Chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) is expressed in myocardial ischemia injury in vivo and in vitro

Introduction:Chemokine-like factor 1(CKLF1)is a chemokine that is overexpressed in several diseases.Our previousfindings revealed a significant increase in CKLF1 expression in the ischemic brain,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.Methods:In this study,we examined the expression dynamics of CKLF1 in both in vivo and in vitro models of ischemic cardiac injury.Myocardial infarction(MI)was induced in vivo by ligation of the left anterior descending artery(LAD)of the rat heart.The levels of CKLF1,Creatine Kinase MB Isoenzyme(CK-MB),and Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in the serum were detected using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of CKLF1 in the infarcted area was detected by immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,quantitative PCR(qPCR),and Western blotting(WB).H9C2 and AC16 cardiomyocytes cultured in vitro were subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation(OGD).LDH was used to detect cell damage,and CKLF1 expression was detected by qPCR and WB.Results:CKLF1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in h9c2 cells at 1.5 h and in AC16 cells at 4 h after OGD.The serum CK-MB in rats increased significantly on thefirst day after infarction,while the LDH concentration increased significantly on the third day after infarction.CKLF1 blood levels significantly increased on thefirst day following MI in rats.CKLF1 expression notably increased in the infarct area on days 1,3,and 7 post-MI.In MI tissue,CKLF1 colocalizes with cardiomyocytes,macrophages,and neutrophils.Conclusion:CKLF1 was substantially expressed during myocardial ischemia injury both in vivo and in vitro and was colocalized with macrophages and neutrophils,indicating that CKLF1 is expected to be a biomarker and a drug target for the treatment of myocardial infarction.

Effect of acetyl L-carnitine on human retinal pigment epithelium-19 cells in hypoxic conditions

AIM:To investigate the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine(ALCAR)on cell viability,morphological integrity,and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression in human retinal pigment epithelium(ARPE-19)cells using a hypoxic model.METHODS:In the first set of experiments,the optimal CoCl_(2) dose was determined by exposing ARPE-19 cell cultures to different concentrations.To evaluate the effect of ALCAR on cell viability,five groups of ARPE-19 cell culture were established that included a control group,a sham group(200μM CoCl_(2)),and groups that received 1,10 and 100 mM doses of ALCAR combined with 200μM CoCl_(2),respectively.The cell viability was measured by MTT assay.The morphological characteristics of cells were observed by an inverted phase contrast microscope.The levels of VEGF and HIF-1α secretion by ARPE-19 cells were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)assay.RESULTS:ARPE-19 cells were exposed to different doses of CoCl_(2) in order to create a hypoxia model.Nevertheless,when exposed to a concentration of 200μM CoCl_(2),a notable decrease in viability to 83% was noted.ALCAR was found to increase the cell viability at 1 mM and 10 mM concentrations,while the highest concentration(100 mM)did not have an added effect.The cell viability was found to be significantly higher in the groups treated with a concentration of 1 mM and 10 mM ALCAR compared to the Sham group(P=0.041,P=0.019,respectively).The cell viability and morphology remained unaffected by the greatest dose of ALCAR(100 mM).The administration of 10 mM ALCAR demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the levels of VEGF and HIF-1α compared with the Sham group(P=0.013,P=0.033,respectively).CONCLUSION:The findings from the current study indicate that ALCAR could represent a viable therapeutic option with the potential to open up novel treatment pathways for retinal diseases,particular relevance for age-related macular degeneration(AMD).However,to fully elucidate ALCAR’s application potential in retinal diseases,additional investigation is necessary to clearly define the exact mechanisms involved.

Regulation role of miR-204 on SIRT1/VEGF in metabolic memory induced by high glucose in human retinal pigment epithelial cells

AIM:To examine the regulatory role of microRNA-204(miR-204)on silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)under highglucose-induced metabolic memory in human retinal pigment epithelial(hRPE)cells.METHODS:Cells were cultured with either normal(5 mmol/L)or high D-glucose(25 mmol/L)concentrations for 8d to establish control and high-glucose groups,respectively.To induce metabolic memory,cells were cultured with 25 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d followed by culture with 5 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d.In addition,exposed in 25 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d and then transfected with 100 nmol/L miR-204 control,miR-204 inhibitor or miR-204 mimic in 5 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d.Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was used to detect miR-204 mRNA levels.SIRT1 and VEGF protein levels were assessed by immunohistochemical and Western blot.Flow cytometry was used to investigate apoptosis rate.RESULTS:It was found that high glucose promoted miR-204 and VEGF expression,and inhibited SIRT1 activity,even after the return to normal glucose culture conditions.Upregulation of miR-204 promoted apoptosis inhibiting SIRT1 and increasing VEGF expression.However,downregulation of miR-204 produced the opposite effects.CONCLUSION:The study identifies that miR-204 is the upstream target of SIRT1and VEGF,and that miR-204 can protect hRPE cells from the damage caused by metabolic memory through increasing SIRT1 and inhibiting VEGF expression.

