Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Bushen Huoxue decoction in the treatment of Osteoporosis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the long-term efficacy of Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with vertebroplasty(PVP or PKP)in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),in order to provide evidence-based reference for clinical application.Methods:To ensure the novelty of research data,a computer search was conducted between 2017 and February 2023 to publicly publish all randomized controlled studies and clinical trials at home and abroad on the treatment of OVCF with Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with vertebroplasty published in CNKI,Wanfang,Vip,PubMed,CBM,and Cochrane libraries.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction,evaluated the quality of randomized controlled trials included one by one according to the Cochrane collaboration network standards,and conducted a meta statistical analysis using RevMan5.3 for studies that met the inclusion criteria.Results:A total of 684 patients were included in 7 randomized controlled trials,including 342 patients in the observation group and 342 patients in the control group,with a ratio of 1:1;The meta-analysis results showed that in the observation group,the overall effective rate[RR=1.30,95%CI(1.14,1.47),P<0.001],visual analog pain(VAS)score[SMD=1.19,95%CI(0.77,1.61),P<0.0001],bone mineral density score[SMD=1.09,95%CI(0.15,2.04),P=0.02],COQOL score[SMD=0.99,95%CI(0.68,1.30),P<0.00001],OPG score[SMD=0.48,95%CI(0.18,0.77),P=0.002]The RANKL score[SMD=1.33,95%CI(1.00,1.65),P<0.0001]was significantly superior to the control group,with statistically significant differences.There was no significant difference in the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score[SMD=0.27,95%CI(-0.03,0.57),P=0.08],Cobb score[SMD=1.52,95%CI(-1.05,4.09),P=0.25],and vertebral height score[SMD=0.43,95%CI(-0.14,1.01),P=0.14].Conclusion:The results show that Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with vertebroplasty has significant advantages in improving bone mineral density and alleviating pain in patients after OVCF,which is significantly superior to using OVCF alone.

Analysis on the Effect of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Improving ICU-Acquired Debility in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Objective:To investigate the effect of Yiqi Huoxue decoction combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on improving intensive care unit(ICU)acquired debility in mechanically ventilated patients.Methods:50 patients who were admitted to the ICU and received mechanical ventilation treatment in our hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 and were complicated with ICU-acquired neurasthenia were selected,and randomly grouped using the randomized envelope method into two groups:control group with 25 patients who received neuromuscular electrical stimulation alone;observation group with 25 patients who received the traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue decoction.Comparison indexes:treatment efficiency,degree of emotional recovery(APACHEⅡscore),muscle strength status(MRC score),motor status(FAC rating),and self-care ability(BI index score).Results:The treatment efficiency of patients in the observation group patients was higher as compared to those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the comparison of the results of the scores(ratings)of each index between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After the treatment,the APACHEⅡscores of patients in the observation group were significantly lower as compared to those in the control group,while the MRC scores,FAC ratings,and BI index scores were higher in the observation group than those of the control group patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined application of Yiqi Huoxue decoction and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the treatment of patients with ICU-acquired neurasthenia complicated by mechanical ventilation significantly enhanced the clinical efficacy,the patient’s muscle strength,motor status,and ability of self-care.Hence,it has high application value and is worthy to be popularized.

Effect of sitagliptin combined with Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction on clinical efficacy and hemorheology in early diabetic nephropathy

