Effects of paclitaxel on cell proliferation and apoptosis and its mechanism in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells

Objective： To investigate the effect of paclitaxel on cell proliferation and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells line and its mechanism in vitro. Methods ： Cell growth inhibition of paclitaxel on A549 cells was analyzed by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by DNA cytofluorometry, Hoechst33258 staining when treated with paclitaxel for 48 hours. Meanwhile, Cell cycle and apoptotic rate were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were studied by Western Blot. Results： Paclitaxel inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells in a time-and dose-dependant manner. Hoechst33258 staining indicated that apoptosis was induced by paclitaxel. After treated for 48 hours, cell apoptosis rates of 25 nmo1/L, 50 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L paclitaxel groups were 11.52 ± 1.94% ,17.73 ±2.53%, and 29.32 ±5.51% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of control group 5.88 ±1.07%（all P 〈 0.01 ）, and apoptosis rate increased in dose-dependant manner. Meanwhile, G2/M stage cell percentage of 25 nmol/L, 50 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L paclitaxel groups were 42.52 ± 6.25%, 40.46 ± 5.81%, and 35.34 ±6.17% respectively,which were significantly higher than that of control group 22.32 ± 3.30%（all P 〈 0.01 ）; Western blot showed that paclitaxel increased the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in dose-dependant manner. Conclusion： Paclitaxel can inhibit A549 cell proliferation in a time-and dose-dependant manner. Its mechanism may be related to arresting cell cycle in G2/M stage and induce cell apoptosis by up-modulating Bax expression and down-modulating Bcl-2 expression.

Antineoplastic effects of deoxyelephantopin,a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopusscaber, on lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells

OBJECTIVE： Deoxyelephantopin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber, showed inhibition of the growth of various tumor cells in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing capacity of deoxyelephantopin on lung adenocarcinoma （A549） cells. METHODS： The cytotoxic effect of deoxyelephantopin on A549 cells and normal lymphocytes was evaluated using 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay and 50% inhibitory concentration （IC50） value was determined. The self-renewal and proliferating potential of A549 cells after treatment with deoxyelephantopin were examined by colony formation assay. Cellular morphology of deoxyelephantopin-treated cells was observed using phase- contrast microscopy. The induction of apoptosis was evaluated using acddine orange and ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst 33342 staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling （TUNEL） assay, DNA fragmentation analysis and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining by flow cytometry. Activation of caspases was detected using fluorogenic substrate specific to caspases 2, 3, 8 and 9 and flow cytometric analysis. The total cellular DNA content and expression of cleaved poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase was also analyzed. RESULTS： Deoxyelephantopin exhibited cytotoxicity to A549 cells （IC50 = 12.287 μg/mL）, however, there was no toxicity towards normal human lymphocytes. Deoxyelephantopin suppressed the colony-forming ability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Acridine orange, ethidium bromide and Hoechst 33342 staining showed cell shrinkage, chromosomal condensation and nuclear fragmentation, indicating induction of apoptosis. Deoxyelephantopin increased apoptosis of A549 cells, as evidenced by more TUNEL-positive cells. DNA fragmentation and Annexin V staining revealed late-stage apoptotic cell population. Deoxyelephantopin inhibited A549 cell growth by cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induced apoptosis through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. CONCLUSION： These results suggest that deoxyelephantopin has great potential as a new chemotherapeutic agent to be developed further for the treatment of lung cancer.

Effects of PI3K Inhibitor NVP-BKM120 on Acquired Resistance to Gefitinib of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma H1975 Cells

