Selenga River human dispersal path in Initial Upper Paleolithic

Here,we consider earlier Upper Paleolithic sites in the Selenga River Basin,the main fluvial input of Lake Baikal that flows through northern Mongolia and the southwestern Transbaikal region of Russia.Lithic industries from these sites can be attributed to the laminar Initial Upper Paleolithic(IUP)technocomplex,widespread in southern Siberia and Central Asia.IUP industries appear in the Selenga Basin about 45 kaBP cal.Aspects of regional typological variability and the transport of exotic raw materials over long distances indicate that these populations participated in developed exchange networks and employed high mobility targeting the acquisition of necessary raw materials.Two site types are present:quarry-workshops in northern Mongolia and generalized activity settlements in the southwestern Transbaikal.Although faunal data are limited,we interpret available information as indicating a specialization on hunting,focusing on migrating steppe game species.The distribution of sites in the mid-altitudes and landscapes of the Selenga-Orkhon geographical region and the geomorphological homogeneity of this territory also supported interregional human moves during the IUP.

Multi-Robot Collaborative Hunting in Cluttered Environments With Obstacle-Avoiding Voronoi Cells

This work proposes an online collaborative hunting strategy for multi-robot systems based on obstacle-avoiding Voronoi cells in a complex dynamic environment. This involves firstly designing the construction method using a support vector machine(SVM) based on the definition of buffered Voronoi cells(BVCs). Based on the safe collision-free region of the robots, the boundary weights between the robots and the obstacles are dynamically updated such that the robots are tangent to the buffered Voronoi safety areas without intersecting with the obstacles. Then, the robots are controlled to move within their own buffered Voronoi safety area to achieve collision-avoidance with other robots and obstacles. The next step involves proposing a hunting method that optimizes collaboration between the pursuers and evaders. Some hunting points are generated and distributed evenly around a circle. Next, the pursuers are assigned to match the optimal points based on the Hungarian algorithm.Then, a hunting controller is designed to improve the containment capability and minimize containment time based on collision risk. Finally, simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed cooperative hunting method is more competitive in terms of time and travel distance.

Integration of bio-inspired limb-like structure damping into motor suspension of high-speed trains to enhance bogie hunting stability

Hunting stability is an important performance criterion in railway vehicles.This study proposes an incorporation of a bio-inspired limb-like structure(LLS)-based nonlinear damping into the motor suspension system for traction units to improve the nonlinear critical speed and hunting stability of high-speed trains(HSTs).Initially,a vibration transmission analysis is conducted on a HST vehicle and a metro vehicle that suffered from hunting motion to explore the effect of different motor suspension systems from on-track tests.Subsequently,a simplified lateral dynamics model of an HST bogie is established to investigate the influence of the motor suspension on the bogie hunting behavior.The bifurcation analysis is applied to optimize the motor suspension parameters for high critical speed.Then,the nonlinear damping of the bio-inspired LLS,which has a positive correlation with the relative displacement,can further improve the modal damping of hunting motion and nonlinear critical speed compared with the linear motor suspension system.Furthermore,a comprehensive numerical model of a high-speed train,considering all nonlinearities,is established to investigate the influence of different types of motor suspension.The simulation results are well consistent with the theoretical analysis.The benefits of employing nonlinear damping of the bio-inspired LLS into the motor suspension of HSTs to enhance bogie hunting stability are thoroughly validated.

People Powered Search Engines:Cyber Witch Hunts or Public Service?

Being too critical, outspoken or engaging in behavior deemed immoral can get you into big trouble in China. And it’s not the authori-ties we’re talking about here. The power of the people has found a new outlet to vent

以Hunt综合征起病的MOG-IgG相关脑干脑炎1例报告

目的提高临床医生对MOG-IgG相关孤立性脑干脑炎的认识。方法收集并回顾性分析1例以Hunt综合征起病的MOG-IgG相关脑干脑炎患者的临床资料,并进行相关文献检索,归纳总结并讨论。结果患者女性,24岁,主因头晕、左眼睑闭合不全20余天入院,入院后频繁顽固性恶心、呕吐,完善头部MR、腰椎穿刺、神经电图等检查,发现血清MOG-IgG阳性,诊断为MOG-IgG相关脑干脑炎,给予甲泼尼龙冲击治疗,患者症状明显缓解,未再复发。结论MOG-IgG相关孤立性脑干脑炎在临床上较为少见,其临床表现多样,本例患者病灶较为局限、症状较轻,容易漏诊、误诊,通过本例可提高临床医生对此病的认识,为及时治疗及良好预后提供理论依据。

