Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)is an important tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,China.Despite its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and domestication/br...Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)is an important tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,China.Despite its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and domestication/breeding history remain unclear.To address this issue,we genotyped 469 ancient tea plant trees representing 26 C.sinensis var.assamica populations,plus two of its wild relatives(six and three populations of C.taliensis and C.crassicolumna,respectively)using 16 nuclear microsatellite loci.Results showed that Chinese Assam tea has a relatively high,but comparatively lower gene diversity(H_(S)=0.638)than the wild relative C.crassicolumna(H_S=0.658).Clustering in STRUCTURE indicated that Chinese Assam tea and its two wild relatives formed distinct genetic groups,with considerable interspecific introgression.The Chinese Assam tea accessions clustered into three gene pools,corresponding well with their geographic distribution.However,New Hybrids analysis indicated that 68.48%of ancient Chinese Assam tea plants from Xishuangbanna were genetic intermediates between the Puer and Lincang gene pools.In addition,10%of the ancient Chinese Assam tea individuals were found to be hybrids between Chinese Assam tea and C.taliensis.Our results suggest that Chinese Assam tea was domesticated separately in three gene pools(Puer,Lincang and Xishuangbanna)in the Mekong River valley and that the hybrids were subsequently selected during the domestication process.Although the domestication history of Chinese Assam tea in southwestern Yunnan remains complex,our results will help to identify valuable genetic resources that may be useful in future tea breeding programs.展开更多
The knowledge of the primary origin of tumor is essential in designing an efficient cancer treatment algorithm. Useful diagnostic tools enable determination of primary origin of the tumor;however the majority of them ...The knowledge of the primary origin of tumor is essential in designing an efficient cancer treatment algorithm. Useful diagnostic tools enable determination of primary origin of the tumor;however the majority of them require tissue examination. Recent years, exploration of circulating tumor cells enabled scientists to study different parameters using the painless liquid biopsy. The present study aimed to identify whether aCGH might be used as a diagnostic tool in cancer detecting the primary origin of the tumor. Blood was extracted from healthy individuals and cancer samples and CTCs isolated. DNA extracted from the above samples and aCGH experiments followed. The samples were blinded analyzed and then unmasked to calculate specificity and sensitivity of the method. The sensitivity was 94%, the specificity 88%, while the positive prediction rate of the primary tumor was 72%. aCGH is a powerful tool in cancer diagnosis and treatment plan with high sensitivity and specificity rates. It can be performed from blood sample, which makes it an appropriate method for every patient, mainly for patients with unknown origin of the primary tumor.展开更多
Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus)is a global multifunctional crop.It has wide applications in the food,health,feed,and biofuel industries and in ecological protection;it also serves as a germplasm pool for bre...Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus)is a global multifunctional crop.It has wide applications in the food,health,feed,and biofuel industries and in ecological protection;it also serves as a germplasm pool for breeding of the global oil crop common sunflower(Helianthus annuus).However,biological studies of Je-rusalem artichoke have been hindered by a lack of genome sequences,and its high polyploidy and large genome size have posed challenges to genome assembly.Here,we report a 21-Gb chromosome-level as-sembly of the hexaploid Jerusalem artichoke genome,which comprises 17 homologous groups,each with 6 pseudochromosomes.We found multiple large-scale chromosome rearrangements between Jerusalem artichoke and common sunflower,and our results show that the hexaploid genome of Jerusalem artichoke was formed by a hybridization event between a tetraploid and a diploid Helianthus species,followed by chromosome doubling of the hybrid,which occurred approximately 2 million years ago.Moreover,we iden-tied more copies of actively expressed genes involved in inulin metabolism and showed that these genes may still be undergoing loss of function or sub-or neofunctionalization.These genomic resources will pro-mote further biological studies,breeding improvement,and industrial utilization of Helianthus crops.展开更多
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970363,31161140350)the Key Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province,China(202101BC070003)supported by the Scottish Government’s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services division。
文摘Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)is an important tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,China.Despite its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and domestication/breeding history remain unclear.To address this issue,we genotyped 469 ancient tea plant trees representing 26 C.sinensis var.assamica populations,plus two of its wild relatives(six and three populations of C.taliensis and C.crassicolumna,respectively)using 16 nuclear microsatellite loci.Results showed that Chinese Assam tea has a relatively high,but comparatively lower gene diversity(H_(S)=0.638)than the wild relative C.crassicolumna(H_S=0.658).Clustering in STRUCTURE indicated that Chinese Assam tea and its two wild relatives formed distinct genetic groups,with considerable interspecific introgression.The Chinese Assam tea accessions clustered into three gene pools,corresponding well with their geographic distribution.However,New Hybrids analysis indicated that 68.48%of ancient Chinese Assam tea plants from Xishuangbanna were genetic intermediates between the Puer and Lincang gene pools.In addition,10%of the ancient Chinese Assam tea individuals were found to be hybrids between Chinese Assam tea and C.taliensis.Our results suggest that Chinese Assam tea was domesticated separately in three gene pools(Puer,Lincang and Xishuangbanna)in the Mekong River valley and that the hybrids were subsequently selected during the domestication process.Although the domestication history of Chinese Assam tea in southwestern Yunnan remains complex,our results will help to identify valuable genetic resources that may be useful in future tea breeding programs.
文摘The knowledge of the primary origin of tumor is essential in designing an efficient cancer treatment algorithm. Useful diagnostic tools enable determination of primary origin of the tumor;however the majority of them require tissue examination. Recent years, exploration of circulating tumor cells enabled scientists to study different parameters using the painless liquid biopsy. The present study aimed to identify whether aCGH might be used as a diagnostic tool in cancer detecting the primary origin of the tumor. Blood was extracted from healthy individuals and cancer samples and CTCs isolated. DNA extracted from the above samples and aCGH experiments followed. The samples were blinded analyzed and then unmasked to calculate specificity and sensitivity of the method. The sensitivity was 94%, the specificity 88%, while the positive prediction rate of the primary tumor was 72%. aCGH is a powerful tool in cancer diagnosis and treatment plan with high sensitivity and specificity rates. It can be performed from blood sample, which makes it an appropriate method for every patient, mainly for patients with unknown origin of the primary tumor.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC2600101)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20190814163805604 and KQTD20180411143628272)+1 种基金the Fund of the Key Laboratory of Shenzhen (ZDSYS20141118170111640)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program.
文摘Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus)is a global multifunctional crop.It has wide applications in the food,health,feed,and biofuel industries and in ecological protection;it also serves as a germplasm pool for breeding of the global oil crop common sunflower(Helianthus annuus).However,biological studies of Je-rusalem artichoke have been hindered by a lack of genome sequences,and its high polyploidy and large genome size have posed challenges to genome assembly.Here,we report a 21-Gb chromosome-level as-sembly of the hexaploid Jerusalem artichoke genome,which comprises 17 homologous groups,each with 6 pseudochromosomes.We found multiple large-scale chromosome rearrangements between Jerusalem artichoke and common sunflower,and our results show that the hexaploid genome of Jerusalem artichoke was formed by a hybridization event between a tetraploid and a diploid Helianthus species,followed by chromosome doubling of the hybrid,which occurred approximately 2 million years ago.Moreover,we iden-tied more copies of actively expressed genes involved in inulin metabolism and showed that these genes may still be undergoing loss of function or sub-or neofunctionalization.These genomic resources will pro-mote further biological studies,breeding improvement,and industrial utilization of Helianthus crops.
