从主客二分到多级主体:构建人与自然和谐关系的新思路

人类在获得高度发达的工业文明的同时,日益恶化的环境问题又阻碍着社会的发展,在学界引发了"人类中心主义"与"非人类中心主义"之争。对于正处在工业文明进程中的中国来说,需要超越两种理论,表现在发展理念上,就是整合了"人类中心主义""主—客"模式与"非人类中心主义""主—主"模式的"主—客—主"多极主体思维模式。

A New Dimension of the Study of Urban Sports Population

It is possible and necessary to make a combined study of urban sports population and theory of social justice. Theoretically, sports population study belongs to sociology, but at present it is still confined in the ＂sports study＂ , thus due attention has not been paid to its sociological value and significance. On the other hand, the study of social justice tends to focus on material aspect and overlooks the spiritual aspects such as the sports justice. In reality, when it comes to urban sports population, there are problems of social justice as are mainly reflected in the unbalanced structure and severe disproportion of the social resources among different strata. Therefore it is highly necessary to explore solutions to the above problems by combining the two aspects, which in turn can help the theory of social justice to broaden its scope of application.

从“发展主义”到“以人为本”——双重转型背景下中国公共管理的路径转变

在全球化与国内社会双重转型的背景下,中国公共管理正在历经路径转变,即从“发展主义”转向“以人为本”。针对“发展主义”带来的失衡和以往形成于同质社会的一整套管理模式,中国公共管理的路径选择应以人为逻辑起点,构建全面、均衡、协调、可持续与可治理的社会。中国公共管理最终将从经济建设的管制型公共管理转变为均衡发展的服务型公共管理,从政府单独治理型公共管理转变为社会共同参与治理型公共管理,从为民做主的权力本位型公共管理转变为以人为本的权利本位型公共管理。