Transcriptome and metabolome profiling of unheading in F1 hybrid rice

Heading date is a crucial agronomic trait.However,rice usually delays heading due to the photoperiod,temperature,hormones or age.The present research was conducted to analyze the mechanism cotrlling heading date in F,hybrid rice.We constructed two test-crossing populations using two introgression lines(ILs),P20 and P21 coming from SH527/FH838 as the male parent,respectively,and male sterile line Jin23A as the female parent.Meanwhile,the F,hybrids of H20,obtained by mating P20 with Jin23A and having no heading,and H21,from the crossing between P21 and Jin23A having normal heading,were both observed under long days.Here,we analyzed the photoperiodic response of F,hybrids by transcriptome and metabolome profiling.The greater differences displayed in the transcriptome and the metabolome were caused by photoperiod(exogenous)instead of genes(endogenous).The coping mechanism resulted from long days(LD)in H20,leading to differences in the circadian rhythm and glutathione metabolism relative to other samples.The circadian oscillator and GSH/GSSG cycle typically regulate ROS homeostasis,and both of them are responsible for modulating ROS in H20 under LD condition.Both circadian rhythm genes and the reported genes related to heading date function via the DHD1/OsMFT1-Ehd1-RFT1-OsMADS14/OsMADS18 pathway and the glutathione metabolism pathway by regulating oxidative reduction processes.Both pathways are involved in the heading process and they interacted through the oxidative reduction process which was induced by photoperiod regulation,and all of them collectively modulated the heading process.The results of this study will be helpful for unraveling the mechanism of F,hybrid responses to unheading under LD condition.

Analysis of Protein and Isoenzyme of LiLum davidii var.unicolor,Lilium Asiatic Hybrids and Their Hybrid F_1

[Objective]The paper was to provide theoretical basis for selection of parental combination and early identification of hybrids.[Method]The soluble protein and peroxidase of LiLum davidii var.unicolor,Lilium Asiatic hybrids and their filial generations were analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique.[Result]The protein spectrum of filial generation with L.davidii var.unicolor as parent not only appeared the homologous band as parent with darker coloring,but also had new bands compared with parent.Peroxidase zymogram of hybrid F1 mainly displayed incomplete complementary and hybrid type of parent.[Conclusion]Protein spectrum and peroxidase zymogram could be used as the biochemical markers for the identification of hybrids of lily,which could also detect the target traits of plant.

Anther Culture about Hybrid F_1 by Solanum torvum SW.(♂) × Solanum melongena L.(♀)

Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different hormone combinations and concentrations on cal us induction and pIant regeneration of F1 hybrid of Solanum torvum SW. ＆#215; Solanum melongena L. [Method] Media suppIemented with different combinations and concentrations of hormones were pre-pared for anther cal us induction, proIiferation, differentiation and regeneration. [Re-sult] MS＋1.0 m/L 2, 4-D＋0.5 mg/L 6-BA was the optimum medium for anther cal us induction. MS＋1.0 mg/L KT＋0.1 mg/L NAA was the optimum medium for cal us proIiferation. MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.3 mg/L NAA was the optimum medium for in-duction of adventitious buds. MS＋0.3 mg/L IAA was the optimum medium for root-ing of adventitious buds. The highest rooting rate was onIy 37.5 because induction of rooting was a difficuIt work. [Conclusion] The resuIts wiI provide references for outcross fertiIity and genetic improvement of eggpIant.

A New Towel Gourd F_1 hybrid——‘Taisi NO.3'

＇Taisi N0.3＇ is an early mid-maturing towel gourd F1 hybrid developed by crossing Ps17-6-5-2-10-8 as female parent and Ps39-3-8-4-6-5 as male parent. The period from sowing to first harvest is about 75 days in spring cropping. It grows exuberantly in early stage and better in middle and later stages; leaves are green and palmately divided; the maximum leaf＇s length and width are about 25.5 and 33.7 cm. It bears fruit at the main and lateral branch. The first female flower sets on the 7^th-8^th node, and the fruit-setting rate is 72.8%. The fruit-setting rate is high. Its fruit is long round stick shape, 47.4 cm in length, and 3.75 cm in width, with smooth and green skin covered by dark green stripes, dense flesh. The fruit tastes good, with high Vc content. It is resistant to downy mildew, moderately resistant to CMV, and highly resistant to blight. The average fruit weight is about 282.3 g with the general yield of 82 500 kg/hm2.

