BACKGROUND Whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT)can cause paradoxical herniation is still unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old patient who was comatose due to brain trauma underwent decompressive craniotomy and gradua...BACKGROUND Whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT)can cause paradoxical herniation is still unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old patient who was comatose due to brain trauma underwent decompressive craniotomy and gradually regained consciousness after surgery.HBOT was administered 22 d after surgery due to speech impairment.Paradoxical herniation appeared on the second day after treatment,and the patient’s condition worsened after receiving mannitol treatment at the rehabilitation hospital.After timely skull repair,the paradoxical herniation was resolved,and the patient regained consciousness and had a good recovery as observed at the follow-up visit.CONCLUSION Paradoxical herniation is rare and may be caused by HBOT.However,the underlying mechanism is unknown,and the understanding of this phenomenon is insufficient.The use of mannitol may worsen this condition.Timely skull repair can treat paradoxical herniation and prevent serious complications.展开更多
Objective:To observe the effects of different hyperbaric oxygen treatment time windows on the prognosis and neurological function of acute cerebral infarction.Method:160 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitte...Objective:To observe the effects of different hyperbaric oxygen treatment time windows on the prognosis and neurological function of acute cerebral infarction.Method:160 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to Xiangyang Central Hospital in Hubei Province were randomly divided into four groups,each with 40 cases,using a random number table method.According to the 2017 guidelines for the treatment of cerebral infarction,the control group received routine treatment for acute cerebral infarction;On the basis of the control group,patients in Group A received hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 48 hours of onset;Group B patients receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 3-6 days of onset;Group C patients receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 7-12 days of onset.Observe the efficacy,recurrence,and neurological function recovery of four groups of patients after treatment.Result:There was no statistically significant difference in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)and Barthel Index(BI)scores among the four groups before treatment(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in NIHSS and BI scores between 14 and 30 days after treatment and before treatment(F=16.352,27.261,11.899,28.326,P<0.05).At 14 and 30 days after treatment,the NIHSS score in Group A decreased compared to the control group,Group B,and Group C,while the BI score increased compared to the control group,Group B,and Group C,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in NIHSS and BI scores between Group C and the control group after treatment(P>0.05).After 30 days of treatment,the total effective rate of Group A was higher than that of the control group and Group C,and the difference was statistically significant(X2=6.135,P<0.05).The one-year recurrence rate of Group A and Group B is lower than that of Group C and the control group,and the difference is statistically significant(X2=8.331,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions among the four groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Patients with acute cerebral infarction who receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 48 hours can improve neurological function and reduce the recurrence rate.The efficacy of receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 7-12 days of onset is equivalent to that of not receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy.展开更多
Long COVID symptoms typically occur within 3 months of an initial COVID-19 infection,last for more than 2 months,and cannot be explained by other diagnoses.The most common symptoms include fatigue,dyspnea,coughing,and...Long COVID symptoms typically occur within 3 months of an initial COVID-19 infection,last for more than 2 months,and cannot be explained by other diagnoses.The most common symptoms include fatigue,dyspnea,coughing,and cognitive impairment.The mechanisms of long COVID are not fully understood,but several hypotheses have been put forth.These include coagulation and fibrosis pathway activation,inflammatory and autoimmune manifestations,persistent virus presence,and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.Hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT)is a therapeutic method in which a person inhales 100%oxygen under pressure greater than that of the atmosphere.HBOT has some therapeutic effects,including improvement of microcirculation,inhibition of cytokine release leading to a reduction in inflammatory responses,inhibition of autoimmune responses,and promotion of neurological repair.Several clinical trials have been carried out using HBOT to treat long COVID.The results suggest that HBOT helps to improve symptom severity,reduce symptom duration,and enhance patients’quality of life.It is believed that HBOT is an effective option for patients with long COVID,which is worth actively promoting.展开更多
Surgical treatments of acute myocardial infarction (MI) possess a high clinical effectiveness, but there are fixed limitations, related to the patient’s state, which are limited by medical resources and organizationa...Surgical treatments of acute myocardial infarction (MI) possess a high clinical effectiveness, but there are fixed limitations, related to the patient’s state, which are limited by medical resources and organizational problems. The development of new medical technologies provides a better and effective non-surgical treatment of acute MI and increases long-term prognosis in this category of patients. The study aims to investigate the influence of hyperbaric oxygenation treatment on clinical outcomes (survival rate and recurrent myocardial infarction (rMI)) during the five-year period of monitoring. The study involved 697 patients who suffered from acute MI, having undergone the standard treatment. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (reference, n = 363);Group 2 (test, n = 334). Patients of Group 2 were given the traditional treatment, accompanied with HBOT (isopression for forty minutes at a working pressure of 0.03 MPa). HBOT was applied first through the fifth day following MI. The treatment course included six cycles, once per day. The clinical assessment was focused on clinical outcome: rMI and mortality related to cardiovascular events. HBOT application that accompanied the acute MI with traditional pharmacotherapy has been proved to reduce rMI within five years following inpatient discharge (rMI rate was 14% in the reference group and 5.4% in the test group, χ2 = 13.3, р < 0.05). The combination of HBOT with traditional methods in treating acute MI makes it possible to raise the five-year survival rate from 84.4% up to 95.9%.展开更多
Although hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can promote the recovery of neural function in patients who have suffered traumatic brain injury (TBI), the underlying mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that hyperbaric...Although hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can promote the recovery of neural function in patients who have suffered traumatic brain injury (TBI), the underlying mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that hyperbaric oxygen treatment plays a neuroprotective role in TBI by increasing regional transcranial oxygen saturation (rSO2) and oxygen partial pressure (PaO2). To test this idea, we compared two groups: a control group with 20 healthy people and a treatment group with 40 TBI patients. The 40 patients were given 100% oxygen of HBO for 90 minutes. Changes in rSO2 were measured. The controls were also examined for rSO2 and PaO2, but received no treatment, rSO2 levels in the patients did not differ significantly after treatment, but levels before and after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group. PaO2 levels were significantly decreased after the 30-minute HBO treatment. Our findings suggest that there is a disorder of oxygen metabolism in patients with sub-acute TBI. HBO does not immediately affect cerebral oxygen metabolism, and the underlying mechanism still needs to be studied in depth.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of BMSCs transplantation plus hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)on repair of rat SCI.Methods:Seventy five male rats were divided randomly into five groups:sham,vehicle.BMSCs transplantation gro...Objective:To investigate the effect of BMSCs transplantation plus hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)on repair of rat SCI.Methods:Seventy five male rats were divided randomly into five groups:sham,vehicle.BMSCs transplantation group,combination group,15 rats in each group.Every week after the SCI onset,all animals were evaluated for behavior outcome by Basso-BeattleBresnahan(BBB) score and inclined plane test.Axon recovery was examined with focal spinal cord tissue by electron microscope at 6 weeks after the SCI onset.HE staining and BrdU staining were performed to examine the BMSCs and lesion post injury.Somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) testing was performed to detect the recovery of neural conduction.Results from the behavior tests from combination group were significant higher than rats which received only transplantation or HBO treatment.Results from histopathology showed favorable recovery from combination group than other treatment groups.The number of BrdU+ in combination group were measureable more than transplantation group(P<0.05).The greatest decrease in TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6.IFN-α determined by Elisa assay in combination group were evident too.Conclusions:BMSCs transplantation can promote the functional recovery of rat hind limbs after SCI,and its combination with HBO has a synergistic effect.展开更多
