The city of Comè adjoins the commune of Grand-Popo and the Togolese Republic. The latter is experiencing urban sprawl and the disappearance of natural ecosystems without respecting Land Use Plans. This research w...The city of Comè adjoins the commune of Grand-Popo and the Togolese Republic. The latter is experiencing urban sprawl and the disappearance of natural ecosystems without respecting Land Use Plans. This research was initiated to analyze the dynamics observed in land use and foretell the city urban sprawl. The method used is based on both mapping and field surveys. Landsat TM 2005 and OLI TIRS 2023 images have been processed to produce environmental dynamics and sprawl in addition to geographical coordinates of infrastructure, subdivision data and populations from 1979 to 2023. The “Land Change Modeler” program used in ArcGIS was used to predict urban sprawl in 2041. Population perceptions were analyzed from surveys of 100 people. Excel 2010 was used to produce the graphs. The results showed that the city of Comè grew from 221.1 ha to 2500.1 ha between 2005 and 2023. This urban sprawl does not necessarily follow the urban planning and land use plans proposed in the Master plan for the development of the municipality (SDAC). Subdivision operations, land use, population, infrastructure and geographical location of the crossroads town have all contributed to this sprawl. By 2041, the city will have expanded to 5583.37 ha. Over time, if this accelerated and uncontrolled urbanization is ignored, the city will expand to the point where the commune, which used to produce maize, oil palm, fish and vegetable resources, will find itself unable to provide these resources for its people.展开更多
Background: Advanced maternal age, over 35 years, is a well-known risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes. It is commonly associated with various pregnancy complications, such as spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia/...Background: Advanced maternal age, over 35 years, is a well-known risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes. It is commonly associated with various pregnancy complications, such as spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia/ toxemia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm labor, stillbirth, chromosomal abnormalities, and cesarean delivery. Objectives: This study assessed obstetric and neonatal complications associated with advanced maternal age. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 199 pregnant women over 35 years old at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January to June 2022. We gathered data on age, nationality, number of antenatal visits, results of ultrasound scans for dating and viability, nuchal translucency and anatomy surveys, medications and multivitamins taken during pregnancy, smoking status, pregnancy, and fetal complications, and mode of delivery. Results: The prevalence of obstetric complications was 71.4% (preeclampsia/toxemia, 4.5%;antepartum hemorrhage, 4%;postpartum hemorrhage, 1%;and gestational diabetes, 23.1%). The most frequent complication was preterm labor between 34 and 36 weeks (48%), and only 12.6% of all deliveries were associated with fetal and neonatal complications such as congenital anomalies and neonatal jaundice. The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was 10.1%, 21.1%, and 28.6% in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, and pregnancies complicated with antepartum or postpartum hemorrhage were associated with higher rates of anemia in the second trimester. A significant relationship was found between mean maternal age (38.84 ± 2.75 years) and the development of maternal complications (p < 0.05). Newborns with neonatal complications were much more likely to be born to mothers with a history of antepartum hemorrhage and anemia in the second trimester. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that pregnancy at an advanced maternal age is associated with increased overall maternal complications. The most frequent complication was preterm labor (48%). Other complications, such as preeclampsia/toxemia, antepartum hemorrhage, postpartum hemorrhage, gestational diabetes, and anemia, were less frequent in the sample we reviewed.展开更多
Azadirachtin,a complex tetratriterpenoid limonin with potent insecticidal properties,is the most widely used biological pesticide worldwide.Its versatile pharmacological applications include the inhibition of tumor gr...Azadirachtin,a complex tetratriterpenoid limonin with potent insecticidal properties,is the most widely used biological pesticide worldwide.Its versatile pharmacological applications include the inhibition of tumor growth and anti-malarial,anti-bacterial,and anti-inflammatory properties.Azadirachtin plays a pivotal role in pest control and novel drug development.The primary source of azadirachtin is the neem tree(Azadirachta indica A.Juss),with an azadirachtin content ranging from 0.3%to 0.5%.Despite the market demand for botanical pesticides reaching approximately 100,000 tons per year,the annual neem production in China is only 1.14 tons.Although azadirachtin can be obtained through plant extraction or chemical synthesis,the quantity obtained does not meet the market demand in China.The sluggish pace of azadirachtin biosynthesis results from the limited availability of genetic information and the complexity of the synthetic pathway.Recent advancements in azadirachtin biosynthesis hold promise as an efficient collection method.In this study,we explored the physicochemical properties,biological activities,mechanisms of action,and acquisition methods of azadirachtin.We also delved into recent progress in azadirachtin biosynthesis and assessed potential future usage challenges.This study aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the scientific application and efficient synthesis of azadirachtin,offering valuable reference information to the industry.展开更多
