Improvement in human immunodeficiency virus-1/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients' well-being following administration of “Phyto V7”

AIM:To corroborate the capacity of Phyto V7,a complex of phytochemicals,to improve the physical well-being of human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1) infected and acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients not undergoing antiretroviral treatment.METHODS:Two hundred and thirty nine HIV-1 seropositive male and female voluntary inmates were recruited through the Uruguay National Program of AIDS.The study participants received for 90 consecutive days every eight hours two tablets(760 mg/each) of Phyto V7,containing a mix of the following phytochemicals:flavonols(Kaempferol,Quercetin),flavones(Apigenin,Luteolin),hydroxycinnamic acids(ferrulic acid),carotenoids(Lutein,Lycopene,Beta carotene) and organosulfur compounds,all from vegetal origin.The participants did not receive any antiretroviral treatment during the study.At days 0,30,60 and 90(± 2 d) the participants were evaluated for body mass index(BMI),tolerance to Phyto V7 and Index of Quality of Life based on the Karfnosky scale.ANOVA,Tukey Post-test,χ2 test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to analyze the effect of treatment.RESULTS:One hundred and nighty nine study participants finished the study.Already after 30 d of Phyto V7 consumption,the weight,BMI and Karnofsky score statistically significantly improved(P < 0.001),and continued to improve until the end of the study.The mean weight gain per participant during the 90 d wasof 1.21 kg(approximately 2% of body weight).The overall increase in the mean Karnofsky score after 90 d was 14.08%.The lower the BMI and Karnofsky score of the participants were at the beginning of the study,the more notorious was the improvement over time.For example,the mean increment of Index of Quality of Life,among the participants with an initial Karnofsky score of 5 or below(n = 33) from day 0 to day 90,was of 35.67%(0.476 ± 0.044 vs 0.645 ± 0.09; P < 0.001).The tolerability to Phyto V7 was very good and no adverse reactions were recorded or reported.CONCLUSION:Administration of the Phyto V7 can be an important tool to improve the well-being of HIV-1 seropositive individuals and AIDS patients,not undergoing antiretroviral treatment.

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Using drug from mathematical perceptive

Entry of acquired immune deficiency syndrome virus into the host immune cell involves the participation of various components of host and viral cell unit. These components may be categorized as attachment of the viral surface envelope protein subunit, gp120, to the CD4+ receptor and chemokine coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4, present on T cell surface. The viral fusion protein, gp41, the second cleaved subunit of Env undergoes reconfiguration and the membrane fusion reaction itself. Since the CD4+ T cell population is actively involved; the ultimate outcome of human immunodeficiency virus infection is total collapse of the host immune system. Mathematical modeling of the stages in viral membrane protein-host cell receptor-coreceptor interaction and the effect of antibody vaccine on the viral entry into the susceptible host cell has been carried out using as impulsive differential equations. We have studied the effect of antibody vaccination and determined analytically the threshold value of drug dosage and dosing interval for optimum levels of infection. We have also investigated the effect of perfect adherence of drug dose on the immune cell count in extreme cases and observed that systematic drug dosage of the immune cells leads to longer and improved lives.

Investigation of perceived stigma among people living with human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Henan Province, China

Purpose:To investigate the level of and factors influencing perceived stigma and discrimination among people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(PLWHA)in Henan Province.Methods:In total,161 PLWHA from Zhengzhou and Zhenping were investigated using the Berger HIV stigma scale.Results:The mean Berger stigma scale score was 105.70±15.20,indicating a middle stigma level.Among the four subscales of the Berger stigma scale,the disclosure concerns score was highest,while the negative self-image score was lowest.Multivariate analyses showed that factors influencing perceived HIV stigma included the level of education and route of infection.Conclusion:The level of perceived HIV stigma and discrimination among PLWHA in Henan Province is moderate and was affected by the level of education and route of infection.Special intervention should be established to address this problem.