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been widely applied and recognized in the treatment of brain injury; however, the correlation between the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and changes of metabolites in the ...Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been widely applied and recognized in the treatment of brain injury; however, the correlation between the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and changes of metabolites in the brain remains unclear. To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of hy- perbaric oxygen therapy on cognitive functioning in rats, we established traumatic brain injury models using Feeney's free falling method. We treated rat models with hyperbaric oxygen therapy at 0.2 MPa for 60 minutes per day. The Morris water maze test for spatial navigation showed that the average escape latency was significantly prolonged and cognitive function decreased in rats with brain injury. After treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy for 1 and 2 weeks, the rats' spatial learning and memory abilities were improved. Hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis showed that the N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio in the hippocampal CA3 region was sig- nificantly increased at 1 week, and the N-acetylaspartate/choline ratio was significantly increased at 2 weeks after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of nerve cells and Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region was significantly increased, and glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells were decreased after a 2-week hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment. Our findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly im- proves cognitive functioning in rats with traumatic brain injury, and the potential mechanism is me- diated by metabolic changes and nerve cell restoration in the hippocampal CA3 region.展开更多
Changes of plasma C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury before and after hyperbaric oxygenation: A randomly controlled study BACKGROUND: Plasma inflammatory factor, such as C-reactive prot...Changes of plasma C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury before and after hyperbaric oxygenation: A randomly controlled study BACKGROUND: Plasma inflammatory factor, such as C-reactive protein, whose content is regarded as a sensitively pathological marked protein and quantitative indexes of central nervous system injury, has been paid more and more attention in clinic. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects and clinical significance of C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury after hyperbaric oxygenation. DESIGN: Randomized controlled study. SETTING: Departments of Neurosurgery, Laboratory and Hyperbaric Oxygen, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 60 patients with craniocerebral injury were selected from Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University from October 2006 to April 2007. There were 37 males and 23 females and the mean age was 26 years. All subjects were certainly diagnosed as history of craniocerebral injury. Patients hospitalized at 24 hours after injury, Glasgow Coma Score ranged from 3 to 12 points, and all patients were certainly diagnosed with CT or MR scanning. Patients and their relatives provided confirmed consent. All the subjects were randomly divided into hyperbaric oxygenation group and control group with 30 in each group. METHODS: Patients in the control group were treated with routinely neurosurgical therapy after hospitalization; however, based the same basic treatment in the control group, patients in the hyperbaric oxygenation group received hyperbaric oxygenation by using iced-wheel four-door 2-cabin air-compression chamber (made in Yantai) from 24 hours to 10 days after operation or injury. After entering the cabin, patients who had a clear consciousness breathed the oxygen by using face mask; contrarily, patients directly breathed the oxygen. Therapeutic project: Expression was increased for about 15–20 minutes, maintained for about 70–80 minutes, and decreased for 20 minutes. Otherwise, pressure was maintained from 0.2 to 0.25 MPa. Hyperbaric oxygenation took an hour for once a day and 10 times were regarded as a course. Venous blood was collected before treatment and on the next day of the first course end. Content of C-reactive protein in plasma was measured with immune turbidimetry in hyperbaric oxygenation group; in addition, content of C-reactive protein in plasma was directly measured with the same method at the corresponding time in the control group. If the content was less or equal to 8 mg/L, it was regarded as normal value. Effects of the two groups were evaluated based on Glasgow Coma Score before and after treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Content of plasma C-reactive protein and Glasgow Coma Score in the two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS: All 60 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Content of plasma C-reactive protein: The two contents were obviously higher than normal value after craniocerebral injury. There was no significant difference in the two groups before treatment (P 〉 0.05), but both contents were decreased after treatment, and there was significant difference between HBOT group and control group after treatment (t =4.756, P 〈 0.01). In addition, there was significant difference in hyperbaric oxygen therapy group before and after treatment (t =5.236, P 〈 0.01). ② Glasgow Coma Score: There was no significant difference in the two groups before treatment (P 〉 0.05), but scores were increased in both groups after treatment (t =9.92, 2.51, P 〈 0.01, 0.05); on the other hand, therefore, there was significant difference between the two groupsafter treatment (t =9.21, P 〈 0.01). CONCLUSION: Hyperbaric oxygenation can remarkably decrease content of plasma C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury at the phase of stress.展开更多
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage has been used clinically for many years, but its effectiveness remains controversial. In addition, the mechanism of this potential ...Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage has been used clinically for many years, but its effectiveness remains controversial. In addition, the mechanism of this potential neuroprotective effect remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the influence of hyperbaric oxygen on the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (7 days old) subjected to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Six hours after modeling, rats were treated with hyperbaric oxygen once daily for 7 days. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine positive and nestin positive cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats increased at day 3 after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and peaked at day 5. After hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the number of 5-bromo-2'- deoxyuddine positive and nestin positive cells began to increase at day 1, and was significantly higher than that in normal rats and model rats until day 21. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that hyperbaric oxygen treatment could attenuate pathological changes to brain tissue in neonatal rats, and reduce the number of degenerating and necrotic nerve cells. Our experimental findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen treatment enhances the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, and has therapeutic potential for promoting neurological recovery following brain injury.展开更多
In the present study, rabbits were treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 1 hour after detonator-blastinduced craniocerebral injury. Immunohistochemistry showed significantly reduced aquaporin 4 expression and adrenocorti...In the present study, rabbits were treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 1 hour after detonator-blastinduced craniocerebral injury. Immunohistochemistry showed significantly reduced aquaporin 4 expression and adrenocorticotropic hormone expression in the pituitary gland of rabbits with craniocerebral injury. Aquaporin 4 expression was positively correlated with adrenocorticotropic hormone expression. These findings indicate that early hyperbaric oxygen therapy may suppress adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by inhibiting aquaporin 4 expression.展开更多
Clinical studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves motor function in patients with spinal cord injury. In the present study, we explored the mechanisms associated with the recovery of neurological fun...Clinical studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves motor function in patients with spinal cord injury. In the present study, we explored the mechanisms associated with the recovery of neurological function after hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a rat model of spinal cord injury. We established an acute spinal cord injury model using a modification of the free-falling object method, and treated the animals with oxygen at 0.2 MPa for 45 minutes, 4 hours after injury. The treatment was administered four times per day, for 3 days. Compared with model rats that did not receive the treatment, rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen had fewer apoptotic cells in spinal cord tissue, lower expression levels of aquaporin 4/9 mRNA and protein, and more NF-200 positive nerve fibers. Furthermore, they had smaller spinal cord cavities, rapid recovery of somatosensory and motor evoked potentials, and notably better recovery of hindlimb motor function than model rats. Our findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces apoptosis, downregulates aquaporin 4/9 mRNA and protein expression in injured spinal cord tissue, improves the local microenvironment for nerve regeneration, and protects and repairs the spinal cord after injury.展开更多
