Perioperative nursing care for hip arthroplasty patients with concomitant hypertension: A minireview

Hip replacement(HA)is mainly indicated for the elderly,who generally suffer from various underlying diseases such as hypertension.This article provides a review of the key points of perioperative nursing care for patients with hyper-tension undergoing HA.It analyzes the key points of care during the periop-erative period(preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative)and proposes directions for the development of perioperative nursing care for HA.The pro-gnosis for patients can be improved through the modification of traditional medical approaches and the application of new technologies and concepts.

Research progress of hypertension treatment based on hypertensive inflammatory response

The concept that hypertension is vascular inflammation has been widely recognized.A large number of experiments have been carried out in the past,but no relevant breakthroughs have been made in clinical application.At present,the drugs for clinical treatment of hypertension still take the previous pathogenesis of hypertension as the target,so the treatment of hypertension has not achieved satisfactory results.This article starts from the relationship between hypertension and inflammatory response,and integrates relevant research on the treatment of hypertension and inflammatory response by Chinese and Western medicine in the past three years,with a view to providing new directions and targets for the prevention and treatment of hypertension,so as to better control hypertension and Target organ damage.

Train of Thought and Strategy over Strengthening the Research of Treating Hypertension by Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine

The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it inorder tO elevate clinicaltherapeutic effect,so as

Endovascular denervation(EDN):From Hypertension to Non-Hypertension Diseases

Recently,the use of endovascular denervation(EDN)to treat resistant hypertension has gained significant attention.In addition to reducing sympathetic activity,EDN might also have beneficial effects on pulmonary arterial hypertension,insulin resistance,chronic kidney disease,atrial fibrillation,heart failure,obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,loin pain hematuria syndrome,cancer pain and so on.In this article we will summarize the progress of EDN in clinical research.

HEALS: A Faith-Based Hypertension Control Program for African-Americans: A Feasibility Study

Objective: To determine the feasibility of a behavioral faith-based PREMIER study modified hypertension (HTN) control intervention in a semi urban African-American (AA) church. Methods: In a prospective longitudinal study design, a 12-week behavioral HEALS (Healthy Eating and Living Spiritually) intervention was tested for its feasibility and efficacy in a semi urban AA church. High-risk adult church members with HTN were recruited. Program sessions were weekly delivered by the trained church members. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: 22 of 34 subjects (65% retention) provided complete information on the outcome measures. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction from baseline was 22 mmHg (p < 0.001) and 6.5 mmHg for diastolic BP (p = 0.0048). Mean weight reduction of 3.11 kg from the baseline (p < 0.0001) was also observed. 91% subjects attended 7 - 9 sessions. Conclusion: Promoting behavioral HTN control interventions in high risk AAs by empowering AA church communities is feasible and efficacious.

Study on the Difference of Body Mass Index and Insulin Sensitivity Index in Salt-sensitive Hypertension Patients of Different Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Types

OBJECTIVE: To explore the difference of body mass index(BMI) and insulin sensitivity index(ISI) in saltsensitive hypertension patients of different traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome types, so as to elucidate the effect of the distribution of each syndrome on the degree of insulin resistance in salt-sensitive hypertension patients. METHODS: A total of 131 patients with salt-sensitive hypertension were included in the study. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to study the characteristics of TCM viscera, syndrome elements and syndrome differentiation. Furthermore, the following parameters were observed and corresponding differences were analyzed, including BMI, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, neck circumference and insulin sensitivity index among group s of different TCM syndrome types. RESULTS: There were 131 cases of saltsensitive hypertension. The results of factor analysis showed that the total variance contribution of F1-5 common factors was 75.8%. According to the pattern differentiation of zang-fu organs, a basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), the main zang-fu organs involved in the five common factors are: liver, spleen, and kidney.The main syndrome factors that had been extracted include yin de?ciency, ?re, qi stagnation, yang hyperactivity,dampness, phlegm, qi reversal, heat, retained fluid, essence deficiency, qi descending, qi deficiency, and yang deficiency. Among them, factor 1 accounted for 18.32%, factor 2 accounted for 21.37%, factor 3 accounted for20.43%, factor 4 accounted for 20.61%, and factor 5 accounted for 22.14%. The proportion of zang-fu organs involvement was: 21.37% of the spleen, 17.56% of the kidney, 18.32% of the liver and spleen, and 42.75% of the spleen and kidney. Syndrome elements: yin de?ciency 18.32%, phlegm-dampness 21.37%, qi stagnation 39.69%, qi de?ciency 42.75%, retained ?uid 20.61%, yang de?ciency 60.31%, essence de?ciency 17.56%, qi sinking 17.56%,heat 21.37%, qi reversal 21.37%. Results of cluster analysis: there were 3 categories when the distance variance was 20-Category 1: Factor 1; Category 2: Factor 2; Category 3: Factor 3, Factor 4, Factor 5. Combined with the clinical practice of TCM, the classi?cation based on TCM syndromes was:Category 1, yin de?ciency and yang hyperactivity pattern(accounting for 18.32%); Category 2, excessive accumulation of phlegm-dampness(accounting for 21.37%); Category 3, spleen-kidney yang de?ciency and pattern of water-rheum collecting internally(accounting for 60.31%), including 24 cases of yin-de?ciency and yang-hyperactivity(YDYH), 28 cases of excessive phlegmdampness syndrome(EPDS), 79 cases of spleen and kidney yang-de?ciency and ?uid retention stagnating in the interior(SKFR). There was no difference in the distribution of age and sex among groups. In addition, no signi?cant difference was found regarding BMI, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, neck circumference among groups of salt-sensitive hypertension of different TCM syndrome types. Meanwhile, ISI was signi?cantly lower in cases of spleen and kidney yang-de?ciency and ?uid retention stagnating in the interior than in the other 2 groups,with statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Insulin resistance is the most serious in salt-sensitive hypertension patients with spleen and kidney yang-de?ciency and ?uid retention stagnating in the interior. Besides, obesity is not a critical factor in determining the distribution of TCM syndrome types in patients with salt-sensitive hypertension.