Elevated homocysteine levels in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy: A meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the association between the levels of homocysteine(Hcy), folate, vitamin B12 in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients who were treated with antiretroviral therapy(ART) or not treated with ART.METHODS: The Pub Med and Scielo databases were searched. Eligible studies regarding plasma Hcy level in HIV-infected patients were firstly identified. After careful analysis by two independent researches, the identified articles were included in the review according to two outcomes(1) Hcy, folate and vitamin B12 blood concentration in HIV-infected subjects vs health controls and;(2) Hcy blood concentration in HIV-infected subjects under ART vs not treated with ART. RevM an(version 5.2) was employed for data synthesis.RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were included in outcome 1(1649 participants, 932 cases and 717 controls). Outcome 1 meta-analysis demonstrated higher plasma Hcy(2.05 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.10 to 4.00, P < 0.01) and decreased plasma folate concentrations(-2.74 ng/m L; 95%CI:-5.18 to-0.29, P < 0.01) in HIV-infected patients compared to healthy controls. No changes in vitamin B12 plasma concentration were observed between groups. All studies included in the outcome 2 meta-analysis(1167 participants; 404 HIVinfected exposed to ART and 757 HIV-infected non-ART patients) demonstrated higher mean Hcy concentration in subjects HIV-infected under ART compared to nonART HIV subjects(4.13 μmol/L; 95%CI: 1.34 to 6.92, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the levels of Hcy and folate, but not vitamin B12, were associated with HIV infection. In addition, Hcy levels were higher in HIV-infected patients who were under ART compared to HIV-infected patients who were not exposed to ART. Our results suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia should be included among the several important metabolic disturbances that are associated with ART in patients with HIV infection.

Bilateral Central Retinal Vein Occlusions Combined with Artery Occlusions in A Patient with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Purpose: This is the first report of a bilateral nonischemic central retinal vein occlusionscombined with artery occlusions in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). Methods: Case report. Results: A 22-year-old Chinese(male) with a positive human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection developed bilateral nonischemic central retinal vein occlusions combinedwith artery occlusions and severe vision loss. The manifestations of the fundus andfluorescein angiography were similar in both eyes.Conclusion: This case report provides the evidences that central retinal vein and arteryocclusions are probably part of the spectrum of AIDS vascular diseases.

The default mode network is affected in the early stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection:a longitudinal study

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection can lead to cognitive dysfunction represented by changes in the default mode network.Most recent studies have been cross-sectional and thus have not revealed dynamic changes in the default mode network following acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection and antiretroviral therapy.Specifically,when brain imaging data at only one time point are analyzed,determining the duration at which the default mode network is the most effective following antiretroviral therapy after the occurrence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.However,because infection times and other factors are often uncertain,longitudinal studies cannot be conducted directly in the clinic.Therefore,in this study,we performed a longitudinal study on the dynamic changes in the default mode network over time in a rhesus monkey model of simian immunodeficiency virus infection.We found marked changes in default mode network connectivity in 11 pairs of regions of interest at baseline and 10 days and 4 weeks after virus inoculation.Significant interactions between treatment and time were observed in the default mode network connectivity of regions of interest pairs area 31/V6.R and area 8/frontal eye field(FEF).L,area 8/FEF.L and caudal temporal parietal occipital area(TPOC).R,and area 31/V6.R and TPOC.L.ART administered 4 weeks after infection not only interrupted the progress of simian immunodeficiency virus infection but also preserved brain function to a large extent.These findings suggest that the default mode network is affected in the early stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection and that it may serve as a potential biomarker for early changes in brain function and an objective indicator for making early clinical intervention decisions.

Twenty years of human immunodeficiency virus care at the Mayo Clinic:Past,present and future

The Mayo human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Clinic has been providing patient centered care for persons living with HIV in Minnesota and beyond for the past 20 years. Through multidisciplinary engagement, vital clinical outcomes such as retention in care, initiation of antiretroviral therapy and virologic suppression are maximized. In this commentary, we describe the history of the Mayo HIV Clinic and its best practices, providing a "Mayo Model" of HIV care that exceeds national outcomes and may be applicable in other settings.