Objective Hyperbaric oxygen treatment(HBOT)has demonstrated efficacy in improving hearing levels of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(ISSHL);however,the underlying mechanisms are not well unde...Objective Hyperbaric oxygen treatment(HBOT)has demonstrated efficacy in improving hearing levels of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(ISSHL);however,the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.HBOT alleviates the inflammatory response,which is mediated by Toll-like receptor(TLR)4 and nuclear factor(NF)-κB.In this study we investigated whether HBOT attenuates inflammation in ISHHL patients via alteration of TLR4 and NF-κB expression.Methods ISHHL patients(n=120)and healthy control subjects(n=20)were enrolled in this study.Patients were randomly divided into medicine group treated with medicine only(n=60)and HBO group receiving both HBOT and medicine(n=60).Audiometric testing was performed pre-and posttreatment.TLR4,NF-кB,and TNF-αexpression in peripheral blood of ISSHL patients and healthy control subjects was assessed by ELISA before and after treatment.Results TLR4,NF-κB,and TNF-αlevels were upregulated in ISSHL patients relative to healthy control subjects;the levels were decreased following treatment and were lower in the HBO group than that in the medicine group post-treatment(P<0.05 and P<0.01).Conclusion HBOT alleviates hearing loss in ISSHL patients by suppressing the inflammatory response induced by TLR4 and NF-κB signaling.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)is an effective adjuvant therapy for ischemiareperfusion(I/R)injury of the brain,small intestine and testis in addition to crushing injury.Studies have shown that HBO increases the act...BACKGROUND:Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)is an effective adjuvant therapy for ischemiareperfusion(I/R)injury of the brain,small intestine and testis in addition to crushing injury.Studies have shown that HBO increases the activity of villi of the ileum 30 minutes after I/R injury.The present study aimed to observe the effect of HBO on apoptosis of epithelial cells in the small intestine during different periods of I/R and to elucidate the potential mechanisms.METHODS:Rats were subjected to 60-minute ischemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery and 60-minute reperfusion by removal of clamping.The rats were randomly divided into four groups:I/R group,HBO precondition or HBO treatment before ischemia(HBO-P),HBO treatment during ischemia period(HBO-I),and HBO treatment during reperfusion(HBO-R).After 60-minute reperfusion,samples of the small intestine were prepared to measure the level of ATP by using the colorimetric method and immunochemical expression of caspase-3.The levels of TNF-αin intestinal tissue were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method(Elisa).RESULTS:TNF-αlevels were significantly lower in the HBO-I group than in the HBO-P(P<0.05),HBO-R and I/R groups;there was no significant difference between the HBO-R and I/R groups(P>0.05).The expression of caspas-3 was significantly lower in the HBO-I group than in the HBO-P group(P<0.05);it was also significantly lower in the HBO-P group than in the I/R and HBO-R groups(P<0.05).ATP level was significantly lower in the HBO-I group than in the HBO-P group(P<0.05),and also it was significantly lower in the HBO-P group than in the I/R and HBO-R groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:There is an association between HBO,small intestinal I/R injury,and mucosa apoptosis.HBO maintains ATP and aerobic metabolism,inhibites TNF-αproduction,and thus prevents intestinal mucosa from apoptosis.Best results can be obtained when HBO is administered to patients in the period of ischemia,and no side effects are produced when HBO is given during the Period of Reperfusion.展开更多
Radiotherapy(RT)is the backbone of multimodality treatment of more than half of cancer cases.Despite new modern RT techniques,late complications may occur such as radiation proctitis(RP).The natural history of RP is u...Radiotherapy(RT)is the backbone of multimodality treatment of more than half of cancer cases.Despite new modern RT techniques,late complications may occur such as radiation proctitis(RP).The natural history of RP is unpredictable.Minor symptoms may resolve spontaneously or require conservative treatment.On the other hand,for similar and uncomplicated clinical contexts,symptoms may persist and can even be refractory to the progressive increase in treatment measures.Over the last decades,an enormous therapeutic armamentarium has been considered in RP,including hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT).Currently,the evidence regarding the impact of HBOT on RP and its benefits is conflicting.Additional prospective and randomised studies are necessary to validate HBOT’s effectiveness in the‘real world’clinical practice.This article reviewed the relevant literature on pathophysiology,clinical presentation,different classifications and discuss RP management including a proposal for a therapeutic algorithm with a focus on HBOT.展开更多
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a crucial public health issue that has been increasingly studied in efforts to reduce symptoms or prevent its occurrence. However, effective advances remain lacking. Hyperbaric o...Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a crucial public health issue that has been increasingly studied in efforts to reduce symptoms or prevent its occurrence. However, effective advances remain lacking. Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning has proved to protect vital organs, such as the heart, liver, and brain. Recently, it has been introduced and widely studied in the prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, with promising results. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain controversial. This review summarizes and highlights the definition and application of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning, the perniciousness and pathogenetic mechanism underlying postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and the effects that hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning has on postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Finally, we conclude that hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning is an effective and feasible method to prevent, alleviate, and improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and that its mechanism of action is very complex, involving the stimulation of endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammation defense systems.展开更多
BACKGROUND: There is a growing research focus on the combination of blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate visual cortic...BACKGROUND: There is a growing research focus on the combination of blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate visual cortical function and structural changes in the cerebrum, as well as morphological changes to the white matter fiber tracks, after visual pathway lesions. However, the combined application of BOLD-fMRI and DTI in treating of visual pathway abnormalities still requires further studies. OBJECTIVE: To observe and evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on visual pathway abnormalities, and to evaluate the characteristics of cerebral function and anatomic structural changes by using BOLD-fMRI combined with DTI technique. DESIGN: Case contrast observation. SETTING: Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen patients (9 males and 7 females, 15-77 years old) with lateral or bilateral visual disorder induced by visual pathway lesions were selected from the Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2006 to May 2007. These patients comprised the lesion group. Measures of interventional therapy: hyperbaric oxygen of two normal atmospheres for three courses (10 d/course) and routine internal medicine treatment. In addition, 12 healthy subjects of similar sex and age to the lesion group were regarded as the control group. The control group underwent routine ophthalmological and ocular fundus examinations; diagnostic results were normal. The experiment received confirmed consent from the local ethic committee, and all patients provided informed consent. METHODS: BOLD-fMRI and DTI manifestations in the lesion group were observed before and after hyperbaric oxygen intervention, and the results were compared with the control group. The subjects were positioned on their back, and BOLD-fMRI images were collected with the following GRE EPI sequence: TR = 2 000 ms, TE = 40 ms, layer thickness = 5 mm, and 20-layer successive scanning to cover the whole brain. While, DTI images were collected with SE EPI sequence of single excitation: TR=10 000 ms, TE = 112 ms, layer thickness = 4 mm, layer spacing = 0.5 mm, and a 30-layer successive scanning, matrix = 128×128. A diffusion gradient was applied at 13 directions, and one layer without diffusion weighted imaging was collected at b =1 000 s/mm^2. Numbers of activated voxels in cortical-activated regions, and fractional anisotropy in bilateral cerebral optical radiation regions, were calculated. Displacement, continuity, and destruction of fibrous tracts were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of BOLD-fMRI and DTI examinations. RESULTS: All 16 patients and 12 controls were included in the final analysis. ① Numbers of activated voxels through the use of BOLD-fMRI: prior to hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the number of activated voxels in the bilateral cortex of occipital lobe were significantly less in the lesion group than in the control group (t =3.23, P 〈 0.01). In addition, the number of activated voxels significantly increased after treatment compared to before treatment (t = 2.46, P 〈 0.05). ② Fractional anisotropy in optical radiation regions of bilateral cerebrum: fractional anisotropy in the lesion group was significantly less than the control group (t =2.89, P 〈 0.05). In addition, fractional anisotropy after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment (t = 2.48, P 〈 0.05). Moreover, fractional anisotropy of optical neuropathy was significantly higher in 6 patients in the lesion group than the occipital lobe optical central lesion (t = 2.35, P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: BOLD-fMRI combined with DTI can indicate the occurrence, development, and therapeutic course of action for optical pathway lesions. The results acquired from these methods can provide information for function and structure, which can provide reliable verification in the treatment of cerebral function.展开更多
Transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) for repair of traumatic brain injury has been used in the clinic. Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) treatment has long been widely used as an adjuncti...Transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) for repair of traumatic brain injury has been used in the clinic. Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) treatment has long been widely used as an adjunctive therapy for treating traumatic brain injury. UC-MSC transplantation combined with HBO treatment is expected to yield better therapeutic effects on traumatic brain injury. In this study, we established rat models of severe traumatic brain injury by pressurized fluid(2.5–3.0 atm impact force). The injured rats were then administered UC-MSC transplantation via the tail vein in combination with HBO treatment. Compared with monotherapy, aquaporin 4 expression decreased in the injured rat brain, but growth-associated protein-43 expression, calaxon-like structures, and CM-Dil-positive cell number increased. Following combination therapy, however, rat cognitive and neurological function significantly improved. UC-MSC transplantation combined with HBO therapyfor repair of traumatic brain injury shows better therapeutic effects than monotherapy and significantly promotes recovery of neurological functions.展开更多
Schwann cell transplantation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy each promote recovery from spinal cord injury, but it remains unclear whether their combination improves therapeutic results more than monotherapy. To investi...Schwann cell transplantation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy each promote recovery from spinal cord injury, but it remains unclear whether their combination improves therapeutic results more than monotherapy. To investigate this, we used Schwann cell transplantation via the tail vein, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or their combination, in rat models of spinal cord contusion injury. The combined treatment was more effective in improving hindlimb motor function than either treatment alone; injured spinal tissue showed a greater number of neurite-like structures in the injured spinal tissue, somatosensory and motor evoked potential latencies were notably shorter, and their amplitudes greater, after combination therapy than after monotherapy. These findings indicate that Schwann cell transplantation combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy is more effective than either treatment alone in promoting the recovery of spinal cord in rats after injury.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the role of growth hormone(GH),hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT) and combined therapy on the intestinal neomucosa formation of the gastric serosa.METHODS:Forty-eight male Wistar-albino rats,weighing 2...AIM:To investigate the role of growth hormone(GH),hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT) and combined therapy on the intestinal neomucosa formation of the gastric serosa.METHODS:Forty-eight male Wistar-albino rats,weighing 250-280 g,were used in this study.The rats were divided into four groups(n = 12):Group 1,control,gastric serosal patch;Group 2,gastric serosal patch + GH;Group 3,gastric serosal patch + HBOT;and Group 4,gastric serosal patch + GH + HBOT.Abdominal access was achieved through a midline incision,and after the 1-cm-long defect was created in the jejunum,a 1 cm × 1 cm patch of the gastric corpus was anastomosed to the jejunal defect.Venous blood samples were taken to determine the insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3(IGFBP-3) basal levels.HBOT was performed in Groups 3 and 4.In Groups 2 and 4,human GH was given subcutaneously at a dose of 2 mg per kg/d for 28 d,beginning on the operation day.All animals were sacrificed 60 d after surgery.The jejunal segment and the gastric anastomotic area were excised for histological examination.The inflammatory process,granulation,collagen deposition and fibroblast activity at the neomucosa formation were studied and scored.Additionally,the villus density,villus height,and crypt depth were counted and recorded.The measurements of villus height and crypt depth were calculated with an ocular micrometer.New vessel growth was determined by calculatingeach new vessel in a 1 mm 2 area.RESULTS:In the histological comparison of groups,no significant differences were observed between the control group and Groups 2 and 3 with respect to epithelialization,granulation,fibroblastic activity and the inflammatory process,but significant differences were present between the control group and all others groups(Groups 2-4) with respect to angiogenesis(P < 0.01) and collagen deposition(P < 0.05,P < 0.01).Significant differences between the control group and Group 4 were also observed with respect to epithelialization and fibroblastic activity(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05,respectively).There were significant differences in villus density in all of groups compared with the control group(P < 0.05).Crypt depth was significantly greater in Group 4 than in the control group(P < 0.05),but no other groups had deeper crypts.However,villus height was significantly longer in Groups 2 and 4 than in the control group(P < 0.05).The comparison of groups revealed,significant difference between control group and Groups 2 and 4) with respect to the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3(P < 0.01) 3 wk after the operation.CONCLUSION:HBOT or GH and combined therapy augmented on neomucosal formation.The use of combined therapy produced a synergistic effect on the histological,morphological and functional parameters.展开更多
It has been reported that early intervention of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) can promote the intellectual rehabilitation of infants with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and can prevent mental retardation r...It has been reported that early intervention of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) can promote the intellectual rehabilitation of infants with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and can prevent mental retardation recently. However, the prior observations on the therapeutic effect almost were short-term. How about the observations on prospective efficacy and the following up on systematic intelligence test? OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short-term and long-term effects of HBO therapy on the promotion of the intellectual rehabilitation in infants with severe HIE. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-seven infants with severe HIE (35 males and 12 females) were treated with HBO in the Department of Pediatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Qingdao University from October 1996 to July 1999. All of them were consistent with the diagnostic criteria and clinical grading on severe HIE which were designed by Chinese Medical Association pediatrics committee neonate group in Hangzhou, October, 1996. Informed contents were obtained from the relatives of all the infants. METHODS: ① Grouping: The infants were randomly divided into two groups according to the order of admission, those of odd numbers were HBO group (n =24) and those of even numbers were control group (n =23). All the infants were treated with routine therapy for 3 months, in addition to HBO therapy in the HBO group, once a day for 4 courses of l0 days with the interval of l0 - 15 days since 8 to l0 days after birth. HBO chamber produced by the 701 Institute of China Ship Industry Company was used, and the therapy pressure was 0.14- 0.16 MPa, and the time of compression and decompression were both 15 minutes while voltage-stabilizing was 30 minutes. ② In order to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of HBO on intellectual rehabilitation in infants with HIE, neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was employed at 7 and 28 days after birth, and Bayley scale of infant development (BSID) was got at two years old in both groups, as well as Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence (WPPSI) at five years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of short-term and long-term intelligence between the two groups. RESULTS: ① Results of NBNA: The NBNA score at 28 days was significantly higher in the HBO group than in the control group (P 〈 0.01). ② Results of BSID: The score of mental development index (MDI) of BSID at two years old in the HBO group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 〈 0.05). ③ Results of WPPSI: The score of full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) and verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) of WPPSI in the HBO group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P 〈 0.05). In addition, the rate of mental retardation in the HBO group was significantly lower than that in the control group [12.5% (3/24), 39.1%(9/23), P 〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION: Not only the short-term intellectual rehabilitation but also the long-term one in infants with severe HIE could be promoted by HBO therapy, which might be benefit to the prevention of mental retardation.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT)can cause paradoxical herniation is still unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old patient who was comatose due to brain trauma underwent decompressive craniotomy and gradually regained consciousness after surgery.HBOT was administered 22 d after surgery due to speech impairment.Paradoxical herniation appeared on the second day after treatment,and the patient’s condition worsened after receiving mannitol treatment at the rehabilitation hospital.After timely skull repair,the paradoxical herniation was resolved,and the patient regained consciousness and had a good recovery as observed at the follow-up visit.CONCLUSION Paradoxical herniation is rare and may be caused by HBOT.However,the underlying mechanism is unknown,and the understanding of this phenomenon is insufficient.The use of mannitol may worsen this condition.Timely skull repair can treat paradoxical herniation and prevent serious complications.