Preliminary Report on the Breeding of F_1 Hybrid Between Broccolini with High Sulforaphane

Through the use of broccolini innovation resources, a group of unique ex- cellent broccolini and male sterile lines, as well as inbred lines were bred. In the research, 4 hybrid strains were bred by the use of male sterile lines which had vigorous growth, high resistance, good quality, good commodity and high yield, in- cluding Beauty No.l, Beauty No.2, Beauty No.3, Beauty No.4. The results showed that Beauty No.2 behaved the best comprehensive characters of high yield, high commercial value and good taste. The yield of Beauty No.2 was 28 185 kg/hm2 and 25% higher than the control Qianxiu, the sulforaphane content was as high as 48 mg/kg and 77.8%, 272.1% higher than the control of Qianxiu and Manuolv broc- coli, respectively. The comprehensive character of Beauty No.1 ranked the second, the yield was the highest （29 265 kg/hm2） and 30% than the control Qianxiu.

Fatty Acid Composition and Amino Acid Content in Beef of Dehong Buffalo and Its Cross Combinations

The Dehong buffalo( D),F1 hybrids of Dehong buffalo × Murrah buffalo( MD) and F1 hybrids of Dehong × Nili buffalo( ND) as the experimental animals to investigate their fatty acid composition and amino acid content. Five of each buffalos were bred by freely grazing and slaughtered at 35. 8-month old age to investigate the fatty acid composition and amino acid content in beef of Dehong buffalo,MD buffalo and ND buffalo. The results showed that,saturated fatty acid content of Dehong buffalo( 44. 33%) was significantly higher than that of ND buffalo( 41. 39%) and MD buffalo( 41. 48%)( P 【 0. 05),and the latter two were not significantly different( P 】 0. 05). The content of PUFA in Dehong buffalo( 53. 90%) was significantly lower than ND( 56. 83%) and MD( 56. 83%)( P 【0. 05),however,the n- 6∶ n- 3( 4. 25) of Dehong buffalo was significantly higher than ND( 3. 14) and MD( 3. 52)( P 【 0. 05). The content of amino acids in muscle was not significantly different between Dehong buffalo,MD buffalo and ND buffalo( P 】 0. 05),while the acidic amino acid content of Dehong buffalo was higher than that of MD buffalo and ND buffalo.

Electrophoretic Analysis of Isozymes and Proteins in F_1 Hybrids of Ctenopharyngodon idellus ♀ × Elopichthys bambusa ♂

[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the biochemical and genetic characteristics of F1 hybrids of Ctenopharyngodon idellus ♀× Elopichthys bambusa ♂ - [ Method ] By using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technology, three isozymes （LDH, EST, MDH） in nine tissues （heart, brain, eyes, liver, kidney, spleen, fin, muscle, plasma） of F1 hybrids of C. ideUus and parents were compared. [Result] Three isozymes in F1 hybrids of ♀× E. bambusa ♀ were analyzed; differences in isozyme and proteins between F1 hybrids idellus ♀× E. bambusa ♀ exhibited varying degrees of tissue-specificity; isozymes and proteins in F, hybrids were signiticandy different from the parents. [ Conclusion] These nine differences could be used as indicators to identify F1 hybrids and parents.

Breeding of a New Fruit Radish Variety"Sheng Qing Yi Hao"

"Sheng Qing Yi Hao",a new fruit radish F1 hybrid,which was bred from HSR54 A,a self-bred sterile line,and HS1356,an excellent male parent.The flesh of the roots is emerald green,delicate,sweet and crisp.The skin of the roots is little spicy.It takes about 70 d from sowing to maturity.The fleshy roots have a length of 22-27 cm,a diameter of 6-8 cm,and a root weight of 0.8-1.1 kg.The F1 hybrid has stronger resistance to soft rot disease in the field the control group‘Chengyangqing’.It is suitable for cultivation in greenhouse in spring and open field in autumn in north China.

Genotypic Resistance of F_1 Cotton Hybrids by Inoculation with Different Virulent Isolates of the Fungus Verticillium Dahliae Klebahn

The plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae causes severe cotton losses in Uzbekistan. To create cotton varieties that are resistant to the more virulent races of V.dahliae we wanted to determine