Factors Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Defaulting among Adult Patients Receiving Care at Chikankata Mission Hospital, Chikankata District, Zambia

Background: Defaulting on antiretroviral therapy has been identified as the most important factor contributing to the antiretroviral therapy failure rate. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with defaulting on antiretroviral therapy among adult patients receiving care at Chikankata Mission Hospital antiretroviral therapy clinic. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study on 385 participants selected by a computer generated random numbers technique of simple random sampling from among the patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Chikankata Mission Hospital. Data collected were processed and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 27. Univariate and backward multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with antiretroviral therapy defaulting. The level of significance was set at 5% with a confidence level of 95%. Results: Over half (58.4%) of the study participants defaulted on antiretroviral therapy. About 65.8% of study participants indicated improved health as the reason they defaulted on antiretroviral therapy. Most participants indicated that it was important to always go for antiretroviral therapy services (Adjusted Odds Ratio 1.95;95% Confidence Interval: [1.14 - 3.33], p = 0.015). Very few participants indicated poor family support for antiretroviral therapy services (Adjusted Odds Ratio 4.08;95% Confidence Interval: [2.02 - 8.23], p Conclusion: Defaulting on antiretroviral therapy continues to be a significant problem and needs to be addressed as a matter of priority. More counselling and awareness-raising programmes are required to improve knowledge and understanding on the importance of attending scheduled antiretroviral therapy clinics and services as well as the consequences of defaulting on antiretroviral therapy.

Activation-induced pyroptosis contributes to the loss of MAIT cells in chronic HIV-1 infected patients

Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT) cells are systemically depleted in human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) infected patients and are not replenished even after successful combined antiretroviral therapy(cART).This study aimed to identify the mechanism underlying MAIT cell depletion.Methods: In the present study, we applied flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the characteristics of pyroptotic MAIT cells in a total of 127 HIV-1 infected individuals, including 69 treatment-naive patients, 28 complete responders, 15 immunological non-responders, and 15 elite controllers, at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.Results: Single-cell transcriptomic profiles revealed that circulating MAIT cells from HIV-1 infected subjects were highly activated, with upregulation of pyroptosis-related genes. Further analysis revealed that increased frequencies of pyroptotic MAIT cells correlated with markers of systemic T-cell activation, microbial translocation, and intestinal damage in cART-naive patients and poor CD4+ T-cell recovery in long-term cART patients. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that MAIT cells in the gut mucosa of HIV-1 infected patients exhibited a strong active gasdermin-D(GSDMD, marker of pyroptosis) signal near the cavity side, suggesting that these MAIT cells underwent active pyroptosis in the colorectal mucosa. Increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12(IL-12) and IL-18 were observed in HIV-1 infected patients. In addition, activated MAIT cells exhibited an increased pyroptotic phenotype after being triggered by HIV-1 virions, T-cell receptor signals, IL-12 plus IL-18, and combinations of these factors, in vitro.Conclusions: Activation-induced MAIT cell pyroptosis contributes to the loss of MAIT cells in HIV-1 infected patients,which could potentiate disease progression and poor immune reconstitution.

A rare cause of drug-induced hepatitis in an immunocompromised patient and the role of glutathione

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning on numerous herbal drugs, including many popular products at General Nutrition Centers (GNC), regarding unstudied hepatotoxicity. There have been recent reports of GNC products such as hydroxycut and herbalife, causing drug-induced hepatitis. Herbal medications are over-the-counter products and are not investigated thoroughly by the FDA. Given that the mostcommon outpatient laboratory abnormality is elevated liver transaminases, a sign of hepatocellular toxicity; it is not surprising that some of these products end up causing hepatic dysfunction, especially when taken in large volume. There are numerous herbal supplements that are hepatotoxic, however, these medications have a much more significant effect in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients, which is secondary to depleted glutathione. We present a rare case of drug induced hepatitis secondary to herbal medications used to treat HIV and elucidate the role of glutathione depletion in immunocompromised patients.

Fundus manifestations and HIV viral loads of AIDS patients before and after HAART

