Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a growing health problem. It has enormous public health impact. Sleep problems show an early component of this disease. Hypocretin hasa major function in sleep-wake cycle. The total numb...Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a growing health problem. It has enormous public health impact. Sleep problems show an early component of this disease. Hypocretin hasa major function in sleep-wake cycle. The total number of hypocretin neurons in the normal humans ranges from 51000-83000, located exclusively in the hypothalamus. Deficiency in hypocretins neurotransmission results in narcolepsy, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological and psychological disorders. Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) hypocretin levels were directly related with t-tau protein amount in AD. Increased hypocretin CSF in AD suggest that hypocretin is involved in the mechanism of AD pathology.展开更多
Recent studies suggest that Hypocretin (HCRT, Orexin) are involved in stress regulation of depression through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, the molecular mechanism by which Hypocretin regulat...Recent studies suggest that Hypocretin (HCRT, Orexin) are involved in stress regulation of depression through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, the molecular mechanism by which Hypocretin regulate neurobiological responses is unknown. Herein, the effects of chronic stress on the epigenetic modification of HCRT and its association with depression were explored with regard to a potential role in cancer progression. In the study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish an animal model of cancer with depression by administrating n-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). RNA-sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of rats and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the results of RNA-sequencing. The status of HCRT promoter methylation was assessed by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction. Behavioral tests showed that rats exposed to CUMS had significant depressive-like behaviors. The number of liver tumors and tumor load in depressed rats exposed to CUMS was higher than in SD rats without CUMS. RNA-sequencing revealed that HCRT was one of the most siginificantly downregulated gene in the hippocampus of SD rats with CUMS compared to non-stressed group, which was validated by qRT-PCR. HCRT mRNA expression was downregulated and the promoter for HCRT was hyper-methylated in those with depression. These results identified a critical role for chronic psychological stressors in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, via epigenetic HCRT downregulation. Such epigenetic downregulation may be the molecular basis for the association of cancer with depression.展开更多
Hypocretins/orexins are crucial for the regulation of wakefulness by the excitatory actions on multiple subcortical arousal systems. In prefrontal cortex,
发作性睡病(narcolepsy,NT)是与快速眼动睡眠期(rapid eye movement,REM)相关的一种中枢性嗜睡疾病,好发于儿童与青少年,临床表现为日间过度思睡和猝倒,还可伴有异常的快速眼动表现,如入睡幻觉、睡眠麻痹、夜间睡眠紊乱以及其他快速眼...发作性睡病(narcolepsy,NT)是与快速眼动睡眠期(rapid eye movement,REM)相关的一种中枢性嗜睡疾病,好发于儿童与青少年,临床表现为日间过度思睡和猝倒,还可伴有异常的快速眼动表现,如入睡幻觉、睡眠麻痹、夜间睡眠紊乱以及其他快速眼动睡眠行为障碍(REM sleep behavior disorder,RBD)等;其发病率较低,为0.02%~0.05%不等[1],发病年龄有两个高峰,分别为15岁和35岁。国际睡眠障碍分类第3版(The International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition,ICSD-3)将NT分为1型发作性睡病(narcolepsy type 1,NT1:伴猝倒/下丘脑分泌素缺乏)和2型发作性睡病(narcolepsy type 2,NT2:无猝倒和下丘脑分泌素缺乏),其中NT1所占比例为75%~80%。NT1和NT2均有日间过度思睡的临床症状,NT1表现为脑脊液分泌素1(hypocretin-1,hcrt-1)水平下降以及猝倒,这表明NT1与下丘脑hcrt-1密切相关;NT2的发病原因目前认为可能是下丘脑损害不完全,因此脑脊液中hcrt-1水平低下或略低,部分NT2患者后期又可发展为NT1[2]。NT的诊断通常具有滞后性,可达10年以上[1],严重影响患者学习和工作,甚至带来心理上的焦虑与抑郁,因此该疾病应早发现、早诊断,并采取及时的干预措施。展开更多
文摘Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a growing health problem. It has enormous public health impact. Sleep problems show an early component of this disease. Hypocretin hasa major function in sleep-wake cycle. The total number of hypocretin neurons in the normal humans ranges from 51000-83000, located exclusively in the hypothalamus. Deficiency in hypocretins neurotransmission results in narcolepsy, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological and psychological disorders. Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) hypocretin levels were directly related with t-tau protein amount in AD. Increased hypocretin CSF in AD suggest that hypocretin is involved in the mechanism of AD pathology.
基金The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No.#81872380)the Opening Foundation of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics.
文摘Recent studies suggest that Hypocretin (HCRT, Orexin) are involved in stress regulation of depression through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, the molecular mechanism by which Hypocretin regulate neurobiological responses is unknown. Herein, the effects of chronic stress on the epigenetic modification of HCRT and its association with depression were explored with regard to a potential role in cancer progression. In the study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish an animal model of cancer with depression by administrating n-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). RNA-sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of rats and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the results of RNA-sequencing. The status of HCRT promoter methylation was assessed by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction. Behavioral tests showed that rats exposed to CUMS had significant depressive-like behaviors. The number of liver tumors and tumor load in depressed rats exposed to CUMS was higher than in SD rats without CUMS. RNA-sequencing revealed that HCRT was one of the most siginificantly downregulated gene in the hippocampus of SD rats with CUMS compared to non-stressed group, which was validated by qRT-PCR. HCRT mRNA expression was downregulated and the promoter for HCRT was hyper-methylated in those with depression. These results identified a critical role for chronic psychological stressors in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, via epigenetic HCRT downregulation. Such epigenetic downregulation may be the molecular basis for the association of cancer with depression.
文摘Hypocretins/orexins are crucial for the regulation of wakefulness by the excitatory actions on multiple subcortical arousal systems. In prefrontal cortex,
文摘发作性睡病(narcolepsy,NT)是与快速眼动睡眠期(rapid eye movement,REM)相关的一种中枢性嗜睡疾病,好发于儿童与青少年,临床表现为日间过度思睡和猝倒,还可伴有异常的快速眼动表现,如入睡幻觉、睡眠麻痹、夜间睡眠紊乱以及其他快速眼动睡眠行为障碍(REM sleep behavior disorder,RBD)等;其发病率较低,为0.02%~0.05%不等[1],发病年龄有两个高峰,分别为15岁和35岁。国际睡眠障碍分类第3版(The International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition,ICSD-3)将NT分为1型发作性睡病(narcolepsy type 1,NT1:伴猝倒/下丘脑分泌素缺乏)和2型发作性睡病(narcolepsy type 2,NT2:无猝倒和下丘脑分泌素缺乏),其中NT1所占比例为75%~80%。NT1和NT2均有日间过度思睡的临床症状,NT1表现为脑脊液分泌素1(hypocretin-1,hcrt-1)水平下降以及猝倒,这表明NT1与下丘脑hcrt-1密切相关;NT2的发病原因目前认为可能是下丘脑损害不完全,因此脑脊液中hcrt-1水平低下或略低,部分NT2患者后期又可发展为NT1[2]。NT的诊断通常具有滞后性,可达10年以上[1],严重影响患者学习和工作,甚至带来心理上的焦虑与抑郁,因此该疾病应早发现、早诊断,并采取及时的干预措施。