BACKGROUND Early diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a complication of diabetes mellitus.It mainly affects kidney microvessels and glomerular function,and its timely and effective treatment is critical for early DN.However,the effects of treatments comprising simple Western medicine are not optimal.With the promotion and implementation of integrated Chinese and western medicine treatments,remarkable results have been achieved for many diseases.To this end,we explored the clinical efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicines for the treatment of early DN.AIM To investigate the effect of sitagliptin tablets combined with Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction on clinical efficacy and hemorheology in patients with early DN.METHODS Through a retrospective analysis,123 patients with early DN were admitted to the endocrinology clinic of the Changzhou NO.7 People’s Hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 and were selected as study subjects.After rigorous screening,100 patients with early DN were enrolled.The control group(CG,n=50)and the observation group(OG,n=50)were divided according to the treatment method.The CG were treated with sitagliptin,and the OG were treated with sitagliptin plus the Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction.Both groups were treated for 3 mo.For both groups,the baseline data and clinical efficacy were compared,and changes in blood glucose levels,lipid levels,renal function,and hematological indicators before(T0)and after(T1)treatment were assessed.RESULTS The total effective rate for the OG was 94.00%and that of the CG was 80.00%(P<0.05).After treatment(T1),the levels of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial glucose,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in OG patients were obviously lower than those in the CG(P<0.05),and cystatin C,homocysteine,urinary microalbumin,and blood creatinine values in OG patients were also obviously lower than those in the CG(P<0.05);erythrocyte deposition,plasma viscosity,whole blood high shear viscosity,and whole blood low shear viscosity were markedly lower in OG patients than in the CG(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Sitagliptin combined with Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction has a remarkable effect when used to treat patients with early DN.Further,it is helpful in improving hemorheological indices and controlling disease progression.

Effect of JIANPI HUOXUE decoction on inflammatory cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver with lipopolysaccharide challenge

AIM： To evaluate the effect of Chinese traditional medicinal prescription, JIANPI HUOXUE decoction （JHD） on cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. METHODS： Twenty-four male SD rats were divided into normal group （n = 4）, model group （n = 10） and JHD group （n = 10） randomly. Rats in model group and JHD group were administrated with normal saline or JHD via gastrogavage respectively twice a day for 3 d. One hour after the last administration, rats were injected with LPS via tail vein, 50 μg/kg. Simultaneously, rats in normal group were injected with equivalent normal saline. After LPS stimulation for 1.5 h, serum and liver tissue were collected. Pathological change of liver tissues was observed through hematoxylineosin （H.E.） staining. Tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α） in serum were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The protein expression of TNF-α, phosphorylated inhibit-κB （p-κB） and CD68 in liver were assayed by Western blot. The distribution of CD68 protein in liver was observed through immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of TNF-α, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, CD14, toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and TLR4 in liver were assayed by real-time RT-PCR.RESULTS： Predominant microvesicular change, hepatocyte tumefaction and cytoplasm dilution were observed in liver tissues after LPS administration as well as obvious CD68 positive staining in hepatic sinusoidal. After LPS stimulation, serum TNF-α （31.35 ± 6.06 vs 12225.40 ± 9007.03, P 〈 0.05）, protein expression of CD68 （1.13 ± 0.49 vs 3.36 ±1.69, P 〈 0.05）, p-IκB （0.01 ±0.01 vs 2.07 ＋ 0.83, P 〈 0.01） and TNF-α （0.27 ± 0.13 vs 1.29 ± 0.37, P 〈 0.01） in liver and mRNA expression of TNF-α （1.96 ± 2.23 vs 21.45 ±6.00, P 〈 0.01）, IL-6 （4.80 ± 6.42 vs 193.50 ± 36.36, P 〈 0.01） and TLR2 （1.44 ± 0.62 vs 4.16 ± 0.08, P 〈 0.01） in liver were also increased significantly. These pathological changes were all improved in .1HD group. On the other hand, TLR4 mRNA （1.22 ± 0.30 vs 0.50 ± 0.15, P 〈 0.05） was down-regulated and CD14 mRNA increased but not significantly after LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION： JHD can inhibit cytokine secretion pathway induced by LPS in rat liver, which is probably associated with its regulation on CD68, p-IκB and endotoxin receptor TLR2.

Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction combined with butylphthalide in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and its effect on VEGF

