The oxygen evolution, thermal dissipation, and photochemical energy storage of three hybrid poplar clones, namely the triploid clone B342, the diploid clone B11 [(Populus alba×P. glandulosa)×(P.tomentosa...The oxygen evolution, thermal dissipation, and photochemical energy storage of three hybrid poplar clones, namely the triploid clone B342, the diploid clone B11 [(Populus alba×P. glandulosa)×(P.tomentosa×P.bolleana)], and the triploid clone B346 [(P.tomentosa×P. bolleana)×(P. alba×P.glandulosa)], under light stress were studied using photoacoustics. The oxygen evolution signal and photochemical energy storage varied negatively with the pretreatment_PFD (photon flux density), whereas the thermal signal varied positively with the pretreatment_PFD. Photochemical energy storage was reallocated to PSⅡ more than to PSⅠ, while the photochemical energy storage in PSⅠ was more stable than that in PSⅡ when subjected to light stress. The inhibitors streptomycin (SM), dithiothreitol (DTT) and sodium fluoride (NaF) could all affect the oxygen evolution signal. Clones B11 and B342 were more resistant to light stress than clone B346.展开更多
Growth characteristics have complex inheritance patterns and genotype(G) by environment(E) interaction make predicting tree response to environmental changes difficult.In this study,the growth of seven poplar clones a...Growth characteristics have complex inheritance patterns and genotype(G) by environment(E) interaction make predicting tree response to environmental changes difficult.In this study,the growth of seven poplar clones at three different sites was taken as the research focus,and heights and basal diameters were investigated in the second growing season.An ANOVA showed that all main effects,site,clone number and their interactions were highly significant in the overall F-tests.The coefficients of variation and repeatability of different traits ranged from 15.5 to 43.9%and from 0.549 to 0.912,respectively.AMMI(Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis results showed that genotype,environment and G × E interaction were significantly highly correlated.The stability analysis indicated that different clones showed different growth traits on different sites,which suggests that elite clones should be selected separately for different sites.Based on the growth traits,under a 10% selection rate,three clones were selected for different sites and the genetic gains of growth traits ranged from 4.7 to 11.2%.The three selected clones could be used to establish plantations in the future in different sites.展开更多
Fifty-three larch interspecific hybrid clones(Larix kaempferi × L.gmelini) and their parent clones were used for growth curve analysis of height variations.The growth curves of the 55 clones were 'S'-shaped a...Fifty-three larch interspecific hybrid clones(Larix kaempferi × L.gmelini) and their parent clones were used for growth curve analysis of height variations.The growth curves of the 55 clones were 'S'-shaped and 36 exhibited similar curves as the male parent.The coefficients of the logistic models were higher than 0.943,indicating that our results were effective in the simulation of the growth curves.ANOVA analysis showed significant differences in height of different clones (P/0.01).Average date of maximum height growth was Day 173,and average duration of rapid growth lasted for 50 days.Annual average increase in height was 9.7cm d^(-1) and daily average increase was 0.2 cm.The ratio of GR to the total annual increase in height ranged from 51.2 to 68.8%,with the average being 59.8%.There was a positive correlation between k values and plant heights which benefited from the evaluation of early plant height.There was also a positive correlation between GR(growth stage),GD(plant height) and annual increase in height.These results are informative to the evaluation of the elite clone selection and provide a theoretical basis for breeding and management.展开更多
Mapping of low or single-copy sequences on plant chromosomes has proven difficult because of very low frequency of signal detection. Rice BAC library is being used widely in rice genome research due to its distinctive...Mapping of low or single-copy sequences on plant chromosomes has proven difficult because of very low frequency of signal detection. Rice BAC library is being used widely in rice genome research due to its distinctive advantages over other library systems. In this study, two biotin-labeled rice BAC clones closely linked to a rice blast resistance, green leafhopper resistance and tungro spherical virus resistance gene,Pi-5(t), Glh, RTSV, werein situ hybridized to rice chromosomes. They were located on the long arm and short arm of chromosome 4 with FL value of 40%and 100%respectively. The frequency of signal detection reached 46.8%and 59.2%. The signal location were consistent with the selective marker on rice saturated molecular map. The results demonstrated the advantages to locate BAC clones to chromosomes byin situ hybridization and will facilitate the rice low or single-copy gene location by using the BAC library.展开更多