SIRT1 inhibits apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and in vivo

AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.METHODS:HLECs(SRA01/04)were treated with varying concentrations of tunicamycin(TM)for 24h,and the expression of SIRT1 and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting,and immunofluorescence.Cell morphology and proliferation was evaluated using an inverted microscope and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,respectively.In the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model,which underwent siRNA transfection for SIRT1 knockdown and SRT1720 treatment for its activation,the expression levels of SIRT1,CHOP,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)were examined.The potential reversal of SIRT1 knockdown effects by 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA;an ER stress inhibitor)was investigated.In vivo,age-related cataract(ARC)rat models were induced by sodium selenite injection,and the protective role of SIRT1,activated by SRT1720 intraperitoneal injections,was evaluated through morphology observation,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,Western blotting,and RT-PCR.RESULTS:SIRT1 expression was downregulated in TMinduced SRA01/04 cells.Besides,in SRA01/04 cells,both cell apoptosis and CHOP expression increased with the rising doses of TM.ER stress was stimulated by TM,as evidenced by the increased GRP78 and ATF4 in the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model.Inhibition of SIRT1 by siRNA knockdown increased ER stress activation,whereas SRT1720 treatment had opposite results.4-PBA partly reverse the adverse effect of SIRT1 knockdown on apoptosis.In vivo,SRT1720 attenuated the lens opacification and weakened the ER stress activation in ARC rat models.CONCLUSION:SIRT1 plays a protective role against TM-induced apoptosis in HLECs and slows the progression of cataract in rats by inhibiting ER stress.These findings suggest a novel strategy for cataract treatment focused on targeting ER stress,highlighting the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 modulation in ARC development.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression level and combined positive score can evaluate efficacy of advanced gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Although treatment options for gastric cancer(GC)continue to advance,the overall prognosis for patients with GC remains poor.At present,the predictors of treatment efficacy remain controversial except for high microsatellite instability.AIM To develop methods to identify groups of patients with GC who would benefit the most from receiving the combination of a programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitor and chemotherapy.METHODS We acquired data from 63 patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative GC with a histological diagnosis of GC at the Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between November 2020 and October 2022.All of the patients screened received a PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment.RESULTS As of July 1,2023,the objective response rate was 61.9%,and the disease control rate was 96.8%.The median progression-free survival(mPFS)for all patients was 6.3 months.The median overall survival was not achieved.Survival analysis showed that patients with a combined positive score(CPS)≥1 exhibited an extended trend in progression-free survival(PFS)when compared to patients with a CPS of 0 after receiving a PD-1 inhibitor combined with oxaliplatin and tegafur as the first-line treatment.PFS exhibited a trend for prolongation as the expression level of HER2 increased.Based on PFS,we divided patients into two groups:A treatment group with excellent efficacy and a treatment group with poor efficacy.The mPFS of the excellent efficacy group was 8 months,with a mPFS of 9.1 months after excluding a cohort of patients who received interrupted therapy due to surgery.The mPFS was 4.5 months in patients in the group with poor efficacy who did not receive surgery.Using good/poor efficacy as the endpoint of our study,univariate analysis revealed that both CPS score(P=0.004)and HER2 expression level(P=0.015)were both factors that exerted significant influence on the efficacy of treatment the combination of a PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy in patients with advanced GC(AGC).Finally,multivariate analysis confirmed that CPS score was a significant influencing factor.CONCLUSION CPS score and HER2 expression both impacted the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in AGC patients who were non-positive for HER2.