基于PRECEDE模式的居民减盐行为影响因素的混合方法研究

背景中国居民高血压患病率高而控制率低,大量流行病学研究表明减少膳食盐的摄入有助于降低血压水平,因此探索居民减盐行为的影响因素对于居民自身的健康管理及减轻社会负担意义重大。目的基于PRECEDE模式,探索山东居民减盐行为的倾向因素、强化因素和促成因素,为后续减盐工作提供科学建议。方法运用混合研究方法,采用目的抽样法,先后于2016年和2018年采访居民共计114名,访谈提纲主要包含对控盐的态度、在控盐过程中遇到的困难以及获得的帮助等。定量数据来源于2016年山东省减盐防控高血压项目终末调查鲁东、鲁中南地区的问卷数据,从数据库中选取与高血压相关调查内容,共纳入研究样本6697份。结果多分类Logistic回归结果显示,在控制其他变量影响下,性别、职业、文化程度对减盐行为依从性有影响(P<0.05)。在控制个人一般情况的影响下,个人口味、减盐知识及对低盐饮食的态度对减盐行为依从性有影响(P<0.05)。医生的干预能强化居民减盐行为。通过医务人员的健康教育,不仅能增强高血压患者的减盐行为与意识,还能加强家人的督促,提升家人的减盐行为与意识,进而达到促进居民减盐的目的。家人在日常生活中的督促能强化居民控盐行为。山东省减盐行动制定了项目推进政策、餐饮业政策、食品业政策以及减盐健康教育政策,打造了浓厚的减盐大环境。低盐产品中对居民影响较大的是限盐勺,低盐食品及低钠盐的可及性相对较低影响了其控盐作用。大众媒体宣传是居民获得减盐信息的主要途径,目前作用较为明显的大众传播方式包括电视和在公共场所的宣传。结论对低盐饮食的态度及知识水平因素是影响居民减盐行为的倾向因素;医生的劝诫和家人的提醒能帮助居民开始减盐,也能强化居民减盐行为,属于强化因素;减盐相关政策、大众传播为居民减盐创造了社会氛围,减盐相关产品则提供了现实条件,属于促成因素。

运动康复疗法治疗肺动脉高压的研究进展

肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)是一种典型的慢性进行性加重的心肺血管疾病,生存率较低,目前的基础治疗及靶向药物治疗可以改善PAH患者的生存质量,但远期疗效及预后不佳,研究表明,在现有治疗的基础上进行运动康复疗法可以改善心肺功能储备、增强骨骼肌力量、减轻炎症反应、改善血管及心室重塑、提高患者远期生活质量和改善心理状态。本文将对PAH患者中运动康复疗法的作用及安全性等方面研究进展进行综述。

肺动脉高压相关病理机制的研究进展

肺动脉高压(PAH)是一种严重危害人类健康的肺血管病变,最终会引起肺血管重建和右心室功能障碍。目前,PAH的致病机制尚未阐明。PAH病理生理是复杂和可变的,一氧化氮、前列环素及神经体液和激素通路等各种信号通路之间复杂交错,线粒体相关代谢环境失调及环境和炎症损伤等都参与其中。该文对PAH的病理机制研究进展进行了综述。