A subtractive cDNA library was developed to study genes associated with bud dormancy release in tree peonies. In order to identify genes that are highly expressed in buds released from dormancy, 588 clones were examin...A subtractive cDNA library was developed to study genes associated with bud dormancy release in tree peonies. In order to identify genes that are highly expressed in buds released from dormancy, 588 clones were examined by differential screening. Of these, 185 clones were selected to be sequenced. A total of 37 unique sequences were obtained of which only 31 sequences have matches in the NCBI database or the Arabidopsis thaliana protein database. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to confirm further the expression profiles for 12 transcripts identified within the subtractive cDNA library. Gene ontology analyses indicated that many of the different genes identified have unknown or hypothetical functions while it is speculated that other genes play different mo- lecular roles. In our study, genes involved in bud dormancy release were growth-related or stress-responsive, while low-temperature-induced ribosomal proteins may also play a role in bud dormancy release. Our results provide interesting information for further understanding of the molecular mechanism of bud dormancy release in tree peonies.展开更多
The hybridization experiment was initiated in 1975, in which the parents of P davhaana were collectedfrom Dailing, Heilongiiang Province, P. suaveolens were from Baicheng, P. simonii from Zhaodong of Heilongjiang Prov...The hybridization experiment was initiated in 1975, in which the parents of P davhaana were collectedfrom Dailing, Heilongiiang Province, P. suaveolens were from Baicheng, P. simonii from Zhaodong of Heilongjiang Prov-ince, and P. tremula from Shanxi Province. Clones No 1333 of P. Alba x P. davidiana and No 1132 of P davidiana x (Palba x P. davidiana F1) had greater genetic variation and heritability in clones tested.展开更多
The aim of this study is to screen proteins interacting with interferon-α (IFN-α). The IFN-α gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pGBKT-/vector, then the resulted pGBKT-/-IFN-α...The aim of this study is to screen proteins interacting with interferon-α (IFN-α). The IFN-α gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pGBKT-/vector, then the resulted pGBKT-/-IFN-α vector was transformed into yeast strain AH109. The transformed yeast AH109 was mated with yeast Y187 containing liver cDNA library plasmid in 2 × YPDA medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium (SD/-Trp-Leu-His-Ade and SD/-Trp-Leu-His) con- taining X-α-gal for selection. After plasmid extraction and enzyme cutting analysis, the blue colonies were subjected to sequence analysis and the results were analyzed by bioinformatics. The results showed that IFN-α was successful cloned into the pGBKT7 vector. IFN-α was expressed and there was no selfactivation and toxicity in AH109. Thirty-four positive colonies were obtained after yeast-two hybrid technique screening. After sequence analysis, eight clones were found to have a binding effect with IFN-α protein. IFN-α was successfully cloned into the pGBKT7 vector. IFN-α protein was expressed and there was no self-activation and toxicity in AH109. Eight proteins that interacted with IFN-α, including vitronectin, fibrinogen A alpha polypeptide, HIV-1 Tat interactive protein 2, arginase, NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta subcomplex, transferrin receptor 2 alpha (TFR2), HCC-1, alcohol dehydrogenase IB (ADHIB) have been identified as IFN-α-binding proteins.展开更多
The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) mating assay is a powerful method for detecting protein-protein interactions. Firstly, the gene of interest is cloned into specific Y2H vectors. Although multiple innovations in cloning meth...The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) mating assay is a powerful method for detecting protein-protein interactions. Firstly, the gene of interest is cloned into specific Y2H vectors. Although multiple innovations in cloning methods were made in the past two decades, the conventional cloning method of restriction-enzyme (RE) digestion followed by ligation is still widely used. Unfortunately, many researchers, especially new-comers, often encounter difficulties in cloning a gene into a desired vector. Secondly, interaction between two proteins is commonly detected by growth of the diploids in specific media. This step takes about two weeks. Here, we describe improved cloning and detection procedures for the Y2H assay that accelerate the research progress. The changes in procedures involve running an agarose gel after the doubly digested vector and insert are ligated in the cloning step to determine the efficiency of RE digestion and ligation, and performing an additional replica-plating on plates for earlier assessment of interaction in the detection step. We show an example of Y2H interaction between Trs23 and Trs120 (respective subunits of TRAPP I and TRAPP II), as a proof of concept. By following the improved methods described here, the chances of successful cloning increased and the time for the whole Y2H experimental process is significantly shorter.展开更多