Inhibition of chemokine-like factor 1 improves bloodbrain barrier dysfunction in rats following focal cerebral ischemia

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of chemokine-like factor 1(CKLF1),a novel C-C chemokine,on brain-blood barrier(BBB)integrity in rat focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model.METHODS Antibodies against CKLF1 was applied to the rightcerebral ventricle immediately after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.Brain water content,Evans blue leakage and the expression of aquaporin-4(AQP-4),matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin were measured.RESULTS After treatment with antiCKLF1 antibody,brain water content and Evans blue leakage in ipsilateral hemisphere were decreased in a dose-dependent manner at 24 h after reperfusion,but not changed in contralateral hemisphere.Anti-CKLF1 antibody reduced the expression of AQP-4 and MMP-9,and upregulated the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin.These results suggest that CKLF1 is involved in BBB disruption after reperfusion.CONCLUSION Inhibition of CKLF1 protects against cerebral ischemia by maintaining BBB integrity,possibly via inhibiting the expression of AQP-4 and MMP-9,and increasing the expression of tight junction protein.

Distinct Expression of Chemokine-like Factor 1 in Synovium of Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis

Chemokine-like factor 1（CKLF1） is a newly cloned chemotactic cytokine with CCR4 being its functional receptor. Recent evidence demonstrates a role of CKLF1 in arthritis. The aim of this study was to quantify the expression of CKLF1 as well as assess the correlation between CKLF1 and plasma acute-phase markers. Synovium was obtained from 16 osteoarthritis（OA）, 15 rheumatoid arthritis（RA） and 10 ankylosing spondylitis（AS） patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty, with other 11 patients treated for meniscal tears during sport accidents serving as normal controls. Levels of CKLF1 and CCR4 m RNA were detected by q RT-PCR, and the expression of CKLF1 was investigated by immunohistochemistry staining, subsequently analyzed with semiquantitative scores. Plasma acute-phase markers of inflammation were determined by ELISA. CKLF1 was found with a particularly up-regulated expression in synovim from AS and RA patients, and CCR4 m RNA levels increased in RA patients, not in OA or AS patients. Elevated levels of plasma markers of inflammation including CRP, ESR and Ddimer were observed in RA. Further, significantly positive correlations between relative expression levels of CKLF1 and CRP/ESR in RA patients and a positive correlation between CKLF1 and ESR in AS patients were found. There was no detectable correlation between CKLF1 and plasma D-dimer. This study confirms an increased but different level of CKLF1 in RA, OA and AS patients, all significantly higher than that in controls. Additionally, the significant positive correlations between CKLF1 levels and CRP/ESR in RA and between CKLF1 and ESR suggest that CKLF1 might contribute to the inflammation state and clinical symptoms in these rheumatic diseases. Further studies are required to investigate the utility of targeting specific CKLF1 for symptom control or disease modification in RA and AS.

NRG1、HER3在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系

目的研究前列腺癌(PC)组织中神经调节蛋白1(NRG1)、人表皮生长因子受体3(HER3)表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法选取2015年2月—2020年2月吉林省人民医院泌尿外科诊治PC患者96例,免疫组织化学检测组织中NRG1、HER3表达;Kaplan-Meier曲线(Log-Rank检验)比较不同NRG1、HER3表达对PC患者预后的影响;COX回归分析PC患者预后的影响因素。结果PC癌组织中NRG1、HER3阳性率分别为78.13%(75/96)、75.00%(72/96),高于癌旁组织6.25%(6/96)、8.33%(8/96)(χ^(2)/P=101.670/<0.001,87.771/<0.001)。TNM分期Ⅲ期、Gleason评分>7分及术前PSA水平≥20μg/L患者癌组织中NRG1、HER3阳性率大于TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、Gleason评分≤7分及术前PSA水平<20μg/L(χ^(2)/P=6.181/0.013,8.533/0.003;7.731/0.005,6.769/0.009;6.508/0.011,7.376/0.007)。NRG1阳性组、HER3阳性组3年累积无进展生存率分别低于NRG1阴性组、HER3阴性组(χ^(2)/P=4.267/0.039,5.499/0.019)。TNM分期Ⅲ期、Gleason评分>7分、术前PSA≥20μg/L、NRG1阳性,HER3阳性是影响PC患者预后的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.448(1.118~1.875),1.401(1.138~1.724),1.353(1.059~1.728),1.338(1.057~1.692),1.293(1.014~1.649)]。结论PC癌组织中NRG1、HER3表达升高,与PC不良临床病理特征相关,是新的评估PC预后的肿瘤标志物。