三叉神经带状疱疹合并不典型Ramsay Hunt综合征1例

三叉神经带状疱疹合并不典型Ramsay Hunt综合征在临床上非常罕见。Ramsay Hunt综合征的发病机制为潜伏在膝状神经节内的水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)因各种原因被再度激活所致。该文报告1例三叉神经带状疱疹合并不典型Ramsay Hunt综合征病例。

马铭华主任医师针刺联合推拿治疗Hunt综合征经验撷要

马铭华主任临证多年,致力于通过针刺联合传统推拿手法治疗多系统疾病,学验颇丰,其既注重对传统治疗手段的继承与发扬,也善于从现代解剖学中挖掘思路。在Hunt综合征的治疗上,马主任总结出了一套卓有成效的治疗方法,以“疏风清热,养血柔筋”为治疗大法,强调治病求本,扶正以祛邪,形成了独到而深刻的诊疗思路。本文通过典型病例简要介绍马主任治疗本病的特点,以飨同道。

Research on hunting stability and bifurcation characteristics of nonlinear stochastic wheelset system

A stochastic wheelset model with a nonlinear wheel-rail contact relationship is established to investigate the stochastic stability and stochastic bifurcation of the wheelset system with the consideration of the stochastic parametric excitations of equivalent conicity and suspension stiffness.The wheelset is systematized into a onedimensional(1D)diffusion process by using the stochastic average method,the behavior of the singular boundary is analyzed to determine the hunting stability condition of the wheelset system,and the critical speed of stochastic bifurcation is obtained.The stationary probability density and joint probability density are derived theoretically.Based on the topological structure change of the probability density function,the stochastic Hopf bifurcation form and bifurcation condition of the wheelset system are determined.The effects of stochastic factors on the hunting stability and bifurcation characteristics are analyzed,and the simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.The results reveal that the boundary behavior of the diffusion process determines the hunting stability of the stochastic wheelset system,and the left boundary characteristic value cL=1 is the critical state of hunting stability.Besides,stochastic D-bifurcation and P-bifurcation will appear in the wheelset system,and the critical speeds of the two kinds of stochastic bifurcation decrease with the increase in the stochastic parametric excitation intensity.

Accurate threat hunting in industrial internet of things edge devices

Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)systems depend on a growing number of edge devices such as sensors,controllers,and robots for data collection,transmission,storage,and processing.Any kind of malicious or abnormal function by each of these devices can jeopardize the security of the entire IIoT.Moreover,they can allow malicious software installed on end nodes to penetrate the network.This paper presents a parallel ensemble model for threat hunting based on anomalies in the behavior of IIoT edge devices.The proposed model is flexible enough to use several state-of-the-art classifiers as the basic learner and efficiently classifies multi-class anomalies using the Multi-class AdaBoost and majority voting.Experimental evaluations using a dataset consisting of multi-source normal records and multi-class anomalies demonstrate that our model outperforms existing approaches in terms of accuracy,F1 score,recall,and precision.

Cooperative multi-target hunting by unmanned surface vehicles based on multi-agent reinforcement learning

To solve the problem of multi-target hunting by an unmanned surface vehicle(USV)fleet,a hunting algorithm based on multi-agent reinforcement learning is proposed.Firstly,the hunting environment and kinematic model without boundary constraints are built,and the criteria for successful target capture are given.Then,the cooperative hunting problem of a USV fleet is modeled as a decentralized partially observable Markov decision process(Dec-POMDP),and a distributed partially observable multitarget hunting Proximal Policy Optimization(DPOMH-PPO)algorithm applicable to USVs is proposed.In addition,an observation model,a reward function and the action space applicable to multi-target hunting tasks are designed.To deal with the dynamic change of observational feature dimension input by partially observable systems,a feature embedding block is proposed.By combining the two feature compression methods of column-wise max pooling(CMP)and column-wise average-pooling(CAP),observational feature encoding is established.Finally,the centralized training and decentralized execution framework is adopted to complete the training of hunting strategy.Each USV in the fleet shares the same policy and perform actions independently.Simulation experiments have verified the effectiveness of the DPOMH-PPO algorithm in the test scenarios with different numbers of USVs.Moreover,the advantages of the proposed model are comprehensively analyzed from the aspects of algorithm performance,migration effect in task scenarios and self-organization capability after being damaged,the potential deployment and application of DPOMH-PPO in the real environment is verified.

