Semaphorin 7A impairs barrier function in cultured human corneal epithelial cells in a manner dependent on nuclear factor-kappa B

●AIM:To evaluate the role of semaphorin 7A(Sema7A)and its associated regulatory mechanisms in modulating the barrier function of cultured human corneal epithelial cells(HCEs).●METHODS:Barrier models of HCEs were treated with recombinant human Sema7A at concentrations of 0,125,250,or 500 ng/mL for 24,48,or 72h in vitro.Transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER)as well as Dextran-fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)permeability assays were conducted to assess barrier function.To quantify tight junctions(TJs)such as occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)at the mRNA level,reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis was performed.Immunoblotting was used to examine the activity of the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and the production of TJs proteins.Immunofluorescence analyses were employed to localize the TJs.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and RT-PCR were utilized to observe changes in interleukin(IL)-1βlevels.To investigate the role of NF-κB signaling activation and IL^(-1)βin Sema7A’s anti-barrier mechanism,we employed 0.1μmol/L IκB kinase 2(IKK2)inhibitor IV or 500 ng/mL IL^(-1)receptor(IL-1R)antagonist.●RESULTS:Treatment with Sema7A resulted in decreased TEER and increased permeability of Dextran-FITC in HCEs through down-regulating mRNA and protein levels of TJs in a time-and dose-dependent manner,as well as altering the localization of TJs.Furthermore,Sema7A stimulated the activation of inhibitor of kappa B alpha(IκBα)and expression of IL-1β.The anti-barrier function of Sema7A was significantly suppressed by treatment with IKK2 inhibitor IV or IL-1R antagonists.●CONCLUSION:Sema7A disrupts barrier function through its influence on NF-κB-mediated expression of TJ proteins,as well as the expression of IL-1β.These findings suggest that Sema7A could be a potential therapeutic target for the diseases in corneal epithelium.

Three amino acid residues in the envelope of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 CRF07_BC regulate viral neutralization susceptibility to the human monoclonal neutralizing antibody IgG1b12

The CD4 binding site(CD4bs) of envelope glycoprotein(Env) is an important conserved target for anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies IgG1 b12(b12) could recognize conformational epitopes that overlap the CD4 bs of Env. Different virus strains, even derived from the same individual, showed distinct neutralization susceptibility to b12. We examined the key amino acid residues affecting b12 neutralization susceptibility using single genome amplification and pseudovirus neutralization assay. Eleven amino acid residues were identified that affect the sensitivity of Env to b12. Through site-directed mutagenesis, an amino acid substitution at position 182 in the V2 region of Env was confirmed to play a key role in regulating the b12 neutralization susceptibility. The introduction of V182 L to a resistant strain enhanced its sensitivity to b12 more than twofold. Correspondingly, the introduction of L182 V to a sensitive strain reduced its sensitivity to b12 more than tenfold. Amino acid substitution at positions 267 and 346 could both enhance the sensitivity to b12 more than twofold. However, no additive effect was observed when the three site mutageneses were introduced into the same strain, and the sensitivity was equivalent to the single V182 L mutation. CRF07_BC is a major circulating recombinant form of HIV-1 prevalent in China. Our data may provide important information for understanding the molecular mechanism regulating the neutralization susceptibility of CRF07_BC viruses to b12 and may be helpful for a vaccine design targeting the CD4 bs epitopes.

BINDING AND INTERACTION OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR HUMAN DAXX WITH ADENOVIRUS12 E1B 55 KILODALTON ONCOPROTEIN

Objective: To study the disruption of co- localization of human Daxx(hDaxx) with promyelocytic leukemia protein(PML) at the PML oncogenic domains (PODs) by the interaction of hDaxx with adenovirus(Ad) 12 E1B 55 Kilodalton Oncoprotein (Ad12 E1B 55kD). Methods: The direct binding reaction of hDaxx and Ad12 E1B 55kD was analyzed by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blotting in vivo or in vitro. The interaction of hDaxx with Ad12 E1B 55kD was studied using yeast two-hybrid assay. Results: hDaxx bounded directly to Ad12 E1B 55kD in vivo and in vitro. hDaxx interacted with full length Ad12 E1B 55kD. Conclusion: Transcriptional regulator hDaxx directly binds to and interacts with Ad12 E1B 55kD.

