Innovative Research Group of Hunan Province

Team Profile Focusing on the major needs of national ecological civilization construction and soil environmentalprotection,the team systematically carried out researches on mining&metallurgy sites remediation,and the soilformation of bauxite residue.A new model of physical-chemical-biological based ecological disposal for bauxiteresidue was proposed,and a replicable and popularized soil-groundwater collaborative remediation technologyfor smelting sites was formed,with the demonstration projects of 250000 m^(2).

Ancient DNA unravels species identification from Laosicheng site,Hunan Province,China,and provides insights into maternal genetic history of East Asian leopards

DEAR EDITOR,The Laosicheng site in Yongshun County,Hunan Province,China,plays an important role in elucidating the animal population composition of the region prior to the middle Qing Dynasty(approximately 300 years ago).This site has yielded a substantial number of animal bones,11960 of which have been identified to the species level,serving as direct evidence of ancient animal populations(Hunan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,2018).

Four-to Six-Year Periodic Variation of Arctic Sea-Ice Extent and Its Three Main Driving Factors

Besides the rapid retreating trend of Arctic sea-ice extent(SIE),this study found the most outstanding low-frequency variation of SIE to be a 4-6-year periodic variation.Using a clustering analysis algorithm,the SIE in most ice-covered regions was clustered into two special regions:Region-1 around the Barents Sea and Region-2 around the Canadian Basin,which were located on either side of the Arctic Transpolar Drift.Clear 4-6-year periodic variation in these two regions was identified using a novel method called“running linear fitting algorithm”.The rate of temporal variation of the Arctic SIE was related to three driving factors:the regional air temperature,the sea-ice areal flux across the Arctic Transpolar Drift,and the divergence of sea-ice drift.The 4-6-year periodic variation was found to have always been present since 1979,but the SIE responded to different factors under heavy and light ice conditions divided by the year 2005.The joint contribution of the three factors to SIE variation exceeded 83%and 59%in the two regions,respectively,remarkably reflecting their dynamic mechanism.It is proven that the process of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is closely associated with the three factors,being the fundamental source of the 4-6-year periodic variations of Arctic SIE.

Garnet and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Geochemistry Reveal Genesis of the Dafang Au-Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit,Southern Hunan

Garnet is a primary mineral in skarn deposits and plays a significant role in recording copious mineralization and metallogenic information.This study systematically investigates the geochemistry and geochronology of garnet and zircon in the Dafang Au-Pb-Zn-Ag deposit,which represents prominent gold mineralization in southern Hunan,China.Garnet samples with distinct zoning patterns and compositional variations were identified using various analytical techniques,including Backscattered Electron(BSE)imaging,Cathodoluminescence(CL)response,textural characterization,and analysis of rare-earth elements(REE),major contents,and trace element compositions.The garnet was dated U-Pb dating,which yielded a lower intercept age of 161.06±1.93 Ma.This age is older than the underlying granodiorite porphyry,which has a concordia age of 155.13±0.95 Ma determined by zircon U-Pb dating.These results suggest that the gold mineralization may be related to the concealed granite.Two groups of garnet changed from depleted Al garnet to enriched Al garnet,and the rare earth element(REE)patterns of these groups were converted from light REE(LREE)-enriched and heavy REE(HREE)-depleted with positive europium(Eu)anomalies to medium REE(MREE)-enriched from core to rim zoning.The different REE patterns of garnet in various zones may be attributed to changes in the fluid environment and late superposition alteration.The development of distal skarn in the southern Hunan could be a significant indicator for identifying gold mineralization.

Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. Results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

Material Analysis of Traditional Folk Dwellings and Its Modern Inheritance:A Case Study of Traditional Folk Dwellings in Hunan Province

Traditional folk dwellings contain rich cultural connotations and plain architectural techniques.In architecture,material is the most fundamental thing,different materials can demonstrate different architectural forms,and reflect local characteristics and change of the time.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the material selection of traditional Chinese folk dwellings.The paper took traditional folk dwellings in Hunan for example to analyze the regional materials and construction of these dwellings,discussed the application of traditional materials in modern architecture,used some cases to explore the innovative application of traditional materials,so as to figure out the new direction of applying traditional materials,and provide references for the construction of modern architecture.