The effects of class I PI3K inhibitor NVP-BKM120 on cell proliferation, cell cycle distri- bution, cellular apoptosis, phosphorylation of several proteins of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the mRNA expression levels of HIFl-ct, VEGF and MMP9 in the acquired gefitinib resistant cell line H1975 were investigated, and whether NVP-BKM120 can overcome the acquired resistance caused by the EGFR T790M mutation and the underlying mechanism were explored. MTT assay was performed to detect the effect of gefitinib, NVP-BKM120, NVP-BKM120 plus 1 ~unol/L gefitinib on growth of H1975 cells. The distribution of cell cycle and apoptosis rate of H1975 cells were examined by using flow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of tumor-related genes such as HIFI-a, VEGF and MMP9 were detected by using real-time quantitative PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the ex- pression level of phosphorylated proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, such as Ser473-p-AKT, Ser235/236-p-S6 and Thr70-p-4E-BP1, as well as total AKT, $6 and 4E-BP1. The results showed that the NVP-BKM120 could inhibit the growth of H1975 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, and H1975 cells were more sensitive to NVP-BKM120 than gefitinib （IC50：1.385 vs. 15.09 ~mol/L respec- tively）, whereas combination of NVP-BKM120 and gefitinib （1 ~trnol/L） did not show more obvious ef- fect than NVP-BKM120 used alone on inhibition of cell growth （P〉0.05）. NVP-BKM120 （1 ~unol/L） increased the proportion ofH1975 cells in G0~G1 phase and the effect was concentration-dependent, and 2 ~maol/L NVP-BKM120 promoted apoptosis ofH1975 cells. There was no significant difference in the proportion of H1975 cells in G0-G1 phase and apoptosis rate between NVP-BKM120-treated alone group and NVP-BKM120 plus genfitinib （1 ~unol/L）-treated group or between DMSO-treated control group and gefitinib （1 Ixmol/L）-treated alone group （P〉0.05 for all）. It was also found that the mRNA expression levels of these genes were down-regulated by NVP-BKM120 （1 ~unol/L）, and NVP-BKM120 （1 ~tmol/L） or NVP-BKM120 （1 pmol/L） plus gefitinib （1 ~tmol/L） obviously inhibited the activation of Akt, $6 and 4E-BP1 as compared with control group, but single use of gefitinib （1 pmol/L） exerted no significant effect. These data suggested that NVP-BKM120 can overcome gefitinib resistance in H1975 cells, and the combination of NVP-BKM120 and gefitinib did not have additive or synergistic effects. It was also concluded that NVP-BKM120 could overcome the acquired resistance to gefitinib by down-regulating the phosphorylated protein in PI3K/AKT signal pathways in H1975 cells, but it could not enhance the sensitivity of H 1975 cells to gefitinib.

Up-Regulation of the Gap Junction Intercellular Communication by Tea Polyphenol in the Human Metastatie Lung Carcinoma Cell Line

Our previous study has proven that tea polyphenol has a role in lung neoplasms. The present communication was to investage the anti-proliferation effect of tea polyphenol on the PG cells, which was a high metastatic human lung carcinoma cell line, by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) cell viability assay, and to study the change of intracellular calcium concentration, connexin43 (Cx43) expression, gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and cell cycle distribution after the tea polyphenol treatment by laser scanning confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The results showed that 1) tea polyphenol could kill the PG cells in a dose-depent manner via inhibiting the PG cell proliferation and blocking the PG cell cycle progression staying in G0/G1 phase and not transfering in S and G2/M phases to reduce the PG cell proliferation index;2) the increases of intracellular calcium concentration, GJIC and Cx43 expression were related with the tea polyphenol doses. The data suggested that tea polyphenol could inhibit the growth of PG cells, which mechanism was associated with the up-regulation of GJIC.

EXPRESSION AND REVERSION OF DRUG RESISTANCE-AND APOPTOSIS-RELATED GENES OF A DDP-RESISTANT LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA CELL LINE

Objective: To investigate the co-expression of drug resistance- and apoptosis-related genes of cisplatin (CDDP)-selected lung adenocarcinoma cell line A 549 DDP for compared to the parental cell line A549, and reverse of drug resistance by antisense s-oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) of differentially expressed genes. Methods: Sense and antisense S-ODN were transferred into A 549 DDP cells by lipofectin. The expression of drug resistance and apoptosis related genes was examined by RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptostic cells were identified by DNA electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL). Drug resistance of tumor cells was detected by a cell viability (MTT) assay. Results: The expression of bcl-2 was positive and that of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) at mRNA and protein level was increased in A 549 DDP compared to A549 cells. MDR1, c-myc and topoisomeras II (TOPO II) were similarly co-expressed in two cell lines. Both cell lines were negative for c-erbB-2 expression. In A 549 DDP cells, the expression of bcl-2 and MRP was significantly inhibited by their respective antisense S-ODNs. Antisense S-ODNs could also decrease significantly drug resistance of A 549 DDP cells to CDDP by promoting cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance were involved in co-expression of multiple MDR-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Cooperation of bcl-2 and MRP genes appeared to play an important action to confer the resistance of A 549 DDP cells to CDDP. Their antisense S-ODNs are responsible for the decrease of drug resistance of this cell line by promoting apoptosis.