AIM: To investigate the fundus manifestations and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) viral loads of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients before and after highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART).METHODS: This retrospective study included 21 AIDS patients(42 eyes) who presented to the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, from 2007 to 2011. Among the patients, 16 showed a good response to HAART, 3 presented drug resistance and 2 were pre-HAART. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations. The HIV viral loads and the CD4+ T-cell counts were also determined.RESULTS: The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) of 38 eyes(19 patients) was improved, and cytomegalovirus retinitis(CMVR) in 5 eyes(3 patients) regressed after HAART. Furthermore, 16 patients treated with effective HAART had decreased plasma HIV viral loads(<78 copies/mL)and increased CD4+ T-cell counts(343±161 cells/μL, P<0.005), but the HIV viral load in tears was still detected at 2404 copies/mL. The CD4+ T-cell count was lower in the CMVR group than in the non-CMVR group(P=0.022), but the HIV viral load in the tears was not significantly different between the two groups(P=0.439).CONCLUSION: Most patients with AIDS show a good viral response with a decreased HIV viral load and an increased CD4+ T-cell count in plasma after HAART. However, the HIV viral load remain quite high in the tear samples. Based on our results, we suggest that AIDS patients undergo long-term HAART that should not be interrupted.

艾博韦泰联合多替拉韦治疗HIV感染/AIDS多重耐药1例报道

随着抗反转录病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy,ART)的快速启动和推广,HIV感染已成为一种可以治疗的慢性传染病,然而治疗期间若ART不规范或患者依从性差可引起耐药变异。本研究报道1例30岁多重耐药HIV感染者使用艾博韦泰(albuvirtide,ABT)联合多替拉韦(dolutegravir,DTG)的治疗经过。患者治疗失败后行HIV耐药检测,结果显示患者对核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂、非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂及蛋白酶抑制剂中的多种药物存在不同程度耐药,在既往药物中仅对整合酶抑制剂类药物敏感。结合患者HIV耐药检测结果,治疗方案更换为“ABT+DTG”,患者病毒复制被成功抑制,且患者在8个月治疗过程中免疫功能逐步提升。而后因个人原因,患者短暂停用“ABT+DTG”治疗1个月,免疫水平下降,病毒载量出现反跳。后行“ABT+DTG”方案治疗至2023年3月,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数平稳升高至291×10^(6)个/L,病毒载量持续降低至小于40×10^(3)copies/L,治疗期间患者耐受性及安全性较好。提示ABT联合DTG方案是HIV多重耐药患者一种新的治疗选择。

深圳市龙岗区新发现≥50岁患者HIV感染/AIDS流行趋势特征和定量预测

目的掌握≥50岁患者的HIV感染/AIDS流行趋势特征,并进行定量预测,为指导疫情防控和风险评估提供科学依据。方法用描述流行病学方法分析深圳市龙岗区2018-2023年新发现≥50岁患者HIV感染/AIDS的趋势特征,用缓冲算子序列建立灰色均值GM(1,1)模型进行趋势判定和定量预测。结果2018-2023年深圳市龙岗区新发现≥50岁HIV感染/ADIS患者271例,年均(45±11)例;男/女性别比3.44∶1,50~59岁占62.37%,职业分布较广,以家务及待业(37.27%)和商业服务(15.87%)较多,已婚或有配偶占53.51%,初中以下文化占62.36%,外市户籍占81.18%;感染途径以异性传播(71.22%)为主,非婚异性性接触史高(63.10%);发现途径以医疗机构检测发现(76.38%)为主。各年≥50岁HIV感染/ADIS患者在人群特征、感染途径和检测样本来源等分布上未呈现趋势变化(P>0.05);在当年新发现HIV感染/ADIS患者构成比呈现出增长趋势(P<0.05)。建立的弱化算子GM(1,1)灰色模型优秀,平均相对误差<2.0%,精度>98.0%,发展系数为0.05,患者数呈增长趋势,预测2024-2028年≥50岁患者年发现数将可能从62例增长至75例。结论深圳市龙岗区≥50岁HIV感染/ADIS患者在构成占比和患者数上均呈增长趋势,应重点关注≥50岁HIV感染/ADIS患者,针对老年人群加强宣传教育、制定和完善AIDS综合干预和防治体系。灰色GM(1,1)预测模型可用于≥50岁人群中HIV感染/AIDS流行趋势判定和定量预测,对风险定量评估和疫情防控具有较好的指导意义。