Objective:To study the effect of Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction combined with butylphthalide soft capsules on acute ischemic stroke and its effect on serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Methods:There are 76 patients with acute ischemic stroke(Acute Ischemic Stroke,AIS),including 38 cases in the control group and the observation group.All patients were treated with conventional treatment methods for this disease.On this basis,the control group was given butylphthalide soft capsules orally,0.2g/time,3 times a day,and the observation group was given Tongqiaohuoxue Decoction on the basis of oral butylphthalide soft capsules.One dose a day,two times in the morning and evening.All patients were treated for 20 days as a course of treatment.The clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients were compared,the collateral circulation rate before and after treatment,NIHSS,MoCA and MMSE,hemorheology(plasma viscosity,fibrinogen,whole blood high and low shear viscosity),VEGF levels and the occurrence of adverse reactions.Results:The effective rate of the two groups was 92.1%in the observation group and 73.7%in the control group,which was significantly different(P<0.05).The collateral circulation patency rate was 86.8%in the observation group and 57.9%in the control group,which was significantly different(P<0.05).After treatment,the MoCA,MMSE scores and VEGF levels of the observation group were significantly higher than those before the treatment and the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).The NIHSS score and hemorheology were improved compared with those before the treatment and the control group.There are significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction combined with butylphthalide soft capsules can significantly improve collateral circulation,hemorheology,neurological and cognitive functions in patients with acute ischemic stroke.The mechanism may be related to the increase of VEGF levels and the promotion of neovascularization.

Serum proteomic approach in patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in coronary heart disease:to explore therapeutic mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue decoction

OBJECTIVE To explore the curative effect and mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue decoction in the treatment of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.METHODS The patients with coronary heart disease of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were treated with Yiqi Huoxue decoction for 3 months,and the changes of cardiac function were observed.61 serum samples(including 29 cases of disease group and 32 cases of Yiqi Huoxue expression group)were analyzed by non labeled proteomics.The disease group was used as the control group,and the protein with expression level difference of more than 1.2 folds(P<0.05)was screened.The molecular function,biological pathway and protein interaction of the different proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics,so as to identify the molecular and biological pathway of Yiqi Huoxue decoction in the treatment of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.RESULTS Clinical treatment found that Yiqi Huoxue decoction can improve TCM syndrome score and left ventricular ejection fraction,regulate blood glucose and blood lipid levels,prolong thrombin time,and improve heart function.The results of proteomic quantitative analysis showed that there were 69 proteins with different expression levels in the disease group.Bioinformatics analysis results showed that Yiqi Huoxue decoction may regulate ApoA1,alpha-2 and other proteins to act on HDL assembly,platelet degradation,PI3K Akt signaling pathway,and then play a therapeutic role in coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.CONCLUSION Yiqi Huoxue decoction can effectively improved the heart function decline caused by Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome of coronary heart disease.It mainly act on energy metabolism and platelet activation pathway by activating HDL assembly and platelet degradation signal pathway proteins.This study can provide reference for the follow-up treatment mechanism of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome of coronary heart disease.

Yiqi Huoxue Decoction in the treatment of Qi and yin deficiency and stasis type diabetic nephropathy in stageⅢ and its effect on VEGF and TGF-β1

Objective:To observe the efficacy of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction in the treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN)stageⅢwith qi and yin deficiency and stasis and its effects on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β1).Methods:Sixty patients with stage DN of Qi-yin deficiency and stasis type DN who were treated in the Endocrinology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects.The remainder method was used to divide them into 30 cases in the observation group and 30 cases in the control group.Patients in both groups were referred to the guidelines and expert consensus for general treatment of DN(hypogl-ycemic,antihypertensive,lipid-lowering,etc.).The control group was given pancreatic kallikrein enteric-coated tablets orally once,120U,3 times a day,and the observation group was given The traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Decoction was taken orally,one dose daily,twice a day in the morning and evening;the two groups intervened continuously for 8 weeks.Detect blood FPG,PBG,HbA1c,β2-MG,BUN,SCr,VEGF,TGF-β1,and urine mALB and UACR levels before and after treatment,and calculate eGFR before and after treatment in both groups;observe changes in TCM syndrome scores in the two groups,Compare its clinical efficacy.Results:After 8 weeks of treatment,the total clinical effective rate of patients in the observation group was 93.3%,which was significantly different from the control group of 76.6%(P<0.05);the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those before treatment and in the control group(P<0.05);The levels of FPG,HbA1c,PPG,mALB,β2-MG,UACR,VEGF,and TGF-β1 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).The levels of SCr and BUN in the observation group were significantly lower.Compared with before treatment,eGFR increased,but there was no signi-ficant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:Yiqi Huoxue Decoction for the treatment of patients with DN typeⅢqi-yin deficiency and stasis type,not only helps to lower blood sugar levels,improve TCM syndromes,but also can reduce early renal damage,reduce urine albumin,and delay kidney function It may be further worsened and has better safety.The mechanism may be related to reducing the levels of VEGF and TGF-β1,thereby delaying the fibrosis of tubulointerstitial scar and inhibi-ting glomerular capillary sclerosis.