Alterations and Its Mechanisms of Wnt Signal Pathway in Human High-matastatatic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981 by Transfecting with Nm23-H1 Gene

Backgroud and Objective Tumor metastasis is not only the malignant marker and characteristics of lung cancer, but also the main cause of failure to cure and lose their life of the

The Difference of the Copy Number Variation and Loss of Heterozygosity of Human Lung Large Cell Cancer Cell Line with Different Metastatic Potential

Background and Objective It has been proven that copy number gain/or loss (copy number variation CNV) in uences gene expression and result in phenotypic variation by

Effects of Methylseleninic Acid on the Proliferation and Cell Cycle in Human High Metastatic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981 and Its Molecular Mechanism

Background and Objective Lung cancer is the rst killer of human being in the whole world. Recently, although many treatment strategies have been developed, the anti-cancer effects

The Inhibiting Effects and It's Molecular Mecanisms of the Fungi of Huai Er's on Human Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981

Background and Objective Lung cancer, which threatens human’s health and life, is the malignant tumor with the most rapid increase of morbidity. Although recent years the basic

The Inhibitory Effects of Rh-endostatin(YH-16) in Combination with Radiotherapy on Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 in Mice and the Underlying Mechanisms

In order to investigate the inhibitory effects of Endostar(rh-endostatin,YH-16)in combination with radiotherapy on lung adenocarcinoma A549 in mice and the interaction mechanisms of combined therapy,the transplantation tumor models of A549 lung adenocarcinoma were established.When the largest diameter of tumor reached 1.0cm,all nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:Endostar group,radiotherapy group,radiotherapy plus Endostar(combined treatment)group,and control group(n=6 in each group).The largest d...

Influence of Nm23-H1 Gene Site Mutagenesis on Invasive And Metastatic Phenotype in Human High-Metastatic Large Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line L9981

Background and Objective Invasion and metastasis is not only the malignant phenotypes of lung cancer but also the main cause of death. To study and elucidate the molecular mechanism

miR-33a-5p靶基因分析验证及对人肺腺癌A549细胞增殖的影响

目的研究miR-33a-5p过表达对人肺腺癌A549细胞增殖的影响及探索其可能的机制。方法在A549细胞中瞬时转染miR-33a-5p mimics,CCK-8和BrdU实验检测细胞增殖能力,转录组测序(RNA-seq)检测mRNA表达水平,targetscan(8.0)、miRDB(2020)、miRWalk(release_2022_01)和ENCORI(starbase,v2.0)联合筛选miR-33a-5p的潜在靶基因,并与RNA-seq的下调表达的基因取交集,RT-qPCR进行基因表达验证。结果RT-qPCR结果显示,miR-33a-5p在A549细胞中高表达(P<0.05);CCK-8实验和BrdU实验结果显示,细胞增殖能力受到抑制(P均<0.05);RNA-seq结果显示,差异基因共494个,其中上调266个,下调228个;GO功能富集主要在细胞外区组成、质膜的组成、受体复合物、细胞外泌体、细胞外基质结构组成、钙离子结合等,KEGG富集主要在补体和凝血途径、胰岛素抵抗、ABC转运途径、IL-17途径、NOD样受体途径和NF-κB信号通路等;靶基因预测分析和RT-qPCR表达验证显示,MTHFD2、OSBPL6、HADHB、HMGCLL1、GUCY1A2和DEPTOR是miR-33a-5p的潜在靶基因(P均<0.05)。结论miR-33a-5p可能通过调控MTHFD2、OSBPL6、HADHB、HMGCLL1、GUCY1A2和DEPTOR基因转录后表达水平来抑制A549细胞的增殖。

Highly Efficient Labeling of Human Lung Cancer Cells Using Cationic Poly-L-lysine-Assisted Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Cell labeling with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs)is increasingly a routine approach in the cellbased cancer treatment.However,cell labeling with magnetic IONPs and their leading effects on the biological properties of human lung carcinoma cells remain scarcely reported.Therefore,in the present study the magnetic c-Fe2O3nanoparticles(MNPs)were firstly synthesized and surface-modified with cationic poly-L-lysine(PLL)to construct the PLL-MNPs,which were then used to magnetically label human A549 lung cancer cells.Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated with propidium iodide/fluorescein diacetate double staining and standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-diphenyl-tetrazolium)bromide assay,and the cytoskeleton was immunocytochemically stained.The cell cycle of the PLL-MNPlabeled A549 lung cancer cells was analyzed using flow cytometry.Apoptotic cells were fluorescently analyzed with nuclear-specific staining after the PLL-MNP labeling.The results showed that the constructed PLL-MNPs efficiently magnetically labeled A549 lung cancer cells and that,at low concentrations,labeling did not affect cellular viability,proliferation capability,cell cycle,and apoptosis.Furthermore,the cytoskeleton in the treated cells was detected intact in comparison with the untreated counterparts.However,the results also showed that at high concentration(400 lg m L-1),the PLL-MNPs would slightly impair cell viability,proliferation,cell cycle,and apoptosis and disrupt the cytoskeleton in the treated A549 lung cancer cells.Therefore,the present results indicated that the PLL-MNPs at adequate concentrations can be efficiently used for labeling A549 lung cancer cells and could be considered as a feasible approach for magnetic targeted anti-cancer drug/gene delivery,targeted diagnosis,and therapy in lung cancer treatment.