HIV阳性患者个体化网络程序的可用性评价

目的评价人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)阳性患者症状网络个体化程序的可用性。方法于2023年12月-2024年2月选取上海市公共卫生临床中心艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)自愿咨询门诊就诊的HIV感染者、中心个案管理师等为研究对象。并基于“以用户为中心的理念”,对HIV患者个体化网络程序依次进行简捷形成性可用性评价、全面形成性可用性评价以及总结性可用性评价,收集量性及质性数据。结果研究共纳入22位研究对象,完成了三阶段的可用性评价,对所收集的质性资料编码归类后,形成了4个主题,对于评价过程中发现的部分问题及时进行了修正。结论该程序的功能基本符合设计者的要求,满足用户期望,不存在明显的可用性问题。为后续程序改进、个性化患者症状管理方案设计及临床推广打下基础。

抗获得性免疫缺陷综合征复方制剂研究进展

目的综述复方制剂在获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)治疗领域的开发原则及要求,总结抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)的简化方案,为寻求最佳的药物治疗方案提供参考。方法通过检索国内外相关文献及数据库,对已上市的复方制剂进行整理、分析和归纳。结果目前已上市的抗AIDS复方制剂可以简化ART方案,提高用药依从性,减少药物毒副作用,降低药物负担,提高患者生活质量。结论抗AIDS的复方制剂在治疗方面具有显著优势,但该病的治疗和药物研发仍然存在着重大临床需求,需进一步深入研究。

艾滋病人群家庭生态在疾病管理中的困境与反思

目的:分析艾滋病人群在疾病发生、发展进程中家庭因素的作用与面对的问题。方法:采用定量与定性的混合型研究设计,在北京市某艾滋病定点医疗机构便利性抽样选取375例艾滋病确诊病人,采用网络问卷形式采集参与者的基本人口学资料、家庭现况,继而采用目的抽样法选取8例答卷者进行访谈,最终将两部分资料进行整合,分析家庭相关因素在疾病管理中的作用。结果:单因素分析结果显示,不同职业状况(χ^(2)=17.369,P=0.026)、家庭月收入(χ^(2)=26.542,P<0.001)、家庭居住区域(χ^(2)=13.823,P=0.001)的艾滋病病人CD_(4)^(+) T淋巴细胞计数比较差异有统计学意义。定性研究部分的资料分析最终提炼出3个主题,分别为爱与被爱中提升与坚持;愧疚与负累中被迫远离;耻辱中无法面对长辈亲情。定性与定量结果的汇总分析呈现出家庭在艾滋病人群疾病管理中的特殊意义。结论:家庭在艾滋病人群内心中呈现出的两面性仍然提示在未来疾病管理中的无限潜能。在遵循伦理的背景下,冲破传统保守认知的束缚,探讨基于家庭生态的良性互助照护模式将成为未来思考的方向。而要实现家庭生态客观因素的积极正向作用,则需要国家政策层面的大力扶持与变革。

艾滋病非刑罪化视阈下我国防控策略的伦理思考

审视我国现有法规对艾滋病防控的影响,剖析其在维护个体权益与促进公共卫生平衡中的挑战,以实证案例和艾滋病悖论为切入点,分析艾滋病刑事定罪涉及的伦理问题,提出科学、伦理和法律方面的应对策略。强调将艾滋病病毒传播作为一个公共卫生问题加以解决是最为有效的手段。在法规制定和司法实践中,应纳入科学事实和医学证据,避免过于宽泛的刑事定罪。在决策过程中,应全面考量生命伦理学原则,最大限度避免可能的交叉歧视、多重污名以及暴力伤害。此外,还应重视公共卫生视角下的补充或替代方案,确保干预措施积极有效。

PBMCs中miR-21、miR-223表达与HIV/AIDS患者抗逆转录病毒治疗效果的相关性

目的探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者抗逆转录病毒治疗效果与外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中微小RNA(miR)-21、miR-223表达水平的关系。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月期间南通市第三人民医院门诊就诊行抗逆转录病毒治疗的142例HIV/AIDS患者为观察组,根据其治疗效果分为有效组(n=110)和无效组(n=32);选取同期体检健康者139例为对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法检测PBMCs中miR-21、miR-223表达水平;采用多因素Logistic回归分析HIV/AIDS患者抗逆转录病毒治疗无效的影响因素。结果观察组PBMCs中miR-21、miR-223表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。无效组治疗后3个月、治疗后6个月、治疗后12个月的PBMCs中miR-21、miR-223表达水平均高于有效组(P<0.05)。有效组随治疗时间延长,PBMCs中miR-21、miR-223表达水平逐渐降低(P<0.05)。无效组治疗前世界卫生组织(WHO)分期3期患者比例高于有效组(P<0.05)。miR-21、miR-223、治疗前WHO分期3期是影响HIV/AIDS患者抗逆转录病毒治疗无效的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论miR-21、miR-223在一定程度上可反映HIV/AIDS患者抗逆转录病毒治疗效果,治疗无效患者PBMCs中miR-21、miR-223表达水平相对较高。