文摘The oxygen evolution, thermal dissipation, and photochemical energy storage of three hybrid poplar clones, namely the triploid clone B342, the diploid clone B11 [(Populus alba×P. glandulosa)×(P.tomentosa×P.bolleana)], and the triploid clone B346 [(P.tomentosa×P. bolleana)×(P. alba×P.glandulosa)], under light stress were studied using photoacoustics. The oxygen evolution signal and photochemical energy storage varied negatively with the pretreatment_PFD (photon flux density), whereas the thermal signal varied positively with the pretreatment_PFD. Photochemical energy storage was reallocated to PSⅡ more than to PSⅠ, while the photochemical energy storage in PSⅠ was more stable than that in PSⅡ when subjected to light stress. The inhibitors streptomycin (SM), dithiothreitol (DTT) and sodium fluoride (NaF) could all affect the oxygen evolution signal. Clones B11 and B342 were more resistant to light stress than clone B346.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2016YFD0600404)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.2572017DA02)。
文摘Growth characteristics have complex inheritance patterns and genotype(G) by environment(E) interaction make predicting tree response to environmental changes difficult.In this study,the growth of seven poplar clones at three different sites was taken as the research focus,and heights and basal diameters were investigated in the second growing season.An ANOVA showed that all main effects,site,clone number and their interactions were highly significant in the overall F-tests.The coefficients of variation and repeatability of different traits ranged from 15.5 to 43.9%and from 0.549 to 0.912,respectively.AMMI(Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis results showed that genotype,environment and G × E interaction were significantly highly correlated.The stability analysis indicated that different clones showed different growth traits on different sites,which suggests that elite clones should be selected separately for different sites.Based on the growth traits,under a 10% selection rate,three clones were selected for different sites and the genetic gains of growth traits ranged from 4.7 to 11.2%.The three selected clones could be used to establish plantations in the future in different sites.
基金supported by Grants from the National Science and Technology Pillar Program of China(No.2015DAD09B01)
文摘Fifty-three larch interspecific hybrid clones(Larix kaempferi × L.gmelini) and their parent clones were used for growth curve analysis of height variations.The growth curves of the 55 clones were 'S'-shaped and 36 exhibited similar curves as the male parent.The coefficients of the logistic models were higher than 0.943,indicating that our results were effective in the simulation of the growth curves.ANOVA analysis showed significant differences in height of different clones (P/0.01).Average date of maximum height growth was Day 173,and average duration of rapid growth lasted for 50 days.Annual average increase in height was 9.7cm d^(-1) and daily average increase was 0.2 cm.The ratio of GR to the total annual increase in height ranged from 51.2 to 68.8%,with the average being 59.8%.There was a positive correlation between k values and plant heights which benefited from the evaluation of early plant height.There was also a positive correlation between GR(growth stage),GD(plant height) and annual increase in height.These results are informative to the evaluation of the elite clone selection and provide a theoretical basis for breeding and management.
文摘Mapping of low or single-copy sequences on plant chromosomes has proven difficult because of very low frequency of signal detection. Rice BAC library is being used widely in rice genome research due to its distinctive advantages over other library systems. In this study, two biotin-labeled rice BAC clones closely linked to a rice blast resistance, green leafhopper resistance and tungro spherical virus resistance gene,Pi-5(t), Glh, RTSV, werein situ hybridized to rice chromosomes. They were located on the long arm and short arm of chromosome 4 with FL value of 40%and 100%respectively. The frequency of signal detection reached 46.8%and 59.2%. The signal location were consistent with the selective marker on rice saturated molecular map. The results demonstrated the advantages to locate BAC clones to chromosomes byin situ hybridization and will facilitate the rice low or single-copy gene location by using the BAC library.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shangdong Province,China(Z2005D04).