Experience in Treating Viral Myocarditis with Master Lei's Huoxue Decoction

Modem medical treatment of viral myocarditis by suppressing viral replication and improving cardiomyocyte metabolism has a good effect on the acute infectious period of viral myocarditis,but the curative rate is poor,especially the sequelae of viral myocarditis,which often lingers for years to decades.The use of traditional Chinese medicine can achieve a certain curative effect by promoting the positive and dispelling evil spirits as well as balancing yin and yang.After long-term observation,it is found to have clear eff ect on improving myocardial injury caused by viral myocarditis.

Effectiveness and safety of Qidong Huoxue decoction(芪冬活血饮)in treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome:a randomized,controlled trial

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of Qidong Huoxue decoction(芪冬活血饮,QDHX)in treating acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS)when used as an adjunctive treatment.METHODS:ALI/ARDS patients admitted to our medical intensive care unit were randomly allocated to the control group or the QDHX group and received standard therapy.The QDHX group received QDHX(50 mL per day for 14 d)orally or via a gastric tube.The primary outcome was measured according to Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,with partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))levels as the secondary outcome.RESULTS:A total of 73 patients completed the study(36 in the TCM and 37 in the conventional group),and their records were analyzed.After 14-d treatment,the TCM group showed a significant decrease in TCM syndrome scores(P<0.05)and increased PaO_(2)/FiO_(2) levels(P<0.05).The therapeutic effect of integrated Chinese and western medicine was more significant than that of Western Medicine alone.No serious side effects were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Our study results show that QDHX in combination with conventional drug therapy can significantly reduce some clinical symptoms in patients with ALI/ARDS.

Huoxue Tongjiang decoction-resisted reflux esophagitis by activation stem cell factor/c-kit/interstitial cell of cajal pathway and regulating the T-helper 17/regulatory T-cells balance in rats

Background:Huoxue Tongjiang decoction(HXTJD)is an effective prescription for treating reflux esophagitis(RE).We investigated the effects of HXTJD on esophageal motility and mucosal inflammation in a rat RE model.Methods:Chemical composition of HXTJD was analyzed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry(MS).The change rates of mean contraction tension forces,mean amplitudes,and mean frequencies for the lower esophageal sphincter(LES)were recorded using the isolated tissue bath system,mechanical tension transducer,and PowerLab physiological recorder.After weighing the stomach,the phenol red labeling method was used to measure the gastric emptying rate.The LES ultrastructure was observed through transmission electron microscopy.Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to detect the number of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)and the expression levels of c-kit protein,connexin43(Cx43),and stem cell factor(SCF).Flow cytometric analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to detect the percentages of T helper 17(Th17)cells and regulatory T(Treg)cells and the serum concentrations of interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 17(IL-17),and interleukin 10(IL-10)in the rats.Results:We identified 28 chemical constituents in HXTJD.Regarding esophageal motility,we revealed that HXTJD increased the mean contraction tension forces,mean amplitudes,and mean frequency change rate of LES and the gastric emptying rate;decreased stomach weight;and improved the LES ultrastructure.Additionally,HXTJD increased the number of ICC-positive cells,and c-kit,Cx43,and SCF expression levels.Regarding esophageal inflammation,HXTJD significantly decreased the percentage of Th17 cells,and IL-6 and IL-17 concentrations,and increased the percentage of Treg cells and IL-10 concentration.Conclusion:HXTJD was found to be efficacious in the rat RE model.It may promote esophageal motility and alleviate the inflammatory response by activating the SCF/c-kit/ICC pathway and regulating the Th17/Treg cell balance.

Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction ameliorates learning and memory defects in rats with vascular dementia by up-regulating the Ca^(2+)-CaMKII-CREB pathway

The present study was aimed at determining the effects of Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction （TQHXD） on the Ca2＋-CaMKII-CREB pathway and the memory and learning capacities of rats with vascular dementia （VD）. The rat VD model was established by using an improved bilateral carotid artery ligation method. The Morris water maze experiment was used to evaluate the ethology of the VD rats following treatments with TQHXD at 3.01, 6.02, and 12.04 g.kg-1 per day for 31 days. At the end of experiment, the hippocampus were harvested and analyzed. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to measure the expression levels of calmodulin-binding protein kinase II（CaMKII）, protein kinase A（PKA）, cAMP-response element binding protein（CREB）, and three N-methyl-D-aspart^c acid receptor subunits （NR1, NR2A, and NR2B）. Our results revealed that TQHXD could alleviate the loss of learning abilities and increase the memory capacity （P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01 vs the model group, respectively）. The treatment with 6.02 and 12.04 g.kg-1 of TQHXD significantly up-regulated the Ca2＋-CaMKII-CREB pathway in the hippocampus. In conclusion, TQHXD showed therapeutic effects on a bilateral carotid artery ligation-induced vascular dementia model, through the up-regulation of calcium signalling oathwavs.

Structural Shifts of Gut Flora in Rat Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury and Jianpi Huoxue Decoction's(健脾活血汤)Effect Displayed by ERIC-PCR Fingerprint

Objective： To study the structural shifts of gut flora in rats with acute alcoholic liver injury （AALI）, and the effect of Jianpi Huoxue Decoction （健脾活血汤, JPHXD） on the gut flora. Methods： Thirty-six Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly allocated to the control, AALI and JPHXD groups equally. The rats in the control group were given water and those in AALI and JPHXD groups were given ethanol by intragastric gavage for 5 days, while rats in the JPHXD group were administered JPHXD simultaneously. The blood and liver tissue were collected at the end of the experiment. The activities of serum alkaline aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, hepatic γ/-glutamyitranspetidase （γ-GT） and hepatic tdglyceride （TG） levels were determined. Plasma endotoxin level in the portal vein was measured. Pathological changes of liver tissues were determined by hematoxylin and Eosin （HE） staining and oil red O staining. The total DNA of gut flora were extracted from fecal samples by Bead-beating method and determined by ERIC-PCR fingerprint method. The similarity cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to analyze the ERIC-PCR fingerprint respectively. Results： In the AALI group, the ratio of liver/body weight, activities of ALT, AST and hepatic γ-GT, amount of hepatic TG were elevated significantly compared with those in the control group （all P〈0.01）. JPHXD decreased the ratio, activities of ALT, AST, γ-GT and TG significantly compared with those in the AALI group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. HE and oil red O staining showed that fat deposited markedly in liver tissue, while JPHXD alleviated pathological changes markedly. Plasma LPS level in rat portal vein in the AALI group increased significantly （P〈0.01）, but it was decreased significantly in the JPHXD group （P〈0.01）. The cluster analysis and principal component analysis of ERIC-PCR fingerprint showed that gut flora in the hALl group changed markedly, and JPHXD could recover gut flora to some extent. Conclusion： The structure of gut flora shifted markedly during acute alcoholic liver injury, JPHXD had prevention effect through the modification of gut flora.

A One-year Evaluation of Radiographic Progression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated by Qingre Huoxue Decoction(清热活血方)

