Optimization of fermentation conditions for P450 BM-3 monooxygenase production by hybrid design methodology

Factorial design and response surface techniques were used to design and optimize increasing P450 BM-3 expression in E, coll. Operational conditions for maximum production were determined with twelve parameters under consideration： the concentration of FeCl3, induction at OD578 （optical density measured at 578 nm）, induction time and inoculum concentration. Initially, Plackett-Burman （PB） design was used to evaluate the process variables relevant in relation to P450 BM-3 production. Four statistically significant parameters for response were selected and utilized in order to optimize the process. With the 416C model of hybrid design, response surfaces were generated, and P450 BM-3 production was improved to 57.90×10^-3 U/ml by the best combinations of the physicochemical parameters at optimum levels of 0,12 mg/L FeCl3, inoculum concentration of 2.10%, induction at OD578 equal to 1.07, and with 6.05 h of induction.

复杂建设环境下基于Hybrid A^(*)算法的铁路平面线形绿色优化设计

随着“双碳经济下绿色铁路”理念的兴起,将“绿色生态”融入到铁路平面线路优化已成为近年来的研究热点。本文以铁路建设成本与生态破坏成本的协同优化为目标,引入并改进了一种自动驾驶导航算法(Hybrid A^(*)算法),以适应复杂的铁路设计问题,同时考虑最小曲线半径、最大曲线半径、最短曲线长度、最短夹直线长度、缓和曲线长度等铁路线形约束。研究结果表明:(1)改进后算法以离散网格方式整合外部环境因素,实现渐进式全局探索,获取接近全局最优的铁路线路设计结果;(2)该方法在复杂外部环境约束下,无需预设水平交点位置和数量,可自动生成符合线路-环境耦合约束的优化平面线路方案。

Design and Analysis of Hybrid Systems for Scooters

Hybrid technology has been widely developed for various vehicles in recent years.However,due to the limitation of size and space,it is difficult to apply the technology in the small two-wheeled vehicles,especially scooters.For scooters,the hybrid system could be with small capacity,and must be simple and affordable.The Purpose of this study is to analyze and develop the conceptual designs of fuel-electric hybrid systems especially for scooters.Firstly,the graph called ＂function power graph（FPG）＂ is defined,which transforms traditional mechanical schematic diagrams into simplified graphs,and makes the characteristics of hybrid systems can be identified clearly.Based on the FPG,a systematic method for synthesizing all possible arrangements of hybrid systems,then,is developed,and the hybrid system arrangements with one internal combustion engine（ICE）,one electric machine（M/G）,and some mechanical clutch units are all enumerated.In order to evaluate the applicability of these design concepts for Scooters,twelve system functions and three system complexities are defined,and this evaluation process can be automated numerically by using a computer program,which is Matlab in this study.With the systematic design and analysis methods developed,the function capability and characteristics of current hybrid systems can be easily identified,and also,new and useful hybrid systems are found for future possible applications.

Response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization for complex product under mixed uncertainties

Minimizing the impact of the mixed uncertainties(i.e.,the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty) for a complex product of compliant mechanism(CPCM) quality improvement signifies a fascinating research topic to enhance the robustness.However, most of the existing works in the CPCM robust design optimization neglect the mixed uncertainties, which might result in an unstable design or even an infeasible design. To solve this issue, a response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization(RSM-based HRDO) approach is proposed to improve the robustness of the quality characteristic for the CPCM via considering the mixed uncertainties in the robust design optimization. A bridge-type amplification mechanism is used to manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The comparison results prove that the proposed approach can not only keep its superiority in the robustness, but also provide a robust scheme for optimizing the design parameters.

Series-parallel Hybrid Vehicle Control Strategy Design and Optimization Using Real-valued Genetic Algorithm

Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle, few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex co nstruction and control strategy. In this paper, a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed, and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed. The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge, a tangent penalty function of state of charge（SOC） is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem. For this strategy, the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed, and an ＂optimal line＂ typed strategy is designed for the parallel control. The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching, the highest state of charge allowed, the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed. They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes, arithmetic crossover and mutation operators. The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test, in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule. The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization. This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper, but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles.

Design and Fuel Consumption Optimization for a Bio-Inspired Semi-floating Hybrid Vehicle

Based on a bionic concept and combing air-cushion techniques and track driving mechanisms, a novel semi-floating hybrid concept vehicle is proposed to meet the transportation requirements on soft terrain. First, the vehicle scheme and its improved duel-spring flexible suspension design are described. Then, its fuel consumption model is proposed accordingly with respect to two vehicle operating parameters. Aiming at minimizing the fuel consumption, two Genetic Algorithms （GAs） are designed and implemented. For the initial one （GA-1）, despite getting an acceptable result, there still existed some problems in its optimiza- tion process. Based on an analysis of the defects of GA-1, an improved algorithm GA-2 was developed whose effectiveness and stability were embodied in the optimization process and results. The proposed design scheme and optimization approaches can provide valuable references for this new kind of vehicle with industry, military or scientific exploitations, etc. promising applications in the areas of agriculture, petroleum industry, military or scientific explaitations, etc.