文摘A subtractive cDNA library was developed to study genes associated with bud dormancy release in tree peonies. In order to identify genes that are highly expressed in buds released from dormancy, 588 clones were examined by differential screening. Of these, 185 clones were selected to be sequenced. A total of 37 unique sequences were obtained of which only 31 sequences have matches in the NCBI database or the Arabidopsis thaliana protein database. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to confirm further the expression profiles for 12 transcripts identified within the subtractive cDNA library. Gene ontology analyses indicated that many of the different genes identified have unknown or hypothetical functions while it is speculated that other genes play different mo- lecular roles. In our study, genes involved in bud dormancy release were growth-related or stress-responsive, while low-temperature-induced ribosomal proteins may also play a role in bud dormancy release. Our results provide interesting information for further understanding of the molecular mechanism of bud dormancy release in tree peonies.
文摘The hybridization experiment was initiated in 1975, in which the parents of P davhaana were collectedfrom Dailing, Heilongiiang Province, P. suaveolens were from Baicheng, P. simonii from Zhaodong of Heilongjiang Prov-ince, and P. tremula from Shanxi Province. Clones No 1333 of P. Alba x P. davidiana and No 1132 of P davidiana x (Palba x P. davidiana F1) had greater genetic variation and heritability in clones tested.
文摘The aim of this study is to screen proteins interacting with interferon-α (IFN-α). The IFN-α gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pGBKT-/vector, then the resulted pGBKT-/-IFN-α vector was transformed into yeast strain AH109. The transformed yeast AH109 was mated with yeast Y187 containing liver cDNA library plasmid in 2 × YPDA medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium (SD/-Trp-Leu-His-Ade and SD/-Trp-Leu-His) con- taining X-α-gal for selection. After plasmid extraction and enzyme cutting analysis, the blue colonies were subjected to sequence analysis and the results were analyzed by bioinformatics. The results showed that IFN-α was successful cloned into the pGBKT7 vector. IFN-α was expressed and there was no selfactivation and toxicity in AH109. Thirty-four positive colonies were obtained after yeast-two hybrid technique screening. After sequence analysis, eight clones were found to have a binding effect with IFN-α protein. IFN-α was successfully cloned into the pGBKT7 vector. IFN-α protein was expressed and there was no self-activation and toxicity in AH109. Eight proteins that interacted with IFN-α, including vitronectin, fibrinogen A alpha polypeptide, HIV-1 Tat interactive protein 2, arginase, NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta subcomplex, transferrin receptor 2 alpha (TFR2), HCC-1, alcohol dehydrogenase IB (ADHIB) have been identified as IFN-α-binding proteins.
文摘The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) mating assay is a powerful method for detecting protein-protein interactions. Firstly, the gene of interest is cloned into specific Y2H vectors. Although multiple innovations in cloning methods were made in the past two decades, the conventional cloning method of restriction-enzyme (RE) digestion followed by ligation is still widely used. Unfortunately, many researchers, especially new-comers, often encounter difficulties in cloning a gene into a desired vector. Secondly, interaction between two proteins is commonly detected by growth of the diploids in specific media. This step takes about two weeks. Here, we describe improved cloning and detection procedures for the Y2H assay that accelerate the research progress. The changes in procedures involve running an agarose gel after the doubly digested vector and insert are ligated in the cloning step to determine the efficiency of RE digestion and ligation, and performing an additional replica-plating on plates for earlier assessment of interaction in the detection step. We show an example of Y2H interaction between Trs23 and Trs120 (respective subunits of TRAPP I and TRAPP II), as a proof of concept. By following the improved methods described here, the chances of successful cloning increased and the time for the whole Y2H experimental process is significantly shorter.