胃癌组织中SDF-1、HER2及Slug表达与患者临床病理特征的相关性

目的分析基质细胞衍生因子1(SDF-1)、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)、锌指转录因子(Slug)在胃癌组织内的表达及与患者临床病理特征间的关系。方法选取73例胃癌患者,采集其癌组织与癌旁正常组织,以免疫组织化学法检测对比两者SDF-1、HER2及Slug的表达差异;另收集患者的年龄等资料,统计分析SDF-1、HER2及Slug表达与胃癌患者各项临床病理特征间的联系。结果癌组织的SDF-1、HER2、Slug阳性表达率高于癌旁正常组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SDF-1、HER2、Slug阳性表达与胃癌患者的年龄、性别无关(P>0.05),与患者的临床分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度有关(P<0.05)。结论SDF-1、HER2、Slug在胃癌组织内呈异常高表达,且其参与胃癌的侵袭、发展过程。

Human insulin-like growth factor 1-transfected umbilical cord blood neural stem cell transplantation improves hypoxic-ischemic brain injury

Human insulin-like growth factor 1-transfected umbilical cord blood neural stem cells were transplanted into a hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rat model via the tail vein. BrdU-positive cells at day 7 post-transplantation, as well as nestin- and neuron specific enolase-positive cells at day 14 were increased compared with those of the single neural stem cell transplantation group. In addition, the proportion of neuronal differentiation was enhanced. The genetically modified cell-transplanted rats exhibited enhanced performance in correctly crossing a Y-maze and climbing an angled slope compared with those of the single neural stem cell transplantation group. These results showed that human insulin-like growth factor 1-transfected neural stem cell transplantation promotes the recovery of the leaming, memory and motor functions in hypoxic-ischemic rats.

miRNA-106a在人淋巴瘤Jurkat细胞中的表达及作用机制

目的探讨miRNA-106a在人淋巴瘤Jurkat细胞中的表达及作用机制。方法取对数生长期人淋巴瘤Jurkat细胞,分别向培养基中加入5 ml生理盐水配制的浓度为0、0.5、1.0、1.5μg/ml的多柔比星,取健康体检者(对照组)的单个核细胞。采用定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测miRNA-106a以及视网膜母细胞瘤1(RB1)、E2F转录因子1(E2F1)、胱天蛋白酶3(caspase 3)mRNA的表达水平,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞增殖能力,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡能力,采用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测RB1、E2F1、caspase 3蛋白的表达水平。结果0μg/ml多柔比星干预人淋巴瘤Jurkat细胞miRNA-106a的表达水平明显高于对照组单个核细胞(P﹤0.01)。随多柔比星浓度升高、作用时间延长,miRNA-106a表达水平逐渐降低,光密度(OD)值逐渐降低,细胞增殖抑制率(IR)和凋亡率均逐渐升高,RB1、caspase 3 mRNA及其蛋白的表达水平均逐渐升高,E2F1 mRNA及其蛋白的表达水平均逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,miRNA-106a与RB1、caspase 3的表达均呈负相关(P﹤0.01),与E2F1的表达呈正相关(P﹤0.01)。结论miRNA-106a在人淋巴瘤Jurkat细胞中高表达,其可能通过调控RB/E2F1通路相关蛋白的表达来调节淋巴瘤进展。

Increased Expression and Activity of MMP-9 in C-reactive Protein-induced Human THP-1 Mononuclear Cells Is Related to Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B

The relation between the expression and activity of MMP-9 in C-reactive protein （CRP）-induced human THP-1 mononuclear cells and the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） was studied to investigate the possible role of CRP in plaque destabilization. Human THP-1 cells were incubated in the presence of CRP at 0 （control group）, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL （CRP groups） for 24 h. In PDTC （a specific NF-κB inhibitor） group, the cells were pre-treated with PDTC at 10 μmol/L and then with 100 μg/mL CRP. The conditioned media （CM） and human THP-1 cells in different groups were harvested. MMP-9 expression in CM and human THP-1 cells was measured by ELISA and Western blotting. MMP-9 activity was assessed by fluorogenic substrates. The expression of NF-κB inhibitor α （IκB-α） and NF-κB p65 was detected by Western blotting and ELISA respectively. The results showed that CRP increased the expression and activity of MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner in the human THP-1 cells. Western blotting revealed that IiB-α expression was decreased in the cells with the concentrations of CRP and ELISA demonstrated that NF-κB p65 expression in the CRP-induced cells was increased. After pre-treatment of the cells with PDTC at 10 μmol/L, the decrease in IκB-α expression and the increase in NF-κB p65 expression in the CRP-induced cells were inhibited, and the expression and activity of MMP-9 were lowered too. It is concluded that increased expression and activity of MMP-9 in CRP-induced human THP-1 cells may be associated with activation of NF-κB. Down-regulation of the expression and activity of MMP-9 may be a new treatment alternative for plaque stabilization by inhibiting the NF-κB activation.