Origin of the Yueguang gold deposit in Xinhua, Hunan Province, South China: insights from fl uid inclusion and hydrogen–oxygen stable isotope analysis

The Yueguang gold deposit is located in Fengjia,Xinhua County,Hunan Province,South China.It represents a recently discovered small-scale gold deposit situated in the southwestern region of the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt,west of the Baimashan granitic batholith.In order to discern the characteristics of the ore-formingfluids,the underlying mineralization processes,and establish a foundation for the origin of the Yueguang gold depositfluid inclusion micro-thermometry,as well as quartz hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis,have been carried out on samples obtained from various stages of mineralization.The hydrothermal miner-alization stages within the Yueguang gold deposit can be categorized into three stages:(i)the barren,pre-ore quartz-pyrite stage(Stage Ⅰ),the quartz-pyrite-gold stage(Stage Ⅱ),and the post-ore quartz-carbonate stage(Stage Ⅲ),with the second stage being the main mineralization stage.Thefluid inclusions identified in samples from the main min-eralization stage can predominantly be described with the NaCl–H_(2)O and CO_(2)–NaCl–H_(2)O systems.These inclusions display homogenization temperatures ranging from 158.8 to 334.9℃,and thefluid salinity ranges from 0.3%to 4.0%(wt.%NaCl equiv.).Laser Raman spectroscopy analysis of individual inclusions further reveals the presence of gas-phases such as CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2).Isotopic analysis indicatesδ^(18)Ofluid values ranging from 3.95 to 6.7‰ and δDH_(2)O values ranging from-71.9 to-55.7‰.These results indi-cate that the ore-formingfluid of the Yueguang gold deposit belongs to metamorphic hydrothermalfluids of middle-low temperature and low salinity.In the process of ore formation,gold is transported in the form of Au(HS)2-complexes,with gold deposition being driven byfluid immiscibility.Therefore,the Yueguang gold deposit is categorized as an orogenic gold deposit dominated by metamorphic hydrother-malfluid.It may become a new target for gold exploration in the Baimashan region,central Hunan Province.

The Late Tremadocian(Ordovician)Graptolite Kiaerograptus from Central Hunan,China:Taxonomy and Biostratigraphy

Well-preserved graptolites of the genus Kiaerograptus are first reported from the upper Tremadocian Yinchupu Formation in the Nanba section,Yiyang,Hunan Province,South China,including four species,i.e.,Kiaerograptus lauzonensis(Erdtmann,1966),Kiaerograptus stoermeri(Erdtmann,1965),Kiaerograptus cf.supremus?Lindholm,1991,and Kiaerograptus sp.,which are robust in form.Based on these new specimens,the Kiaerograptus biozone is established for the first time in South China,increasing the late Tremadoc graptolite biozones in South China from four to five,in ascending order as follows:the Adelograptus tenellus biozone,the Aorograptus victoriae biozone,the Kiaerograptus biozone,the Sagenograptus murrayi biozone,and the Hunnegraptus copiosus biozone.A review of the occurrence records for robust Kiaerograptus species worldwide reveals that the distribution is restricted to the Aorograptus victoriae biozone and Kiaerograptus biozone in the late Tremadocian.This limited stratigraphical distribution makes Kiaerograptus a valuable taxon for precise biostratigraphical correlation at both the regional and global scales.

Extention of Time Limit Mandated by SIPO(as basically limited to one extention and for two months at most)

The State Intellectual Poperty Office has announcedan amendment to Sec.5,Paragrph 4.2.of Chapter 7 ofExamination Guidelines.According to the newregulations,for making a respon to an office actionduring the prosecution of a patent application,only a firstrequest for a two-month extension of time can be basicallyallowed upon payment of official fee of RMB300(aboutUSD36).For further extension after the first one,onlyanother request for one or two months,at most twomonths,would be possibly petitioned together with a copyof the client’s instructions of the further extension and

The Pathogenic Characteristics of the Initial Three Mpox Cases in Hunan Province, China

Mpox virus (MPXV) belongs to the family Poxviridae,subfamily Chordopoxvirinae,and genus Orthopoxvirus,which also includes Variola virus(VARV),Cowpox virus (CPXV),and Vaccinia virus(VACV).Clinical symptoms of mpox are similar to smallpox but are relatively milder^([1]).MPXV was first isolated from crab-eating monkeys in the tropical rainforests of Africa in 1958^([2]).The first human case of MPXV infection was reported in the Congo in1970^([3]).Following the eradication of smallpox in1977,mpox has emerged as one of the prominent viral members of the Poxviridae family,significantly impacting public health^([4]),mainly prevalent in Central and West Africa.Starting from May 2022.