文摘Objective:To observe the effects of different hyperbaric oxygen treatment time windows on the prognosis and neurological function of acute cerebral infarction.Method:160 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to Xiangyang Central Hospital in Hubei Province were randomly divided into four groups,each with 40 cases,using a random number table method.According to the 2017 guidelines for the treatment of cerebral infarction,the control group received routine treatment for acute cerebral infarction;On the basis of the control group,patients in Group A received hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 48 hours of onset;Group B patients receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 3-6 days of onset;Group C patients receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 7-12 days of onset.Observe the efficacy,recurrence,and neurological function recovery of four groups of patients after treatment.Result:There was no statistically significant difference in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)and Barthel Index(BI)scores among the four groups before treatment(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in NIHSS and BI scores between 14 and 30 days after treatment and before treatment(F=16.352,27.261,11.899,28.326,P<0.05).At 14 and 30 days after treatment,the NIHSS score in Group A decreased compared to the control group,Group B,and Group C,while the BI score increased compared to the control group,Group B,and Group C,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in NIHSS and BI scores between Group C and the control group after treatment(P>0.05).After 30 days of treatment,the total effective rate of Group A was higher than that of the control group and Group C,and the difference was statistically significant(X2=6.135,P<0.05).The one-year recurrence rate of Group A and Group B is lower than that of Group C and the control group,and the difference is statistically significant(X2=8.331,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions among the four groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Patients with acute cerebral infarction who receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 48 hours can improve neurological function and reduce the recurrence rate.The efficacy of receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 7-12 days of onset is equivalent to that of not receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
文摘Long COVID symptoms typically occur within 3 months of an initial COVID-19 infection,last for more than 2 months,and cannot be explained by other diagnoses.The most common symptoms include fatigue,dyspnea,coughing,and cognitive impairment.The mechanisms of long COVID are not fully understood,but several hypotheses have been put forth.These include coagulation and fibrosis pathway activation,inflammatory and autoimmune manifestations,persistent virus presence,and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.Hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT)is a therapeutic method in which a person inhales 100%oxygen under pressure greater than that of the atmosphere.HBOT has some therapeutic effects,including improvement of microcirculation,inhibition of cytokine release leading to a reduction in inflammatory responses,inhibition of autoimmune responses,and promotion of neurological repair.Several clinical trials have been carried out using HBOT to treat long COVID.The results suggest that HBOT helps to improve symptom severity,reduce symptom duration,and enhance patients’quality of life.It is believed that HBOT is an effective option for patients with long COVID,which is worth actively promoting.
文摘Surgical treatments of acute myocardial infarction (MI) possess a high clinical effectiveness, but there are fixed limitations, related to the patient’s state, which are limited by medical resources and organizational problems. The development of new medical technologies provides a better and effective non-surgical treatment of acute MI and increases long-term prognosis in this category of patients. The study aims to investigate the influence of hyperbaric oxygenation treatment on clinical outcomes (survival rate and recurrent myocardial infarction (rMI)) during the five-year period of monitoring. The study involved 697 patients who suffered from acute MI, having undergone the standard treatment. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (reference, n = 363);Group 2 (test, n = 334). Patients of Group 2 were given the traditional treatment, accompanied with HBOT (isopression for forty minutes at a working pressure of 0.03 MPa). HBOT was applied first through the fifth day following MI. The treatment course included six cycles, once per day. The clinical assessment was focused on clinical outcome: rMI and mortality related to cardiovascular events. HBOT application that accompanied the acute MI with traditional pharmacotherapy has been proved to reduce rMI within five years following inpatient discharge (rMI rate was 14% in the reference group and 5.4% in the test group, χ2 = 13.3, р < 0.05). The combination of HBOT with traditional methods in treating acute MI makes it possible to raise the five-year survival rate from 84.4% up to 95.9%.
基金supported by a grant from Suzhou Key Medicine Project Fund of China,No.Szxk201504
文摘Although hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy can promote the recovery of neural function in patients who have suffered traumatic brain injury (TBI), the underlying mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that hyperbaric oxygen treatment plays a neuroprotective role in TBI by increasing regional transcranial oxygen saturation (rSO2) and oxygen partial pressure (PaO2). To test this idea, we compared two groups: a control group with 20 healthy people and a treatment group with 40 TBI patients. The 40 patients were given 100% oxygen of HBO for 90 minutes. Changes in rSO2 were measured. The controls were also examined for rSO2 and PaO2, but received no treatment, rSO2 levels in the patients did not differ significantly after treatment, but levels before and after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group. PaO2 levels were significantly decreased after the 30-minute HBO treatment. Our findings suggest that there is a disorder of oxygen metabolism in patients with sub-acute TBI. HBO does not immediately affect cerebral oxygen metabolism, and the underlying mechanism still needs to be studied in depth.
