Dear Editor,The tuberculin skin test(TST)reagents have continuously improved,with the ESAT6-CFP10(EC)test having recently been introduced,but are seldom based on the direction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH)...Dear Editor,The tuberculin skin test(TST)reagents have continuously improved,with the ESAT6-CFP10(EC)test having recently been introduced,but are seldom based on the direction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH)mechanism.Previous studies only partially showed the infiltration and activation of immune cells and the production of cytokines of the skin induration[1,2],and lack the detailed measurements of cell proportions and gene expression in the DTH response.Therefore,in this study,we revealed the comprehensive characteristics of DTH by single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in the guinea pig tuberculosis(TB)model[Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Committee,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute(2021-064)].展开更多
Background: The available data on cryptogenic chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (ccHP) indicate an inherited predisposition to disease with triggering autoimmune phenomena. Hence, we evaluated prospectively the rol...Background: The available data on cryptogenic chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (ccHP) indicate an inherited predisposition to disease with triggering autoimmune phenomena. Hence, we evaluated prospectively the role of a new autoimmune regimen in treatment of its severe and progressive disease. Patients and Methods: A total of 9 patients were included in the study. They had criteria for ccHP viz. 1) clinical features of cryptogenic progressive restrictive lung disease, 2) high-resolution computed tomographic pulmonary abnormalities, and 3) bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis (>30%). The regimen consisted of an initial induction phase of 3-month Solumedrol 1 g IV daily for 3 days followed by 1 month of Prednisone (P) 60 mg/day to tapered down to discontinuation by 3rd month. They also had received Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 1 g twice daily for 3 months. This stage was followed by a maintenance phase of yearly Rituximab infusions (1 g followed by 1 g 2 weeks later). Results: compared to their previous 6 months deterioration;all patients showed significant improvement in their forced vital volume, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, 6-minutes-walk after the induction phase (at 3 months) which improved further at 15 months with Rituximab therapy. Conclusion: After 3-month induction therapy with P and MMF;yearly R treatment is a safe, practical and effective long-term therapy for ccHP.展开更多
Objective To present a rare case of skin allergic reaction to gadobutrol,a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent,in a 37-year-old man.Methods The adverse reactions of gadobutrol were analyzed combined with the...Objective To present a rare case of skin allergic reaction to gadobutrol,a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent,in a 37-year-old man.Methods The adverse reactions of gadobutrol were analyzed combined with the instructions and related literatures.Results and Conclusion The presence of this patient is consistent with the adverse reactions in the instructions of gadobutrol.The incidence of ADR in gadobutrol is considered to be low,although sometimes patients report a hypersensitivity reaction when undergoing MRI.There are only a few cases of immediate adverse reactions to gadobutrol.However,we should improve the ability of medical staff to use drugs safely and take preventive measures.展开更多
目的系统评价利妥昔单抗快速脱敏治疗的有效性和安全性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane、Web of Science、Scopus、中国知识基础设施工程网(CNKI)、万方数据库数字化期刊和重庆维普中文科技期刊数据库,检索时限均为建库至2023年2月...目的系统评价利妥昔单抗快速脱敏治疗的有效性和安全性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane、Web of Science、Scopus、中国知识基础设施工程网(CNKI)、万方数据库数字化期刊和重庆维普中文科技期刊数据库,检索时限均为建库至2023年2月。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取数据,并评价纳入文献的质量,对结果数据进行描述性分析或统计性分析。系统评价方案已在PROSPERO注册(CRD:42022306557)。结果纳入25项研究(11个病例报告和14个病例系列),共计138例患者进行脱敏治疗,129例脱敏成功(即至少完成一次目标剂量给药)。脱敏前预处理方案为H1、H2受体拮抗剂,糖皮质激素,镇静剂,NSAIDs和对乙酰氨基酚等药物中2种或以上联合,88%的研究预处理分别包含H1受体拮抗剂或糖皮质激素。16项(64.0%)研究报告患者脱敏前皮试情况,皮肤点刺试验(n=16)和皮内试验(n=59)阳性率分别为12.50%、49.15%。17项研究(68.0%)采用3袋-12步法快速脱敏方案,其余为4袋-16步或2袋-8步等多种方法;利妥昔单抗初始给药浓度(即第一袋脱敏药液浓度)为1/10 X-1/10000 X,第一步输注速率基本为1.5~5 mL·min^(-1),单次脱敏总时长4~10.5 h。23项(92%)研究报告患者脱敏过程中变态反应发生情况,其中5项研究未发生变态反应、18项研究中大部分患者在给予对症处理或修改脱敏方案后完成脱敏治疗。结论当前证据表明,利妥昔单抗快速脱敏治疗具有一定的有效性和安全性,但目前缺乏具体的操作性强的高质量证据或执行标准,有待更多大样本、多中心的研究在脱敏前皮试、预处理、个体化脱敏步骤和脱敏过程中过敏反应处理等方面进一步探索。展开更多
目的:牙本质敏感症(dentin hypersensitivity,DH)作为口腔中常见的一种症状和疾病,可能对患者的生活质量产生较大影响,本研究通过体外实验比较Regesi生物活性材料、Gluma脱敏剂和可乐丽菲露Clearfil SE Bond两步法粘接剂对牙本质小管封...目的:牙本质敏感症(dentin hypersensitivity,DH)作为口腔中常见的一种症状和疾病,可能对患者的生活质量产生较大影响,本研究通过体外实验比较Regesi生物活性材料、Gluma脱敏剂和可乐丽菲露Clearfil SE Bond两步法粘接剂对牙本质小管封闭程度及耐久性的差异,为其用于牙本质敏感症的治疗提供数据支持。方法:体外实验中,用离体牙制作牙本质敏感模型,根据脱敏材料的不同进行随机分组(对照组:人工唾液组;A组:Regesi组;B组:Gluma组;C组:Clearfil SEBond组),通过SEM观察脱敏剂作用后,4组牙本质敏感模型的形貌及牙本质小管封闭效果,分析对比其脱敏效果的差异,并通过耐磨性实验,分析材料间脱敏效果持久性之间的差异及表面硬度的差异。结果:SEM观察可见A、B、C组的牙本质小管封闭效果均优于对照组,结果有统计学差异,其中A组封闭效果最好,较其他两组有统计学差异。耐磨性实验前后,A组的表面硬度均高于其他三组,结果有统计学差异。结论:Regesi生物活性材料较Gluma脱敏剂和Clearfil SE Bond两步法粘接剂对牙本质小管的封闭程度及耐久性能更佳,能更好地治疗牙本质敏感症。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(81871691)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(KZ202110025034).