Objective： TO investigate the effects of Qingre Huoxue Decoction （清热活血方, clearing heat and promoting blood flow; QRHXD）, on the radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis （RA） by X-ray imaging. Methods： Eighty-six patients with active RA diagnosed as damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome were randomized into a QRHXD group and a QRHXD plus methotrexate （MTX） group, with 43 cases in each group. After one-year of treatment, 21 cases in each group （42 in total） were evaluated. Radiographs of hands were obtained at the baseline and after 12 months of treatment. Images were evaluated by investigators blinded to chronology and clinical data, and assessed according to the SharpNan der Heijde methods. Results： High intrareader agreements were reached （mean intraobserver intraclass coefficients： 0.95）. No significant change in any imaging parameters of joint destruction was observed at 12 months in either group; and the differences between the two groups were not significant （P〉0.05）. The mean of the changing score in the QRHXD group was 3.5 ± 4.1, and 2.4 ± 3.5 in the QRHXD＋MTX group, while the baseline radiographic score of patients in the QRHXD group was relatively higher （18.9± 19.1 vs. 14.0± 14.0）. The mean rates of the changing scores of the two groups were similar （0.24 ± 0.28 vs. 0.25± 0.44, P=0.40）. The severity of progression in the two groups was also similar （P=0.46）, 7 cases without radiographic progression in the QRHXD group and 8 in the QRHXD＋MTX group, 3 cases with obvious radiographic progression in the QRHXD group and 1 in the QRHXD＋MTX group. Conclusion： Radiographic progression of RA patients in both groups is similar, indicating that the QRHXD Decoction has a potential role in preventing bone destruction.

Notch signaling pathway mediates the immunomodulatory mechanism of Yangfei Huoxue decoction alleviating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immunomodulatory mechanism by which Yangfei Huoxue decoction(YHD) alleviates bleomycin(BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis(PF) in rats.METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into two time-point groups(day 14 and 28), and each timepoint group comprised the following six subgroups: control, BLM, dexamethasone(DXM), YHD high dose(YHD-H), YHD middle dose(YHD-M), and YHD low dose(YHD-L). Haematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining, flow cytometry, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting and UPLC-QT of analyses were examined.RESULTS: The results showed that YHD reduced the degree of alveolar inflammation and fibrosis;downregulated the expression of CD28, CD80,CD86, Delta-like 1, Notch2, and Notch3;and upregulated the proportions of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2. The seven components of YHD were detected.CONCLUSION: The current study indicates that YHD mainly functions by regulating the immune system and that the molecular mechanism may be related to the regulation of the Notch signaling pathway.

Effects of Bushen Yiqi Huoxue Decoction in Treatment of Patients with Diminished Ovarian Reserve:A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of Bushen Yiqi Huoxue Decoction BYHD)in patients with diminished ovarian reserve(DOR).Methods:A total of 180 patients with DOR diagnosed from December2013 to December 2014 were equally assigned into progynova and duphaston(E+D)group,Zuogui Pill group and BYHD group with 60 cases in each by computerized randomization.Patients received E+D,Zuogui Pill or BYHD for 12 months,respectively.Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E_(2)),anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH),antral follicle count(AFC),ovarian volume,endometrial thickness,and the resistance indices(Rls)of ovarian arteries and uterine arteries were observed before and after treatment.Results:Nine women(4 from the E+D group,3 from the Zuogui Pill group,and 2 from the BYHD group)withdrew from the study.After 6 months,Zuogui Pill and BYHD significantly decreased FSH and LH and increased endometrial thickness and AMH(all P<0.01),BYHD also resulted in E2 elevation(P<0.05),ovary enlargement(P<0.05),AFC increase(P<0.01),and RI of ovarian arteries decrease(P<0.05).After 12 months,further improvements were observed in the Zuogui Pill and BYHD groups(all P<0.01),but BYHD showed better outcomes,with lower FSH,larger ovaries and a thicker endometrium compared with the Zuogui Pill group(all P<0.01).However,E+D only significantly increased endometrial thickness(P<0.01)and no significant improvements were observed in the RI of uterine arteries in the three groups.Conclusions:BYHD had a favorable therapeutic effect in patients with DOR by rebalancing hormone levels,promoting ovulation,and repairing the thin endometrium.The combination of tonifying Shen(Kidney),benefiting qi and activating blood circulation may be a promising therapeutic strategy for DOR.