基金supported by a grant from Yun Nan province united foundation(2008CD006)Yun Nan province education department foundation(2011y184)
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of BMSCs transplantation plus hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)on repair of rat SCI.Methods:Seventy five male rats were divided randomly into five groups:sham,vehicle.BMSCs transplantation group,combination group,15 rats in each group.Every week after the SCI onset,all animals were evaluated for behavior outcome by Basso-BeattleBresnahan(BBB) score and inclined plane test.Axon recovery was examined with focal spinal cord tissue by electron microscope at 6 weeks after the SCI onset.HE staining and BrdU staining were performed to examine the BMSCs and lesion post injury.Somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) testing was performed to detect the recovery of neural conduction.Results from the behavior tests from combination group were significant higher than rats which received only transplantation or HBO treatment.Results from histopathology showed favorable recovery from combination group than other treatment groups.The number of BrdU+ in combination group were measureable more than transplantation group(P<0.05).The greatest decrease in TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6.IFN-α determined by Elisa assay in combination group were evident too.Conclusions:BMSCs transplantation can promote the functional recovery of rat hind limbs after SCI,and its combination with HBO has a synergistic effect.
文摘Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been widely applied and recognized in the treatment of brain injury; however, the correlation between the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and changes of metabolites in the brain remains unclear. To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of hy- perbaric oxygen therapy on cognitive functioning in rats, we established traumatic brain injury models using Feeney's free falling method. We treated rat models with hyperbaric oxygen therapy at 0.2 MPa for 60 minutes per day. The Morris water maze test for spatial navigation showed that the average escape latency was significantly prolonged and cognitive function decreased in rats with brain injury. After treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy for 1 and 2 weeks, the rats' spatial learning and memory abilities were improved. Hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis showed that the N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio in the hippocampal CA3 region was sig- nificantly increased at 1 week, and the N-acetylaspartate/choline ratio was significantly increased at 2 weeks after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of nerve cells and Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region was significantly increased, and glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells were decreased after a 2-week hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment. Our findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly im- proves cognitive functioning in rats with traumatic brain injury, and the potential mechanism is me- diated by metabolic changes and nerve cell restoration in the hippocampal CA3 region.
文摘Changes of plasma C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury before and after hyperbaric oxygenation: A randomly controlled study BACKGROUND: Plasma inflammatory factor, such as C-reactive protein, whose content is regarded as a sensitively pathological marked protein and quantitative indexes of central nervous system injury, has been paid more and more attention in clinic. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects and clinical significance of C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury after hyperbaric oxygenation. DESIGN: Randomized controlled study. SETTING: Departments of Neurosurgery, Laboratory and Hyperbaric Oxygen, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 60 patients with craniocerebral injury were selected from Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University from October 2006 to April 2007. There were 37 males and 23 females and the mean age was 26 years. All subjects were certainly diagnosed as history of craniocerebral injury. Patients hospitalized at 24 hours after injury, Glasgow Coma Score ranged from 3 to 12 points, and all patients were certainly diagnosed with CT or MR scanning. Patients and their relatives provided confirmed consent. All the subjects were randomly divided into hyperbaric oxygenation group and control group with 30 in each group. METHODS: Patients in the control group were treated with routinely neurosurgical therapy after hospitalization; however, based the same basic treatment in the control group, patients in the hyperbaric oxygenation group received hyperbaric oxygenation by using iced-wheel four-door 2-cabin air-compression chamber (made in Yantai) from 24 hours to 10 days after operation or injury. After entering the cabin, patients who had a clear consciousness breathed the oxygen by using face mask; contrarily, patients directly breathed the oxygen. Therapeutic project: Expression was increased for about 15–20 minutes, maintained for about 70–80 minutes, and decreased for 20 minutes. Otherwise, pressure was maintained from 0.2 to 0.25 MPa. Hyperbaric oxygenation took an hour for once a day and 10 times were regarded as a course. Venous blood was collected before treatment and on the next day of the first course end. Content of C-reactive protein in plasma was measured with immune turbidimetry in hyperbaric oxygenation group; in addition, content of C-reactive protein in plasma was directly measured with the same method at the corresponding time in the control group. If the content was less or equal to 8 mg/L, it was regarded as normal value. Effects of the two groups were evaluated based on Glasgow Coma Score before and after treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Content of plasma C-reactive protein and Glasgow Coma Score in the two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS: All 60 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Content of plasma C-reactive protein: The two contents were obviously higher than normal value after craniocerebral injury. There was no significant difference in the two groups before treatment (P 〉 0.05), but both contents were decreased after treatment, and there was significant difference between HBOT group and control group after treatment (t =4.756, P 〈 0.01). In addition, there was significant difference in hyperbaric oxygen therapy group before and after treatment (t =5.236, P 〈 0.01). ② Glasgow Coma Score: There was no significant difference in the two groups before treatment (P 〉 0.05), but scores were increased in both groups after treatment (t =9.92, 2.51, P 〈 0.01, 0.05); on the other hand, therefore, there was significant difference between the two groupsafter treatment (t =9.21, P 〈 0.01). CONCLUSION: Hyperbaric oxygenation can remarkably decrease content of plasma C-reactive protein in patients with craniocerebral injury at the phase of stress.
基金supported by Guangdong Province Science Research Project,No.B30502
文摘Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage has been used clinically for many years, but its effectiveness remains controversial. In addition, the mechanism of this potential neuroprotective effect remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the influence of hyperbaric oxygen on the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (7 days old) subjected to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Six hours after modeling, rats were treated with hyperbaric oxygen once daily for 7 days. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine positive and nestin positive cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats increased at day 3 after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and peaked at day 5. After hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the number of 5-bromo-2'- deoxyuddine positive and nestin positive cells began to increase at day 1, and was significantly higher than that in normal rats and model rats until day 21. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that hyperbaric oxygen treatment could attenuate pathological changes to brain tissue in neonatal rats, and reduce the number of degenerating and necrotic nerve cells. Our experimental findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen treatment enhances the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, and has therapeutic potential for promoting neurological recovery following brain injury.
基金supported by the Eleventh-Five Major Subjects of Nanjing Military Area Command,No.06Z19the Military Medical Science and Technology Innovation Foundation in 2009,No.09Z009
文摘In the present study, rabbits were treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 1 hour after detonator-blastinduced craniocerebral injury. Immunohistochemistry showed significantly reduced aquaporin 4 expression and adrenocorticotropic hormone expression in the pituitary gland of rabbits with craniocerebral injury. Aquaporin 4 expression was positively correlated with adrenocorticotropic hormone expression. These findings indicate that early hyperbaric oxygen therapy may suppress adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by inhibiting aquaporin 4 expression.
基金financially supported by grants from the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province in China,No.20110492
文摘Clinical studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves motor function in patients with spinal cord injury. In the present study, we explored the mechanisms associated with the recovery of neurological function after hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a rat model of spinal cord injury. We established an acute spinal cord injury model using a modification of the free-falling object method, and treated the animals with oxygen at 0.2 MPa for 45 minutes, 4 hours after injury. The treatment was administered four times per day, for 3 days. Compared with model rats that did not receive the treatment, rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen had fewer apoptotic cells in spinal cord tissue, lower expression levels of aquaporin 4/9 mRNA and protein, and more NF-200 positive nerve fibers. Furthermore, they had smaller spinal cord cavities, rapid recovery of somatosensory and motor evoked potentials, and notably better recovery of hindlimb motor function than model rats. Our findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces apoptosis, downregulates aquaporin 4/9 mRNA and protein expression in injured spinal cord tissue, improves the local microenvironment for nerve regeneration, and protects and repairs the spinal cord after injury.
