Extraction of hydrogen chloride by a coupled reaction-solvent extraction process

A coupled reaction-solvent extraction process was used to remove HC1 from a simulated distiller waste. The extraction performances of various extractants and diluents were compared and the apparent basicity ofN235 （a mixture of tertiary amines） in various diluents was determined. The best results were obtained using N235 and isoamyl alcohol as the extractant and diluent, respectively. The yield of HC1 from the coupled extraction was 75% with this extraction system. The mechanisms for the removal of HC1 in both the direct and coupled extractions were investigated. For the coupled extraction, the formation of an RaNHC1 ion-pair complex was involved in the HC1 removal. For the direct extraction, the mechanism involved the formation of hydrogen bonds at high concentrations of HC1.

Mechanism of Hg^0 oxidation in the presence of HCl over a commercial V_2O_5–WO_3/TiO_2 SCR catalyst

Experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed reactor containing a commercial V2O5/WO3/TiO2 catalyst to investigate mercury oxidation in the presence of HCl and O2. Mercury oxidation was improved significantly in the presence of HCl and O2, and the Hg^0 oxidation efficiencies decreased slowly as the temperature increased from 200 to 400℃. Upon pretreatment with HCl and O2 at 350℃, the catalyst demonstrated higher catalytic activity for Hg^0 oxidation. Notably,the effect of pretreatment with HCl alone was not obvious. For the catalyst treated with HCl and O2, better performance was observed with lower reaction temperatures. The results showed that both HCl and Hg^0 were first adsorbed onto the catalyst and then reacted with O2 following its adsorption, which indicates that the oxidation of Hg^0 over the commercial catalyst followed the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism. Several characterization techniques, including Hg^0temperature-programmed desorption（Hg-TPD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, were employed in this work. Hg-TPD profiles showed that weakly adsorbed mercury species were converted to strongly bound species in the presence of HCl and O2. XPS patterns indicated that new chemisorbed oxygen species were formed by the adsorption of HCl, which consequently facilitated the oxidation of mercury.

Alkylation of benzene with propylene catalyzed by FeCl_(3)-chloropyridine ionic liquid

Alkylation of benzene with propylene was carried out with FeCl_(3)-chloro-butyl-pyridine(FeCl_(3)-[bpc])ionic liquid as catalyst to obtain cumene.Significant improvements in propylene conversion and cumene selectivity under mild reaction conditions were attained by modification of the catalyst with HCl.Under 20℃,0.1 MPa,reaction time 5 min,mole ratio of benzene to propylene 10:1 and mass ratio of FeCl_(3)-[bpc]to benzene 1:100,conversion of propylene can increase from 83.60%to 100.00%and selectivity of cumene can increase from 90.86%to 98.47%.If reaction is carried out in following two stages,the result will be very good.At the initial stage of the reaction,alkylation is the main reaction and a higher conversion of propylene is obtained at a lower tem-perature.At the later stage of the reaction,transalkylation is the main reaction and selectivity to cumene can be increased by appropriately raising the reaction temperature.

Exact quantum and TST-CEQ study of the collinear reaction O+HCl

Exact quantum calculations of reaction probabilities have been carried out using hyperspherical coordinates for the collinear reaction O+HCl(upsilon less than or equal to 1)-->OH(upsilon' less than or equal to 1)+Cl. A generalized LEPS potential energy surface with a barrier height of 8.12 kcal/mol has been used in the calculations. According to the calculated results we found that (1) the reaction probability oscillates with energy, (2) the reaction probability shows vibrational adiabaticity, although it is poorer than that for symmetric reaction Cl+HCl. The analysis of resonance has also been done. The reaction rate constants and average cross sections have been calculated by TST-CEQ method. The rate constants are in agreement with that by QCT and smaller than the experimental one. Finally, the threshold has been estimated and is in good agreement with that of the literature.