文摘The city of Comè adjoins the commune of Grand-Popo and the Togolese Republic. The latter is experiencing urban sprawl and the disappearance of natural ecosystems without respecting Land Use Plans. This research was initiated to analyze the dynamics observed in land use and foretell the city urban sprawl. The method used is based on both mapping and field surveys. Landsat TM 2005 and OLI TIRS 2023 images have been processed to produce environmental dynamics and sprawl in addition to geographical coordinates of infrastructure, subdivision data and populations from 1979 to 2023. The “Land Change Modeler” program used in ArcGIS was used to predict urban sprawl in 2041. Population perceptions were analyzed from surveys of 100 people. Excel 2010 was used to produce the graphs. The results showed that the city of Comè grew from 221.1 ha to 2500.1 ha between 2005 and 2023. This urban sprawl does not necessarily follow the urban planning and land use plans proposed in the Master plan for the development of the municipality (SDAC). Subdivision operations, land use, population, infrastructure and geographical location of the crossroads town have all contributed to this sprawl. By 2041, the city will have expanded to 5583.37 ha. Over time, if this accelerated and uncontrolled urbanization is ignored, the city will expand to the point where the commune, which used to produce maize, oil palm, fish and vegetable resources, will find itself unable to provide these resources for its people.
文摘Background: Advanced maternal age, over 35 years, is a well-known risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes. It is commonly associated with various pregnancy complications, such as spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia/ toxemia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm labor, stillbirth, chromosomal abnormalities, and cesarean delivery. Objectives: This study assessed obstetric and neonatal complications associated with advanced maternal age. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 199 pregnant women over 35 years old at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January to June 2022. We gathered data on age, nationality, number of antenatal visits, results of ultrasound scans for dating and viability, nuchal translucency and anatomy surveys, medications and multivitamins taken during pregnancy, smoking status, pregnancy, and fetal complications, and mode of delivery. Results: The prevalence of obstetric complications was 71.4% (preeclampsia/toxemia, 4.5%;antepartum hemorrhage, 4%;postpartum hemorrhage, 1%;and gestational diabetes, 23.1%). The most frequent complication was preterm labor between 34 and 36 weeks (48%), and only 12.6% of all deliveries were associated with fetal and neonatal complications such as congenital anomalies and neonatal jaundice. The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was 10.1%, 21.1%, and 28.6% in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, and pregnancies complicated with antepartum or postpartum hemorrhage were associated with higher rates of anemia in the second trimester. A significant relationship was found between mean maternal age (38.84 ± 2.75 years) and the development of maternal complications (p < 0.05). Newborns with neonatal complications were much more likely to be born to mothers with a history of antepartum hemorrhage and anemia in the second trimester. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that pregnancy at an advanced maternal age is associated with increased overall maternal complications. The most frequent complication was preterm labor (48%). Other complications, such as preeclampsia/toxemia, antepartum hemorrhage, postpartum hemorrhage, gestational diabetes, and anemia, were less frequent in the sample we reviewed.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (C12021A04111 and C12021A04116)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes (ZZ14-YQ-031 and ZZ13-YQ-040)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Project (2019YFC19066)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32200308).
文摘Azadirachtin,a complex tetratriterpenoid limonin with potent insecticidal properties,is the most widely used biological pesticide worldwide.Its versatile pharmacological applications include the inhibition of tumor growth and anti-malarial,anti-bacterial,and anti-inflammatory properties.Azadirachtin plays a pivotal role in pest control and novel drug development.The primary source of azadirachtin is the neem tree(Azadirachta indica A.Juss),with an azadirachtin content ranging from 0.3%to 0.5%.Despite the market demand for botanical pesticides reaching approximately 100,000 tons per year,the annual neem production in China is only 1.14 tons.Although azadirachtin can be obtained through plant extraction or chemical synthesis,the quantity obtained does not meet the market demand in China.The sluggish pace of azadirachtin biosynthesis results from the limited availability of genetic information and the complexity of the synthetic pathway.Recent advancements in azadirachtin biosynthesis hold promise as an efficient collection method.In this study,we explored the physicochemical properties,biological activities,mechanisms of action,and acquisition methods of azadirachtin.We also delved into recent progress in azadirachtin biosynthesis and assessed potential future usage challenges.This study aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the scientific application and efficient synthesis of azadirachtin,offering valuable reference information to the industry.