基金supported by Beijing Science and Technology Special Fund[grants number 2161100000116067]。
文摘Objective Hyperbaric oxygen treatment(HBOT)has demonstrated efficacy in improving hearing levels of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(ISSHL);however,the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.HBOT alleviates the inflammatory response,which is mediated by Toll-like receptor(TLR)4 and nuclear factor(NF)-κB.In this study we investigated whether HBOT attenuates inflammation in ISHHL patients via alteration of TLR4 and NF-κB expression.Methods ISHHL patients(n=120)and healthy control subjects(n=20)were enrolled in this study.Patients were randomly divided into medicine group treated with medicine only(n=60)and HBO group receiving both HBOT and medicine(n=60).Audiometric testing was performed pre-and posttreatment.TLR4,NF-кB,and TNF-αexpression in peripheral blood of ISSHL patients and healthy control subjects was assessed by ELISA before and after treatment.Results TLR4,NF-κB,and TNF-αlevels were upregulated in ISSHL patients relative to healthy control subjects;the levels were decreased following treatment and were lower in the HBO group than that in the medicine group post-treatment(P<0.05 and P<0.01).Conclusion HBOT alleviates hearing loss in ISSHL patients by suppressing the inflammatory response induced by TLR4 and NF-κB signaling.
文摘BACKGROUND:Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)is an effective adjuvant therapy for ischemiareperfusion(I/R)injury of the brain,small intestine and testis in addition to crushing injury.Studies have shown that HBO increases the activity of villi of the ileum 30 minutes after I/R injury.The present study aimed to observe the effect of HBO on apoptosis of epithelial cells in the small intestine during different periods of I/R and to elucidate the potential mechanisms.METHODS:Rats were subjected to 60-minute ischemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery and 60-minute reperfusion by removal of clamping.The rats were randomly divided into four groups:I/R group,HBO precondition or HBO treatment before ischemia(HBO-P),HBO treatment during ischemia period(HBO-I),and HBO treatment during reperfusion(HBO-R).After 60-minute reperfusion,samples of the small intestine were prepared to measure the level of ATP by using the colorimetric method and immunochemical expression of caspase-3.The levels of TNF-αin intestinal tissue were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method(Elisa).RESULTS:TNF-αlevels were significantly lower in the HBO-I group than in the HBO-P(P<0.05),HBO-R and I/R groups;there was no significant difference between the HBO-R and I/R groups(P>0.05).The expression of caspas-3 was significantly lower in the HBO-I group than in the HBO-P group(P<0.05);it was also significantly lower in the HBO-P group than in the I/R and HBO-R groups(P<0.05).ATP level was significantly lower in the HBO-I group than in the HBO-P group(P<0.05),and also it was significantly lower in the HBO-P group than in the I/R and HBO-R groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:There is an association between HBO,small intestinal I/R injury,and mucosa apoptosis.HBO maintains ATP and aerobic metabolism,inhibites TNF-αproduction,and thus prevents intestinal mucosa from apoptosis.Best results can be obtained when HBO is administered to patients in the period of ischemia,and no side effects are produced when HBO is given during the Period of Reperfusion.
文摘Radiotherapy(RT)is the backbone of multimodality treatment of more than half of cancer cases.Despite new modern RT techniques,late complications may occur such as radiation proctitis(RP).The natural history of RP is unpredictable.Minor symptoms may resolve spontaneously or require conservative treatment.On the other hand,for similar and uncomplicated clinical contexts,symptoms may persist and can even be refractory to the progressive increase in treatment measures.Over the last decades,an enormous therapeutic armamentarium has been considered in RP,including hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT).Currently,the evidence regarding the impact of HBOT on RP and its benefits is conflicting.Additional prospective and randomised studies are necessary to validate HBOT’s effectiveness in the‘real world’clinical practice.This article reviewed the relevant literature on pathophysiology,clinical presentation,different classifications and discuss RP management including a proposal for a therapeutic algorithm with a focus on HBOT.
基金supported by the Special Research Foundation of Doctoral Course in Colleges and Universities of China in 2013,No.20133420110009
文摘Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a crucial public health issue that has been increasingly studied in efforts to reduce symptoms or prevent its occurrence. However, effective advances remain lacking. Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning has proved to protect vital organs, such as the heart, liver, and brain. Recently, it has been introduced and widely studied in the prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, with promising results. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain controversial. This review summarizes and highlights the definition and application of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning, the perniciousness and pathogenetic mechanism underlying postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and the effects that hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning has on postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Finally, we conclude that hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning is an effective and feasible method to prevent, alleviate, and improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and that its mechanism of action is very complex, involving the stimulation of endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammation defense systems.
文摘BACKGROUND: There is a growing research focus on the combination of blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate visual cortical function and structural changes in the cerebrum, as well as morphological changes to the white matter fiber tracks, after visual pathway lesions. However, the combined application of BOLD-fMRI and DTI in treating of visual pathway abnormalities still requires further studies. OBJECTIVE: To observe and evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on visual pathway abnormalities, and to evaluate the characteristics of cerebral function and anatomic structural changes by using BOLD-fMRI combined with DTI technique. DESIGN: Case contrast observation. SETTING: Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen patients (9 males and 7 females, 15-77 years old) with lateral or bilateral visual disorder induced by visual pathway lesions were selected from the Department of Neurology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2006 to May 2007. These patients comprised the lesion group. Measures of interventional therapy: hyperbaric oxygen of two normal atmospheres for three courses (10 d/course) and routine internal medicine treatment. In addition, 12 healthy subjects of similar sex and age to the lesion group were regarded as the control group. The control group underwent routine ophthalmological and ocular fundus examinations; diagnostic results were normal. The experiment received confirmed consent from the local ethic committee, and all patients provided informed consent. METHODS: BOLD-fMRI and DTI manifestations in the lesion group were observed before and after hyperbaric oxygen intervention, and the results were compared with the control group. The subjects were positioned on their back, and BOLD-fMRI images were collected with the following GRE EPI sequence: TR = 2 000 ms, TE = 40 ms, layer thickness = 5 mm, and 20-layer successive scanning to cover the whole brain. While, DTI images were collected with SE EPI sequence of single excitation: TR=10 000 ms, TE = 112 ms, layer thickness = 4 mm, layer spacing = 0.5 mm, and a 30-layer successive scanning, matrix = 128×128. A diffusion gradient was applied at 13 directions, and one layer without diffusion weighted imaging was collected at b =1 000 s/mm^2. Numbers of activated voxels in cortical-activated regions, and fractional anisotropy in bilateral cerebral optical radiation regions, were calculated. Displacement, continuity, and destruction of fibrous tracts were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of BOLD-fMRI and DTI examinations. RESULTS: All 16 patients and 12 controls were included in the final analysis. ① Numbers of activated voxels through the use of BOLD-fMRI: prior to hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the number of activated voxels in the bilateral cortex of occipital lobe were significantly less in the lesion group than in the control group (t =3.23, P 〈 0.01). In addition, the number of activated voxels significantly increased after treatment compared to before treatment (t = 2.46, P 〈 0.05). ② Fractional anisotropy in optical radiation regions of bilateral cerebrum: fractional anisotropy in the lesion group was significantly less than the control group (t =2.89, P 〈 0.05). In addition, fractional anisotropy after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment (t = 2.48, P 〈 0.05). Moreover, fractional anisotropy of optical neuropathy was significantly higher in 6 patients in the lesion group than the occipital lobe optical central lesion (t = 2.35, P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: BOLD-fMRI combined with DTI can indicate the occurrence, development, and therapeutic course of action for optical pathway lesions. The results acquired from these methods can provide information for function and structure, which can provide reliable verification in the treatment of cerebral function.