文摘Dear Editor,The tuberculin skin test(TST)reagents have continuously improved,with the ESAT6-CFP10(EC)test having recently been introduced,but are seldom based on the direction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH)mechanism.Previous studies only partially showed the infiltration and activation of immune cells and the production of cytokines of the skin induration[1,2],and lack the detailed measurements of cell proportions and gene expression in the DTH response.Therefore,in this study,we revealed the comprehensive characteristics of DTH by single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in the guinea pig tuberculosis(TB)model[Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Committee,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute(2021-064)].
文摘Background: The available data on cryptogenic chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (ccHP) indicate an inherited predisposition to disease with triggering autoimmune phenomena. Hence, we evaluated prospectively the role of a new autoimmune regimen in treatment of its severe and progressive disease. Patients and Methods: A total of 9 patients were included in the study. They had criteria for ccHP viz. 1) clinical features of cryptogenic progressive restrictive lung disease, 2) high-resolution computed tomographic pulmonary abnormalities, and 3) bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis (>30%). The regimen consisted of an initial induction phase of 3-month Solumedrol 1 g IV daily for 3 days followed by 1 month of Prednisone (P) 60 mg/day to tapered down to discontinuation by 3rd month. They also had received Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 1 g twice daily for 3 months. This stage was followed by a maintenance phase of yearly Rituximab infusions (1 g followed by 1 g 2 weeks later). Results: compared to their previous 6 months deterioration;all patients showed significant improvement in their forced vital volume, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, 6-minutes-walk after the induction phase (at 3 months) which improved further at 15 months with Rituximab therapy. Conclusion: After 3-month induction therapy with P and MMF;yearly R treatment is a safe, practical and effective long-term therapy for ccHP.
文摘Objective To present a rare case of skin allergic reaction to gadobutrol,a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent,in a 37-year-old man.Methods The adverse reactions of gadobutrol were analyzed combined with the instructions and related literatures.Results and Conclusion The presence of this patient is consistent with the adverse reactions in the instructions of gadobutrol.The incidence of ADR in gadobutrol is considered to be low,although sometimes patients report a hypersensitivity reaction when undergoing MRI.There are only a few cases of immediate adverse reactions to gadobutrol.However,we should improve the ability of medical staff to use drugs safely and take preventive measures.
文摘目的:牙本质敏感症(dentin hypersensitivity,DH)作为口腔中常见的一种症状和疾病,可能对患者的生活质量产生较大影响,本研究通过体外实验比较Regesi生物活性材料、Gluma脱敏剂和可乐丽菲露Clearfil SE Bond两步法粘接剂对牙本质小管封闭程度及耐久性的差异,为其用于牙本质敏感症的治疗提供数据支持。方法:体外实验中,用离体牙制作牙本质敏感模型,根据脱敏材料的不同进行随机分组(对照组:人工唾液组;A组:Regesi组;B组:Gluma组;C组:Clearfil SEBond组),通过SEM观察脱敏剂作用后,4组牙本质敏感模型的形貌及牙本质小管封闭效果,分析对比其脱敏效果的差异,并通过耐磨性实验,分析材料间脱敏效果持久性之间的差异及表面硬度的差异。结果:SEM观察可见A、B、C组的牙本质小管封闭效果均优于对照组,结果有统计学差异,其中A组封闭效果最好,较其他两组有统计学差异。耐磨性实验前后,A组的表面硬度均高于其他三组,结果有统计学差异。结论:Regesi生物活性材料较Gluma脱敏剂和Clearfil SE Bond两步法粘接剂对牙本质小管的封闭程度及耐久性能更佳,能更好地治疗牙本质敏感症。