Arabic Sign Language Gesture Classification Using Deer Hunting Optimization with Machine Learning Model

Sign language includes the motion of the arms and hands to communicate with people with hearing disabilities.Several models have been available in the literature for sign language detection and classification for enhanced outcomes.But the latest advancements in computer vision enable us to perform signs/gesture recognition using deep neural networks.This paper introduces an Arabic Sign Language Gesture Classification using Deer Hunting Optimization with Machine Learning(ASLGC-DHOML)model.The presented ASLGC-DHOML technique mainly concentrates on recognising and classifying sign language gestures.The presented ASLGC-DHOML model primarily pre-processes the input gesture images and generates feature vectors using the densely connected network(DenseNet169)model.For gesture recognition and classification,a multilayer perceptron(MLP)classifier is exploited to recognize and classify the existence of sign language gestures.Lastly,the DHO algorithm is utilized for parameter optimization of the MLP model.The experimental results of the ASLGC-DHOML model are tested and the outcomes are inspected under distinct aspects.The comparison analysis highlighted that the ASLGC-DHOML method has resulted in enhanced gesture classification results than other techniques with maximum accuracy of 92.88%.

Deer Hunting Optimization with Deep Learning Enabled Emotion Classification on English Twitter Data

Currently,individuals use online social media,namely Facebook or Twitter,for sharing their thoughts and emotions.Detection of emotions on social networking sites’finds useful in several applications in social welfare,commerce,public health,and so on.Emotion is expressed in several means,like facial and speech expressions,gestures,and written text.Emotion recognition in a text document is a content-based classification problem that includes notions from deep learning(DL)and natural language processing(NLP)domains.This article proposes a Deer HuntingOptimizationwithDeep Belief Network Enabled Emotion Classification(DHODBN-EC)on English Twitter Data in this study.The presented DHODBN-EC model aims to examine the existence of distinct emotion classes in tweets.At the introductory level,the DHODBN-EC technique pre-processes the tweets at different levels.Besides,the word2vec feature extraction process is applied to generate the word embedding process.For emotion classification,the DHODBN-EC model utilizes the DBN model,which helps to determine distinct emotion class labels.Lastly,the DHO algorithm is leveraged for optimal hyperparameter adjustment of the DBN technique.An extensive range of experimental analyses can be executed to demonstrate the enhanced performance of the DHODBN-EC approach.A comprehensive comparison study exhibited the improvements of the DHODBN-EC model over other approaches with increased accuracy of 96.67%.

Community Perceptions and Socio-Demographic Influence on Trophy Hunting in Rungwa Game Reserve, Tanzania

The trophy hunting industry in Tanzania plays a significant role in wildlife conservation as well as economic and community development. Trophy hunting has been conducted in Rungwa Game Reserve (RGR) for several decades;however, the trophy hunting opinions from the local communities living adjacent to the reserve are not well documented. This study aimed to assess the awareness and attitudes of local communities living adjacent to Rungwa Game Reserves toward trophy hunting. Furthermore, the study assessed factors that influenced the opinions of participants by using structural equation modeling. We used semi-structured interviews and key informant interviews in the three villages adjacent to RGR. The local communities are aware of existing hunting operations around the game reserves. The study found positive attitudes among local communities toward trophy hunting, only if local people accrue benefits from hunting operations. The community’s attitudes towards trophy hunting varied across household size and occupation. Education and household position had an indirect influence on the community’s attitude. Our findings suggest that socio-demographic variables are important to consider when assessing awareness and attitudes toward trophy hunting. Local communities are willing to support trophy hunting operations if the benefits obtained from hunting are significant and it can improve wildlife conservation and their livelihood. In conclusion, trophy hunting is important to local communities living adjacent to protected areas, and banning them may have a significant impact on their livelihood and wildlife conservation. Therefore, it is recommended that conservation policies and interventions consider the dual significance of trophy hunting, fostering strategies that balance socio-economic benefits for communities and wildlife conservation.