HIV-1B′特异性细胞毒性T细胞与疾病进展关系

目的了解人类免疫缺陷病毒I型(HIV-1)B′亚型特异性细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)功能与中国HIV-1感染者疾病进展关系。方法将覆盖HIV-1B′亚型Gag p17、p24和p2p7plp6全长的54个重叠多肽作为抗原,用酶联免疫斑点实验(ELISPOT)检测58例HIV-1感染者特异性CTL对上述多肽的应答情况。结果中国HIV-1感染者特异性CTL可识别多个HIV-1B′Gag表位,反应宽度与病毒载量显著负相关(r=-0.374,P=0.004),与CD4+T细胞绝对计数显著正相关(r=0.425,P=0.001),反应强度与病毒载量显著负相关(r=-0.285,P=0.030)。长期不进展者识别HIV-1B′Gag多肽的反应宽度显著高于无症状感染者和艾滋病患者(P=0.001,P=0.005)。结论我国HIV-1感染者体内存在识别不同HIV-1B′Gag多肽表位的特异性CTL应答,并且与疾病进展相关。

人类免疫缺陷病毒-1B和C亚型Nef蛋白特异性CD8^+ T细胞交叉应答反应的研究

目的:探讨中国人群人类免疫缺陷病毒-1B(H IV-1B亚型)Nef蛋白特异性CD8+T细胞应答在B、C亚型间的交叉反应性。方法:选取51例H IV-1B亚型感染者,采取外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),用合成的54个H IV-1B、C亚型Nef全基因序列肽库作为抗原,酶联免疫斑点吸附试验(ELISpot)方法检测H IV-1B亚型Nef蛋白特异性CD8+T细胞对B、C亚型抗原的应答反应。结果:在产生特异性应答效应的个体中,82.9%(29/35)感染个体同时识别B和C亚型肽段。感染个体在对两个亚型肽段的识别数量及应答强度上无显著差异(P=0.529和P=0.754)。H IV-1B亚型特异性CD8+T细胞能针对70.4%无论B还是C亚型的Nef肽段产生应答反应。被特异性CD8+T细胞同时识别的B、C亚型Nef肽段间氨基酸序列的同源性显著高于仅能被识别的B亚型或C亚型肽段的氨基酸序列(P=0.01)。结论:H IV-1B亚型Nef蛋白特异性CD8+T细胞应答在B、C亚型间具有良好的交叉反应性,能产生交叉反应的氨基酸序列具有较高的亚型间同源性。

地高辛标记探针检测重组人干扰素β_(1b)中DNA残留量

为检测注射用重组人干扰素β1b半成品中外源性DNA残留量,以重组人干扰素β1b工程菌基因组DNA为模板,用地高辛标记探针,并以此探针进行点杂交。结果证明,该方法检测灵敏度较好,特异性较强,操作较安全简便,可用于重组人干扰素β1b制备过程中的质量监控及半成品的检定。