MicroRNA-625-5p、CD64对获得性免疫缺陷综合征结核病患者的诊断及预后价值研究

目的探究microRNA-625-5p(miR-625-5p)、CD64对获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)结核病患者的诊断及预后价值。方法选取2020年6月—2022年7月在江西省赣州市第五人民医院住院的76例AIDS患者为研究组。另取同期该院未患结核病的72例AIDS患者为对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测血清miR-625-5p的表达,流式细胞术检测外周血中性粒细胞和单核细胞表面CD64水平。结果研究组miR-625-5p相对表达量低于对照组(P<0.05),CD64水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线结果表明,miR-625-5p、CD64诊断AIDS患者合并结核病的敏感性分别为81.6%(95%CI:0.710,0.895)、82.9%(95%CI:0.725,0.906);特异性分别为66.7%(95%CI:0.546,0.773)、70.8%(95%CI:0.589,0.810)。两者联合诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为85.5%(95%CI:0.756,0.925)、88.9%(95%CI:0.793,0.951)。预后不良组HIV感染时间、CD64水平均高于良好组(P<0.05),CD4^(+)T、miR-625-5p水平均低于良好组(P<0.05)。多因素一般Logistic回归分析结果表明,HIV感染时间[OR=5.484(95%CI:1.874,16.042)]和CD64水平[OR=2.713(95%CI:1.022,7.207)]是患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05);CD4^(+)T水平[OR=0.357(95%CI:0.139,0.918)]和miR-625-5p相对表达量[OR=0.198(95%CI:0.074,0.530)]是患者预后不良的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果表明,miR-625-5p、CD64预测AIDS结核病患者预后的敏感性分别为79.3%(95%CI:0.603,0.920)、72.4%(95%CI:0.528,0.873);特异性分别为76.6%(95%,CI:0.620,0.877)、53.2%(95%CI:0.381,0.679);两者联合预测的敏感性和特异性分别为82.8%(95%CI:0.642,0.942)和78.7%(95%CI:0.643,0.893)。结论microRNA-625-5p和CD64可作为AIDS合并结核病的有效生物标志物,其不仅能提高诊断的准确性,还能预测患者的预后情况。

基于Logistic回归分析艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗依从性的影响因素

目的:获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)简称“艾滋病”,AIDS患者在抗病毒治疗过程中的依从性会对治疗结局产生直接影响,本研究旨在探讨AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性的相关影响因素,为制订改善依从性干预措施提供科学依据。方法:回顾性选取2020年1月至2024年1月在湖南湘江新区定点医院接受抗病毒治疗的418例AIDS患者为调查对象,依据入组前1周内实际按时(推迟或提前服药≤2 h)服药剂量占医嘱应服药剂量的百分率评估所选对象的抗病毒治疗依从性。统计AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性情况,分析AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性的影响因素,并利用多因素Logistic回归分析AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性的危险因素。结果:418例AIDS患者中,抗病毒治疗依从性差者81例,依从性好者337例。依从性差组与依从性好组患者学历、焦虑情况、AIDS基本知识知晓情况、确诊至开始治疗时间、治疗方案(联合用药种类)、用药后不良反应比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,学历为初中及以下[比值比(odds ratio,OR)=1.090)]、焦虑为临界/明显(OR=1.087)、AIDS基本知识不知晓(OR=1.093)、确诊至开始治疗时间为1~256个月(OR=2.757)、治疗方案(联合用药种类)≥3种(OR=2.942)、用药后有不良反应(OR=1.099)是AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性差的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性与学历、焦虑情况、AIDS基本知识知晓情况、确诊至开始治疗时间、治疗方案(联合用药种类)、用药后不良反应密切相关,临床可据此给予AIDS患者针对性的预防策略,以提高其抗病毒治疗依从性。