Effects of Spinach Powder Fat-Soluble Extract on Proliferation of Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells

Four kinds of assays were used to study the effect of a fat-soluble extract of spinach powder (SPFE) on the proliferation of human gastric adenocareinoma cell line (SGC-7901) in vitro.These studies included: (Ⅰ) cell growth assay, (Ⅱ) colony forming assay, (Ⅲ) MTT colorimetric assay, and (Ⅳ) 3H-TdR incorporation assay. The concentrations of SPFE expressed as the level of β-carotene in the medium were 2×10-8, 2×10-7 and 2×10-6 mol/L β-carotene in assays (Ⅰ)～(Ⅲ), but 4×10- 8, 4×10-7 and 4×10-6 mol/L β-caretene in assay (Ⅳ) respectively. The results indicated that SPFE inhibited the prolifendion and colony forming ability of SGC-7901 cells. And in MTT assay, SPFE inhibited the viability of SGC7901 cells, but no inhibitory effect of SPFE was observed on the viability of lymphocytes in peripheral blood of healthy people. Finally, in the 3H-TdR incorporation test, both SPFE and β-carotene showed significant inhibitory effects on DNA synthesis in SGC-7901 cells, but SPFE was more effective than β-carotene.

基于PI3K/Akt信号通路探讨温下方乙酸乙酯部位对A549细胞移植瘤裸鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的探讨温下方乙酸乙酯部位经调控PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制A549细胞移植瘤生长的作用及机制。方法建立人肺腺癌A549细胞移植瘤裸鼠模型,随机分为模型组、阳性对照组(顺铂注射液,2.0 mg/kg)和温下方高、中、低剂量组(400、200、100 mg/kg),每组5只,药物干预5周后,取裸鼠肿瘤,称定质量并计算抑瘤率,HE染色观察裸鼠肿瘤病理形态学变化,TUNEL染色检测裸鼠肿瘤凋亡情况,Western blot法检测裸鼠肿瘤组织Akt、p-Akt、PI3K、p-PI3K、MMP-3、caspase-3、Bcl-2蛋白表达。结果与模型组比较,顺铂组和温下方各剂量组肿瘤质量和瘤组织p-Akt、p-PI3K、MMP-3、Bcl-2蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),凋亡阳性细胞面积比例和瘤组织caspase-3蛋白表达升高(P<0.05),肿瘤细胞出现不同程度的坏死。结论温下方乙酸乙酯部位可抑制裸鼠A549细胞移植瘤的生长,其机制可能与调控PI3K/Akt信号通路有关。