miR-106a通过调控PI3K/PDK1/AKT蛋白通路调节胃癌细胞生物学行为的研究

目的探讨miR-106a对胃癌细胞生物学行为的影响及其作用机制。方法选取AGS人胃癌细胞系,经培养后分为27个样本。所有样本随机分为miR-106a inhibitor、miR-mimic、miR-NC共计3组,分别给予miR-106a抑制剂、miR-106a模拟物及安慰剂干预。观察各组细胞存活率、细胞周期、细胞侵袭、迁移及caspase活性、Bax、Bcl-2、Casepase-3蛋白相对表达量、p85β、p-PDK1、p-AKT蛋白相对表达量。结果与miR-NC组比较,miR-106a inhibitor组AGS细胞活性降低[(分别为15.01±0.97)、(69.82±2.31)%](P<0.01);miR-106a mimics组AGS细胞G0/G1期细胞比例降低(P<0.05)(分别为17.33±1.04、58.24±0.82),G2/M和S期细胞比例升高(分别为50.11±1.12、35.64±1.07和31.56±0.92、9.24±0.25);miR-106a inhibitor组AGS细胞G0/G1期细胞比例升高(分别为78.43±1.12、58.24±0.82)(P<0.05),G2/M和S期细胞比例降低(分别为33.65±0.99、35.64±1.07和19.78±0.84、9.24±0.25)(P<0.01)。与miR-NC相比,miR-106a mimics组AGS细胞的迁移、侵袭能力增强,miR-106a inhibitor组AGS细胞的迁移、侵袭能力减弱(P<0.01);与miR-NC相比,miR-106a mimics组AGS细胞caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-9活性降低,miR-106a inhibitor组AGS细胞caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-9活性升高(P<0.05);miR-NC相比,miR-106a mimics组AGS细胞Bax(分别为0.69±0.07、1.48±0.15)、Casepase-3蛋白(分别为0.37±0.04、0.91±0.09)相对表达量降低,Bcl-2蛋白相对表达量升高(分别为1.53±0.12、0.94±0.09),miR-106a inhibitor组AGS细胞Bax(分别为2.07±0.21、1.48±0.15)、Casepase-3蛋白(分别为1.23±0.12、0.91±0.09)相对表达量升高,Bcl-2蛋白相对表达量降低(P<0.05)(分别为0.65±0.07、0.94±0.09);与miR-NC相比,miR-106a mimics组AGS细胞p85β(分别为1.24±0.12、0.94±0.09)、p-PDK1(分别为2.13±0.23、1.01±0.10)、p-AKT蛋白(分别为1.14±0.11、0.72±0.06)相对表达量升高,miR-106a inhibitor组AGS细胞p85β(分别为0.69±0.07、0.94±0.09)、p-PDK1(分别为0.75±0.07、1.01±0.10)、p-AKT(分别为0.53±0.05、0.72±0.06)相对表达量降低(P<0.05)。结论miRNA-106a表达能通过调控宫颈癌细胞PI3K/PDK1/AKT蛋白通路调控其细胞生物学行为,包括降低癌细胞活力、迁移和侵袭,诱导癌细胞细胞周期停滞,抑制miRNA-106a表达可能是胃癌患者治疗的新靶点之一。

Construction and characterization of a humanized SLCO1B1 rat model with its application in evaluating the uptake of different statins

Organic anion-transporting polypeptides IB1(OATPIB1)plays a crucial role in the transport of statins.However,there are too few animal models related to OATPIB1,especially humanized animal models.In this study,the human SLCOIB1 cDNA was inserted into the second exon of the rat Slcolb2 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.Pharmacokinetic characteristics of statins were conducted in wild-type(WT),humanized OATPIB1(hOATPIB1),and OATPIB2 knockout(OATPIB2 KO)rats,respec-tively.The results showed that human OATPIB1 was successfully expressed in rat liver and exhibited transport function.Furthermore,the pharmacokinetic results revealed that OATPIB1 exhibited varying uptake levels of pivastatin,rosuvastatin,and fluvastatin,leading to different levels of exposure within the body.These results were consistent with those obtained from in vitro experiments using overexpressed cell lines.In conclusion,we established a novel humanized SLCOIBI transgenic rat model to assess the role of human OATPIB1 in the uptake of different statins.The different uptake mediated by OATPIB1 may be an important reason for the different efficacy of statins.The hOATPIB1 rat is a promising model for improving the prediction of human drug transport.

