, the Norway Parliament Administrative Supervisor＇s Office and the China International Economic and Technical Exchange Center of the Ministry of Commerce, the seminar was attended by more than 190 Chinese and foreign representatives from the International Prosecutors＇ Association,

The Constitutional Analysis of Human Rights Legislative Protection

The paths for applying the international human rights conventions in China should be recognized as follows: On the premise of respecting the Constitution of China, systematic human rights which could coordinate the relationship between the Constitution of China and international human rights conventions. The source of the human rights legislation obligations of the legislative organs of China is the Constitution of China, not the international human rights conventions. The legislature should understand and grasp the main contents of the human rights legislation obligations of the legislature according to Paragraph 3 of Article 33 of the Constitution while the interpretation of this clause must be based on the relevant provisions of the international human rights conventions. Human rights legislative obligations of the legislature can be classified into two types: legislative protecting obligations and legislative relief obligations of human rights. The NPC and its Standing Committee should be structurally responsible for the human rights legislation obligation, and the State Council and other organs of the State not for the legislation protection of human rights. A special human rights law should be enacted by the NPC.

An Academic Summary of the International Seminar Series on “Safeguarding the Right to Life in the Epidemic Prevention and Control”

Guided by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and organized by Southwest University of Political Science and Law,the First Session of the Series of International Seminars on"Global Epidemic Prevention and Control and Human Rights Protection"was held in Chongqing on May 9,2020.The seminar featured the theme of"Guarantee of the Right to Life in Epidemic Prevention and Control"and two sub-topics:"Value Status and Legal Protection of the Right to Life"and Safeguarding the Right to Life of Vulnerable Groups under the Pandemic".Over 40 experts and scholars from China,the Netherlands,France,Pakistan and Sri Lanka attended the conference,and conducted in-depth discussions on specific issues such as"life supremacy","attributes of the right to life","government responsibilities","protection of vulnerable groups","balance of the right to life and other human rights",and"science-based approaches to epidemic prevention".This conference reaffirmed the key idea of life supremacy,which is conducive to strengthening the safeguarding of and attention to the right to life in the global pandemic prevention and control.

价值回归背景下国际碳交易制度的完善

《巴黎协定》国际碳交易制度体现了环境价值、经济价值和社会价值相统一的多维价值目标,这是对《京都议定书》时期碳交易实践的价值纠偏,也是对制度初衷的价值回归。然而,价值实现的关键在于制度规范与价值目标的契合度。以“价值——原则——规则”作为分析框架,解析国际碳交易制度的功能价值,可知公平、环境完整性、人权保障和可持续发展应作为其核心原则。通过对国际碳交易规则与原则的匹配度检视,发现存在“国家自主贡献”的充分性和公平性评估机制缺失、资金和技术以及能力建设缺乏履约执行机制、人权保障和可持续发展原则存在“建设性模糊”、ITMOs实现核心原则具有不确定性等问题。故此,完善“国家自主贡献”的自证和跟踪机制、落实资金和能力建设支持机制、构建国际碳交易原则评估体系以及加强ITMOs规则的指导性是制度完善的有效路径。

国际人权法对引渡原则的影响

国际人权法在各国国内的实施,促进了保障人权的国际标准在世界范围被广泛接受,并推动了国际法的人本化过程。国际人权法通过被纳入引渡条约和国内法并适用于引渡案件中,对引渡的制度与实践产生了结构性影响。这不仅强化了罪行特定原则、双重犯罪原则与禁止双重危险原则等原有引渡原则对人权的尊重和保障,而且还直接产生了以保障被引渡人的人权为导向的引渡原则——禁止歧视原则和酷刑不引渡原则。国际人权法对引渡原则的影响在兼顾国家引渡利益的同时,强调了国家对人权保障义务的履行,改变了现代引渡制度的整体风貌。

知识产权与人权:后TRIPS时代的知识产权国际保护

TRIPS的产生,在促进知识产权国际保护发展的同时,也被认为造成了知识产权制度与国际人权法之间的冲突。从立法宗旨上讲,不管对知识产权采用什么样的措辞,知识产权保护应与维护人类尊严和实现其他人权相一致。所以,我们必须开展有关研究工作,探寻如何在包括TRIPS在内的国际条约框架下,协调好知识产权与人权之间的关系;具体说来,知识产权国际保护制度必须以国际人权公约的价值取向为指导,在保护作者精神权、隐私权、公共健康与环境等方面进行制度改革。