益气养阴散结方对A549裸鼠肿瘤脂滴相关蛋白与脂代谢相关蛋白的影响

目的探讨益气养阴散结方对A549裸鼠肿瘤脂滴相关蛋白、脂代谢相关蛋白的影响。方法取4~6周龄BALB/c裸鼠30只,皮下接种A549细胞株以复制肺腺癌小鼠模型,按照随机数字表法分为五组,模型组、顺铂组和益气养阴散结方低、中、高剂量组,每组6只。接种次日起给药,模型组给予生理盐水0.3 mL/d;顺铂组给予顺铂4 mg/kg,每周2次;益气养阴散结方低、中、高剂量组给予5、10、20 g/(kg·d)益气养阴散结方,连续给药8周。采用免疫印迹、免疫组化检测脂周素-1(perilipin-1)、脂滴蛋白5(LSDP5)、47kDa尾连蛋白(TIP47)、脂肪分化相关蛋白(ADRP)、脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(A-FABP)、Delta样因子-1(DLK-1)、小窝蛋白-1(caveolin-1)等脂滴相关蛋白、脂代谢相关蛋白在肿瘤中的表达。结果30只裸鼠成瘤,成瘤率100%。在实验期内,模型组和益气养阴散结方中剂量组各死亡裸鼠1只。免疫印迹结果表明,与模型组比较,益气养阴散结方低、高剂量组显著下调脂滴相关蛋白、脂代谢相关蛋白的表达[perilipin-1:(0.76±0.23)、(0.58±0.18)比(0.93±0.22);LSDP5:(0.79±0.23)、(0.38±0.11)比(1.06±0.30);TIP47:(0.49±0.19)、(0.24±0.06)比(0.71±0.25);ADRP:(0.48±0.15)、(0.27±0.08)比(0.61±0.17);A-FABP:(0.52±0.14)、(0.31±0.09)比(0.59±0.19);DLK1:(0.75±0.23)、(0.64±0.08)比(1.07±0.21);caveolin-1:(0.60±0.25)、(0.41±0.09)比(1.09±0.31),P<0.05或P<0.01]。免疫组化结果表明,与模型组比较,益气养阴散结方中、高剂量组显著下调脂滴相关蛋白、脂代谢相关蛋白的表达[perilipin-1:(4.17±0.32)、(3.90±0.57)比(5.70±0.97);TIP47:(5.13±0.50)、(3.73±0.31)比(5.67±0.70);ADRP:(4.67±1.01)、(4.17±0.61)比(6.13±0.81);AFABP:(4.02±0.40)、(3.40±0.23)比(5.67±0.75);caveolin-1:(5.03±0.50)、(4.23±0.35)比(6.33±0.93),P<0.05或P<0.01],高剂量组下调DLK1表达[(5.10±0.40)比(7.93±0.91),P<0.01]。结论高剂量益气养阴散结方可显著降低perilipin-1、LSDP5、TIP47、ADRP、A-FABP、DLK1、caveolin-1等脂滴相关蛋白、脂代谢相关蛋白在A549裸鼠肿瘤中的表达。

评价新型3,5-二取代吡唑啉衍生物抗人肺癌细胞株(A549)的潜能

目的 评估新型3,5-二取代吡唑啉衍生物抗人肺癌细胞株(A549)的潜能。方法 制备新型吡唑啉衍生物,评价这种衍生物在体外对抗人非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞株A549的效能。利用MTT法与SRB法筛查全部最终衍生物的抗癌潜力,测定其存在的细胞毒性。结果 本文条件下制备最终化合物用时10d,在表达抗A549中存在细胞毒性潜能,占比约为71.24%,对照药物为阿奇霉素,阿奇霉素所具有的细胞毒性为80.55%,两组相较并无差异(P>0.05)。所制备的新型吡唑啉衍生物的抗癌活性SRB检查结果与MTT法检查所得的细胞毒性结果类似,其成分为具有甲硫基、氟基团、甲氧基官能团的化合物,10d对抗A549的GI50水平为11.41μg/mL,对照药物ADR的TGI水平>100μm,化合物10d为46.76μm。结论 新型吡唑啉衍生物抗NSCLC的A549细胞株的潜力理想,细胞毒性水平较为合理。

Inhibitory effects of dobutamine on human gastric adenocarcinoma

AIM:To explore the inhibitory effects of dobutamine on gastric adenocarcinoma cells.METHODS:Dobutamine was used to treat gastric adenocarcinoma cells(SGC-7901)and cell viability was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.The effects of dobutamine combined with cisplatin on cell viability were also analyzed.Cell migration was studied using the wound healing assay,and cell proliferation was analyzed using the colony formation assay.A cell invasion assay was carried out using Transwell cell culture chambers.The cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry.Western blot and immunocytochemistry were performed to determine the expression of Yes-associated protein(YAP)in treated cells.RESULTS:Dobutamine significantly inhibited cell growth,migration,cell colony formation,and cell invasion into Matrigel.Dobutamine also arrested the cell cycle at G1/S phase,and increased the rate of apoptosis of gastric adenocarcinoma cells.The expression ofYAP was detected mainly in the nucleus in the absence of dobutamine.However,reduced expression of phosphorylated YAP was mainly found in the cytosol following treatment with dobutamine.CONCLUSION:Dobutamine has significant inhibitory effects on gastric adenocarcinoma cells and may be used in neoadjuvant therapy not only for gastric cancer,but also for other tumors.

Inhibitory Effect of Cantharidin on Proliferation of A549 Cells

Objective： To study the inhibition of Cantharidin against the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells and its mechanism. Methods： MTT assay was employed to determine the inhibition of Cantharidin against proliferation of A549 cells and flow Cytometry was applied to analyze A549 cell cycle and the effect of Cantharidin on cell cycle. Results： Cantharidin showed inhibition against the proliferation of A549 cells, and the inhibition was mediated by blocking A549 cell cycle at G2/M phase significantly. Conclusion： Cantharidin exhibits inhibition against the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells.