A Large-Scale Group Decision Making Model Based on Trust Relationship and Social Network Updating

With the development of big data and social computing,large-scale group decisionmaking(LGDM)is nowmerging with social networks.Using social network analysis(SNA),this study proposes an LGDM consensus model that considers the trust relationship among decisionmakers(DMs).In the process of consensusmeasurement:the social network is constructed according to the social relationship among DMs,and the Louvain method is introduced to classify social networks to form subgroups.In this study,the weights of each decision maker and each subgroup are computed by comprehensive network weights and trust weights.In the process of consensus improvement:A feedback mechanism with four identification and two direction rules is designed to guide the consensus of the improvement process.Based on the trust relationship among DMs,the preferences are modified,and the corresponding social network is updated to accelerate the consensus.Compared with the previous research,the proposedmodel not only allows the subgroups to be reconstructed and updated during the adjustment process,but also improves the accuracy of the adjustment by the feedbackmechanism.Finally,an example analysis is conducted to verify the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed method.Moreover,compared with previous studies,the superiority of the proposed method in solving the LGDM problem is highlighted.

Patients’ Experiences of Trust in the Patient-Nurse Relationship——A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies

Aims and Objectives: To report a synthesis of the literature on the meaning of trust in the context of patients’ experiences of nursing. The review question was “How do patients describe the meaning of trust in the nursing relationship?” Background: Trust is essential in nursing as it has the potential to create opportunities for the human being to gain faith, hope and meaning in life as well as open up for new experiences. Trust is an interpersonal and essential element of all patient-nurse relationships and requires nurses to create a trusting relationship with the patients. Design: Systematic qualitative literature review. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted for the period January 2002 to December 2012, updated in January 2014. 20 papers were included. Results: Four categories emerged: Attitudes related to trust, indicating that trust is fundamental and existential;Experiences of trust, concerning how trust can be sensed;The patient-nurse relationship, revealing the qualities of the person who creates trust;and Where trust occurs, illuminating the contextual relevancies of trust. Conclusions: Patients’ experiences of trust in nursing are dependent on the nurses’ knowledge, level of commitment in the dialogue to creating and developing the relationship and contextual issues. Implications for nursing practice: Reflection on a trusting relationship with the patient is necessary for a deeper conceptual understanding of trust in nursing. Clinical nurse researchers nurse supervisors, managers and nurse educatorsshould discuss different areas of trust during nursing supervision and focus-group meetings as well as with nursing graduates to ensure that nurses develop knowledge of how to create a trusting patient-nurse relationship.

Consensus model of social network group decision-making based on trust relationship among experts and expert reliability

Due to people’s increasing dependence on social networks,it is essential to develop a consensus model considering not only their own factors but also the interaction between people.Both external trust relationship among experts and the internal reliability of experts are important factors in decision-making.This paper focuses on improving the scientificity and effectiveness of decision-making and presents a consensus model combining trust relationship among experts and expert reliability in social network group decision-making(SN-GDM).A concept named matching degree is proposed to measure expert reliability.Meanwhile,linguistic information is applied to manage the imprecise and vague information.Matching degree is expressed by a 2-tuple linguistic model,and experts’preferences are measured by a probabilistic linguistic term set(PLTS).Subsequently,a hybrid weight is explored to weigh experts’importance in a group.Then a consensus measure is introduced and a feedback mechanism is developed to produce some personalized recommendations with higher group consensus.Finally,a comparative example is provided to prove the scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed consensus model.

Machine learning and human‐machine trust in healthcare:A systematic survey

As human‐machine interaction(HMI)in healthcare continues to evolve,the issue of trust in HMI in healthcare has been raised and explored.It is critical for the development and safety of healthcare that humans have proper trust in medical machines.Intelligent machines that have applied machine learning(ML)technologies continue to penetrate deeper into the medical environment,which also places higher demands on intelligent healthcare.In order to make machines play a role in HMI in healthcare more effectively and make human‐machine cooperation more harmonious,the authors need to build good humanmachine trust(HMT)in healthcare.This article provides a systematic overview of the prominent research on ML and HMT in healthcare.In addition,this study explores and analyses ML and three important factors that influence HMT in healthcare,and then proposes a HMT model in healthcare.Finally,general trends are summarised and issues to consider addressing in future research on HMT in healthcare are identified.

Trust in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review

Background: The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the true importance of trust in clinical practice by looking at how it is formed, how it affects clinical practice, and how to improve it. Methods: Using the PRISMA-ScR checklist, a review of the literature was performed to identify research evaluating the importance of trust in the doctor-patient relationship. After thorough screening and removal of duplicates, 21 articles were used in the literature review. Results: The classifying themes that emerged in the selected articles were What Makes Trust and Effects of Trust. The theme of What Makes Trust garnered two subthemes as well: Impact of Doctor-Patient Relationship on Trust and Impact of Shared Decision-Making on Trust. Further to that, the overarching themes found were slightly more specific. They were Traits of Trust, Mistrust and Barriers to Trust, Positive Effects of Trust and the Effects of a Lack of Trust. We found that the best way to improve trust was to improve communication between the patient and the doctor. Additionally, we found that the biggest barrier to a trusting doctor patient relationship was a stigmatised condition, followed by a perception of a financially-motivated doctor. Finally, we found that a lack of trust can prevent patients from seeking and receiving proper treatment. Conclusions: With a better understanding of how trust is built and the extent of the role it plays in clinical practice, we hope that this growing knowledge can improve the practice of many doctors in the future. It is certain that more research needs to be done in this area, especially focusing on vulnerable and stigmatised populations such as chronic pain patients.

Extension of Subjective Logic for Time-Related Trust

To describe the dynamic propcrty of trust relationship, wt propose atime-related trust model and extend Joang's subjective logic to fit for time-related trust model.The extension includes prepositional conjunction, disjunction and negation for traditional logic anddiscounting and consensus operators that are evidential operators specially designed for thepropagation and computation of trust relationships. With the extension of subjective logic fortime-related trust, our time-related trust modelis suitable to model the dynamic trust relationshipin practice. Finally an example of reputation assessment is offered to demonstrate the usage of ourtrust model.

高校图书馆用户关系管理指南针报告

教育部高等学校图书情报工作指导委员会和北京大学图书馆合作研制《高校图书馆用户关系管理指南针报告》,构建了高校图书馆用户关系管理理论框架,并采用问卷调查法对全国中大规模高校图书馆的用户关系管理情况开展调研,从用户受益、用户信任、用户参与等细分维度及整体进展方面对高校图书馆用户关系管理工作现状进行系统分析,总结出高校图书馆用户关系管理在顶层规划部署、服务拓展细化、信任培育加固、用户参与深化等方面的发展趋势,为高校图书馆用户关系建设与发展提供方向指引。

基于信任理论的北京大学图书馆用户关系管理新探

如何开展用户关系管理是高校图书馆现代化发展道路上必然面临的问题。北京大学图书馆将用户作为图书馆可持续发展的关键要素,自2018年以来,基于用户信任统筹推进用户关系管理,秉持真抓实干、重在参与、实在受益、贵在信任、凝心聚力的战略方针,构建相互信赖、深度协作、长期友好的用户关系,取得明显成效。文章对基于信任理论的北京大学图书馆用户关系管理的实践探索进行初步总结。

A Conceptual Model of Determinants of Trust between Partners in the Green Supply Chain

Managing supply chain partnerships for competitive advantage is receiving considerable recognition among both academic researchers and industry executives. Trust is an essential factor for a company to collaborate with its partner through supply chain （SC）. In this paper we analyze the factors of trust relationship in green supply chain （GSC）. A conceptual model of determinants of trust in GSC is presented. Finally, research propositions are discussed.

Building up Trust in Different Culture Contexts＂ Case Studies from the Animation Game Industry

This paper aims to explore the stages and processes of building up inter-firm trust in different national culture contexts. This is because the manufacturing system has increasing extents increasingly toward internationally network and inter-firm collaboration. Trust and commitment become important in inter-firm relationship. The way of building up trust varies from companies to companies, since it is impacted greatly by cultures and values. To investigate the details of trust, case studies,which used in animation game industry--an emerging industry based on project management and collaboration, were chosen. The research addresses activities in three stages--trust formation, trust development, and trust continuation.Characteristics and functionality of four types of trust--＂competence, reliability, goodwill and loyalty＂ are demonstrated from practice perspective through case studies, which is further linked with culture dimensionswith a framework model. The paper also raises some new research questions and themes for further research.

Influence of Trust on Social Commercial Behavior-Taking WeChat as an Example

The development of science and technology as well as the internet have brought changes to our daily lives.In addition,with the widespread use of social media,more and more people are using social platforms to connect with colleagues and serve business activities.This study takes WeChat,a specific social media platform in China,as an example to study how personal social relations influence personal consumption behaviour in the digital media era through WeChat users'daily use experience.This study adopts a mixed method.First,it tests users' perception based on cognitive and emotional factors through 122 questionnaire surveys.Then,the users'experiences from their participation in social enterprises are gathered through 10 semi-structured interviews,and subsequently,the relationship between personal relations and social enterprises are analyzed.Finally,after data collation and analysis,it can be concluded that trust is the core relationship quality and also the basis for promoting the development of social business activities.At the same time,since social business activities rely on social relations,the development of swift guanxi is conducive to the realization of repurchase behaviours in social business relations.

患者信任的多层内涵与影响机制探析

通过对不同界定取向下患者信任内涵的阐释,结合中国的社会文化情境,按照人际层面、机构层面和系统层面梳理了患者信任的概念内涵,归纳了患者信任的四种影响机制模型,包括基于患者的信任倾向性模型、基于医方的感知可信度模型、生态学模型和动态演变模型。未来应在人际信任、机构信任、系统信任的不同层次,全方位理解患者信任的影响路径;关注不同就医情境下患者信任的动态演变,及时识别信任受损风险;以及探索信任受损的修复策略及协同治理路径。

供应链企业间承诺、信任关系对绩效影响的内部整合机制研究

在当今竞争激烈的市场环境中,供应链管理已经成为企业成功的关键因素之一,而供应链企业间的关系对企业的发展具有深远的影响。研究以891家制造业企业为样本,探讨了供应链企业间承诺关系与信任关系对企业绩效的影响,运用因子分析法测算企业内部整合,通过回归分析法检验中介效应。研究结果显示,供应链企业间承诺关系与信任关系对企业财务绩效和市场绩效均有显著的正向影响,同时,企业内部整合在供应链企业间承诺关系与信任关系对绩效的影响中均发挥了不同程度的中介作用,供应链企业间关系促进了交易双方相关资源的共享,有效降低了交易成本,并通过内部整合合理协调各部门资源,进而促进企业绩效的提高。因此,企业管理者不仅要重视供应链企业间关系的建立与维持,而且要加强内部整合,以促进供应链企业间协同合作,从而实现绩效的提高。

社会工作专业关系的内在重构 --信任关系中的人伦“五常”

在社会工作本土化建设中,专业关系是社会工作者首要面对的问题。在现有的理论逻辑下审视专业关系,无法完全应对社会工作在实务中出现的问题。建立信任是构建专业关系的首要任务,信任也是维护专业关系持续向好的保障。将人伦“五常”理论移植于信任关系中似乎更符合中国人的文化传统,“五常”理论应用于人伦信任之中回应了社会工作对于伦理道德的缺失,为社会工作本土化的专业关系建构发展提供借鉴意义。

官员对民众信任的形成机制:文化主义视角下多元因素的解释

在政民关系中,政府与民众的相互信任同等重要,其中官员对民众的信任直接影响他们对公众意见的听取和采纳,但是关于官员对民众信任的影响因素研究目前还不充分。构建一个文化主义视角的模型并基于4000余份样本进行检测,结果显示中国政府官员对民众的信任总体呈现中等水平,受到官员的信任倾向、公共服务动机、家长式领导认同、传统媒体使用等因素的正向影响,同时受到传统等级观念、面子意识、互联网媒体使用等因素的负向影响。加强思想建设、践行社会主义核心价值观、弘扬人民至上的立场使命,有助于增强官员对民众的信任,改善干群关系,提升治理效能。

关系强度对农地流转契约选择影响的研究——来自贵州省4县(市)1108户农户的经验证据

基于贵州省4县(市)1108户农户的一手调研数据,利用Probit模型考察关系强度对农地流转契约选择的影响,同时使用改进中介效应模型进一步探讨其内在传导机制。结果表明:关系强度越弱,农户在农地流转时越倾向于采用书面式契约;自然空间距离以及信任在关系强度对农户农地流转契约选择的影响中具有中介效应。上述研究结论的启示为:在经济发展相对落后的农村地区,农地流转过程中的契约选择实质上尚未摆脱社会关系的影响,农地流转双方仍旧会基于关系强度来配置农地资源。因此,中央及各级地方政府在推动农地流转契约正规化的过程中,一定要充分考虑当地差序格局、信任机制以及关系网络等非正式制度供给在乡村治理中所发挥的重要作用。

通用人工智能时代的人与AI信任

随着技术的发展,通用人工智能初见雏形,人机交互以及人机关系将进入新的时代。人与人工智能(AI)的信任关系也即将从单方向的人对AI信任逐渐转变为人与AI的互信。本研究在回顾社会心理学中的人际信任模型与工程心理学中的人机信任模型的基础上,从人际信任视角提出了人与AI动态互信模型。该模型将人与AI视为对等的信任建立方,结合信任与被信任方的影响因素、结果反馈和行为调整构建了人与AI动态互信的基本理论框架,强调了人与AI信任中关系维度的“互信”与时程维度的“动态”这两个重要特征。模型首次将AI对人的信任以及二者互信的动态交互过程纳入分析,为人与AI的信任研究提供新的理论视角。未来研究应更多关注AI对人的信任如何建立与维持、人与AI互信的量化模型以及多智能体交互中的人与AI互信。

信息信义关系:数字经济时代信任关系的重建与选择

数字经济时代,平台与用户之间已形成持续不平等的信息关系,用户信息权益保护问题成为数字时代的重大课题。重建信任关系,是推动信息秩序良性发展的第一要义。信息信义理论和数据信托理论,前者可用于用户信息保护,后者更适用于数据共享治理。在平台与用户直接信息交互的场景中,通过嵌入传统型、专业型、守密型和影响力型信义关系,信息信义关系的创新方案得以全面证成,数字经济时代的信任关系得以有效重建。但信息信义关系在具体适用时仍面临信义义务冲突、私力救济不足和信息垄断风险等困境,该方案还需在未来实践中不断修正。

我国三级公立医院住院患者对医生的信任现状及影响因素研究

目的调查我国三级公立医院住院患者对医生的信任现状并分析其影响因素,为提升患者信任度、改善医患关系提供参考。方法依托第3次全国改善医疗服务行动第三方评估项目,选取全国31个省(区、市)和新疆生产建设兵团共136家三级公立医院开展调查,共收回21092名住院患者的调查问卷。应用R4.3.2软件对所得数据进行统计分析。结果我国三级公立医院住院患者对其主治医生的信任度为98.37%。患者职业、家庭年收入、医院类型等非医疗因素是住院患者对医生信任度的影响因素。结论我国三级公立医院住院患者对医生的信任度总体较高,但不同地区存在差异。应重视病区环境和膳食质量等非医疗因素的改进,以增强患者对医疗服务提供方的信任,提升患者整体就医体验,进一步改善医患关系。

社会资本视域下乡村治理共同体的构建

治理共同体的构建是乡村治理现代化的前提基础,是打造共建共治共享社会治理新格局的内在要求。以关系网络、社会信任和互惠规范为核心要素的社会资本作为内嵌于乡村社会中的重要治理资源,与乡村社会治理共同体具有高度的价值契合与逻辑关联。在中国式现代化进程中,乡村社会关系网络日趋松散、社会信任流失、互惠规范乏力,乡村治理共同体重建面临着社会资本接续不济、存量不足、功能衰弱等困境。新时代要实现乡村治理共同体的重建,需要重构关系网络,以组织再造优化乡村治理结构;重建互惠规范,激活乡村多元主体参与动能;重塑社会信任,培育乡村治理的公共精神与共情文化,通过社会资本再造驱动乡村社会治理现代化。