Detection of CYP2E1,a Genetic Biomarker of Susceptibility to Benzene Metabolism Toxicity in Immortal Human Lymphocytes Derived from the Han Chinese Population

Objective Cytochrome P450 2E1 （CYP2E1） is an important metabolizing enzyme involved in oxidative stress responses to benzene, a chemical associated with bone marrow toxicity and leukemia, We aimed to identify the CYP2E1 genetic biomarkers of susceptibility to benzene toxicity in support of environmental and occupational exposure prevention, and to test whether a model using immortal human lymphocytes might be an efficient tool for detecting genetic biomarkers. Methods Immortalized human lymphocyte cell lines with independent genotypes on four CYP2E1 SNP sites were induced with 0.01% phenol, a metabolite of benzene. CYP2E1 gene function was evaluated by mRNA expression and enzyme activity. DNA damage was measured by Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis （SCGE）. Results Among the four SNPs, cells with rs2070673TT and rs2030920CC showed higher levels of ~YP2E1 transcription and enzymatic activity than the other genotypes in the same SNP site. Cells with higher gene expression genotypes also showed higher comet rates compared with lower gene expression genotypes. Conclusion These results suggest that CYP2E1 rs2070673 and rs2030920 might be the genetic biomarkers of susceptibility to benzene toxicity and that the immortalized human lymphocytes model might be an efficient tool for the detection of genetic biomarkers of susceptibility to chemicals.

The effects of microRNA-34a regulating Notch-1/NF-κB signaling pathway on lipopolysaccharide-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells

BACKGROUND: Notch-1/NF-κB signaling plays a key role in the cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)-induced sepsis. This study aims to investigate the intervention effects of microRNA-34a(miR-34a) lentivirus regulating Notch-1/NF-κB signaling pathway on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC).METHODS: HUVEC were divided into four groups as the following: they were infected with negative control lentivirus(NC group) or miR-34a lentivirus(OE group); LPS(1 g/mL) was added on the third day on the basis of NC group and OE group for 24 hours(NC+LPS group or OE+LPS group). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in the cell supernatants, and the mRNA and protein expression of Notch-1 and NF-κB in the HUVEC were evaluated.RESULTS: After 24 hours, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in the cell supernatants and the protein expression of NF-κB from NC+LPS group were significantly higher than those of NC group, but IL-10 level and the protein expression of Notch-1 in NC+LPS group were the opposite. After intervention of miR-34a lentivirus, the cell supernatants TNF-α and the protein expression of NF-κB in OE+LPS group after 24 hours markedly decreased compared to NC+LPS group. While the cell supernatants IL-1β and IL-6 and the mRNA expression of NF-κB slightly decreased in OE+LPS group, IL-10 and the mRNA and protein expression of Notch-1 were the opposite.CONCLUSION: miR-34a regulating Notch-1/NF-κB signaling pathway can reduce the HUVEC damage caused by LPS stimulation.

Combined human growth hormone and lactulose for prevention and treatment of multiple organ dysfunction in patients with severe chronic hepatitis B

AIM: To evaluate the efficiency and safety of combined recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and lactulose for treatment and/or prevention of multiple organ dysfunction in patients with chronic severe hepatitis B. METHODS: Forty-eight inpatients with chronic severe hepatitis B were randomly divided into rhGH group (n = 28)and control group (n = 20). In rhGH group, 4-4.5 IU of rhGH was injected intramuscularly once daily for 2-4 wk,and 100 mL of enema containing 30 mL of lactulose, 2 g of metronidazole and 0.9% saline was administered every 2 d for 2-4 wk. Their symptoms and complications were noted. Liver and kidney functions were analyzed by an Olympus analyzer. Serum GH, IGF-1, IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 were measured by ELISA.RESULTS: Clinical symptoms of 90% of these patients in rhGH group were obviously improved. The total effectiveness in rhGH group was better than that in control group (75% vs40%, P＜0.05). After 2- and 4-wk treatment of rhGH respectively, serum albumin (26.1±4.1 vs 30.2±5.3,31.9±5.1 g/L), prealbumin (79.6±28.0 vs 106.6±54.4,108.4±55.0 g/L), cholesterol (76.3±16.7 vs 85.6±32.3,96.1±38.7 mg/dL), and IGFBP1 (56.8±47.2 vs 89.7±50.3ng/mL after 2 wk) were significantly increased compared to control group (P＜0.05). However, serum GH was decreased. The increase of serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 after rhGH treatment was also observed.CONCLUSION: rhGH in combination with lactulose may be beneficial to the prevention and treatment of multiple organ dysfunction in patients with chronic severe hepatitis.

Pretreatment AKR1B10 expression predicts the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development after hepatitis C virus eradication

AIM To clarify the association between aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10(AKR1B10) expression and hepatocarcinogenesis after hepatitis C virus eradication.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 303 chronic hepatitis C patients who had achieved sustained virological response(SVR) through interferon-based antiviral therapy. Pretreatment AKR1B10 expression in the liver was immunohistochemically assessed and quantified as a percentage of positive staining area by using image-analysis software. A multivariate Cox analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios(HRs) of AKR1B10 expression for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development after achieving SVR. The cumulative incidences of HCC development were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test.RESULTS Of the 303 chronic hepatitis C patients,153(50.5%) showed scarce hepatic AKR1B10 expression,quantified as 0%,which was similar to the expression in control normal liver tissues. However,the remaining 150 patients(49.5%) exhibited various degrees of AKR1B10 expression in the liver,with a maximal AKR1B10 expression of 73%. During the median follow-up time of 3.6 years(range 1.0-10.0 years),8/303 patients developed HCC. Multivariate analysis revealed that only high AKR1B10 expression(≥ 8%) was an independent risk factor for HCC development(HR = 15.4,95%CI: 1. 8- 1 3 2. 5,P = 0. 0 1 2). T h e 5- y e a r c u m u l a t i v e incidences of HCC development were 13.7% and 0.5% in patients with high and low AKR1B10 expression,respectively(P < 0.001). During the follow-up period after viral eradication,patients expressing high levels of AKR1B10 expressed markedly higher levels of alanine aminotransferase and α-fetoprotein than did patients exhibiting low AKR1B10 expression.CONCLUSION Chronic hepatitis C patients expressing high levels of hepatic AKR1B10 had an increased risk of HCC development even after SVR.

Effects of transforming growth factor β2 and connective tissue growth factor on induction of epithelial mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix synthesis in human lens epithelial cells

AIM:To Investigate the effects of transforming growth factorβ2(TGF-β2)and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)on transdifferentiation of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)cultured in vitro and synthesis of extracellular matrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECs were treated with TGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)and CTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)for different times(0,24,48,72h)in vitro and the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),the main component of the extracellular matrix typeⅠcollagen(Col-1)and fibronectin(Fn)were measured by using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and western-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2 and CTGF significantly increased expression ofα-SMA mRNA and protein(P【0.05,P【0.001),Fn mRNA and protein(P【0.001),Col-1 mRNA and protein(P【0.001).TGF-β2 could induce HLECs expression of CTGF mRNA and protein in dosedependent manner(P【0.05,P【0.001).TGF-β2 and CTGF could induce HLECs to expressα-SMA,Fn and Col-1 in time-dependent manner.Each time of TGF-β2and CTGF induced HELCs expression ofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1 mRNA and protein was significant increase compared with control(P【0.05,P【0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2 and CTGF could induce HLECs epithelial mesenchymal transition and ECM synthesis.