文摘Transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) for repair of traumatic brain injury has been used in the clinic. Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) treatment has long been widely used as an adjunctive therapy for treating traumatic brain injury. UC-MSC transplantation combined with HBO treatment is expected to yield better therapeutic effects on traumatic brain injury. In this study, we established rat models of severe traumatic brain injury by pressurized fluid(2.5–3.0 atm impact force). The injured rats were then administered UC-MSC transplantation via the tail vein in combination with HBO treatment. Compared with monotherapy, aquaporin 4 expression decreased in the injured rat brain, but growth-associated protein-43 expression, calaxon-like structures, and CM-Dil-positive cell number increased. Following combination therapy, however, rat cognitive and neurological function significantly improved. UC-MSC transplantation combined with HBO therapyfor repair of traumatic brain injury shows better therapeutic effects than monotherapy and significantly promotes recovery of neurological functions.
文摘Schwann cell transplantation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy each promote recovery from spinal cord injury, but it remains unclear whether their combination improves therapeutic results more than monotherapy. To investigate this, we used Schwann cell transplantation via the tail vein, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or their combination, in rat models of spinal cord contusion injury. The combined treatment was more effective in improving hindlimb motor function than either treatment alone; injured spinal tissue showed a greater number of neurite-like structures in the injured spinal tissue, somatosensory and motor evoked potential latencies were notably shorter, and their amplitudes greater, after combination therapy than after monotherapy. These findings indicate that Schwann cell transplantation combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy is more effective than either treatment alone in promoting the recovery of spinal cord in rats after injury.
文摘AIM:To investigate the role of growth hormone(GH),hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT) and combined therapy on the intestinal neomucosa formation of the gastric serosa.METHODS:Forty-eight male Wistar-albino rats,weighing 250-280 g,were used in this study.The rats were divided into four groups(n = 12):Group 1,control,gastric serosal patch;Group 2,gastric serosal patch + GH;Group 3,gastric serosal patch + HBOT;and Group 4,gastric serosal patch + GH + HBOT.Abdominal access was achieved through a midline incision,and after the 1-cm-long defect was created in the jejunum,a 1 cm × 1 cm patch of the gastric corpus was anastomosed to the jejunal defect.Venous blood samples were taken to determine the insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3(IGFBP-3) basal levels.HBOT was performed in Groups 3 and 4.In Groups 2 and 4,human GH was given subcutaneously at a dose of 2 mg per kg/d for 28 d,beginning on the operation day.All animals were sacrificed 60 d after surgery.The jejunal segment and the gastric anastomotic area were excised for histological examination.The inflammatory process,granulation,collagen deposition and fibroblast activity at the neomucosa formation were studied and scored.Additionally,the villus density,villus height,and crypt depth were counted and recorded.The measurements of villus height and crypt depth were calculated with an ocular micrometer.New vessel growth was determined by calculatingeach new vessel in a 1 mm 2 area.RESULTS:In the histological comparison of groups,no significant differences were observed between the control group and Groups 2 and 3 with respect to epithelialization,granulation,fibroblastic activity and the inflammatory process,but significant differences were present between the control group and all others groups(Groups 2-4) with respect to angiogenesis(P < 0.01) and collagen deposition(P < 0.05,P < 0.01).Significant differences between the control group and Group 4 were also observed with respect to epithelialization and fibroblastic activity(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05,respectively).There were significant differences in villus density in all of groups compared with the control group(P < 0.05).Crypt depth was significantly greater in Group 4 than in the control group(P < 0.05),but no other groups had deeper crypts.However,villus height was significantly longer in Groups 2 and 4 than in the control group(P < 0.05).The comparison of groups revealed,significant difference between control group and Groups 2 and 4) with respect to the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3(P < 0.01) 3 wk after the operation.CONCLUSION:HBOT or GH and combined therapy augmented on neomucosal formation.The use of combined therapy produced a synergistic effect on the histological,morphological and functional parameters.
文摘It has been reported that early intervention of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) can promote the intellectual rehabilitation of infants with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and can prevent mental retardation recently. However, the prior observations on the therapeutic effect almost were short-term. How about the observations on prospective efficacy and the following up on systematic intelligence test? OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short-term and long-term effects of HBO therapy on the promotion of the intellectual rehabilitation in infants with severe HIE. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-seven infants with severe HIE (35 males and 12 females) were treated with HBO in the Department of Pediatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Qingdao University from October 1996 to July 1999. All of them were consistent with the diagnostic criteria and clinical grading on severe HIE which were designed by Chinese Medical Association pediatrics committee neonate group in Hangzhou, October, 1996. Informed contents were obtained from the relatives of all the infants. METHODS: ① Grouping: The infants were randomly divided into two groups according to the order of admission, those of odd numbers were HBO group (n =24) and those of even numbers were control group (n =23). All the infants were treated with routine therapy for 3 months, in addition to HBO therapy in the HBO group, once a day for 4 courses of l0 days with the interval of l0 - 15 days since 8 to l0 days after birth. HBO chamber produced by the 701 Institute of China Ship Industry Company was used, and the therapy pressure was 0.14- 0.16 MPa, and the time of compression and decompression were both 15 minutes while voltage-stabilizing was 30 minutes. ② In order to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of HBO on intellectual rehabilitation in infants with HIE, neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was employed at 7 and 28 days after birth, and Bayley scale of infant development (BSID) was got at two years old in both groups, as well as Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence (WPPSI) at five years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of short-term and long-term intelligence between the two groups. RESULTS: ① Results of NBNA: The NBNA score at 28 days was significantly higher in the HBO group than in the control group (P 〈 0.01). ② Results of BSID: The score of mental development index (MDI) of BSID at two years old in the HBO group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 〈 0.05). ③ Results of WPPSI: The score of full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) and verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) of WPPSI in the HBO group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P 〈 0.05). In addition, the rate of mental retardation in the HBO group was significantly lower than that in the control group [12.5% (3/24), 39.1%(9/23), P 〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION: Not only the short-term intellectual rehabilitation but also the long-term one in infants with severe HIE could be promoted by HBO therapy, which might be benefit to the prevention of mental retardation.