Study on the expression and mutation of human telomeric repeat binding factor (hTRF1) in 10 malignant hematopoietic cell lines

Objective： Detecting the expression and mutation of human telomeric repeat binding factor （hTRF1） in 10 malignant hematopoietic cell line cells on the base of determining its genomic structure and its four pseudogenes to clarify ifhTRF1 mutation is one of the factors of the activation of telomerase. Methods： hTRFlcDNA sequences were obtained from GenBank, its genome structure and pseudogenes were forecasted by BLAST and other biology information programs and then testified by sequencing. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of h TRFlmRNA in 10 cell line cells, including myelogenous leukemia cell lines K562, HL-60, U-937, NB4, THP-I, HEL and Dami; lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines 6T-CEM, Jurkat and Raji. Telomerase activities of cells were detected by using telomeric repeat amplification （TRAP）-ELISA protocol. PCR and sequencing were used to detect mutation of each exon ofhTRF1 in 10 cell line cells. Results： hTRF1 gene, mapped to 8q13, was divided into 10 exons and spans 38.6 kb. Four processed pseudogenes ofhTRF1 located on chromosome 13, 18, 21 and X respectively, was named as ψhTRFI-13, ψhTRFI-18, ψhTRF1-21 and ψhTRFI-X respectively. All cell line cells showed positive telomerase activity. The expression of hTRF1 was significantly lower in malignant hematopoietic cell lines cells （0.0338, 0.0108-0.0749） than in normal mononuclear cells （0.0493, 0.0369-0.128） （P=0.004）. But no significant mutation was found in all exons of hTRF1 in 10 cell line cells. Four variants were found in part ofintron 1, 2 and 8 ofhTRF1. Their infection on gene function is unknown and needs further studies. Conclusion： hTRF1 mutation is probably not one of the main factors for telomerase activation in malignant hematopoietic disease.

多巴丝肼、普拉克索联合治疗帕金森病的效果及对PARK2、CKMT1A、Netrin-1的影响

目的探究多巴丝肼、普拉克索联合治疗帕金森病(PD)的效果及对人帕金森病蛋白2(PARK2)、线粒体肌酸激酶1A(CKMT1A)及神经轴突导向因子1(Netrin-1)的影响。方法选择2021年7月至2023年6月于新乡医学院第一附属医院治疗的PD患者108例为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组54例。对照组行多巴丝肼治疗,试验组行多巴丝肼、普拉克索联合治疗。观察两组治疗前后PD严重程度,认知功能水平,睡眠障碍情况,血清PARK2、CKMT1A、Netrin-1水平和不良反应。结果治疗后,试验组统一PD评定量表(UPDRS)各分项得分及总分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组血清PARK2、Netrin-1水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),血清CKMT1A水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组总有效率大于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论多巴丝肼、普拉克索联合治疗PD可缓解患者症状,提高其认知功能及睡眠质量,改善血清PARK2、CKMT1A、Netrin-1水平。

STING、ZEB1在老年宫颈癌患者中的表达及与HPV感染的相关性

目的探讨干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)、E盒锌指结合蛋白1(ZEB1)在老年宫颈癌(CCA)患者中的表达变化及与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的相关性。方法选取2021年1月至2022年9月于该院行病理检验的CCA患者62例为CCA组,宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)患者65例为CIN组,正常宫颈者63例为对照组,观察记录各组患者宫颈STING、ZEB1阳性表达率及高危HPV感染情况,并分析STING、ZEB1水平与CCA临床病理特征及高危HPV感染情况的相关性。结果CCA组STING、ZEB1阳性表达率高于CIN组及对照组,CIN组ZEB1水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CCA组HPV16、18检出率高于CIN组及对照组,CIN组HPV16、18检出率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CCA患者浸润深度、国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期与STING、ZEB1阳性表达率有关(P<0.05),肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移与STING阳性表达率有关(P<0.05),CCA患者STING、ZEB1阳性表达率与HPV16、18感染率呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论CCA患者STING、ZEB1阳性表达较高其表达量与FIGO分期、宫颈癌浸润深度、HPV16、18感染有关。STING、ZEB1可能与HPV16、18共同作用于CCA的发生、发展。