Intervention Effects of Jianpi Liqi Huoxue Decoction (健脾理气活血汤) on Lipid Peroxidative Liver Injury Induced by Alcohol

Objective： To study the intervention effects of Jianpi Liqi Huoxue Decoction （健脾理气活血汤, JLHD） on lipid peroxidative liver injury induced by alcohol. Methods： The rat alcoholic model of liver disease （ALD） induced by Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet was established. Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups ： the normal group （ n = 5）, the control group （ n = 9）, the model group （ n = 9） and the JLHD group （ n =9）. From the 4th week after modeling, the rats were given JLHD or distilled water by gastrogavage respectively, and the samples of blood and liver tissues were taken out from the rats for determination by the end of the 8th week. The hepatic pathological changes were observed with HE staining; the liver injury related indices, including activity of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in serum, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase （γ-GT） activity and triglyceride （TG） content in liver tissues, as well as the lipid peroxidation related indices, including malonaldehyde （MDA） content and nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity in liver tissue, serum Fe^2＋ level, and the anti-peroxidation capacity related indices, including superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, glutathion （GSH） content and reactive oxygen species （anti- ROS） activity in liver tissues were determined. Results： （ 1 ） There were obvious figures of fatty degeneration and inflammatory infiltration in liver tissues of the model group. As compared with the control group, in the model group, the activity of ALT and AST, and Fe^2＋ content in serum, γ-GT and NOS activity, TG and MDA content in liver tissues were significantly higher （ P〈0. 01 ）, while the activity of SOD, GSH and anti-ROS in liver tissues were significantly lower （P〈0.01）. （2） The fatty degeneration and inflammatory infiltration of liver tissues in the JLHD group were significantly lessen as compared with those in the model group; and the abnormalities of all the indexes revealed in the model rats were restored to certain extent in the JLHD group, and especially significant were the levels of ALT activity, MDA content and Fe^2＋ , which were nearly normal. Conclusion： JLHD has significant effects against alcoholic liver injury, the acting mechanism of which is likely to be related with its anti-lipid peroxidative effect.

Effect of Bushen Huoxue Decoction(补肾活血饮) on the Orphan Receptor and Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Brain of Rats with Parkinson's Disease

Objective：To explore the effect of Bushen Huoxue Decoction（补肾活血饮,BHD） on the orphan receptor（Nurr1） and tyrosine hydroxylase（TH） in the brain of rats with Parkinson＇s disease（PD）.Methods：One hundred and twenty SD rats were divided into 100 in the model group and 20 in the normal control group,fifty-eight SD rats from the model group,established into PD model successfully by injuring their substantia nigra （SSN） with 6-hydroxydopamine,were divided equally into the model group and the test group,and they were treated with saline and BHD,respectively,for eight successive weeks.The change in the rats＇ behavior before and after treatment was observed by counting the cycles of rotation induced by apomorphine injection; the pathology of neurons,level of Nurr1 mRNA expression,and amount of TH positive cells in SSN were observed after treatment.Results：The rats＇ behavior was improved in the tested group significantly,the rotation cycle after treatment being 84.0±20.0 cycles/40 min,which was significantly lower than that in the model group（377.0±62.3 cycles/40 min,P〈0.01）.Besides,the Nurr1 mRNA expression and TH positive cell in the test group were 0.97±0.15 and 49.40±14.72,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the model group,0.22±0.03 and 5.45±2.58,respectively（all P〈0.01）.Conclusion：BHD could treat PD by enhancing the Nurr1 mRNA expression,increasing the TH content in brain,and promoting the repairing of injured neuron in cerebral SSN.

Yishen Huoxue decoction(益肾活血方) attenuates unilateral ureteric obstruction-induced renal fibrosis and hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species generation via adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coa

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effeicacy of Yishen Huoxue decoction(YSHX)on renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteric obstruction(UUO),and on reactive oxygen species(ROS)homeostasis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).METHODS:Forty male mice were randomly divided into six groups,sham group,UUO group,UUO+resveratrol(RSV)(15 mg/kg)group,UUO+YSHX20 mg/kg group(UUO+YSHX-L),UUO+YSHX 40 mg/kg group(UUO+YSHX-M),UUO+YSHX 80 mg/kg group(UUO+YSHX-H).Western blotting was used to measure protein expression levels.Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the m RNA expression.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the histopathological changes of kidney tissue sample.Cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin V/PI staining.Cell viability was measured using CCK-8/WST-8 assay.RESULTS:YSHX treatment reducedα-SMA and Col-4 expressions,and increased CD31 and VE-cadherin expressions in UUO model mice.In vitro,YSHX increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis of HUVECs under hypoxic conditions.YSHX inhibited ROS generation by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α(PGC-1α)/silent mating-type information regulation2 homolog 3(Sirt3)signaling.CONCLUSION:YSHX treatment reduced 109 KJ UUO-induced renal injury and fibrosis.Furthermore,YSHX treatment attenuated hypoxia-induced oxidative stress by regulating AMPK/PGC-1α/Sirt3 signaling.