Relationships of early esophageal cancer with human papillomavirus and alcohol metabolism

BACKGROUND It is well known that an alcohol consumption habit together with inactive heterozygous aldehyde dehydrogenase-2(ALDH2)is an important risk factor for the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).It remains controversial whether human papillomavirus(HPV)infection contributes to the occurrence/development of ESCC.There has been no study in which the relationship between ESCC and HPV in addition to alcohol dehydrogenase-1B(ADH1B)and ALDH2 genotypes was evaluated.AIM To evaluate relationships between HPV infection and development of esophageal cancer,particularly early esophageal cancer,based on ADH1B/ALDH2 polymorphisms.METHODS We conducted an exploratory retrospective study using new specimens,and we enrolled 145 patients who underwent endoscopic resection for superficial ESCC and had been observed for more than two years by both physical examination and endoscopic examination in Hokkaido University Hospital.Saliva was collected to analyze genetic polymorphisms of ADH1B/ALDH2.We performed in situ hybridization for resected specimens to detect HPV by using an HPV type 16/18 probe.RESULTS HPV was detected in 15(10.3%)of the 145 patients with ESCC.HPV-positive rates in inactive ALDH2*1/*2 and ALDH2*1/*1+*2/*2 were 10.8%and 9.8%,respectively(P=1.00).HPV-positive rates in slow-metabolizing ADH1B*1/*1 and ADH1B*1/*2+*2/*2 were 12.0%and 10.0%,respectively(P=0.72).HPV-positive rates in the heavy or moderate alcohol consumption group and the light or rare consumption group were 11.1%and 8.7%,respectively(P=0.68).HPV-positive rates in the heavy smoking group and the light or no smoking group were 11.8%and 8.3%,respectively(P=0.59).The 3-year incidence rates of secondary ESCC or head and neck cancer after initial treatment in the HPV-positive and HPVnegative groups were 14.4%and 21.4%(P=0.22),respectively.CONCLUSION In the present situation,HPV status is considered to be less important than other risk factors,such as alcohol consumption,smoking habit,ADH1B/ALDH2 polymorphisms,and HPV status would therefore have no effect on ESCC risk management.

Study of human B7 homolog 1 expression in patients with hepatitis B virus infection

AIM: To further investigate the role of human B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1) in the mechanism of persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. METHODS: Peripheral and intra-hepatic B7-H1 expression were compared by flow cytometry and immunochemical staining between two 2 distinct groups, one being chronic HBV tolerance patients (CHB-T) and the other being acute hepatitis B patients (AHB). B7-H1 mRNA expression level was also compared by real time polymerase chain reaction between CHB-T and AHB patients. The location of intra-hepatic B7-H1 and CD40 expression were analyzed by immunofluorescence. The levels of B7-H1 and CD40 expression on cultured myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) with or without hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) treatment were analyzed dynamically by flow cytometry. Intracellular interferon-γ (IFN-γ) staining and the stimulatory capacity of mDC of cultured mDC with or without HBsAg treatment were also compared by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Peripheral B7-H1 expression on mDCs was increased significantly in AHB compared to CHB-T patients (P < 0.05). In the liver tissues from CHB-T patients, B7-H1 positive cells were almost absent despite a persistently elevated serum HBsAg load. In contrast, there were indeed increased B7-H1-positive cells in situ in the liver tissue from AHB. In vitro analysis showed the parallel upregulation of B7-H1 and CD40 on CD11c+ mDCs after the onset of stimulation. Addition of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg) significantly decreased CD40 expression (P < 0.05 at 16 h, 20 h and 24 h time points). B7-H1 expression was also inhibited by rHBsAg, and the inhibition rate of CD40 was greater than that of B7-H1. This preferential inhibition of CD40 expression on mDCs by rHBsAg resulted in the dysfunction of mDCs and T cells in the mixed leucocyte reaction (MLR) system. With rHBsAg pretreatment, in a carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeled MLR system at a ratio of 1:5 responder cell-stimulator cell (R/S), the CFSE dim percentage of T cells decreased from 85.1% to 25.4% and decreased from 30.3% to 12.0% at 1:10 R/S. IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells, in the MLR system, was reduced significantly by HBsAg pretreatment. At ratios of 1:5 R/S, the percentage of IFN-γ and CD8 dual positive T cells decreased from 55.2% ± 5.3% to 15.1% ±3.1% (P < 0.001), and decreased from 35.0% ± 5.1% to 7.3% ± 2.7% at ratios of 1:10 R/S (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: B7-H1 is not a signature of immune dysfunction, but an inflammation marker. HBsAg regulate immune response by tipping the balance between B7-H1 and CD40.

Increased Expression and Activity of MMP-9 in C-reactive Protein-induced Human THP-1 Mononuclear Cells Is Related to Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B

The relation between the expression and activity of MMP-9 in C-reactive protein （CRP）-induced human THP-1 mononuclear cells and the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） was studied to investigate the possible role of CRP in plaque destabilization. Human THP-1 cells were incubated in the presence of CRP at 0 （control group）, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL （CRP groups） for 24 h. In PDTC （a specific NF-κB inhibitor） group, the cells were pre-treated with PDTC at 10 μmol/L and then with 100 μg/mL CRP. The conditioned media （CM） and human THP-1 cells in different groups were harvested. MMP-9 expression in CM and human THP-1 cells was measured by ELISA and Western blotting. MMP-9 activity was assessed by fluorogenic substrates. The expression of NF-κB inhibitor α （IκB-α） and NF-κB p65 was detected by Western blotting and ELISA respectively. The results showed that CRP increased the expression and activity of MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner in the human THP-1 cells. Western blotting revealed that IiB-α expression was decreased in the cells with the concentrations of CRP and ELISA demonstrated that NF-κB p65 expression in the CRP-induced cells was increased. After pre-treatment of the cells with PDTC at 10 μmol/L, the decrease in IκB-α expression and the increase in NF-κB p65 expression in the CRP-induced cells were inhibited, and the expression and activity of MMP-9 were lowered too. It is concluded that increased expression and activity of MMP-9 in CRP-induced human THP-1 cells may be associated with activation of NF-κB. Down-regulation of the expression and activity of MMP-9 may be a new treatment alternative for plaque stabilization by inhibiting the NF-κB activation.

Efficacy of recombinant human osteoprotegerin combined with tinidazole in the treatment of periodontitis mice and its correlation with serum RANKL and MCP-1 levels

Objective: To investigate the effect of recombinant human osteoprotegerin combined with tinidazole on mice with periodontitis and the effect on serum RANKL and MCP-1 levels. Methods: 80 SPF-cleaned mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, 20 each, model group, tinidazole group and recombinant human osteoprotegerin group were modeled by Kimura et al., and tinidazole group received tinidazole. After intragastric administration, the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group was injected with recombinant human osteoprotegerin in the periodontal pocket according to the tinidazole group. The periodontal changes of the four groups of mice were observed and recorded, and the gingival rating was performed. Epithelial tissue morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Serum levels of IL-4, IL-6, RANKL and MCP-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:After the intervention, the model group developed severe inflammatory reactions, including redness, hemorrhage, and deep periodontal pockets. The teeth were significantly loosened. The mice in the tinidazole group and the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group recovered substantially, and the gingival rating of the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group was better than that. The tinidazole group and the model group (P<0.05). The results of HE staining showed that the model group had edema, vasodilation and a large amount of inflammatory infiltration. The epithelial structure of the mice in the tinidazole group and the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group was intact and arranged closely and orderly. After intervention, the IL-4 in the tinidazole group and the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group was significantly higher than the model group and IL-6 was significantly lower than the model group (P<0.05), and the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group IL-4 was significantly higher after the intervention. IL-6 was significantly lower in the tinidazole group than in the tinidazole group (P<0.05). After the intervention, the tinidazole group and the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group were significantly reduced, and the recombinant human osteoprotegerin group RAKNL and MCP-1 were significantly lower than the model group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Recombinant human osteoprotegerin combined with tinidazole has a better therapeutic effect on gums and teeth in mice with periodontitis, and can lower the levels of RAKNL and MCP-1 in serum, inhibit bone resorption and protect teeth.