PD-L1和CD8在HER2阳性乳腺癌患者中的表达及其与病理参数相关性分析

目的通过评估程序性死亡受体配体1(programmed cell death-ligand 1,PD-L1)和分化群8(cluster of differentiation 8,CD8)在肿瘤微环境中的表达情况及其与患者临床病理特征的相关性,明确PD-L1和CD8在判断人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)阳性乳腺癌患者预后方面的作用。方法选取2016年10月至2018年10月山东省滕州市中心人民医院收治的HER2阳性乳腺癌患者65例,所有患者均为女性。癌组织切片经免疫组织化学方法标记PD-L1和CD8;收集患者的临床病理资料,包括年龄、组织学分级、P53、KI-67、雌激素受体、孕激索受体、肿瘤淋巴结转移分类(tumor node metastasis classification,TNM)分期在内的7项与预后相关的临床病理参数。分别分析PD-L1和CD8的表达是否和上述临床病理参数相关。结果PD-L1阳性表达率为21.5%,PD-L1阳性表达与组织学分级和TNM分期相关,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.250,P=0.044;χ^(2)=13.730,P=0.001);CD8阳性表达率为21.5%,CD8表达与组织学分级和TNM分期相关,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.023,P=0.018;χ^(2)=6.117,P=0.047)。结论PD-L1和CD8表达与乳腺癌组织学分级和TNM分期相关,可能是HER2阳性乳腺癌患者重要的预后标志物。

慢病毒载体介导的类固醇生成因子-1沉默调控子宫内膜基质细胞蜕膜化与自噬

目的探讨慢病毒载体介导的类固醇生成因子-1(SF-1)沉默对人子宫内膜基质细胞(hESCs)蜕膜化进程的影响及机制。方法收集子宫内膜异位症(EM)患者与正常妊娠者的子宫内膜组织,通过Real-time PCR和免疫组织化学染色检测SF-1的差异表达情况。从正常妊娠者的子宫内膜组织中分离并鉴定hESCs,将hESCs分为对照组、雌二醇(E_(2))+孕酮(P4)组、短发夹RNA(shRNA,sh)-正常对照(NC)+E_(2)+P4组、sh-SF-1+E_(2)+P4组,进行对应处理后,倒置显微镜下观察hESCs形态变化,Real-time PCR和Western blotting分别检测细胞内人胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP-1)、泌乳素(PRL)的mRNA表达水平和蛋白表达水平,流式细胞术测定细胞周期分布,免疫荧光染色观察细胞内自噬标记物微管相关蛋白轻链3(LC3)表达情况,Western blotting测定细胞内自噬相关蛋白LC3-Ⅱ、LC3-Ⅰ、Beclin-1表达水平。结果EM患者子宫内膜组织中SF-1 mRNA相对表达量和SF-1蛋白阳性率均高于正常妊娠者子宫内膜组织(P<0.05)。与sh-NC+E_(2)+P4组比较,sh-SF-1+E_(2)+P4组细胞多为长梭形,未见明显蜕膜化,IGFBP1、PRL的mRNA相对表达量与蛋白相对表达量均显著下调(P<0.05),G_(0)/G_(1)期细胞比例显著减少而S期细胞比例显著增加(P<0.05),细胞内LC3荧光表达增强,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值显著升高,Beclin-1蛋白相对表达量也显著上调(P<0.05)。结论EM患者子宫内膜组织内SF-1表达升高,通过慢病毒载体介导的SF-1沉默能够抑制hESCs蜕膜化过程,该作用可能与调控细胞自噬水平相关。