Checklist of the Birds of the Gaza Strip—Palestine

Bird fauna checklists are important tools in ecology, biology, and conservation planning for scientists, stakeholders, and decision-makers. Despite its small area, the Gaza Strip (365 km2) has a relatively large variety of resident and migratory bird fauna. Therefore, the current study aimed to provide an updated checklist of all bird fauna living in or inhabiting the Gaza Strip. Direct field observations using binoculars, continuous visits to zoos, pet stores and biology museums, discussion with bird hunters, follow-up of news and social networking sites, review of scientific publications and photography were the main tools to satisfy the purpose of the study. At least 250 bird species collected from different sources occur in the Gaza Strip and are included in the checklist. This list will not be static, but is inevitably subject to additions and changes in the face of times. The current 250 bird species of the Gaza Strip represent 45.4% of the 551 species of birds living in Palestine. The bird species were found to belong to 21 orders and 61 families. The Passeriformes (passerines) represented the largest order with 96 species of birds (38.4%), followed by the Charadriiformes 54 (21.6%), the Accipitriformes 18 (7.2%), Anseriformes 17 (6.8%) and Pelecaniformes 14 (5.6%), while the other orders represented the remaining percentage (20.4%). With regard to families, the Scolopacidae represented the largest family with 22 species of birds (8.8%), followed by the Anatidae and Accipitridae 17 for each (6.8%), the Muscicapidae 16 (6.4%) and Chariidridae and Fringillidae 11 for each (4.4%), while the other families represented the remaining percentage (62.4%). According to the IUCN regional threat categories, 226 species (90.4%) were Least Concern (LC), 12 (4.8%) were Near Threatened (NT), 6 (2.4%) were Vulnerable (VU), 4 (1.6%) were Endangered (EN) and 2 (0.8%) were Critically Endangered (CR). In conclusion, the study recommends a sustainable control of bird hunting and trafficking in addition to building prestigious centers and museums for studying and documenting birds in the Gaza Strip.

Flight Behavioural Responses for African Ungulates across Species and Vegetation Covers in a Trophy Hunting Ecosystem: A Case Study from Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania

Trophy hunting has severe consequences on wild animals’ behaviors, which in return has implications for affecting wildlife populations. The Selous Game Reserve is a protected area in Tanzania that has been subjected to commercial trophy hunting for decades, and information about the effects of trophy hunting on animals’ welfare is still scarce. The Flight Initiating Distance (FID) can be a good measure to evaluate the welfare of animals and the level of risk perception towards anthropogenic disturbances, including trophy hunting. The study used linear mixed models to assess the flight responses of twelve commonly hunted species in the Selous game reserve (S.G.R.). The study compared animal vigilance between species, vegetation types, and group size. The FID varied between species, with which more vigilance was observed in zebras, elands, wildebeests, and sable antelopes. The study found a significant influence of vegetation cover on individual species’ FID. Further, the study found a significant influence of group size on animals’ vigilance (L. M. M., 95% CI = 0.590 - 4.762), in which there was a decrease in FID with an increase in group size for wildebeests. At the same time, other species, such as buffaloes, eland, hartebeests, and zebras, had their FIDs increasing with the increase in group size. We conclude that the impact of trophy hunting on savannah ungulates varies between species, vegetation covers, and group size of individual species. Regulatory authorities should consider minimum approach distances by trophy hunters in different vegetation cover to reduce animal biological disturbances.

Economic Valuation of Auctioned Tourist Hunting Blocks in Tanzania

Economic valuation of ecosystems is increasingly being recognized as an important exercise to inform sustainable utilization and conservation of natural assets. It helps in planning and establishing fair profit margins that accrue either directly or indirectly from the consumptive and non-consumptive uses of ecosystem goods and services. This paper is based on a study which estimated the economic values of tourist hunting blocks (HBs) in Tanzania using the Analytic Multicriteria Valuation Method (AMUVAM). The study used a sample size of 12 out of 24 vacant hunting blocks which were to be auctioned to potential hunting companies in December 2022. The economic values of HBs were estimated using the time horizon of 10 years (the mean tenure for winning company). The results show that the economic values ranged from USD 6,215,588 to USD 653,470,695 per hunting block and the Existence Value (EV) constituted about 19% of the Total Economic Value (TEV). EV ranged from USD 632,210 to USD 125,147,285. The study underscores the need for decisions to allocate ecosystems, such as HBs, to both direct and indirect uses, to be guided by a though understanding of their values. We further recommend building the capacity of staff charged with the role of managing and allocating uses of these ecosystems to enable them undertake economic valuation of ecosystems using both simple and more robust analytical tools, such as the GIS, relational databases, and worldwide websites based tools, like InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs), ARIES (Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services), and Co$ting Nature.