基于CiteSpace的高血压风险预测模型研究的可视化分析

目的:分析国内外高血压相关风险预测研究的现状,为开展更丰富、全面的科学研究及更好地进行疾病管理提供参考。方法:计算机检索近10年中国知网、Web of Science核心合集数据库中的高血压预测模型相关文献,借助CiteSpace 6.1.R6绘制图谱,包括发文趋势、关键词共现和聚类、突现词分析、时间线图。结果:共纳入578篇文献。国内外年发文量均呈增长趋势。研究热点集中在对老年、农村人口等不同特征高血压人群的诊断模型及预后模型。研究前沿集中在列线图、机器学习等高血压预测模型构建途径。结论:近10年国内外的研究热点在预测因子上存在差异。今后国内研究者可结合中医元素构建更多的高血压相关预测模型,进一步进行模型的联合、对比及优化。

难治性高血压中医药治疗研究进展

高血压是导致心脑血管疾病的一个主要危险因素,具有发病率高的特点。难治性高血压是一种特殊类型的高血压,相较于普通的原发性高血压,难治性高血压对靶器官(心、脑、肾)损害更严重,更易导致心力衰竭、心肌梗死、肾脏衰竭、脑卒中的发病,而且预后更差。目前临床上主要采用常规降压药来治疗,易产生耐药性及各种副作用和不良反应,影响疗效。中医治疗方面,可采取多种方法降压,如中药、针灸、足浴、穴位贴敷、埋线等中医特色疗法,还可多种疗法联合,更易稳定血压,减少对靶器官的损害,改善患者生活质量。因中医治疗的诸多优势,目前采用中医治疗难治性高血压的比例越来越高,临床研究取得了不少成果。对中医治疗难治性高血压的研究进展进行综述。

中医外治法治疗老年高血压病合并认知障碍的研究进展

近年来老龄人口持续增加,老年高血压病合并认知障碍的发病率逐年升高。在中医学中,老年高血压病合并认知障碍多为虚实夹杂之证,其病因病机复杂,临床以肾精亏虚、髓海不足为主。西医学研究发现,会因为衰老可导致脑血流量减少,出现功能障碍,动脉高血压病进一步加剧了这种功能障碍。此外,血压水平和认知功能障碍有所关联的潜在机制可能和大脑中与高血压病相关的β淀粉样蛋白积累有关系。虽然该病的发病机理正处于研究阶段,尚未被完全认识,但是对该病的治疗已刻不容缓。现代医学单纯依靠西药治疗该病并不能达到临床预期,且伴随不同程度的耐药性和不良反应。近年来中医外治法发展迅速,在一定程度上弥补了西药治疗存在的问题和不足,且对该病治疗效果显著。本研究通过检索大量关于老年高血压病合并认知障碍的病因病机以及中医外治法治疗该病的文献研究,发现在脏腑经络学说的指导下,耳穴压豆、穴位贴敷、经穴推拿、针灸疗法作用于人体可使气血得以畅行,培补正气,有效地缓解临床症状且疗效稳定持久,在治疗该病方面具有独特的优势。因于此,文章对老年高血压病合并认知障碍的病因病机及中医外治法进行分析与论述,以期为该病的预防和治疗提供新的思路和方法。

双碳背景下城市转型实验室研究动态与未来展望

近年来,城市的可持续转型成为推动绿色生产和消费以及构建新社会—技术系统的关键议题。城市转型实验室在此背景下崭露头角,成为促进生产和生活方式绿色化、实现城市低碳转型的重要平台,以及作为可持续城市发展中的治理方式。文章运用CiteSpace软件,分析Web of Science核心合集中相关文献,揭示城市转型实验室研究动态,探讨当前研究的理论和实证问题,以及双碳背景下中国城市转型实验室的研究方向。研究结果表明:(1)城市转型实验室源于转型管理理论,为技术创新提供了跨学科、灵活、综合的平台。(2)城市转型实验室具备利基、多阶段和共同演化3个视角。(3)国内仍缺少对城市转型实验室的研究,存在研究视角与国内现实不相符等问题。文章认为城市转型实验室研究涵盖跨领域、侧重技术发展的社会参与性与管理可控性,在如何推动城市转型的实践上有极大应用价值。文章明确了城市转型实验室未来三大研究方向:结合中国特征,探索社会—技术作用机制;补充理论框架,进行多学科视角融合;立足新技术特征与政策试点,将城市转型实验室纳入区域和城市发展政策中。

中医药治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的研究进展

门静脉高压症(portal hypertension, PHT)是肝硬化发展过程出现的血管与循环系统的改变。目前常用的治疗以内科和外科治疗为主,但临床使用效果因人而异,不是对所有患者都有效,对于合并难治性腹水等严重并发症患者不适合使用,长期使用还会降低心率,产生耐药等不良反应。近年来中医以整体观和辨证论治的特色在治疗肝病方面有一定的优势。因此对中医治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的研究进展展开研究,为临床诊断、治疗和预后提供更多思路。