重组人生长激素治疗对身材矮小症患儿血清IGF-1、Ghrelin及LP水平的影响

目的探讨重组人生长激素(rhGH)治疗对身材矮小症患儿的疗效及其对血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、饥饿激素(Ghrelin)及瘦素(LP)水平的影响。方法选择该院2021年1—12月收治的身材矮小症患儿79例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组39例和观察组40例。对照组采用加强营养,并补充钙质、微量元素和各种维生素等常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上给予rhGH治疗,两组治疗时间均为12个月。比较两组患儿治疗前和治疗12个月后身高、生长速度、身高标准差积分(HtSDS)及血清IGF-1、Ghrelin、LP水平变化,比较两组不良反应发生情况。结果治疗前,两组患儿身高、生长速度、HtSDS及血清IGF-1、Ghrelin、LP水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗12个月后,两组患儿身高、HtSDS及血清IGF-1、LP水平均高于治疗前,生长速度均快于治疗前,血清Ghrelin水平均低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿治疗12个月后身高、HtSDS及血清IGF-1、LP水平均高于对照组,生长速度快于对照组,血清Ghrelin水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组患儿治疗期间未出现任何不良反应,观察组治疗期间出现甲状腺功能减退1例,膝部疼痛2例,但两组患儿不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论rhGH可有效改善身材矮小症患儿血清IGF-1、Ghrelin及LP水平,促进患儿生长,临床疗效满意,安全性高,值得临床应用。

槐杞黄通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路减轻高糖诱导的HK-2细胞氧化应激

目的:探讨槐杞黄(HQH)是否通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路减轻高糖诱导的HK-2细胞氧化应激。方法:将HK-2细胞随机分为:正常组、渗透压对照组、高糖组、槐杞黄组和卡托普利组。采用CCK-8法检测细胞活力;荧光探针检测ROS水平;试剂盒检测SOD活性、MDA和GSH含量;免疫荧光法检测Nrf2的表达;qRT-PCR法检测IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α以及Nrf2/HO-1 mRNA表达水平;Western blot法检测Nrf2/HO-1通路的表达。结果:与正常组比较,高糖组细胞存活率明显降低(P<0.0001);细胞中ROS、MDA含量升高(P<0.0001),SOD和GSH活性降低(P<0.0001);Nrf2的表达降低;IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-αmRNA表达量均明显升高(P<0.001);Nrf2/HO-1蛋白和mRNA表达量明显减少(P<0.001);与高糖组相比,槐杞黄组细胞存活率明显升高(P<0.05);细胞中ROS、MDA含量明显降低(P<0.0001),SOD和GSH活性升高(P<0.01);Nrf2的表达增加;IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-αmRNA表达量明显降低(P<0.01);Nrf2/HO-1蛋白和mRNA表达量均明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:槐杞黄可能通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路,提高机体抗氧化水平,改善高糖诱导的HK-2细胞氧化损伤。

广西崇左市扶绥县HIV-1分子传播网络特征分析

目的:分析广西崇左市扶绥县艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者的分子传播网络特征,并确定造成分子网络聚簇传播和高风险传播的危险因素。方法:采集崇左市扶绥县2005—2021年确诊的HIV/艾滋病(AIDS)患者血样。通过扩增HIV-1 pol区序列比对分析,构建分子传播网络。运用二元logistic回归分析入网和高危传播的影响因素。结果:本研究共获得扶绥县349条HIV-1 pol区序列,6种亚型,分别为CRF01_AE亚型(49.86%)、CRF07_BC亚型(32.38%)、CRF08_BC亚型(14.33%)、CRF55_01B亚型(1.14%)、C亚型(0.29%)、独特重组型(URF)(2.00%)。192条(55.01%)序列进入分子传播网络,形成31个簇、192个节点和736条边。年龄>50岁(a OR=1.861,95%CI:1.009~3.433)、感染CRF07_BC亚型毒株(a OR=4.386,95%CI:2.533~7.594)、文化程度为小学及以下(a OR=1.709,95%CI:1.070~2.729)、有非婚商业异性性接触史(a OR=1.682,95%CI:1.027~2.753),配偶或固定性伴阳性(a OR=2.428,95%CI:1.181~4.995)的患者更容易进入传播网络聚簇传播。年龄>50岁(a OR=1.861,95%CI:1.009~3.433),感染CRF07_BC亚型(a OR=4.386,95%CI:2.533~7.594),文化程度为小学及以下(a OR=1.699,95%CI:1.004~2.874)的患者更容易成为传播网络中的高连接者。结论:广西崇左市扶绥县AIDS传播的关键人群是年龄>50岁且文化程度为小学及以下的中老年人群,应针对重点人群的在分子网络中的传播聚簇特点进行溯源调查,并实施精准干预,减少二代传播。