Re–Os and Pb isotope features of pyrite in the Shihangli graphite deposit:implications of coal-generated graphite mineralization in central Hunan,South China

The coal metamorphism in Central Hunan pro-vides valuable information about hydrothermal activity and water/rock reactions.Learning how to collect age data on hydrothermal fluid systems is necessary for understanding the history and genetic mechanisms of large-scale coal-generated graphite deposits.The Shihangli graphite deposit,formed by significant siliceous hydrothermal alteration,is the most distinctive in Central Hunan.Re–Os dating of pyrite from the Shihangli graphite deposit demonstrates that the coal-generated graphite mineraliza-tion age is-127.6±3.8 Ma.Based on in-situ mineral analysis,the hydrothermal pyrite in the Shihangli graphite deposit is mostly enriched in Sb,As,Au,W,Ag,Cu,Pb,and Zn.Based on the pyrite Re–Os isochron,the initial(^(187)Os/^(188)Os)values of pyrite were 1.03±0.24 and the Os(t)values varied from 571.8 to 755.1.Pyrite from the Shihangli graphite deposit comprises a Pb isotope composition similar to that of the Madiyi Formation bulk rock and stibnite from the Xikuangshan Sb deposit.Based on the Re–Os,Sr,S,and Pb isotopic compositions of sul-fides in the graphite and Sb deposits in Central Hunan,the Madiyi Formation was likely the primary source of ore-forming elements(Sb,Au,and As).The Re–Os and Pb isotope compositions of pyrite most likely reflect when large-scale fluid migration and coal-generated graphite mineralization occurred in Central Hunan.

Population whole-genome resequencing reveals the phylogenetic relationships and population structure of four Hunan typical tea landraces

Hunan is located at the evolutionary transitional zone edge of the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau,where tea germplasms are abundant.At present,although morphological,enzymological and molecular markers have been used to study the genetic relationship of these tea germplasms.However,due to the complexity of the genetic background of tea germplasm resources,the evolution history and taxonomy of Hunan tea germplasm is still unclear.In this study,four Hunan tea landraces from the evolutionary transitional zone were collected,including nine'Chengbu Dongcha'(CBDC),eight'Jianghua Kucha'(JHKC),11'Rucheng Baimao'(RCBM)and eight'Anhua Yuntai'(AHYT).We used whole-genome re-sequencing to identify genetic variation,phylogenetic placement,and population structure among the four tea landraces and then scanned the genome for regions related to population potential selective.Across the samples,we identified an average of 1.38 million(M)SNPs and 6.82×10^(3)INDELs.Based on the high-quality SNPs,we performed neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree,population structure,and principal component analysis,all of which supported that the 36 tea germplasms could been divided into two groups,CBDC and AHYT were clustered into a group,and RCBM and JHKC were clustered into another group.With CBDC,JHKC,and RCBM as control,407,380,and 147 selected genes were identified in AHYT,respectively,were in the top 5%of F_(ST)and Log_(2)^(Ratioθπ)scores.The identified genes are mainly involved in stress tolerance,biosynthesis of important secondary metabolites,adaptability,and yield.These results will be helpful in the classification of tea germplasms and investigating selection–related genes.

湖南耕地土壤和稻米重金属污染防控实践与思考

湖南省是我国主要产粮区之一。由于矿产经济活动及其他人类活动,大面积耕地土壤受到重金属污染,从而一些地方的稻米重金属含量超过国家食品卫生标准。本研究对湖南省耕地土壤与稻米重金属污染现状和成因进行剖析。结果表明:湖南耕地土壤重金属污染特征是复合污染为主,污染程度逐年上升,主要分布在湘江流域和工矿区,并逐渐蔓延至养殖区,稻米重金属污染主要以Cd为主,其次是As和Pb。针对湖南稻米重金属污染的各种防控措施,阐述其工作原理、应用实例和优缺点,然后对湖南省开展的土壤重金属污染修复措施和研究进行总结与思考,提出应当构建一种基于土壤组成的原味钝化材料耦合易操作农艺措施的经济、绿色、高效的综合性技术方案,以期来修复耕地土壤重金属污染和降低稻米重金属含量,保障粮食安全生产。