中医外治法治疗中青年高血压的研究进展

高血压病作为一个常见的疾病,影响了人们的身体健康,患病率呈现逐年上升趋势。中青年与老年人相比对自身的自我保健意识相对较差,以及生活方式改变,例如“饮食不节”“情志不畅”“劳逸失调”等,因此高血压的患病人群逐渐年轻化。中医外治法在治疗高血压中有一定的特色和优势,根据相关文献的学习结合临床经验,从耳穴压豆、针刺治疗、放血疗法、穴位贴敷、中药足浴进行综合性叙述,以充分了解中医外治法治疗中青年高血压的新思路。

少数民族老年高血压病人服药依从性促进及阻碍因素的质性研究

目的:了解少数民族老年高血压病人服药的真实经历和感受,探讨影响个体服药依从性的促进及阻碍因素,为针对性制定服药管理策略以提高其服药依从性提供参考依据。方法:采用目的抽样法,对选取的15例少数民族老年高血压病人进行深入访谈,运用描述性现象学分析法分析资料。结果:提炼出少数民族老年高血压病人服药依从性促进及阻碍因素2个主题。促进因素的4个亚主题包括良好的疾病认知、美好愿景、强烈的家庭责任感、程序化的服药方法;阻碍因素的4个亚主题包括健康素养低、药品可及性低、治疗获益感差、医务人员的支持不足。结论:少数民族老年高血压病人服药依从性的促进及阻碍因素是多维度的,医务人员应提升人文关怀能力,提供个性化的健康教育。

Engineering Intelligent Racing Concepts Using Design Research Methods

The automotive seat market is positioned to significantly grow over the next five years. Research into how sensor implementation in every day driver cars can enhance driver wellness is becoming increasingly popular and visible in the automotive seat industry. However, in the competitive race car industry,?drivers prioritize driving ability over wellness. To further examine this phenomenon, the Human-Machine Interaction?Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology took a unique approach to developing strong use cases for implementing sensor technology to improve driving ability for race car drivers by combining qualitative and quantitative research data obtained through modern design research and planning methodology. Following a process relying heavily on user-centered design methods, the authors developed a business case concept?for?a sensor-based seat accessory that acts as a competitive racer’s?driving coach?that is able to identify the mechanics of braking, turning, and accelerating through pressure sensors in the driver’s seat pan surface. This technology allows drivers to precisely understand when and how hard to brake, turn, or accelerate out of turns, thus reducing heat times and financial burden for drivers.

“Med-Lab逃脱”在医学基础研究实践能力培育中的探索

医学教学中基础研究实践能力培育意义重大,教学方法则是有效培育的关键。严肃游戏是新型教法,应用广泛,效果显著。本文以医学基础研究实践操作为内容,依托常见实验室格局,设计了一种严肃游戏——“Med-Lab逃脱”。学习者通过故事性主线,进行闯关式“逃脱”,在奖惩反馈下,完成5类经典医学基础研究实践能力培育。“Med-Lab逃脱”在内部初测中效果较好,但不足尚存,其在方案设计、硬件配备、运行细节、评价管理等层面需进一步优化。

基于生态学专业特色的实验安全教育课程设计与管理模式探索

高校实验室是培养研究生科研创新能力的重要平台,近年来研究生招生数量增加、实验安全教育缺失、实验安全意识淡漠等问题已逐渐成为实验室安全不稳定的重要因素之一。该文以吉林农业大学生态学专业为例,介绍研究生实验安全教育课程建设及研究生参与实验室安全管理方面的经验,为加强研究生综合素质培养,发挥实验室在人才培养和科研创新工作中的支撑作用奠定基础。

高血压患者服药依从性影响因素的质性Meta整合

目的系统评价和整合高血压患者服药依从性相关体验的质性研究,明确影响高血压患者服药依从性的相关因素,为临床采取干预措施提供依据。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Medline、EBSCO、Wiley online library中关于高血压患者服药依从性相关体验的质性研究,检索时限从建库至2022年3月9日。采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究评价标准对纳入的文献进行质量评价,利用汇集性整合方法及Nvivo12软件对文献进行整合。结果共纳入17篇文献,并将结果整合为服药促进因素(精神支持及实际帮助、适时的服药提醒)及服药阻碍因素(知识缺乏、经济条件限制、角色冲突、服药种类及数量过多、对终生服药的恐惧、惧怕药物副作用、治疗获益感差、对医生的不信任感、欠妥的医患沟通方式、医患地位不平等)。结论多种因素均会影响高血压患者服药依从性,需要患者、医护人员乃至社会共同做出努力方能改变高血压患者服药依从性不高的现状。