1例以前庭神经损害为首发症状Ramsay Hunt综合征伴发病毒性脑膜炎治疗报告

水痘-带状疱疹病毒为DNA病毒,具有嗜神经特征,感染机体后长期潜伏于脊神经背根神经节或三叉神经节及颅神经细胞内。当机体免疫功能低下时,潜伏的病毒被激活并复制,通过神经轴突到达神经支配区引起神经损害表现。Ramsay Hunt综合征为面神经膝状神经节水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染,临床可表现为周围性面瘫、舌前2/3味觉障碍、泪腺及唾液腺分泌障碍,可伴听觉过敏,耳后剧烈疼痛,骨膜及外耳道疱疹,最常见面神经单一神经损害。本文报道1例以前庭神经损害为首发症状的Hunt综合征伴发病毒性脑膜炎病例,以提高临床对Ramsay Hunt综合征认识。本病例诊治经历提示,早发现,早诊断,及时抗病毒联合大剂量糖皮质激素、丙种球蛋白冲击、前庭康复训练、营养神经制剂综合治疗,有助于神经功能恢复,减少该病后遗症的发生,提高患者生活质量。

Wheel/rail-force–based maintenance interval extension of the C80 series wagon

Purpose–This study aims to introduce the achievements and benefits of applying wheel/rail-force–based maintenance interval extension of the C80 series wagon in China.Design/methodology/approach–Chinese wagons’existing maintenance strategy had left a certain safety margin for the characteristics of widely running range,unstable service environment and submission to transportation organization requirements.To reduce maintenance costs,China railway(CR)has attempted to extend the maintenance interval since 2020.The maintenance cycle of C80 series heavy haul wagons is extended by three months(no stable routing)or 50,000 km(regular routing).However,in the meantime,the alarming rate of the running state,a key index to reflect the severe degree of hunting stability,by the train performance detection system(TPDS)for the C80 series heavy haul wagons has increased significantly.Findings–The present paper addresses a big data statistical way to evaluate the risk of allowing the C80 series heavy haul wagons to remain in operation longer than stipulated by the maintenance interval initial set.Through the maintenance and wayside-detectordata,whichis divided intothreestages,the extension period(three months),the current maintenance period and the previous maintenance period,this method reveals the alarming rate of hunting was correlated with maintenance interval.The maintainability of wagons will be achieved by utilizing wagon performance degradation modeling with the state of the wheelset and the often-contact side bearing.This paper also proposes a statistical model to return to the average safety level of the previous maintenance period’s baseline through correct alarming thresholds for unplanned corrective maintenance.Originality/value–The paper proposes an approach to reduce safety risk due to maintenance interval extension by effective maintenance program.The results are expected to help the railway company make the optimal solution to balance safety and the economy.

Atypical Presentation of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome without Facial Palsy in an Immunocompetent Senegalese Adulte Patient

First described in 1907 by James Ramsay Hunt, Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a recurrence (reactivation) of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) affecting the geniculate ganglion, secondary to a decrease in cell-mediated immunity. The strict definition of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is peripheral facial nerve palsy accompanied by erythematous vesicular rash on the ear. We report a 57-year-old female immunocompetent patient complaining of otalgia, small vesicles on the Ramsey Hunt Zone. She does not complain fever, hearing loss, nausea, vomiting or dizziness. There was no peripheral facial nerve palsy, no reduction of taste sensation, no ataxia or nystagmus, Romberg sign was negative. Our patient targets two of the three criteria needed for the diagnosis of Ramsay Hunt syndrome. She began to take Acyclovir-Steroid (AS) therapy very early with good outcome. This suggests that prompt diagnosis and management improve outcome and prevent occurrence of nerve palsy in Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

不典型Ramsay Hunt综合征误诊分析

目的增加对不典型RamsayHunt综合征的认识,提高诊治水平。方法分析3例不典型RamsayHunt综合征误诊误治原因。例1无面瘫,首先出现其他颅神经症状声嘶(左喉返神经麻痹)和左梨状窝积液(咽缩肌麻痹),第5天才于耳廓后方出现2粒疱疹。例2首先出现面瘫,面瘫后一周才于右侧颊粘膜部出现小疱疹。例3一侧剧烈头疼,2天后鼓膜轻微充血,5天后出现面瘫,一周后颈部才出现疱疹。结果例1误诊为下咽癌;例2误诊为Bell面瘫;例3误诊为脑血管疾病。结论疱疹延迟出现、异位疱疹、首先出现其他颅神经损害的症状,是造成不典型RamsayHunt综合征误诊甚至误治的原因。临床医生应加强对不典型RamsayHunt综合征的认识,注意鉴别诊断,提高诊疗水平。