湘西北北部地区黑色岩系铀多金属成矿环境研究

湘西北北部地区主要包括晓坪坳陷、慈利断陷盆地等区域,是湘西北成矿带上有用元素种类和矿物类型最为丰富的地区。文章通过对湘西北北部地区开展系统的地质调查评价和取样分析,研究表明区内铀多金属矿化形成环境主要为深水环境向浅水环境的过渡区域,海洋中的边缘浅海环境具有更佳的铀成矿条件。微量元素特征参数表明,研究区从震旦纪到寒武纪海洋环境是由相对富氧向缺氧环境的转变,寒武纪在海水缺氧的大背景下,发生过一到两次短时间小规模的充氧事件。对U、Th、稀土等元素的研究表明湘西北北部地区从震旦纪晚期到寒武纪早期U的富集速率明显加快,而后U富集速率逐渐降低,指示研究区在寒武纪早期海洋中的热水作用最为强烈,而后逐步减弱,且成矿作用过程中有深部物质的参与,矿化越好,受深部热水影响越强。对Ce的研究结果表明,研究区震旦纪到寒武纪在大的海退背景下存在3个较为明显的海平面“升-降”转化界面,可以将这段地质历史划分为4个海平面升降变化阶段,在海平面升高阶段,沉积物中Ce异常减小,海洋中还原性增强,有利于有机质和铀多金属元素的富集。研究区矿物学方面的发现与通过地球化学方法得出的结论具有较好的一致性,晶质铀矿、铀石等矿物的晶型、共生关系和所包含的Y、Se等元素指示寒武纪时期研究区黑色岩系成矿处于较高温度、强还原的条件下,且海底热流喷涌过程中携带有深源物质参与成矿。

湘东北地区早寒武世石煤沉积物源区研究

湘东北地区早寒武世石煤中伴生有多种高含量元素,属性特征鲜明。为查明该区石煤的沉积物来源,从石煤元素地球化学角度入手,利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP–MS)分别测定了研究区12个石煤样品的常量元素和微量元素含量。根据石煤中常量元素组合关系、微量元素含量特征、稀土元素分布特征及相关元素地球化学参数,探讨了湘东北地区早寒武世石煤的沉积物源区。结果表明:湘东北地区早寒武世石煤以无机矿物质为主要组成部分,石煤中SiO_(2)含量占比最高,SiO_(2)与其他常量元素(及其他常量元素之间)关系不明显,石英矿物形态具有陆源输入特征;石煤中微量元素(V,As,Sr,Mo,Cd,Sb,Ba,Bi,U)具有明显富集特征,稀土元素分布特征和Nb/Y–Zr/TiO_(2)关系表明石煤受到了中性岩影响,LaN/YbN表明石煤沉积物沉积速率自东南向西北有减小趋势,即物源来自东部和南部方向;w(SiO_(2))/w(Al_(2)O_(3)),w(Al_(2)O_(3))/w(Al_(2)O_(3)+Fe_(2)O_(3)),w(Al)/w(Al+Fe+Mn)和K_(2)O/Na_(2)O–SiO_(2)构造判别模型显示早寒武世石煤沉积于大陆边缘区域,主要接受陆源输入。通过与研究区东南方向分布的上墅群中酸性岩中稀土元素、Rb、Nb、Pb含量以及双溪坞群出露的岩浆岩中常量元素含量及组合特征综合比较,并结合江南造山带的演化历史,认为江南造山带东南缘发育的中、酸性岩带为湘东北地区早寒武世石煤沉积物源区,亦是石煤富集微量元素的主控因素之一。

CREG promote the acquisition of CREG Hunan

China Rare Earth Group(CREG)announced on November 21st that the company issued80,331,800 A-shares to 14 specific targets at a price of 26.1 yuan/share,raising a total of about 2.097billion yuan,and after deducting related expenses,the net raised funds were about 2.081 billion yuan.The Central SOEs Industrial Investment Fund for Rural Area was the single largest subscriber,and was allocated 22,988,500 shares,with an allocation amount of about 600 million yuan,accounting for28.6%of the total fundraising.After the issuance,the fund would become the third largest shareholder of CREG with a shareholding ratio of 2.17%.