Effect of Huoxue Huayu Lishui Decoction on P65 and TAK1 of acute soft tissue injury in rats

Objective:To explore the mechanism of the action of Huoxue Huayu Lishui prescription on acute ankle joint injury.Methods:Forty-eight SPF rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Shujin Huoluo capsule group,low,medium and high dose groups for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.The blank group was not modeled,and the other groups were modeled.Each group of 8 animals,the Shujin Huoluo capsule group was given 0.2g/ml mixed liquid by gavage,and the low,medium and high blood circulation and blood stasis Lishui prescription group was given 1.03g/ml,2.06g/ml,4.12g/ml decoction For the stomach,the normal group was given 1.5ml/100g,once a day for 1 week.The expression of NF-κB P65 and transforming growth factor kinase 1(TAK1)protein in the soft tissue around the ankle joint of rats was detected by sports protein immunoblotting method,and the mRNA expression of NF-κB P65 and TAK1 was detected by PCR technology.Results:One day after modeling,the expressions of P65 and TAK1 mRNA and protein in the model group,the positive drug group,and low,medium and high doses of Huoxue Huayu Lishui Recipe were significantly different from those of the blank control group(P<0.05).After taking the medicine for 7 days,compared with the model group,the expressions of P65 and TAK1 mRNA and protein in the Shujin Huoluo capsule group and the low,medium and high dose Huoxue Huayu Lishui Recipe group were all decreased(P<0.05).After 7 days of taking the medicine,compared with the Shujin Huoxue Capsule group,there was no difference in P65 protein in the low-dose Huoxue Huayu Lishui Recipe group.The expression of P65 protein in the middle and high groups and the Shujin Huoxue Capsule group were all decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the Shujin Huoxue Capsule group,the expressions of TAK1 protein,P65 and TAK1 mRNA in the low,medium,and high groups and the Shujin Huoxue Capsule group were all decreased(P<0.05).The results suggest that Huoxue Huayu Lishui Recipe can inhibit the expression of NF-κB P65 and TAK1 protein in ankle joint injury.Conclusion:Huoxue Huayu Lishui prescription may regulate the expression of NF-κB P65 and TAK1 in ankle joint injury of NF-κB rats,so as to improve the clinical symptoms of local swelling and pain in the ankle joint.

Mechanism of Huoxue Tongluo Decoction in treatment of erectile dysfunction caused by ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology

Objective:To study the therapeutic effect of Huoxue Tongluo Decoction(HXTLD)on erectile dysfunction caused by ischemic stroke and identify the mechanisms involved.Methods:Network pharmacology was used to predict the key active ingredients and targets of HXTLD.Surgical methods were used to create a rat model of ischemic stroke.The rats were then given a suspension of HXTLD by ig administration.Erectile function was evaluated by Apomorphine(APO)induction.Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR)and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of related m RNAs and proteins in rat penile corpus cavernous tissue and brain tissue.Hematoxylin&Eosin(HE)staining was used to investigate structural changes in the penile cavernous tissue.Results:Network pharmacology showed that tumor necrosis factor(TNF),nitric oxide synthase 3(eNOS),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were the key targets of HXTLD in the treatment of erectile dysfunction caused by ischemic stroke.Experimental studies showed that HXTLD improved erectile dysfunction caused by ischemic stroke.HE results showed that HXTLD improved the structure of the corpus cavernosa.HXTLD also inhibited the expression of TNF and VEGF proteins in penile tissue(P<0.05)and enhanced the expression of e NOS protein in penile tissue(P<0.05).Conclusion:HXTLD improved the erectile function of rats with erectile dysfunction caused by ischemic stroke by regulating the m RNA and protein levels of TNF,e NOS and VEGF.