国际法人本化趋向下海外中国公民保护的性质演进及进路选择

全球化背景下中国公民走出国门的人数越来越多,他们在国外面临的形势不容乐观,而如何保护其权益则是我国必须思考的问题。国际法人本化趋向下保护海外中国公民权益不仅是国家的一项权利,更是一项义务和责任。目前,我国在保护海外公民权益实践当中还存在诸多不足,因而有必要在我国实行外交为民、执政为民的理念下进一步完善海外公民权益保护的策略,以切实保护其权益不受它国的非法侵害。

非物质文化遗产的国际人权保护研究——以《保护非物质文化遗产公约》为视角

自2003年《保护非物质文化遗产公约》通过后,非物质文化遗产保护开始进入国际法领域,非物质文化遗产国际人权保护得以形成。然而,非物质文化遗产国际人权保护在人权评判标准的确立和保护机制的完善上还面临较大的困境。这些困境制约了非物质文化遗产国际人权保护的进一步发展。因此,既有必要从理论上解决国际人权标准的分歧,采用一种以尊重文化多样性为基础的人权评判标准,也有必要从制度上完善国际人权保护的运行机制,建立对话协商和动态审查机制,采用"对情况作恰度评估"原则,使非物质文化遗产国际人权保护摆脱困境、获得长足发展。

国际投资法中的人权保护问题研究——以国际投资仲裁实践为视角

现有的国际投资协定极少对人权问题作专门规定,而双边投资协定为投资者确立了很高的保护标准,这使得东道国居民人权与投资者财产权之间的冲突与矛盾难以避免。投资者—东道国投资仲裁庭的实践则将这种潜在的矛盾明朗化。仲裁庭在实践中热衷于保护投资者的财产权,对于东道国居民的经济、社会等方面的人权,一般以程序问题为由加以规避。这些矛盾与问题源于对"国际投资法的自足性"和"仲裁庭身份定位"这两个前提性理论问题认识的不清。为平衡东道国居民的人权保护与投资者财产权保护,须从对投资协定实体方面和投资仲裁的程序方面,对国际投资法进行完善。

国际法人本化趋向下海外中国公民保护的性质演进及进路选择

全球化背景下中国公民走出国门的人数越来越多,他们在国外面临的形势不容乐观,而如何保护其权益则是我国必须思考的问题与人权保护践行的重点。国际法人本化趋向下保护海外中国公民权益不仅是国家的一项权利,更是一项义务和责任。目前,我国在保护海外公民权益实践当中还存在诸多不足,因而有必要在我国实行外交为民、执政为民的理念下进一步完善海外公民权益保护的策略,以切实保护其权益不受它国的非法侵害。

论人权的国际保护——以米尔恩人权哲学为视角

先验的人权观在人权的国际保护中已经不再具有批判性的积极意义,米尔恩人权哲学通过对先验人权观的批判,以低度道德作为其权利体系的理论起点,其有利于消除人权国际保护中的政治化趋向;低限人权概念是米尔恩人权哲学体系的理论内核,低限人权概念在人权国际立法中具有可操作性,使人权国际保护从理论必然性走向了现实可能性;普遍人权命题是米尔恩人权哲学体系的理论诉求,这个命题意味着人权主体的普遍性和人权标准的普遍性,调和了不同人权价值的对立,从而为人权国际保护的对话提供了理论平台。

刑事司法中的人权保护:以我国为视角的思考

一段时间以来,我国围绕刑事司法中的人权保护问题进行了广泛而深入的讨论,但多着眼于外在视角,而对我国的政治、经济条件和文化传统则关注和考虑不足。事实上,在借助外在视角思考这一问题的同时,也必须注意内在视角,以中国作为研讨问题的出发点去解读我国刑事司法中的人权保护问题。惟有如此,才能在理论研讨与我国刑事司法实践之间搭建起对话的平台,也才能真正为我国刑事司法制度的完善提供切实有效的指导。

论冷战后联合国人权保障机制

冷战后,国际人权保护成为国际社会广泛而深刻的议题,人权争议变得更加激烈,联合国人权保护作用和国际人权干预能力遭到质疑。联合国人权保障机制面临着诸多难题,其原因主要是体制的非平衡性、天然的妥协性、价值的工具化倾向。

强行法与公正审判权的冲突——联合国安理会1267号决议评析

联合国安理会1267号决议提出了:1.安理会的反恐机制受到个人享有公正审判权这一核心权利的限制;2.该机制违反了公正审判权的全部内容,主要是因其没有能提供一个有效的监督机制;3.该机制需要完善,以将最低限度的正当程序保障纳入其中,并敦促安理会履行其义务。