Background: A special hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose powder (Nasaleze?) has been used for the alleviation of nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis since 1994. The efficacy of the product has been recently proven but the ...Background: A special hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose powder (Nasaleze?) has been used for the alleviation of nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis since 1994. The efficacy of the product has been recently proven but the mechanism of action was still largely unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the hypothesis that the gel formed after moisture absorption in the nose might act as mechanical barrier that prevents allergen diffusion towards the nasal epithelium. Methods: The diffusion of Der p 1 through HPMC and agar gels was measured in vitro after 15, 30, 60, 180 and 360 minutes using ELISA. Agar blocks were used to simulate the nasal mucosa. Control samples without gel layer were obtained. Results: The control samples with no applied gel barrier absorbed 72.2 % of the Der p 1 solution after 15 minutes and 100 % after 60 minutes. In comparison, the HPMC and agar gel layers both significantly delayed Der p 1 diffu-sion. After 15 minutes 0.76 % had diffused through the HPMC gel layer compared to 28.1 % which diffused through the agar layer. After 360 minutes, 14.1 % of the baseline Der p 1 crossed the HPMC gel layer while 100 % had diffused through the agar layer. Conclusions: HPMC gel significantly reduces Der p 1 diffusion in vitro compared to no barrier and an agar gel layer. This is likely to be due to the small mesh size of the polymer network of HPMC and could have important implications for a preventative treat-ment of allergic rhinitis.展开更多
In this paper, mucoadhesive in-situ gel with poloxamer and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose formulations of itraconazole were prepared for vaginal application. In addition, rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive propert...In this paper, mucoadhesive in-situ gel with poloxamer and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose formulations of itraconazole were prepared for vaginal application. In addition, rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive properties and syringeability of the formulations were characterized. The mixtures of Poloxamer 407 and 188 with two different types of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were used as polymers for gel formulations. Flow rheometry studies and oscillatory analysis of each formulation were performed at 20℃ ± 0.1℃ and 37℃ ± 0.1℃. All formulations exhibited pseudo-plastic flow and typical gel-type mechanical spectra (G′ > G″) after the determined frequency value at 37℃. Texture profile analysis presented that F3 formulation containing 20% poloxamer 407, 10% poloxamer 188 and 0.5% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose appeared to offer more suitable mechanical and mucoadhesive performance. Using different hydroxypropylmethylcellulose type in formulations didn’t significantly change syringeability values. The evaluation of the entire candidate formulations indicated that vaginal formulation of itraconazole will be an alternative for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis with suitable textural and rheological properties. Our results showed that the developed formulations were found worthy of further studies.展开更多
文摘Background: A special hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose powder (Nasaleze?) has been used for the alleviation of nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis since 1994. The efficacy of the product has been recently proven but the mechanism of action was still largely unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the hypothesis that the gel formed after moisture absorption in the nose might act as mechanical barrier that prevents allergen diffusion towards the nasal epithelium. Methods: The diffusion of Der p 1 through HPMC and agar gels was measured in vitro after 15, 30, 60, 180 and 360 minutes using ELISA. Agar blocks were used to simulate the nasal mucosa. Control samples without gel layer were obtained. Results: The control samples with no applied gel barrier absorbed 72.2 % of the Der p 1 solution after 15 minutes and 100 % after 60 minutes. In comparison, the HPMC and agar gel layers both significantly delayed Der p 1 diffu-sion. After 15 minutes 0.76 % had diffused through the HPMC gel layer compared to 28.1 % which diffused through the agar layer. After 360 minutes, 14.1 % of the baseline Der p 1 crossed the HPMC gel layer while 100 % had diffused through the agar layer. Conclusions: HPMC gel significantly reduces Der p 1 diffusion in vitro compared to no barrier and an agar gel layer. This is likely to be due to the small mesh size of the polymer network of HPMC and could have important implications for a preventative treat-ment of allergic rhinitis.
文摘In this paper, mucoadhesive in-situ gel with poloxamer and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose formulations of itraconazole were prepared for vaginal application. In addition, rheological, mechanical and mucoadhesive properties and syringeability of the formulations were characterized. The mixtures of Poloxamer 407 and 188 with two different types of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were used as polymers for gel formulations. Flow rheometry studies and oscillatory analysis of each formulation were performed at 20℃ ± 0.1℃ and 37℃ ± 0.1℃. All formulations exhibited pseudo-plastic flow and typical gel-type mechanical spectra (G′ > G″) after the determined frequency value at 37℃. Texture profile analysis presented that F3 formulation containing 20% poloxamer 407, 10% poloxamer 188 and 0.5% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose appeared to offer more suitable mechanical and mucoadhesive performance. Using different hydroxypropylmethylcellulose type in formulations didn’t significantly change syringeability values. The evaluation of the entire candidate formulations indicated that vaginal formulation of itraconazole will be an alternative for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis with suitable textural and rheological properties. Our results showed that the developed formulations were found worthy of further studies.
