As a promising photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells(pero-SCs) have developed rapidly over the past few years and the highest power conversion efficiency is beyond 25%. Nowadays, the planar structure is univ...As a promising photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells(pero-SCs) have developed rapidly over the past few years and the highest power conversion efficiency is beyond 25%. Nowadays, the planar structure is universally popular in pero-SCs due to the simple processing technology and low-temperature preparation.Electron transport layer(ETL) is verified to play a vital role in the device performance of planar pero-SCs. Particularly, the metal oxide(MO) ETL with low-cost, superb versatility, and excellent optoelectronic properties has been widely studied. This review mainly focuses on recent developments in the use of low-temperature-processed MO ETLs for planar pero-SCs. The optical and electronic properties of widely used MO materials of TiO_(2), ZnO, and SnO_(2), as well as the optimizations of these MO ETLs are briefly introduced. The commonly used methods for depositing MO ETLs are also discussed. Then, the applications of different MO ETLs on pero-SCs are reviewed.Finally, the challenge and future research of MO-based ETLs toward practical application of efficient planar peroSCs are proposed.展开更多
Organic polymer solar cells(OSCs) and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have achieved notable progress over the past several years.A central topic in these fields is exploring electronically effici...Organic polymer solar cells(OSCs) and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have achieved notable progress over the past several years.A central topic in these fields is exploring electronically efficient,stable and effective hole-transporting layer(HTL) materials.The goal is to enhance hole-collection ability,reduce charge recombination,increase built-in voltage,and hence improve the performance as well as the device stability.Transition metal oxides(TMOs) semiconductors such as NiO_x,CuO_x,CrO_x,MoO_x,WO_3,and V_2O_5,have been widely used as HTLs in OSCs.These TMOs are naturally adopted into PSC as HTLs and shows their importance.There are similarities,and also differences in applying TMOs in these two types of main solution processed solar cells.This concise review is on the recent developments of transition metal oxide HTL in OSCs and PSCs.The paper starts from the discussion of the cation valence and electronic structure of the transition metal oxide materials,followed by analyzing the structure-property relationships of these HTLs,which we attempt to give a systematic introduction about the influences of their cation valence,electronic structure,work function and film property on device performance.展开更多
The electron transport layer plays a vital function in extracting and transporting photogenerated electrons, modifying the interface, aligning the interfacial energy level and minimizing the charge recombination in pe...The electron transport layer plays a vital function in extracting and transporting photogenerated electrons, modifying the interface, aligning the interfacial energy level and minimizing the charge recombination in perovskite solar cells. This review summarizes the recent research progress on electron transport materials of metal oxides, organic molecules and multilayers. The doped metal oxides as electron transport materials in regular perovskite solar cells show improved device performance relative to their non-doped counterpart due to enhanced electron mobility and energy level alignment. The non-fullerene organic electron transport materials with better electron mobility and tunable energy level alignment need to be further designed and developed despite their advantages of mechanical flexibility and wide range tunability. The multilayer electron transport materials are suggested to be an important direction of research for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells because of their favorable synergistic interaction.展开更多
We investigate an electron transport bilayer fabricated at <110 °C to form all low-temperature processed,thermally stable, efficient perovskite solar cells with negligible hysteresis. The components of the bil...We investigate an electron transport bilayer fabricated at <110 °C to form all low-temperature processed,thermally stable, efficient perovskite solar cells with negligible hysteresis. The components of the bilayer create a symbiosis that results in improved devices compared with either of the components being used in isolation. A sol-gel derived ZnO layer facilitates improved energy level alignment and enhanced charge carrier extraction and a [6,6]-phenyl-C_(61)-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM) layer to reduce hysteresis and enhance perovskite thermal stability. The creation of a bilayer structure allows materials that are inherently unsuitable to be in contact with the perovskite active layer to be used in efficient devices through simple surface modification strategies.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51922074,22075194,51673138,and 51820105003)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2020YFB1506400)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (No.20KJA430010)the Tang Scholar,Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technologythe Fundamental Research Funds for Jiaxing University (Nos.CDN70518005 and CD70519019)Jiaxing Public Welfare Research Program in 2019 (No.2019AY11007)the General Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Zhejiang Province (No.Y201942334)。
文摘As a promising photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells(pero-SCs) have developed rapidly over the past few years and the highest power conversion efficiency is beyond 25%. Nowadays, the planar structure is universally popular in pero-SCs due to the simple processing technology and low-temperature preparation.Electron transport layer(ETL) is verified to play a vital role in the device performance of planar pero-SCs. Particularly, the metal oxide(MO) ETL with low-cost, superb versatility, and excellent optoelectronic properties has been widely studied. This review mainly focuses on recent developments in the use of low-temperature-processed MO ETLs for planar pero-SCs. The optical and electronic properties of widely used MO materials of TiO_(2), ZnO, and SnO_(2), as well as the optimizations of these MO ETLs are briefly introduced. The commonly used methods for depositing MO ETLs are also discussed. Then, the applications of different MO ETLs on pero-SCs are reviewed.Finally, the challenge and future research of MO-based ETLs toward practical application of efficient planar peroSCs are proposed.