3D Digital Design of Cranes' Structures Based on Hybrid Software Architecture

3D digital design for cranes’ structures based on hybrid software architecture of Client/Server and Browser/Server is introduced in this paper. Based on Pro/ENGINEER platform,3D parametric model family is built to allow generation of feasible configurations of cranes’ structures in Client/Server framework. Taking use of Visual C++,the second exploiting software kit provided by Pro/ENGINEER and ANSYS GUI/APDL modeling patterns,an integration method of 3D CAD and CAE is achieved,which includes regeneration of 3D parametric model,synchronous updating and analysis of FEA model. As in Browser/Server framework,the 3D CAD models of parts,components and the whole structure could also be displayed in the customer’s browser in VRML format.

APPLICATION OF HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM IN AEROELASTIC MULTIDISCIPLINARY DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF LARGE AIRCRAFT

The genetic/gradient-based hybrid algorithm is introduced and used in the design studies of aeroelastic optimization of large aircraft wings to attain skin distribution,stiffness distribution and design sensitivity.The program of genetic algorithm is developed by the authors while the gradient-based algorithm borrows from the modified method for feasible direction in MSC/NASTRAN software.In the hybrid algorithm,the genetic algorithm is used to perform global search to avoid to fall into local optima,and then the excellent individuals of every generation optimized by the genetic algorithm are further fine-tuned by the modified method for feasible direction to attain the local optima and hence to get global optima.Moreover,the application effects of hybrid genetic algorithm in aeroelastic multidisciplinary design optimization of large aircraft wing are discussed,which satisfy multiple constraints of strength,displacement,aileron efficiency,and flutter speed.The application results show that the genetic/gradient-based hybrid algorithm is available for aeroelastic optimization of large aircraft wings in initial design phase as well as detailed design phase,and the optimization results are very consistent.Therefore,the design modifications can be decreased using the genetic/gradient-based hybrid algorithm.

Enabling Hybrid Projects through Appropriate Market Design

Large-scale hybrid power plants, composed of two or more generation sources and with the participation of energy storage systems, have driven important electricity Market Design regulation discussions worldwide. Regulatory framework ought to be adapted to support technical particularities of these new generation arranges. This paper presents an assessment of the main requirements to be met by Market Design to enable hybrid power plants by means of assertive market incentives. Assessing regulatory adjustments promoted in Australia, United States, India, China, and Brazil, emphasizing the latter one, the authors presents a case study by applying specific computational simulation and optimization model to a hybrid Hydro-Solar plant, that supports the findings for the necessary evolution needed in the national regulatory framework in order to enable hybrid projects. The evaluation of international experiences indicates that the insertion of hybrid projects is associated with the design of the market they belong to and demand regulatory adjustments so that their attributes can be properly valued for the benefit of all stakeholders, especially for the electricity consumer.

基于虚拟仿真平台的线上线下混合式教学研究

伴随着大数据时代的来临,高等教育模式正面临着重大改革。为提高相似理论与相似方法课程的教学效果与质量,该文构建基于虚拟仿真平台的线上线下混合式教学模式,从课前学习、课上教学、课堂讨论和课后辅导等方面对混合式教学进行综合的论述,通过教学反思,对教学模式提出相应建议与心得,以期更好地提高学生学习的效率,为混合式教育模式的改革分享经验。

探索细菌杂交实验在高中生物学教学中的应用

利用细菌杂交技术,设计并实施筛选耐药性细菌实验,这种简便易行的高中遗传学实验,可以帮助学生深入了解遗传学的相关知识,认识到细菌耐药性的危害,增强社会责任感,提高生物学学科核心素养。

近远场地震下RC大跨轻柔拱桥减隔震支座方案优化

为探明不同地震动输入对某大跨轻柔拱桥减隔震的影响,通过非线性有限元模型分析近远场地震下桥梁结构的响应规律,得到大桥支座的优化布置方案.首先,基于模态分析,对比该桥与传统钢筋混凝土(RC)拱桥动力特性差异;其次,选取不同脉冲周期的近场地震动、近场无脉冲及远场长周期地震动记录;最后,研究近远场地震下拱桥的响应行为和损伤演化路径,得到优化桥梁的减隔震支座设计方案.研究结果表明:近场脉冲及远场长周期地震下的桥梁结构响应大于无脉冲地震响应;纵竖向地震下高墩柱剪力及弯矩包络曲线呈“S”形,墩身中部易形成塑性铰,高阶振型影响显著;桥梁纵桥向先于横向震损,损伤路径依次为矮柱、高墩柱及拱肋实心-空心截面段;摩擦摆支座减震效果最佳但位移较大,高阻尼支座方案在近场中长脉冲周期及远场长周期地震下仍会发生损伤,板式橡胶支座方案因无法保证支座同步滑移而不能形成准隔震体系;“高阻尼+摩擦摆”混合方案的支座位移小,拱肋及墩柱均处于弹性,是近断层大跨轻柔RC拱桥的优选减隔震方案.