生态旅游赋能矿山修复开发适宜性评价及影响因素

【目的】发展生态旅游赋能以绿色矿山为代表的矿山土地综合修复利用受到广泛关注,研究生态旅游赋能矿山修复开发适宜性评价体系与影响因素,为全国绿色矿山生态旅游高质量发展提供技术支撑。【方法】基于层次分析法(AHP)从科研价值、历史文化价值、休闲游憩价值、生态环境价值、矿区开发条件、城市开发环境6个维度构建了绿色矿山生态旅游评价指标体系,以湖南为案例地,运用因子分析法测算湖南绿色矿山生态旅游开发适宜性评价,采用多元线性回归方法分析了湖南绿色矿山生态旅游开发的影响因素。【结果】结果显示,湖南绿色矿山生态旅游开发评价指标综合评分最高为0.84,最低为0.38,开发评价指标综合评分差距较小。旅游资源丰富程度、生态环境质量、政策支持情况通过了1%水平的显著性检验,基础设施、相关者的参与度和友善度、交通便利性通过了5%水平的显著性检验,且与湖南绿色矿山生态旅游开发存在正相关关系,风险安全状况对湖南绿色矿山生态旅游开发影响不显著。【结论】湖南省生态旅游赋能矿山修复开发潜力大,为此,应加强政府的宏观规划管理,制定相应政策法规,引导和保障矿山生态旅游开发。加强科学技术与数字化水平,加大创新投入,充分利用矿山遗留资源和当地文化,在生态修复保护的基础上,提高矿山生态旅游价值,打造矿山生态旅游产品。

湖南省非物质文化遗产传统美术类保护研究二十年:回顾与展望

旨在梳理湖南省非物质文化遗产传统美术保护近20年的相关研究并展望其未来研究内容及发展方向。通过中国知网(CNKI)检索,使用VOSviewer、CiteSpace软件,从发文量、关键词和研究内容等几个方面梳理和总结了近20年来的湖南省非遗传统美术类保护研究的论文,并根据研究文献数量占比较大的原因着重分析了非遗湘绣、滩头年画和花瑶挑花3个项目的研究现状;同时从非遗传统美术类项目保护角度进行了文献分析,进而认为未来可以从实践出发来探索湖南非遗传统美术类项目的“技艺”,从需要出发去探索标准化生产的可能性和可实施性以及品牌建设,从发展出发进行城市设计师服务乡村非遗传统美术的可行性3个方面进一步展开探索。

湖南省畜禽养殖粪污的耕地负荷与土地承载力评价

[目的]测算和分析畜禽养殖粪污耕地负荷和土地承载力,为防治农业面源污染,促进农牧协调发展提供科学依据。[方法]根据湖南省畜禽养殖、作物产量等数据资料,在考虑粪污综合利用率的前提下,采用产排污系数法、养分平衡法分别计算2020年各地市州畜禽养殖耕地污染负荷和土地承载力,分析畜禽养殖空间布局以及粪污消纳分配。[结果]湖南省2020年共养殖猪当量4.27×10^(7)头,各区域养殖量差异很大;畜禽粪便和TN,TP耕地负荷分别为19.04t/hm^(2),94.85,24.99kg/hm^(2),耕地负荷警报级别均在Ⅱ级以上,对耕地环境稍有威胁,其中永州市、娄底市、怀化市、郴州市至少有两项耕地负荷警报级别达到了Ⅲ级及以上,耕地环境风险较高;畜禽养殖土地最大承载量为1.23×10^(8)头猪当量,已养殖猪当量仅占其37.18%。各地市州的可增加养殖量也非常可观,常德市、益阳市、岳阳市、邵阳市、长沙市、永州市、衡阳市7个市的可养殖猪当量在5.00×10^(6)头以上。在确认区域内畜禽养殖未超载的基础上,永州市、娄底市、怀化市、郴州市要鼓励林地、园地的作物管理者增加有机肥的施用比例,加大粪污消纳量,才能降低耕地环境污染风险。[结论]湖南省畜禽养殖耕地环境风险整体上较低,畜禽养殖业发展空间很大,但是部分地市州存在耕地污染风险,必须调整粪污消纳去向,才能缓解耕地的粪污消纳压力,推动农业可持续发展。

湖南农产品加工业高质量发展战略研究

湖南农产品加工业实现了持续平稳较快发展,已发展成为湖南省三大万亿产业之一,但加工业依然存在大而不强、产业链不长且不完整等问题,高质量发展面临诸多挑战。为此,应按照全产业链发展思维,以结构调整优化与转型升级为主线,以延链补链强链为目标,构建农产品加工业全产业链“63”一体化发展体系,即大力实施“厚植产业发展基础”“做强产业发展主体”“做大总量做优质量”“做强产业发展支撑”“健全质量保障体系”“提升精准管理服务能力”等六大战略重点,提出“强化组织领导与部门统筹”“强化考核评估与实施监督”“构建协同发展机制”等三大战略保障措施,打造层次分明且功能齐全的现代农产品加工业体系,助力建设全国知名的一流农产品加工业发展高地,加快促进湖南省农产品加工业的高质量发展,为全面推进农业农村现代化、实现乡村振兴提供重要支撑。