基金supported by the Project of Strategic Importance provided by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(1-ZE29)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2014CFB275)+2 种基金the Special(2016T90724,2014T70735)and General(2015M572187,2013M531737)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Chinathe National High Technology Research and Development Program(2015AA050601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61376013,91433203,11674252)
文摘Organic polymer solar cells(OSCs) and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have achieved notable progress over the past several years.A central topic in these fields is exploring electronically efficient,stable and effective hole-transporting layer(HTL) materials.The goal is to enhance hole-collection ability,reduce charge recombination,increase built-in voltage,and hence improve the performance as well as the device stability.Transition metal oxides(TMOs) semiconductors such as NiO_x,CuO_x,CrO_x,MoO_x,WO_3,and V_2O_5,have been widely used as HTLs in OSCs.These TMOs are naturally adopted into PSC as HTLs and shows their importance.There are similarities,and also differences in applying TMOs in these two types of main solution processed solar cells.This concise review is on the recent developments of transition metal oxide HTL in OSCs and PSCs.The paper starts from the discussion of the cation valence and electronic structure of the transition metal oxide materials,followed by analyzing the structure-property relationships of these HTLs,which we attempt to give a systematic introduction about the influences of their cation valence,electronic structure,work function and film property on device performance.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Peacock Plan Program(KQTD2016053015544057)the Nanshan Pilot Plan(LHTD20170001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773230)
文摘The electron transport layer plays a vital function in extracting and transporting photogenerated electrons, modifying the interface, aligning the interfacial energy level and minimizing the charge recombination in perovskite solar cells. This review summarizes the recent research progress on electron transport materials of metal oxides, organic molecules and multilayers. The doped metal oxides as electron transport materials in regular perovskite solar cells show improved device performance relative to their non-doped counterpart due to enhanced electron mobility and energy level alignment. The non-fullerene organic electron transport materials with better electron mobility and tunable energy level alignment need to be further designed and developed despite their advantages of mechanical flexibility and wide range tunability. The multilayer electron transport materials are suggested to be an important direction of research for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells because of their favorable synergistic interaction.
基金the China Scholarship Council for financial support for PhD studiessupport through the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Plastic Electronics(EP/L016702/1)
文摘We investigate an electron transport bilayer fabricated at <110 °C to form all low-temperature processed,thermally stable, efficient perovskite solar cells with negligible hysteresis. The components of the bilayer create a symbiosis that results in improved devices compared with either of the components being used in isolation. A sol-gel derived ZnO layer facilitates improved energy level alignment and enhanced charge carrier extraction and a [6,6]-phenyl-C_(61)-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM) layer to reduce hysteresis and enhance perovskite thermal stability. The creation of a bilayer structure allows materials that are inherently unsuitable to be in contact with the perovskite active layer to be used in efficient devices through simple surface modification strategies.