重组人干扰素α-1b联合消旋卡多曲治疗婴幼儿病毒性腹泻疗效观察

目的:分析和探讨重组人干扰素α-1b联合消旋卡多曲治疗婴幼儿病毒性腹泻临床效果.方法:选取我院2013-01/2014-01收治的110例婴幼儿病毒性腹泻患者,通过随机数字表法分为对照组(n=55)和观察组(n=55),对照组患儿采用消旋卡多曲治疗,观察组患儿采用重组人干扰素α-1b联合消旋卡多曲治疗,对两组患儿临床治疗效果作比较分析.结果:观察组患儿临床治疗有效率显著高于对照组,住院时间较对照组患儿更低(P<0.05).结论:在婴幼儿病毒性腹泻治疗中,采用消旋卡多曲与重组人干扰素α-1b联合治疗,能明显改善临床症状,缩短住院时间,减轻患儿痛苦,疗效显著,值得临床推广应用.

血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1联合endocan对高血压患者并发冠心病的预测价值

目的探讨血清血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、载脂蛋白B与载脂蛋白A⁃1比值(apoB/apoA⁃1)联合人血管内皮细胞特异性分子(endocan)对高血压患者并发冠心病的预测价值。方法选择2019年4月至2021年12月期间新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的50例高血压合并冠心病的住院患者,设为高血压合并冠心病组;另选取同期本院收治的48例单纯高血压的住院患者,设为单纯高血压组。收集所有患者的基线资料(年龄、性别、吸烟等)和实验室检测指标[收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、甘油三酯(TG)、血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1、endocan等]。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1联合endocan与高血压患者并发冠心病的关系,并进一步绘制ROC曲线分析血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1、endocan单独及联合检测对高血压患者并发冠心病的预测价值。结果两组高血压病程、LDL⁃C、血清AngⅡ、apoB、apoA⁃1、apoB/apoA⁃1、endocan比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)/t=4.044、4.093、2.908、2.699、2.629、4.528、4.244,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高血压病程、LDL⁃C、血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1、endocan是影响高血压患者并发冠心病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1、endocan单独检测预测高血压患者并发冠心病的曲线下面积分别为0.692、0.713、0.701,三者联合检测的曲线下面积最大,为0.831(P<0.05)。结论高血压患者并发冠心病发生风险与其血清AngⅡ、apoB/apoA⁃1、endocan密切相关,三者联合检测的诊断效能更高,且检测方法简便,可为早期预防及诊断高血压患者并发冠心病提供科学参考。

BMI-1抑制剂PTC-596对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、周期和凋亡的影响

目的 分析BMI-1抑制剂PTC-596对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、周期和凋亡的影响。方法以人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞为肿瘤细胞模型,正常培养为阴性对照组,25、50 nmol/L PTC-596处理SGC-7901细胞48 h为低、高药物浓度实验组。利用CCK8法分析细胞增殖能力;流式细胞术分别结合PI单染、DCFHDA探针、JC-1探针以及PI/FITC-Annexin V双染分析细胞周期、活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)累积、线粒体膜电位和凋亡细胞比例;Western blot法检测细胞BIM-1蛋白和周期相关蛋白CyclinD1、CyclinB1、P21以及凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2、c-PARP蛋白相对表达水平。结果 与对照组相比,PTC-596高效抑制人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖,处理48 h后IC_(50)为(49.33±7.02)nmol/L。低、高药物浓度实验组细胞中BMI-1表达显著减少(P <0.01)。实验组细胞中CyclinB1和P21相对表达增加,CyclinD1表达减少,细胞有丝分裂被抑制,出现G_2/M期周期阻滞;同时活性氧累积增多,线粒体膜电位下降,Bax表达上调,Bcl-2表达下调,c-PARP增加,凋亡细胞比例从2.04%显著上升为10.56%、26.74%。与对照组相比较,以上结果差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 PTC-596高效杀伤人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,其机制可能与抑制BMI-1、诱导细胞周期阻滞和内源性线粒体途径细胞凋亡密切相关。