Study and Design of Hybrid Triplet Lens

This study presents a new method for designing algorithm for a triplet lens with one or two elements that are made of a gradient index medium (GRIN). This method is based upon considering a well-known designed triplet lens (Cooke triplet lens) as a target lens for designing of the Hybrid Triplet Lens (HTL). Our design was based upon keeping the total optical path length for the axial ray fixed for each case of design. The results showed that several designs for the HTL have the same total powers of the target lens. These designs depend on the variation of the GRIN element parameter values and the order of the GRIN element position in the system. These HTL designs have been evaluated by considering several optical merit functions, i.e., the root mean square (RMS) spot radius, wave front error and the spherical aberration. To achieve the optimal design, these functions are compared for the target lens and the HTL designs through a wide range of field angles.

对称悬架混联轮腿机器人结构设计与参数优化

为了实现机器人在地下空间低能耗的灵活运动,文中设计了一种对称悬架混联轮腿机器人,并针对其腿部参数优化问题,提出了一种基于沙猫群算法的性能均衡优化方法(简称均衡优化方法)。结合对称四边形机构与悬架系统,设计了一种对称悬架混联式轮腿结构,并建立其运动学和动力学模型,分析了腿部杆长对单轮腿运动空间和灵活性指标的影响,预优化确定了腿部初始杆长均为0.3 m。在满足轮腿越障规划空间及高灵活性的基础上,为了实现低能耗,建立了轮腿性能均衡优化评价指标,采用均衡优化方法对腿部杆长进行了优化研究。数值计算结果表明:大腿和小腿杆长最优值分别为0.23 m和0.3 m,该轮腿运动能耗为23.18 J,运动空间为0.1322 m2,灵活性指标变化范围为(0.2,1)。优化后灵活性保持不变,运动空间减小了24.54%,能耗降低了22.60%,验证了该方法合理有效,为轮腿机器人的设计与优化提供了一种新的思路。

叶轮零件增减材复合加工工艺规划及虚拟仿真加工研究

针对叶轮零件结构复杂、加工难度大等问题,对其结构及工艺特点进行分析,制定增减材复合加工工艺规划,并基于NX软件设计增材和减材加工的刀具轨迹,最后通过在VERICUT中构建的虚拟仿真系统对加工过程进行仿真,验证增减材复合加工工艺及NC程序的正确性。虚拟仿真加工结果表明,该方法可为复杂零件高效、高质量加工提供一种新的思路和参考。

高职“机械设计基础”课程混合式教学改革创新路径研究

基于“机械设计基础”这门课程的特点和高职学习者学情,探索“学做研创”专业基础课程改革路径,通过设计不同的产品结构设计主题,以机械产品设计为主线,有机融入“机械原理设计→机械结构设计→机械产品评价”教学方式,创新实施基于成果导向的“1+1+N”线上线下混合式教学模式,以宿舍为单位组建学习型组织,团队协作完成不同难易程度的机械作品以检验学习成果,实现“教与学、学与做、做与创”深度融合,让“学习者成为课堂主体”“教师成为课堂主导教练员”,打造高效优质金课堂。

“面料检测与分析”课程多元混合式教学模式研究与实践

在“互联网+”教育的时代背景下,多元混合式教学模式在高职教学中得到广泛应用。“面料检测与分析”课程是纺织类专业的核心课程,基于“课程知识项目化、教学资源阶段化、教学流程层次化”建设基本思路,“课前导学、课中研学和课后促学”三环节设计教学活动,通过多元混合式教学改革与实践,学生的学习兴趣和自主学习能力得到明显提升,有效地促进“教”与“学”双向互动。

卫星导航定位课程基于证据启发的学习设计

核心素养是学生应具备的能适应社会和终身发展需要的关键能力和必备品格,实践创新是6大核心素养之一。随着“互联网+教育”的迅速发展,结合网络教育对卫星导航定位专业课程进行基于证据启发的学习设计,有益于培养学生的实践创新素养。以提高工程实践能力为目标,通过线上线下混合式教学下翻转课堂的讨论式、启发式教学方法对该课程的专业知识进行关联、融合、贯通,进一步应用于解决工程实践问题。经过3轮以上的教学实践,通过对比传统式、混合式等不同教授—学习设计发现,混合式教学下基于证据启发的工程案例学习设计有助于培养学生解决复杂工程问题的能力以及工程实践创新能力。

基于高维混合模型的离心泵叶轮子午面优化设计

为提高离心泵在设计工况下的运行效率和扬程,提出一种基于高维混合模型的离心泵叶轮优化设计方法.选取一台比转数为157的单级离心泵作为研究对象,通过CFturbo软件对优化变量进行参数化,然后结合数值模拟获得高维混合模型的训练集.在此基础上采用获取的训练集通过MATLAB机器学习得出效率、扬程与优化参数之间关于支持向量回归的高维模型,并采用遗传算法寻优.在设计工况下,所拟合的高维混合模型预测的效率和扬程值比原模型分别高1.5%和3.2 m,数值模拟验证优化方案的效率和扬程分别比原模型高0.9%和2.1 m.算例研究表明,将高维混合模型应用于离心泵叶轮的优化设计中可以实现快速寻优并提高离心泵水力性能.